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Trojnar Marcin, Kimber-Trojnar Żaneta, Leszczyńska-Gorzelak Bożena. Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 5 in Serum and Urine of Post-Partum Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2019;9(4):140-152. eISNN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2622396 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/6783 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/sedno-webapp/works/909629 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part B item 1223 (26/01/2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eISSN 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2019; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.03.2019. Revised: 25.03.2019. Accepted: 03.04.2019. Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 5 in Serum and Urine of Post-Partum Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Marcin Trojnar 1*, Żaneta Kimber-Trojnar2, Bożena Leszczyńska-Gorzelak2 1 Chair and Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 20-081, Poland; 2 Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 20-090, Poland; * Correspondence: marcin.trojnar@umlub.pl Abstract Secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5) is a newly identified member of the SFRP family produced by the adipose tissue which can act as an anti-inflammatory adipokine. The aim of the study was to assess SFRP5 levels in the serum and urine of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the early post-partum period with reference to their laboratory test results, body composition and hydration status. The study subjects included two groups: 22 GDM patients and 24 healthy controls. Maternal body composition and hydration status were evaluated by the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) method. The serum and urine SFRP5, leptin and ghrelin concentrations were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). No significant differences were observed between the GDM and healthy groups with regard to the serum and urine SFRP5 concentrations. In the GDM group serum and urine SFRP5 levels correlated positively. The serum SFRP5 concentrations correlated negatively with hemoglobin A1c (HgbA1c) and leptin serum levels in the controls. In the control and GDM groups the serum and urine SFRP5 levels correlated negatively with the serum ghrelin levels. It appears that ghrelin as well as SFRP5 could influence the metabolic homeostasis 48 hours after delivery. A significant correlation between concentrations of SFRP5 in the serum and urine seems to suggest that urine sampling may represent an alternative to the current standard of management i.e. blood sampling. Further research in this field is required. Keywords: adipokines; secreted frizzled-related protein 5; leptin; gestational diabetes mellitus; bioelectrical impedance analysis; body composition; hydration status

Kimber-Trojnar Żaneta, Patro-Małysza Jolanta, Leszczyńska-Gorzelak Bożena. SFRP5-leptin ratio as a promising index in post-partum women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2019;9(3):40-47. eISNN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2583748 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/6643 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/sedno-webapp/works/906628 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part b item 1223 (26/01/2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eissn 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2019; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.02.2019. Revised: 15.02.2019. Accepted: 05.03.2019. SFRP5-leptin ratio as a promising index in post-partum women with gestational diabetes mellitus Żaneta Kimber-Trojnar, Jolanta Patro-Małysza, Bożena Leszczyńska-Gorzelak MD PhD Żaneta Kimber-Trojnar; zkimber@poczta.onet.pl; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7295-0409 MDPhD Jolanta Patro-Małysza; jolapatro@wp.pl; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4118-7698 Prof.Bożena Leszczyńska-Gorzelak; b.leszczynska@umlub.pl; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0221-1982 Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has often been referred to as the “marker” for the development of diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular diseases in future lives of women. In the current literature the adiponectin-leptin ratio is presented as a valuable index to estimate adipose tissue dysfunction. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to investigate the significance of a novel parameter, i.e. the ratio of serum concentration of secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5) to that of leptin in the early post-partum period. The associations between SFRP5/leptin ratio and maternal laboratory test results, body composition and hydration status were also assessed. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 26 mothers diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and 28 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Body composition and hydration status of the patients were evaluated with the use of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) method. The serum concentrations of SFRP5, leptin, fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) and ghrelin were determined via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: SFRP5/leptin ratio was lower in the GDM mothers in comparison to that of the control group. There were positive correlations between SFRP5/leptin ratio and total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) levels. The SFRP5/leptin ratio correlated negatively with total body water (TBW) and extracellular water (ECW). CONCLUSIONS: The SFRP5/leptin ratio appears to be a promising index for evaluating of metabolic disturbances in mothers with a history of GDM. Keywords: adipokines, secreted frizzled-related protein 5, leptin, bioelectrical impedance analysis, gestational diabetes mellitus

Trojnar Marcin, Patro-Małysza Jolanta, Leszczyńska-Gorzelak Bożena. Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 4 Serum/Urine Gradient of Post-Partum Women with Metabolic Disturbances. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2019;9(3):77-84. eISNN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2586509 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/6653 The journal has had 7 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. Part b item 1223 (26/01/2017). 1223 Journal of Education, Health and Sport eissn 2391-8306 7 © The Authors 2019; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 15.02.2019. Revised: 15.02.2019. Accepted: 07.03.2019. Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 4 Serum/Urine Gradient of Post-Partum Women with Metabolic Disturbances Marcin Trojnar1, Jolanta Patro-Małysza2, Bożena Leszczyńska-Gorzelak2 1 Chair and Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 20-081, Poland 2 Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Perinatology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin 20-090, Poland Abstract: Among novel adipokines fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) seems to be one of the most promising predictors of long-term metabolic pregnancy complications. The aim of the study was to evaluate FABP4 serum/urine gradients which are quotients of the serum FABP4 concentrations to the urine in women with excessive gestational weight gain (EGWG) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the early post-partum period, with reference to their laboratory test results, body composition and hydration status. The study subjects were divided into three groups: 24 mothers with EGWG, 22 GDM patients and 24 healthy controls. Maternal body composition and hydration status were evaluated by the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) method. Concentrations of FABP4, leptin, and ghrelin were determined via ELISA. The FABP4 serum/urine gradients were comparable in the three studied groups. This parameter was positively associated with the serum FABP4 level only in the control group, whereas it was highly negatively related to the urine FABP4 concentrations in all the three studied groups. We found positive correlations between the FABP4 serum/urine gradients with albumin and LDL concentrations but only in the healthy controls. No correlation was found between the FABP4 serum/urine gradient and biochemical results in the EGWG and GDM groups. The FABP4 serum/urine gradient positively correlated with all the studied BIA variables with the exception of extracellular water (ECW) in the healthy group. The EGWG group was characterized by positive correlations between the FABP4 serum/urine gradient and lean tissue index as well as negative correlations with ECW. No correlations were observed between this parameter and BIA findings in the GDM group. Our results seem to confirm that further studies should not be limited to evaluation of serum FABP4 levels only. Keywords: adipokines, fatty acid binding protein 4, gestational diabetes mellitus; excessive gestational weight gain, bioelectrical impedance analysis; body composition; hydration status