Search

Abstract Background Uncorrected myopia is a leading cause of blindness globally, with a rising prevalence in recent decades. Pathological myopia, often seen in individuals with increased axial length (AXL), can result in severe structural changes in the posterior pole, including myopic tractional maculopathy (MTM). MTM arises from tractional forces at the vitreoretinal interface, leading to progressive macular retinoschisis, macular holes, and retinal detachment (RD). This study aims to outline preoperative evaluation and surgical indication criteria for MTM, based on the MTM staging system, and to share our Brazilian experience with three cases of macular buckle (MB) surgery, all with over a year of follow-up. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of three cases of MTM-associated RD treated with MB surgery, with or without pars plana vitrectomy. Preoperative evaluations included optical coherence tomography (OCT) and ultrasonography (USG) to assess the extent of macular involvement and retinal detachment. Surgical indications were determined based on the MTM staging system. The MB was assembled using customizable and accessible materials. Surgical procedures varied according to the specific needs of each case. An informed consent form regarding the surgical procedure was appropriately obtained for each case. The study was conducted with the proper approval of the institution’s ethics committee. Results All three cases demonstrated successful retinal attachment during the mean follow-up of eighteen months. In the first case, combined phacoemulsification, vitrectomy, and MB were performed for MTM with macular hole and RD. The second case required MB and vitrectomy after two failed RD surgeries. In the third case, a macular detachment with an internal lamellar hole was treated with MB alone. These cases highlight the efficacy of MB surgery in managing MTM in highly myopic eyes. Conclusions MB surgery is an effective treatment option for MTM-associated RD in highly myopic eyes, providing long-term retinal attachment. Our experience demonstrates that with proper preoperative evaluation and surgical planning, MB can be successfully implemented using accessible materials, offering a viable solution in resource-limited settings. Further studies with larger sample sizes are warranted to validate these findings and refine surgical techniques.

Severe obesity is linked to a low-grade inflammatory process due to enlarged adipose tissue, resulting in elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines. Bariatric surgery induces anatomical changes, causing intestinal inflammation marked by anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCA) antibodies. This study aimed to assess ASCA IgG/IgA levels preoperatively and 12 months post-surgery, correlating them with systemic inflammation markers (IL-6, CRP, MCP-1). Participants (BMI > 35 kg/m2) were recruited in South Brazil. Severe obesity individuals showed elevated IL-6 (p = 0.002), CRP (p

This abstract presents a research study that explores the potential for the circular economy, particularly in agriculture, to not only reduce waste and emissions but also to generate value from environmental conservation efforts. The study applied an exploratory-descriptive approach, with bibliometric analysis utilized to understand the breadth of waste management practices. The research was comprehensive, sourcing a large body of articles (858 in total) from prominent databases such as Scopus and Web of Science. This large data set was then analyzed using VOSView software. Two primary opportunities for generating value from agricultural waste were identified: recycling non-organic waste (e.g., plastics) and effective biomass and organic waste management. The study underscores the need for innovative technologies and new business practices to capitalize on these opportunities. The authors argue for a significant shift in existing production systems. They suggest the integration of technological solutions that leverage the biochemical aspects of different waste types. This approach could help to extract maximum value from waste within agricultural value chains. The principal contribution of this research to the scientific community is the novel understanding it offers of how to add value to agribusiness value chains. This research could guide future endeavors to make agriculture more sustainable and economically efficient through waste valorization.

University students are vulnerable to mental health issues during their academic lives. During the COVID-19 pandemic, university students faced mental distress due to lockdowns and the transition to e-learning. However, it is not known whether these students were also affected specifically by COVID-19-related traumatic events. This study examined the impact of COVID-19-related traumatic events on 2277 university students from two federal institutions of higher education in Brazil. The university students completed an online questionnaire covering demographics, lifestyle habits, health characteristics, COVID-19-related traumatic events, and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. The results showed that an increased intensity of COVID-19-related traumatic events was positively associated with stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms, and each specific type of event was associated with these symptoms. In addition, we found a negative association between these symptoms and male sex and age and a positive association with having or having had a history of cardiovascular, respiratory, neurological, or mental disorders or another disease diagnosed by a physician. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the heightened risk of mental health issues in university students in the face of COVID-19-related traumatic events. Women, young people and people who have or have had a history of disease were the most vulnerable to mental health issues during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Resumo: O sono é influenciado por diversos fatores e é essencial para a saúde. O papel do contexto socioeconômico da vizinhança na saúde do sono foi estudado nos últimos anos, mas os resultados são inconsistentes. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a associação entre a segregação residencial socioeconômica e os problemas do sono. Utilizou-se dados da 2ª avaliação (2012-2014) de 9.918 servidores públicos participantes do Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil). A segregação residencial socioeconômica foi avaliada por meio da estatística Getis-Ord Local Gi*, e a duração e privação do sono, as queixas de insônia e a sonolência diurna foram obtidas por meio de entrevistas. Para as estimativas da odds ratio (OR), foram utilizados modelos de regressão logística binomial e multinomial. Em relação ao sono, 49% tinham curta duração e 3% longa duração, 23% relataram queixas de insônia, 45% relataram privação do sono, 42% relataram sonolência diurna e 48% relataram ≥ 2 problemas do sono. No modelo ajustado por variáveis demográficas e socioeconômicas, houve associação entre alta segregação residencial socioeconômica e duração curta do sono (OR = 1,22; IC95%: 1,07; 1,40), privação do sono (OR = 1,20; IC95%: 1,05; 1,37), sonolência diurna (OR = 1,17; IC95%: 1,03; 1,34) e ≥ 2 problemas associados do sono (OR = 1,24; IC95%: 1,08; 1,41). Indivíduos que vivem em vizinhanças com alta segregação residencial socioeconômica apresentam maior chance de terem curta duração, privação do sono, sonolência diurna e ≥ 2 problemas associados ao sono. Essas informações reforçam que políticas públicas para reduzir as desigualdades socioeconômicas podem contribuir para melhorar a saúde do sono da população.

The objective of this study was to investigate and compare the effectiveness of toothpastes containing bioactives to relieve dentin hypersensitivity with that of a commercial desensitizing toothpaste containing REFIX technology, associated or not with a calcium booster. In this double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, multi-center clinical trial, thirty-two volunteers diagnosed with dentin hypersensitivity and qualified to participate were randomized into four groups: (1) Colgate Sensitive Pro-Relief; (2) Sensodyne Repair & Relief; (3) Regenerador Sensitive; and (4) Regenerador Sensitive, associated with a calcium booster. Evaporative and tactile tests were used to check for dentin hypersensitivity in the test subjects. The participants brushed their teeth with one of the toothpastes, and dentin hypersensitivity was immediately tested using a visual analogue scale (VAS), in which the pain was rated on a scale of 0 to 10. Dentin hypersensitivity was measured after one week and after one month of the subjects continuing to use the toothpaste three times per day. Data were statistically analyzed with a non-parametric Friedman test for dependent data (α = 0.05). All toothpastes reduced dentin hypersensitivity. In the evaporative test, Sensodyne Protect & Repair and Regenerador Sensitive, associated with the calcium booster, exhibited faster and more effective results in reducing pain caused by dentin hypersensitivity, even after the first use. Colgate Sensitive Pro-Relief was effective only after one week of use. All toothpastes performed well in the tactile test for treating dentin hypersensitivity, and their performance improved over time. Sensodyne Repair & Protect presented the highest overall pain remission after one month (84.6%). The bioactive toothpastes reduced, to a different extent, the tooth hypersensitivity reported by the volunteers. Sensodyne Repair & Relief and Regenerador Sensitive, associated or not with a calcium booster, presented faster and more effective results in reducing pain caused by dentin hypersensitivity.

RESUMO Este artigo tem como objetivo investigar as características da produção científica das teses e dissertações que tratam acerca dos temas da holding familiar e da sucessão rural, através de um mapeamento das teses e dissertações desenvolvidas no Brasil. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, descritiva e quali-quantitativa realizada através de uma busca no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações - CAPES, baseada no uso das palavras-chave “Holding familiar” e “sucessão rural”. Os resultados apontam que existem mais estudos sobre a holding familiar (12) e, em menor quantidade, sobre a sucessão rural (11). O conhecimento já produzido demonstra que a sucessão não organizada traz um risco à viabilidade do empreendimento e da produção. Outro desafio é a permanência do jovem no campo, que é diretamente associada ao futuro do agronegócio. Como contribuição, demonstra-se que a holding pode ser uma alternativa eficaz no planejamento sucessório no meio rural. Destaca-se a necessidade de pesquisas multidisciplinares correlacionando as áreas do direito; da psicologia; da contabilidade e da administração; e da economia e da governança corporativa familiar, envolvendo a sucessão no meio rural e a holding familiar.

Studies with bioeconomic modeling can be identified in animal science. However, there are distinct typologies associated with the term bioeconomy with different meanings and approaches. The present study aims to examine the Bioeconomy/Bioeconomics approaches used in animal science research and discuss the implications and benefits of integrating these areas of knowledge. The method consisted of systematic literature review with quantitative and qualitative analyzes of the content of articles obtained from the Scopus® database. In the process of searching and analyzing the articles, we defined beef cattle as representative of animal science. Followed the PRISMA Protocol guidelines. The results confirmed that the use of the term bioeconomic has been recurrent in this field of knowledge since 1994. However, the approach given to the term refers mainly to studies combining animal performance (bio) and economic returns (economic) because of variables of interest, evident in the set of indicators reported in the articles analyzed. Despite the relevance of these studies, we discuss some implications and reasons for adopting other bioeconomy approaches in animal science. We conclude that the integration between Bioeconomics and animal science can significantly broaden the scope of analysis, the what relevant to the contemporary challenges of promoting sustainable production systems.

Objetivo: relatar a experiência de uma atividade educativa mediada pela arte sobre o bullying com adolescentes. Método: relato de experiência de uma atividade educativa sobre bullying, realizada no mês de maio de 2023, em uma escola pública de ensino médio localizada na zona sul e em uma igreja evangélica na zona norte, ambas na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Para a atividade, adaptou-se a Dinâmica de Criatividade e Sensibilidade - Corpo Saber, dado a sensibilidade da temática. Resultados: 42 adolescentes expressaram, por meio da arte, os sentimentos de tristeza, depressão, dor, angústia, a dor física, a automutilação e o suicídio. Eles refletiram sobre a prevenção do bullying e orientados na busca por apoio emocional com os familiares, na escola e com profissionais de saúde. Considerações finais: a atividade educativa proporcionou aos adolescentes expressarem seus sentimentos sobre o bullying e a busca por ajuda para minimizar os impactos na saúde mental.

Resumo A disponibilidade de venda de alimentos no território pode influenciar no consumo alimentar da população. Entretanto, é importante compreender como as pessoas percebem o seu ambiente alimentar para se entender como essa disponibilidade afeta seu consumo em contextos distintos. O objetivo foi avaliar a percepção dos moradores de favelas brasileiras sobre o ambiente alimentar em suas vizinhanças. Estudo qualitativo, em que foram realizados grupos focais online guiados por um roteiro para reunir discursos coletivos sobre o acesso aos alimentos em favelas brasileiras. O convite ocorreu por meio das redes sociais e do contato com líderes comunitários e organizações não governamentais que atuam em favelas, por meio da técnica de amostragem “bola de neve”. Para a análise, foi utilizada a abordagem grounded theory (teoria fundamentada) e, como técnica, foi empregada a análise de redes temáticas. O acesso aos alimentos por moradores de favelas é permeado pela falta de recursos e elementos fundamentais para uma alimentação adequada e saudável, como: a falta de informação sobre alimentação; a renda insuficiente; e a baixa disponibilidade de estabelecimentos que comercializam alimentos saudáveis a preços acessíveis. São necessários programas e políticas públicas que incentivem a ampliação de equipamentos de segurança alimentar e nutricional, como hortas e feiras, e que aumentem a oferta de alimentos saudáveis com valores baixos nas favelas. Também são necessárias ações que abordem a complexidade das barreiras enfrentadas por moradores de favelas para ter acesso aos alimentos saudáveis.

Physical classification is the procedure adopted by the rice unloading, delivery, storage, and processing units for the commercial characterization of the quality of the grains. This step occurs mostly by the conventional method, which demands more time and specialized labor, and the results are subjective since the evaluation is visual. In order to make the operation faster, more accurate, and less dependent, non-destructive technologies and computational intelligence can be applied to characterize grain quality. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize and predict the quality of whole, processed rice grains, as well as classify any defects present. This was achieved by sampling from the upper and lower points of four silo dryers with capacities of up to 40,000 sacks. The grain samples had moisture contents of 16%, 17%, 18%, and 19% and were subjected to drying-aeration until reaching 12% moisture content (w.b.). Near-infrared spectroscopy technology and Machine Learning algorithm models (Artificial Neural Networks, decision tree algorithms Quinlan’s algorithm, Random Tree, REPTree, and Random Forest) were employed for this purpose. By analyzing Pearson’s correlation statistics, a strong negative correlation (R2 = 0.98) was found between moisture content and the yield of whole grains. Conversely, a strong positive correlation (R2 = 0.97) was observed between moisture content and classified physical defects across the various characterized physicochemical constituents. These findings indicate the effectiveness of near-infrared spectroscopy technology. The Random Tree model (RandT) successfully predicted the grain quality outcomes and is therefore recommended as the model of choice, obtained Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r = 0.96), mean absolute error (MAE = 0.017), and coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.92). The results obtained here reveal that the combination of near-infrared spectroscopy technology and Machine Learning algorithm models is an excellent non-destructive alternative to manual physical classification for characterizing the physicochemical quality of whole and defective rice grains.

ABSTRACT PURPOSE To describe and analyze the healthiness of formal and informal food establishments in bus terminals of the metropolitan region of the state of Rio de Janeiro. METHOD An audit was conducted in 156 formal and 127 informal food establishments located in 14 bus terminals of the five most populous cities of the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro. Proportions of types of establishments and means (95%CI) of food availability indicators in formal and informal settings were calculated. For the formal setting, prices, proportions of accepted payment methods, days and hours of operation, and food categories with displayed advertising were described. RESULTS The healthiness of food establishments in bus terminals was low (less than 36%). On average, ultra-processed food subgroups were 250% more available for purchase than fresh or minimally processed food. Purchasing food at these places was convenient because several forms of payment were available, and the opening hours of the establishments followed the peaks of movement. In addition, 73.3% of the advertising referred to ultra-processed drinks, and the cost-benefit of buying ultra-processed food was better than fresh or minimally processed food. CONCLUSION The food environment of bus terminals in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro promotes unhealthy eating. Regulatory public policies should focus on initiatives to limit the wide availability and advertising of ultra-processed food in spaces of great circulation of people.

Introduction: Although adequate sleep is important for health, it is regulated by the environment and susceptible to interpersonal and social factors. Inadequate duration and quality of sleep are associated with several diseases, and even an increased risk of death. Previous studies have shown that some demographic and socioeconomic characteristics evaluated in isolation are associated with sleep problems. The objective of this study was to simultaneously evaluate, through the identification of profiles, the relationships between demographic and socioeconomic characteristics and aspects of sleep. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in the period 2012–2014, with 13,039 participants from the ELSA-Brasil study. The following variables related to sleep were analyzed: sleep duration and deprivation, insomnia symptoms, daytime sleepiness, and the variables sex, age, race/color, marital status, body mass index, schooling, and per capita family income, using Multiple Correspondence Analysis. Results: In the Multiple Correspondence Analysis, the inertia of the first two dimensions was 66.5 %; the first dimension explained 48.9 % of the data variability and the second dimension 17.6 %. Sleep problems (short sleep duration, insomnia symptoms, sleep deprivation, and daytime sleepiness) were related to the female sex, self-declared race/color black and brown, age group between 51 and 59 years, high schooling, per capita family income ≤ 3 minimum wages, single status, and obesity. Conclusion: Short sleep duration, insomnia symptoms, sleep deprivation, and daytime sleepiness remained in the same group and were associated with characteristics related to greater socioeconomic vulnerability. Public health policies should focus care resources on the identified groups.

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate packaging for preserving the quality of soybean (Glycine max) seeds stored in different environments. The experiment design was completely randomized, in a factorial arrangment with six seed storage conditions: natural atmosphere (NA), laminated packaging atmosphere (LPA), modified atmosphere in polyethylene packaging (MAPP), refrigerated atmosphere in raffia packaging (RARP), refrigerated atmosphere in laminated packaging (RALP), and modified and refrigerated atmosphere in polyethylene packaging (MRAPP), with four storage times (zero, two, four, and six months). Storage time reduces the quality of soybean seeds after two months in all tested packaging. The germination of the soybean seeds was maintained in the following packaging: LPA, RARP, RALP, and MRAPP. LPA is the most efficient packaging for soybean seeds, which show the highest percentage of germination for the longest storage time, without requiring any modification or refrigeration of the atmospheric storage environment.

Abstract Objective: To describe the promotion of food and beverage and marketing strategies used by online food delivery services (OFDS) in a social media platform before and during the pandemic in Brazil. Design: Publicly available data were extracted from OFDS Instagram accounts. Posts published 6 months immediately before and after the first case of COVID-19 in Brazil were randomly sampled. Two independent authors coded the posts’ content. Food and beverage items featured in posts were classified according to the NOVA food system classification. Marketing strategies were coded according to protocols from previous studies. Setting: Top three OFDS Instagram accounts in Brazil. Participants: Posts published in the period studied (n 304). Results: During the pandemic, the proportion of posts featuring at least one food item decreased from 71·6 % to 40·2 %, and the proportion of ultra-processed foods decreased from 57·6 % to 27·9 %. Before the pandemic, the most widely used marketing strategies were branding elements (80·7 %), product imagery (unbranded) (48·9 %) and partnerships/sponsorship (35·2 %). While during the pandemic, branding elements (62·2 %) continued to be the most applied, but were followed by the use of videos/graphics interchange format/boomerangs (34·1 %) and corporate social responsibility (31·7 %). The most frequent COVID-19 marketing strategies were ‘social responsibility in the pandemic’ (30·5 %), ‘combatting the pandemic’ (28·0 %) and ‘accelerating digitalisation’ (20·7 %). Conclusions: OFDS advertisements on a social media platform placed less emphasis on food items, but improved the nutritional quality of foods and beverages featured in posts. A COVID-washing approach was highlighted, especially through the use of social responsibility marketing during the pandemic.

Abstract To control urban pests, especially cockroaches of the Periplaneta americana species, various pesticides have been developed that are increasingly potent and effective. However, the unrestrained application of pesticides has had negative consequences, such as the disappearance of some useful insect species and, consequently, the appearance of new pests, both in the countryside and cities. Due to the current scenario, it was necessary to search for new alternatives for the control of these insects. Among the species studied, Copaíba stood out. The oils were analyzed using GC-MS, b-caryophyllene and a-bergamotene being the predominant compounds. Repellency tests were performed with three different concentrations of C. officinalis and C. reticulata, 500 μg/mL, 250 μg/mL and 125 μg/mL, in triplicate. It can be observed that the oil of C. officinalis was more repellent to the nymphs at concentrations of 500 μg/mL and 250 μg/mL, however, when the behavior in nymphs exposed to the concentration of 125 μg/mL was compared, it was noted that C. reticulata oil was more repellent at this concentration. Copaifera has shown promising activity as a repellent against arthropods owing to the complex chemical composition of its oils.

In this study was correlate the effects of drying time and intermittence of paddy rice on the physical, physicochemical, and morphological quality of polished and brown rice using near-infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Rice grain batches from mechanized harvesting with moisture contents between 24 and 20% (w.b.) were immediately subjected to drying and intermittence (average temperature of the grain mass of 40 °C) for a time of 14 h (number of times that the product underwent the drying and intermittence processes). For each drying time, grain sampling was performed to evaluate the physical quality of paddy rice and the physicochemical and morphological quality of polished and brown rice. The accumulated drying time provided an increase in the temperature of the grain mass, altering the physicochemical and morphological quality of polished and brown rice. The intermittence process did not contribute for the quality of the polished rice.

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the isolated and combined effect of objective measures concerning neighborhood safety, food, and physical activity environments on students’ obesity. This is a cross-sectional study conducted with 9- and 10-year-old children enrolled in the municipal education network of a Brazilian metropolis. Environment objective measures comprised neighborhood unsafety (annual criminality and road traffic accident rates), availability of public parks and spaces for physical activity practicing, and index of establishments that predominantly sell ultra-processed food. Euclidean buffers of 1,000m around the children’s house were used as eligible geographic units. This study adopted the Principal Component Analysis and Generalized Estimation Equation models. Stratified analyses were conducted based on neighborhood unsafety and on child’s family income. In total, 717 students were assessed, 12.2% of them were children with obesity. The latent variable of the obesogenic environment (deduced by environment unsafety rates and the index of establishments that predominantly sell ultra-processed food) was a risk factor for obesity in children with lower socioeconomic levels (OR = 2.37; 95%CI: 1.06-5.19). Public parks and spaces for physical activity practicing were protective factors against childhood obesity only in locations recording the lowest environment unsafety rates (OR = 0.30; 95%CI: 0.09-0.94). Based on our findings, social conditions change the effect of the environment on childhood obesity, reinforcing the relevance of inter-sectoral policies and strategies against this condition.

Abstract Anticipating the harvest period of soybean crops can impact on the post-harvest processes. This study aimed to evaluate early soybean harvest associated drying and storage conditions on the physicochemical soybean quality using of mathematical modeling and multivariate analysis. The soybeans were harvested with a moisture content of 18 and 23% (d.b.) and subjected to drying in a continuous dryer at 80, 100, and 120 °C. The drying kinetics and volumetric shrinkage modeling were evaluated. Posteriorly, the soybean was stored at different packages and temperatures for 8 months to evaluate the physicochemical properties. After standardizing the variables, the data were submitted to cluster analysis. For this, we use Euclidean distance and Ward's hierarchical method. Then defining the groups, we constructed a graph containing the dispersion of the values of the variables and their respective Pearson correlations for each group. The mathematical models proved suitable to describe the drying kinetics. Besides, the effective diffusivity obtained was 4.9 × 10–10 m2 s−1 promoting a volumetric shrinkage of the grains and influencing the reduction of physicochemical quality. It was observed that soybean harvested at 23% moisture, dried at 80 °C, and stored at a temperature below 23 °C maintained its oil content (25.89%), crude protein (35.69%), and lipid acidity (5.54 mL). In addition, it is to note that these correlations' magnitude was substantially more remarkable for the treatments allocated to the G2 group. Furthermore, the electrical conductivity was negatively correlated with all the physicochemical variables evaluated. Besides this, the correlation between crude protein and oil yield was positive and of high magnitude, regardless of the group formed. In conclusion, the early harvest of soybeans reduced losses in the field and increased the grain flow on the storage units. The low-temperature drying and the use of packaging technology close to environmental temperatures conserved the grain quality.

IntroductionThe consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) is among the main risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This study aimed to estimate the financial costs of hospitalizations and procedures of high and medium complexity for NCDs attributable to the consumption of SSBs in the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) in 2019.MethodsThis ecological study used data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 and the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS). The attributable costs were estimated from the population-attributable fraction (PAF) and the costs in the treatment of chronic diseases [type 2 diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease (IHD)], stratified by sex, age group, level of complexity of treatment, and federative units.ResultsIn 2019, in Brazil, US$ 14,116,240.55 were the costs of hospitalizations and procedures of high and medium complexity in the treatment of NCDs attributable to the consumption of SSBs. These values were higher in males (US$ 8,469,265.14) and the southeast and southern regions, mainly in the state of São Paulo. However, when evaluating these results at a rate per 10,000 inhabitants, it was observed that the states of Paraná, Tocantins, and Roraima had higher costs per 10,000 inhabitants. Regarding the age groups, higher costs were observed in the older age groups.ConclusionThis study revealed the high financial impact of the NCDs treatment attributed to the consumption of SSBs in Brazil and the variability among Brazilian macro-regions. The results demonstrate the urgency and need for the expansion of policies to reduce the consumption of SSBs in Brazil with strategies that consider regional particularities.

Introdução: Evidências experimentais, assim como estudos clínicos, sugerem a redução da lesão cerebral e melhora do desfecho neurológico, em recém-nascidos com encefalopatia isquêmica hipóxica (EHI) submetidos à hipotermia terapêutica (HT). Objetivo: Verificar a potencialidade da terapia hipotérmica de encefalopatia hipóxico-isquêmica (EHI) na asfixia neonatal, com base em dados da literatura, comparando os benefícios entre o resfriamento seletivo da cabeça (RSC) e o resfriamento de corpo inteiro (RCI), visto que o uso de hipotermia terapêutica (HT) como tratamento padrão em recém-nascidos com EHI moderada ou grave tem sido amplamente adotada. Métodos: Foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados PubMed e SciELO de estudos em humanos, utilizando-se as palavras-chave “Therapeutic Hypothermia”, “Induced Hypothermia”, “Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy”, “selective head cooling”, “whole body cooling” e suas respectivas variáveis. Resultados: Foram selecionados 11 artigos para compor a revisão, após leitura detalhada. É consenso, a redução do risco de morte ou incapacidade aos 18 meses de vida nos neonatos com EHI moderado a grave, submetidos à HT através das técnicas de RCI ou RSC. Constatou-se diante dos estudos que não há diferença em termos de efeitos adversos entre os dois métodos. Quanto às alterações radiológicas, as lesões hipóxico-isquêmicas e incidência de convulsões após o resfriamento são mais frequentes com o RSC. Conclusão: Tanto RCI quanto o RSC demonstraram propriedades neuroprotetoras, embora o RCI proporcione uma área de proteção cerebral mais ampla. No entanto, não foram constatadas diferenças significativas entre os métodos quanto a efeitos adversos e a resultados benéficos em curto e longo prazo.

Abstract Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is responsible for high morbidity and mortality rates. Citral has been studied in the pharmaceutical industry and has shown antimicrobial activity. This study aimed to analyze the antimicrobial activity of citral in inhibiting biofilm formation and modulating virulence genes, with the ultimate goal of finding a strategy for treating infections caused by MRSA strains. Citral showed antimicrobial activity against MRSA isolates with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values between 5 mg/mL (0.5%) and 40 mg/mL (4%), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values between 10 mg/mL (1%) and 40 mg/mL (4%). The sub-inhibitory dose was 2.5 mg/mL (0.25%). Citral, in an antibiogram, modulated synergistically, antagonistically, or indifferent to the different antibiotics tested. Prior to evaluating the antibiofilm effects of citral, we classified the bacteria according to their biofilm production capacity. Citral showed greater efficacy in the initial stage, and there was a significant reduction in biofilm formation compared to the mature biofilm. qPCR was used to assess the modulation of virulence factor genes, and icaA underexpression was observed in isolates 20 and 48. For icaD, seg, and sei, an increase was observed in the expression of ATCC 33,591. No significant differences were found for eta and etb. Citral could be used as a supplement to conventional antibiotics for MRSA infections.

Abstract Background Effectively bridging the knowledge–policy gap to support the development of evidence-based policies that promote health and well-being remains a challenge for both the research and policy communities. Community-based system dynamics (CBSD) is a participatory modelling approach that aims to build stakeholders’ capacity to learn and address complex problems collaboratively. However, limited evidence is available about the contributions of CBSD to knowledge-generating and policy processes across sectors and policy spheres. In the context of a multi-country research project focused on creating an evidence base to inform urban health policies across Latin America, a series of CBSD workshops convened stakeholders from research, policy-making, and other backgrounds working in food and transportation systems. Diverse participants were selected aiming to incorporate multiple perspectives relevant to understanding complex urban systems linked to food and transportation. This study focuses on one of these workshops, whose avenue was São Paulo, Brazil, assembling country-based participants representing local, regional, national, and international institutions with multidisciplinary backgrounds linked to food and transportation systems. Objective The aim of this case study is to explore the perceived influence of one of these workshops on attendees’ understandings of food and transportation systems and their relationship to healthy urban environments, with attention to the role of the workshop in supporting knowledge to policy translation for urban health. Methods We conducted 18 semi-structured qualitative interviews with attendees one year after their participation in a CBSD workshop held in São Paulo, Brazil. A framework method approach was used to code participants’ responses and identify emerging themes. Results Participants reported that the workshop’s group model-building activities influenced their understanding of the knowledge–policy process as it relates to food and transport systems. Workshop contributed to participants’ (1) abilities to engage with multisectoral stakeholders, (2) construct a shared language and understanding of urban challenges, (3) improve understanding of the interconnectedness across food and transportation systems, (4) facilitate dialogue across sectors, and (5) apply a systems thinking approach within their sector and professional context. Participants continued to draw on the tools developed during the workshop, and to apply systems thinking to their research and policy-making activities. Conclusions CBSD may offer valuable opportunities to connect the research sector to the policy-making process. This possibility may contribute to knowledge to policy translation in the interconnection between the urban context, food and transportation systems, and health.

A demanda por carne bovina brasileira foi positiva há dois anos, marcada pelo aumento das exportações, principalmente de dois países asiáticos. A indústria de processamento de carne bovina pode estar se beneficiando dessa demanda, também consequência do covid-19, permitindo que seus valores de mercado subam. O presente estudo busca analisar ou comportar dois preços de ações de empresas de refrigeração de capital aberto no Brasil, JBS (JBSS3), Marfrig (MFRG3) e Minerva (BEEF3) em relação à taxa de câmbio dólar-real (USD-BRL) e anos dos preços das commodities: milho (CCM3) e boi gordo (BGIF3). A série histórica analisada de janeiro de 2015 a setembro de 2021, obtida no Brasil Bolsa Balcão, com 1628 observações para cada série histórica, totalizando 9.768 observações. Utilize ou Microsoft® Excel para determinar a cotação de cada série com o preço médio obtido para o preço mínimo e máximo por dia. Testes econométricos e o modelo SARIMA foram usados ​​para analisar as séries. O teste estatístico foi utilizado para analisar a correlação entre as várias variáveis ​​para verificar os comportamentos. Os resultados do teste Augmented Dickey-Fuller aparecem acima dos valores críticos, indicando que as séries não são estacionárias em função da tendência existente. Como correlações com BGIF3, CCMM3 e USD-BRL são positivas para MFRG3 e JBSS3. Quando você tiver dois gráficos para cima, os preços irão acompanhar o posterior ou posterior ou os preços do JBS (R2 = 0,87) e do MFRG (R2 = 0,63). Para BEEF3 não houve correlação.

Abstract Here we examined whether serum from obese patients could create a growth-enhancing microenvironment that alters gene expression in BRAF- and NRAS-mutated melanoma cell lines. SK-Mel-28 (BRAF-mutated) and Sk-Mel-147 (NRAS-mutated) cells were treated with pooled serum from 10 severely obese patients (BMI > 40 kg/m2), pooled serum from 6 healthy lean individuals (BMI = 18.5-24.9 kg/m2), or recombinant TNF-α. We found that obese patient serum enhanced migration capacity and increased NRAS expression levels in both BRAF- and NRAS-mutated melanoma cells. Although TNF-α is the major obesity-related cytokine and TNF-α levels were found to be increased in the serum of obese individuals, this cytokine made only a modest contribution to the migration capacity of melanoma cells. These results indicate that other components present in the serum of severely obese patients may be responsible for enhancing the migration capacity of melanoma cells. As TNF-α alone did not seem to significantly affect tumor cell behavior, anti-tumor strategies aimed at blocking TNF-α should be considered with caution in future studies, particularly when in vitro models are used as screening platforms for antitumor activity.

RESUMO O artigo objetivou descrever a evolução do número de ações judiciais com pedido de fornecimento de medicamentos no estado do Rio de Janeiro. Trata-se de pesquisa descritiva retrospectiva, realizada no banco de dados do Tribunal de Justiça, em que se descreve a evolução do número de ações judiciais no período 2010-2017. Os dados foram analisados segundo as variáveis: Município, Região de Saúde e porte populacional. Das 87 comarcas (em 84 municípios), 62 tiveram aumento nos números de processos. A Comarca da Capital concentrou o maior número de processos tombados, variando de 2.026 a 2.797, com padrão semelhante ao do Estado. Observou-se o maior aumento no número de ações nos municípios de Pequeno Porte I (158,1%) e queda de 10,2% nos municípios de Médio Porte. À exceção da Metrópole, o aumento foi mais pronunciado em 2014-2017 em relação a 2010-2014. Houve marcado aumento de processos no Juizado Especial Fazendário em detrimento das Varas de Fazenda Pública. Conclui-se que a despeito da tendência geral de crescimento, este apresentou tendência diferente em função da Comarca, da Região e do porte populacional dos municípios, sugerindo potencial interferência de atores institucionais. Adicionalmente, constatou-se a migração das demandas para os Juizados Especiais Fazendários na Capital.

Researchers are developing digital solutions for agriculture. Humanity has perfected agriculture throughout history because this activity is fundamental to our existence. The agricultural sector is currently incorporating new technologies from other areas. This phenomenon is agriculture 4.0. However, a challenge to research is the integration of technologies from different knowledge fields, and this has caused theoretical and practical difficulties. Thus, our purpose with this study has been to understand the core agriculture 4.0 research themes. We have used a bibliometric analysis, and guided the data collection by the PRISMA protocol. VosViewer and Bibliometrix software generated the results. We found two main research fronts, one focussed on agriculture 4.0 development, and another on the impacts of agriculture 4.0, which may be positive or negative. We found 21 main keywords or topics researched in agriculture 4.0 related to these research fronts. These themes are within five different axes. We managed to establish a good understanding of the topics around agriculture 4.0. Future studies could focus on the responsible development of digital solutions for agriculture. This is because the social, environmental, and economic impacts of these new solutions may be positive or negative. We conclude that digital agriculture is the node technologies integration for the automation of agricultural activities.

This study sought to analyze the effect of work-to-family conflict (demands from work that affect one’s family/personal life), family-to-work conflict (demands from family/personal life that affect work), and lack of time for self-care and leisure due to professional and domestic demands on the incidence of weight gain and increase in waist circumference by gender in the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). Our study included 9,159 ELSA-Brasil participants (4,413 men and 4,746 women) who attended baseline (2008-2010) and the first follow-up visit (2012-2014). Weight gain and increase in waist circumference were defined as an annual increase ≥ 75th percentile, i.e., ≥ 1.21kg/year and ≥ 1.75cm/year, respectively for women; and ≥ 0.96kg/year and ≥ 1.41cm/year respectively for men. Associations were estimated by Poisson regression applying robust variance with the R software. Analyses were stratified by gender and adjusted for socioeconomic variables. Adjusted models showed a higher risk of weight gain among women who reported family-to-work conflict frequently and sometimes (relative risk - RR = 1.37 and RR = 1.15, respectively) and among those who reported frequent lack of time for self-care and leisure (RR = 1.13). Among men, time-based work-to-family conflict (RR = 1.17) and strain-based work-to-family conflict (RR = 1.24) were associated with weight gain. No associations were observed between work-family conflict domains and increase in waist circumference. These findings suggest that occupational and social health promotion programs are essential to help workers balance work and family life to reduce weight gain.

Abstract: Correctly recognizing gender identity in population-based surveys is essential to develop effective public health strategies to improve the living conditions of transgender and gender-diverse populations, as well as to adequately collect data on cisgender individuals. This study aims to present the two-step measure as the best strategy for assessing gender identity in Brazilian surveys, thus we performed two separate analyses. Firstly, we conducted a systematic review concerning HIV-related care among Brazilian transgender and gender-diverse populations to assess the strategy used to identify participants’ gender identity. Secondly, we re-analyzed data from a recent survey that included Brazilian transgender populations, comparing characteristics and health outcomes from the sample identified by single-item and by the two-step measure. Concerning the systematic review, from 6,585 references, Brazilian research teams published seven articles, and only one study used the two-step measure. Regarding this survey, the two-step measure recognized 567 cisgender and 773 transgender and gender diverse participants among the 1,340 participants who answered the questionnaire, whereas the single-item measure was able to recognize only 540 transgender and gender diverse people. Furthermore, 31 transgender women self-identified as “transgender men” on the single-item measure. Therefore, although scarcely used in Brazil, the two-step measure is a more accurate strategy to recognize gender identity.

The analgesic specificity of navicular bursa (NB) anesthetic infiltration is still questionable. The study aimed to determine the mechanical nociceptive threshold of non-specific analgesia in the dorsal lamellar stratum, as well as in the sole, coronary band, and heel bulbs of the hoof, after navicular bursa anesthetic infiltration. Six healthy horses with no clinical or radiographic changes of the digits and no communication between the NB and the distal interphalangeal joint, were used. After random selection, the NB of one of the forelimbs was infiltrated with 2% lidocaine and the contralateral one with lactated ringer’s solution. Contrast was added to confirm radiographic infiltration. The mechanical nociceptive threshold was determined using a portable pressure dynamometer, before and at various times after the infiltration, in 10 points of the hoof. The effects of time and treatment were verified by ANOVA (P0.05) in all regions evaluated. However, in one of the six hooves that receives lidocaine, complete absence of response to the painful stimulus (maximum force of 6 Kg over an area of 38.46 mm2, for a maximum of 4 seconds) was observed in the dorsal lamellae between 30 and 60 min after infiltration. In conclusion, lidocaine infiltration of NB did not promote significant increases in the nociceptive threshold of the sole, coronary band, bulbs of the heel and dorsal lamellae clinically healthy horses. However, the occurrence of analgesia in one of the six hooves subjected to NB anesthesia indicates that the technique may not be fully specific in few horses.

Information technologies such as blockchain are developing fast, overcoming bottlenecks, and quickly taking advantage of their application. The present study analyzes recent changes concerning the benefits, disadvantages, challenges, and opportunities of blockchain applications in agribusiness. Interviews were conducted with and a questionnaire was applied to professionals working in the development and application of blockchain technology in agribusiness, to compare their perception of the recent advances. The results showed that the importance of blockchain technology to improve governance and information flow along supply chains has increased, and this is the main perceived benefit. The main disadvantages were removing intermediaries and the high cost of implementing the technology. The absence of a widely accepted platform in blockchain operations is the leading and growing challenge, while patterns for blockchain technology seem to be being overcome. The integration of blockchain with new technologies, and the competitiveness provided by the technology, are seen as the main and growing opportunities. Despite the study limitations, we conclude that the benefits and opportunities associated with blockchain application in agribusiness outweigh the challenges and disadvantages in number and importance, and are becoming more relevant.

Agriculture can benefit from the biotechnological use of animal venom biodiversity. We explored the patent database to find the prevailing applications of scorpion, snake, spider, bee, and wasp venoms for agricultural purposes. We searched for patents registered worldwide using the keywords “animal species” AND “venom” associated with the Cooperative Patent Classification (CPC) subclasses, based on Google Patents by November 2020. The results indicate an increasing frequency in patents related to animal venoms. Scorpion, snake, and wasp appeared most frequently, besides other species. The inventors concentrate on two subclasses, namely new plant varieties development (A01H) and biopesticides (A01N). Monsanto and other giant agricultural and biotechnology companies lead the list in the number of patents. New varieties of crops, like soybean, corn, cotton, rice, and wheat, are the most frequent inventions. The benefits of using natural venoms in insect-resistant plant varieties and biopesticides are pertinent to agriculture, the environment, and human health.

Abstract: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the association between social position and anthropometric status in women and men Brazilian adult. This was a cross-sectional study that used baseline data collected from 2008 to 2010 for the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil, in Portuguese), in the six major Brazilian state capital cities. A total of 15,105 active and retired civil servants aged from 35 to 74 years. Two latent variables were defined by latent class analysis, social position and anthropometric status. Both constructs and the analyses were separately evaluated by sex. Associations were assessed using multivariate logistic regression analysis with adjustment for age, self-reported skin color/race, and marital status. Around 44% of the women and 26% of the men were classified as overweight or obese. Social position tended to be lower in women (43.2%) and higher among men (40.4%). Heavier women were more likely to be black and brown-skinned, whereas slimmer women were more likely to be white. After adjustment, women’s weight increased as social position decreased (OR = 1.52; 95%CI: 1.36-1.70), whereas in men weight decreased as social position decreased (OR = 0.87; 95%CI: 0.76-0.99). Social position affected the anthropometric status of women and men differently, with body patterns also being affected by ethnicity/skin color, showing the potentiality of taking the intersectional perspective when investigating the possible social determinants of the phenomenon.

Este volume da PARC fecha um ciclo de 15 anos do periódico disseminando contribuições científicas nacionais, com interações internacionais. Neste período podemos constatar que a PARC divulgou resultados de pesquisas advindas da grande maioria dos programas de pós-graduação brasileiros das áreas de Arquitetura e da Construção Civil, fato que demonstra o reconhecimento da PARC pela comunidade científica, respaldado pela CAPES, por meio de sua qualificação. O periódico constantemente busca inovar na forma de avaliação dos manuscritos submetidos e no diálogo com os autores e avaliadores. A equipe editorial pratica e promove a ética em pesquisa. Agradecemos a centena de colegas envolvidos anualmente no processo de avaliação dos manuscritos. Seguimos lutando em prol do desenvolvimento da ciência brasileira.

Resumo Objetivo Analisar a concordância/discrepância entre autoimagem corporal e classificação do índice de massa corporal (IMC), segundo tipo de alimentação e influências do ambiente. Métodos Análise transversal de 195 crianças pré-púberes (≥5 anos), atendidas na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. O IMC foi classificado conforme escore-z. Avaliou-se a autoimagem pela escala de silhuetas para crianças. Estimou-se a associação entre as covariáveis e subestimação/superestimação do IMC em relação à autoimagem, em modelo multinomial. Resultados Crianças com sobrepeso subestimaram seu IMC, em comparação com a autoimagem, em maior proporção (58,6%) que aquelas com obesidade (22,0%) ou com eutrofia (49,0%). Essa dissociação correlacionou-se com a participação no programa de transferência de renda (RC=2,01 - IC95% 1,04;3,90) e com o consumo diário de alimentos açucarados (RC=3,88 - IC95% 1,05;14,39). Conclusão A subestimação do IMC entre as crianças com excesso de peso deve ser considerada pela APS, visando aperfeiçoar as práticas de intervenção.

Listas dos avaliadores que contribuíram com a PARC no ano de 2020.

O ano de 2020 pode ser visto como um dos mais complexos que se passaram no século XXI e expôs à comunidade científica desafios inéditos de escala global. Dentro do escopo da arquitetura e urbanismo, isso foi sentido de modo amplo, desde novas demandas de combate crônico ao contágio, até a construção de um senso de urgência acerca de cidades mais igualitárias que sejam mais resilientes às transformações ambientais do futuro. Isolados em casas, entretanto, os pesquisadores continuaram a se dedicar aos estudos da disciplina. Essa edição é testemunho desse esforço, feito em tempos difíceis. Nesse volume, as seções de Artigos, Revisões Sistemáticas da Literatura e Comunicações abrangeram as temáticas de arquitetura computacional, conforto ambiental, eficiência energética, sustentabilidade, modelagem da informação na construção, segurança e processos construtivos. Em especial, a seção de Dossiê discute passado, presente e futuro da arquitetura no Brasil sob o prisma teórico

Introdução: Em crianças e adolescentes foi caracterizada a Síndrome Inflamatória Multissistêmica Pediátrica (SIM-P) associada à COVID- 19. Tal condição resulta em vasculite de médios e pequenos vasos e apresentações clínicas similares ao que ocorre na doença de Kawasaki (DK) classicamente descrita. Objetivo: caracterizar e comparar as manifestações da SIM-P relacionadas à clássica DK, buscando compreender se são entidades distintas ou se são partes de um mesmo espectro. Material e métodos: Foi realizada uma busca na base de dados PubMed de estudos em humanos, publicados no ano de 2020, utilizando-se as palavras chave “COVID-19”, “doença pelo Coronavírus 19”, “infecção pelo SARS-CoV-2”, “Síndrome de Kawasaki” e “Doença de Kawasaki”, sendo suas respectivas variáveis consultadas no Medical Subject Heading (MeSH). Foram encontrados 144 artigos e após a aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade, cinco estudos observacionais foram selecionados para a síntese da revisão. Resultados: Dentre os estudos selecionados com base nos critérios de inclusão, 239 pacientes pediátricos foram avaliados. Constatou-se uma faixa etária mais avançada acometida pela SIM-P quando comparada à apresentação clássica da DK. O envolvimento gastrointestinal e a evolução mais grave no que diz respeito a achados ecocardiográficos, além da necessidade de uma segunda linha terapêutica foram marcantes. Por fim, observou-se, a nível laboratorial, uma exuberância de alterações inflamatórias nos pacientes acometidos pela SIM-P em relação aos avaliados com DK fora da conjuntura da epidemia da COVID-19. Conclusão: Sugere-se que uma doença inflamatória multissistêmica semelhante à DK esteja associada à infecção por SARS-CoV-2. Ainda não se conhece as consequências da SIM-P a longo prazo, sendo necessária a realização de estudos que elucidem aspectos diagnósticos, prognósticos e terapêuticos.

O Diabetes Mellitus (DM) afeta 415 milhões de indivíduos no mundo e 14,3 milhões no Brasil. Sabe-se que alimentos ricos em fibras alimentares têm papel fundamental no controle da glicemia sanguínea. Avaliar a influência do conhecimento sobre a importância da ingestão de fibras e sua frequência de consumo no controle do DM. A população foi composta por diabéticos tipo 2 que frequentam uma Unidade de Saúde Escola de Itajaí/SC. A coleta de dados foi realizada por entrevista contendo questões referentes às características socioeconômicas, conhecimentos e frequência de consumo de fibras. O controle do DM foi avaliado através da Hemoglobina Glicada (HbA1c). A população constituiu-se de 22 pessoas, sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (n=15; 68%), com idade média de 60 (±9,3) anos, e com no máximo 9 (±3,4) anos de estudo. A média de consumo semanal de legumes e saladas foi de oito porções (± 4,5), enquanto as frutas foram citadas em 14 vezes na semana e os cereais integrais, sete vezes. Quando questionados sobre a capacidade das fibras de prevenir e tratar o diabetes, 86% (n=19) dos pacientes concordaram com a afirmação. Encontrou-se tempo médio de diagnóstico de 9 (± 7) anos e média de HbA1c de 8% (± 2). Observou-se conhecimento insuficiente a respeito de fibras alimentares, mesmo sabendo da importância de consumi-las adequadamente, visto que a ingestão de legumes e saladas, de frutas e de cereais integrais foi avaliada como insuficiente, podendo tal fato estar relacionado com renda, ausência de cuidado com a saúde e tempo de diagnóstico.

O presente artigo recapitula o questionamento trazido no livro “Pode um Subalterno falar?”, da autora indiana Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, propondo-se a contextualizar as pergunta às representações das realidades de mulheres negras na capoeira angola. No livro, Spivak questiona como a leitura de mundo é feita a partir de concepções neocoloniais e lança o questionamento sobre os subalternos terem oportunidade a fala dentro deste processo. Nesse caso, faço outro questionamento: se as mulheres pretas, que são socialmente construídas como subalternas, podem gingar. Dessa forma, o objetivo é mostrar que embora essas trajetórias venham sendo silenciadas pelos aparatos coloniais, a linguagem corporal de capoeiristas angoleiras pretas seguem reescrevendo epistemologias que transgridem essa lógica. Assim, através da escrevivência e revisão de literaturas, podemos refletir sobre a importância do empoderamento através da capoeira angola.

Prostate cancer is the second most common type of cancer among men, being considered a cancer of the elderly because about three quarters of cases worldwide occur in individuals aged 65 and over. Anxiety, depression and stress are three emotional states understood as psychological morbidity factors, and they interfere with the patient's adaptation to the diagnosis. The present study aimed to identify anxiety, depression and stress levels in men with prostate cancer, describing sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and investigating whether the influence of such characteristics on the emotional symptoms of patients is significant. Cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach performed in two public hospitals with patients preoperatively for prostatectomy. Two instruments were used, one covering sociodemographic and clinical aspects of the patients, and the other was the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21)-Short Form. In the statistical analysis, the Pearson correlation test and the Mann-Whitney U test were used to evaluate the variables of interest, considering the significance level of 0.05. As a preliminary study, 31 patients were interviewed. The results indicated a predominant age of 60 years or older (72.4%), 71% of men had low level of education, and 51.6% did not have partner. The mean scores obtained in the DASS-21 were 2.84 (SD = 3.925) for depression; 3.68 (SD = 3.655) for anxiety; and 6.71 (SD = 6.92) for stress. The results revealed no significant correlation between these constructs and the variables of interest. However, a descriptive analysis of the data showed a minimal correlation of anxiety (r = 0.191) and stress (r = 0.149) with the numerical variable time since diagnosis. In conclusion, the results presented important questions related to prostate cancer diagnosis, involving patients' marital status, religion and cancer staging.

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar os fatores associados à tentativa de suicídio por pessoas com transtorno mental. Método: estudo observacional e transversal realizado com 300 pessoas com transtorno mental em tratamento em dois Centros de Atenção Psicossocial II de Curitiba-PR no período de abril a junho de 2014. Foram realizadas análises descritivas, univariadas e multivariadas, empregando a regressão logística. Resultados: a prevalência de histórico de tentativa de suicídio foi de 67,7%, com associação significante na análise multivariada, entre as pessoas do “sexo feminino” (p=0,004), com “escolaridade entre zero e oito anos” (p=0,016), com “escolaridade entre nove e 12 anos” (p=0,013), com “percepção da saúde como ruim e regular” (p=

O terceiro setor trata de questões voltadas ao bem-estar social, remediando lacunas da sociedade não abrangidas pelos setores público ou privado e, nesta conjectura, entende-se a Associação Patas Dadas como uma organização engajada em combater o desamparo animal. Frente à relevância dos serviços prestados pela entidade, este estudo analisa o ponto de equilíbrio contábil da Associação Patas Dadas. Haja vista que a entidade não visa o lucro, o objetivo deste estudo compreende identificar o ponto de equivalência financeira da instituição, na qual não implicaria em superávit ou déficit. Quanto aos procedimentos metodológicos, esta pesquisa é classificada como um estudo de caso qualitativo e descritivo, sendo utilizadas técnicas de observação, bem como consultas aos sistemas de controle fornecidos pela entidade. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a entidade operou em déficit nos anos de 2015 e 2016 e, para atingir o ponto de equilíbrio, entende-se que é necessário minimizar seus custos variáveis ou ampliar suas arrecadações. Sendo assim, averiguou-se que, devido às facilidades do uso da internet e às repercussões positivas que esta provoca, potencializa a arrecadação da entidade por meio de doações via internet, as chamadas vaquinhas online, mostra-se uma solução viável para a desigualdade econômica da Associação.

The aim of this study is to analyze the broad interpretation of the rule present in article 103 of the Brazilian Federal Constitution (CF), specifically in section IX, which in its entirety provides an exhaustive list that gives legitimacy to the use of the Direct Action of Unconstitutionality. In this context, which raises doubts to the practicality of having access to courts – specifically for those who have substantial interest in the matter – the claim of the IBDFAM (Brazilian Institute of Family Law), a fair provocation of the Supreme Court, raises the question whether the taxation of child support is income tax and if its practice is unconstitutional. Moreover, seeking the core of the tribute in question, the fact of which is that the increase of equity, or acquisition of the economic or legal availability of income and earnings of any nature, does not prove correct in violating the dignity of those who provide and receive child support. Therefore, this discussion has general repercussions that can affect significantly the Brazilian populace. As can be seen, the inspiration for this work comes from the recent ADI IBDFAM filing, dated November 25, 2015, an opportunity, which set in motion this discussion, as it covered the procedural aspect of the parts’ legitimacy, since it is discussed whether the IBDFAM is considered a class entity of national scope, thusly fulfilling the requirement of art. 2, IX, of Law 9,868 of 1999, and consequently article 103 of the CF. In this chain, IBDFAM was inspired by the IDECON (Consumer Law Institute), which filed the ADI n. 5291 that seeks consumer claims and argues for active legitimacy, with a view to its representativeness at the national level.

The aim of the study was to investigate the acute effects of passive static stretching (PSS) on the fascicle length (FL) and fascicle angle (FA) of the vastus lateralis muscle (VL) in two different joint positions. Twelve physically active men (26.9 ± 7.5 years, 178.6 ± 7.0 cm, and 82.5 ± 16.8 kg) were placed in the prone position for the acquisition of ultrasound images (US) of VL, registered with extended and totally flexed knee up to the heel contact with the gluteus, before and after a PSS routine comprised of three 30-s repetitions maintained in the maximal discomfort position as reported by the participant. Results of the paired t-test indicated an increase in FL (16.2%; p = 0.012) and reduction in FA (15.5%; p = 0.003) in pre vs. post stretching comparisons for the extended knee position. There was also a significant increase in FL (34%; p = 0.0001) and reduction in FA (25%; p = 0.0007) when compared the extended knee vs. flexed knee positions. There were no significant differences in muscle architecture variables for the flexed knee position. The results showed high and moderate correlation of FL and FA for the extended (r = -0.89 and r = -0.74) and flexed knee (r = -0.76 and r = -0.78) position, pre and post stretching, respectively. It was concluded that the static stretching acutely affects the vastus lateralis muscle architecture only in the extended knee position, but not in the flexed knee position.

Pesquisa qualitativa descritiva realizada em 2010 num hospital especializado em psiquiatria do Paraná. Objetivo: Verificar as mudanças ocorridas na prática profissional decorrentes da Reforma Psiquiátrica na visão da equipe de enfermagem. Métodos: Participaram da pesquisa 15 profissionais de enfermagem. Os dados foram obtidos mediante entrevista semiestruturada e os resultados organizados em categorias temáticas. Resultados: Obteve-se que os sujeitos perceberam mudanças na organização da assistência e no modo de assistir a pessoa com transtorno mental, a importância da equipe multiprofissional nesse processo e a transformação do papel da equipe de Enfermagem e do enfermeiro frente às novas formas de tratamento surgidas. Conclusão:Há avanços decorrentes da Reforma e que estes interferem diretamente na formação e atuação das equipes de Enfermagem gerando a necessidade de preparo e capacitação destes profissionais.

This study aimed to evaluate the quality of seeds of RR and RR2 PRO soybean cultivars stored in ambient air with raffia packaging (ANER), ambient air with laminated packaging (ANEL), modified atmosphere with polyethylene packaging (AMEP), refrigerated atmosphere (1 to 3°C) with raffia packaging (ARER), refrigerated atmosphere (1 to 3°C) with laminated packaging (AREL), and modified (-14 PSI) and refrigerated (1 to 3°C) atmosphere with polyethylene packaging (AMREP), over 6 months of storage. Results showed that the seeds of cultivar RR2 were preserved with better physiological quality. Raffia and polyethylene packaging under natural storage conditions, in a refrigerated and modified atmosphere, did not preserve the seed quality over the storage period. The conditions of storage in ambient air with laminated packaging (ANEL) and in a refrigerated atmosphere with laminated packaging (AREL) reduced the environmental effects of temperature and relative humidity, leading to better results of physiological quality of the seeds. Storage time negatively influenced the physiological quality of seeds, except for AREL and ANEL, which maintained the quality close to that of the initial conditions, over the 6 months of storage. The best alternatives for soybean seeds storage over 6 months are the laminated packaging in a natural environment, matching the refrigerated conditions. The technological laminated packaging can be used as a new alternative for conserving soybean seeds in processing and storage units.