Author: "Lesko KT" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Lesko KT"' showing total 266 results

Start Over Author "Lesko KT"

266 results on '"Lesko KT"'

1. First constraints on WIMP-nucleon effective field theory couplings in an extended energy region from LUX-ZEPLIN

Author: Aalbers, J, Akerib, DS, Al Musalhi, AK, Alder, F, Amarasinghe, CS, Ames, A, Anderson, TJ, Angelides, N, Araújo, HM, Armstrong, JE, Arthurs, M, Baker, A, Balashov, S, Bang, J, Bargemann, JW, Baxter, A, Beattie, K, Benson, T, Bhatti, A, Biekert, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Birch, HJ, Bishop, E, Blockinger, GM, Boxer, B, Brew, CAJ, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Buuck, M, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Carter, M, Chawla, A, Chen, H, Cherwinka, JJ, Chott, NI, Converse, MV, Cottle, A, Cox, G, Curran, D, Dahl, CE, David, A, Delgaudio, J, Dey, S, de Viveiros, L, Ding, C, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Eriksen, SR, Fan, A, Fearon, NM, Fiorucci, S, Flaecher, H, Fraser, ED, Fruth, TMA, Gaitskell, RJ, Geffre, A, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gibbons, R, Gokhale, S, Green, J, van der Grinten, MGD, Hall, CR, Han, S, Hartigan-O’Connor, E, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hernandez, MA, Hertel, SA, Heuermann, G, Homenides, GJ, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Hunt, D, Ignarra, CM, Jacquet, E, James, RS, Johnson, J, Kaboth, AC, Kamaha, AC, Khaitan, D, Khazov, A, Khurana, I, Kim, J, Kingston, J, Kirk, R, Kodroff, D, Korley, L, Korolkova, EV, Kraus, H, Kravitz, S, Kreczko, L, Krikler, B, Kudryavtsev, VA, Lee, J, Leonard, DS, Lesko, KT, Levy, C, Lin, J, Lindote, A, and Linehan, R
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Affordable and Clean Energy
Abstract: Following the first science results of the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment, a dual-phase xenon time projection chamber operating from the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota, USA, we report the initial limits on a model-independent nonrelativistic effective field theory describing the complete set of possible interactions of a weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) with a nucleon. These results utilize the same 5.5 t fiducial mass and 60 live days of exposure collected for the LZ spin-independent and spin-dependent analyses while extending the upper limit of the energy region of interest by a factor of 7.5 to 270 keV. No significant excess in this high energy region is observed. Using a profile-likelihood ratio analysis, we report 90% confidence level exclusion limits on the coupling of each individual nonrelativistic WIMP-nucleon operator for both elastic and inelastic interactions in the isoscalar and isovector bases.
Published: 2024

2. Search for new physics in low-energy electron recoils from the first LZ exposure

Author: Aalbers, J, Akerib, DS, Al Musalhi, AK, Alder, F, Amarasinghe, CS, Ames, A, Anderson, TJ, Angelides, N, Araújo, HM, Armstrong, JE, Arthurs, M, Baker, A, Balashov, S, Bang, J, Bargemann, JW, Baxter, A, Beattie, K, Beltrame, P, Benson, T, Bhatti, A, Biekert, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Birch, HJ, Blockinger, GM, Boxer, B, Brew, CAJ, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Buuck, M, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chawla, A, Chen, H, Cherwinka, JJ, Chott, NI, Converse, MV, Cottle, A, Cox, G, Curran, D, Dahl, CE, David, A, Delgaudio, J, Dey, S, de Viveiros, L, Ding, C, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Eriksen, SR, Fan, A, Fearon, NM, Fiorucci, S, Flaecher, H, Fraser, ED, Fruth, TMA, Gaitskell, RJ, Geffre, A, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gibbons, R, Gokhale, S, Green, J, van der Grinten, MGD, Hall, CR, Han, S, Hartigan-O’Connor, E, Haselschwardt, SJ, Huang, DQ, Hertel, SA, Heuermann, G, Horn, M, Hunt, D, Ignarra, CM, Jahangir, O, James, RS, Johnson, J, Kaboth, AC, Kamaha, AC, Khaitan, D, Khazov, A, Khurana, I, Kim, J, Kingston, J, Kirk, R, Kodroff, D, Korley, L, Korolkova, EV, Kraus, H, Kravitz, S, Kreczko, L, Krikler, B, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, EA, Lee, J, Leonard, DS, Lesko, KT, Levy, C, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Linehan, R, and Lippincott, WH
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences
Abstract: The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment is a dark matter detector centered on a dual-phase xenon time projection chamber. We report searches for new physics appearing through few-keV-scale electron recoils, using the experiment's first exposure of 60 live days and a fiducial mass of 5.5 t. The data are found to be consistent with a background-only hypothesis, and limits are set on models for new physics including solar axion electron coupling, solar neutrino magnetic moment and millicharge, and electron couplings to galactic axionlike particles and hidden photons. Similar limits are set on weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter producing signals through ionized atomic states from the Migdal effect.
Published: 2023

3. Background determination for the LUX-ZEPLIN dark matter experiment

Author: Aalbers, J, Akerib, DS, Al Musalhi, AK, Alder, F, Alsum, SK, Amarasinghe, CS, Ames, A, Anderson, TJ, Angelides, N, Araújo, HM, Armstrong, JE, Arthurs, M, Baker, A, Bang, J, Bargemann, JW, Baxter, A, Beattie, K, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bhatti, A, Biekert, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Birch, HJ, Blockinger, GM, Boxer, B, Brew, CAJ, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Buuck, M, Cabrita, R, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chawla, A, Chen, H, Chiang, APS, Chott, NI, Converse, MV, Cottle, A, Cox, G, Creaner, O, Dahl, CE, David, A, Dey, S, de Viveiros, L, Ding, C, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Eriksen, SR, Fan, A, Fearon, NM, Fiorucci, S, Flaecher, H, Fraser, ED, Fruth, T, Gaitskell, RJ, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gibbons, R, Gilchriese, MGD, Gokhale, S, Green, J, van der Grinten, MGD, Gwilliam, CB, Hall, CR, Han, S, Hartigan-O’Connor, E, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Heuermann, G, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Hunt, D, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Jahangir, O, James, RS, Johnson, J, Kaboth, AC, Kamaha, AC, Khaitan, D, Khurana, I, Kirk, R, Kodroff, D, Korley, L, Korolkova, EV, Kraus, H, Kravitz, S, Kreczko, L, Krikler, B, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, EA, Lee, J, Leonard, DS, Lesko, KT, Levy, C, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Linehan, R, Lippincott, WH, and Liu, X
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences
Abstract: The LUX-ZEPLIN experiment recently reported limits on WIMP-nucleus interactions from its initial science run, down to 9.2×10-48 cm2 for the spin-independent interaction of a 36 GeV/c2 WIMP at 90% confidence level. In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of the backgrounds important for this result and for other upcoming physics analyses, including neutrinoless double-beta decay searches and effective field theory interpretations of LUX-ZEPLIN data. We confirm that the in-situ determinations of bulk and fixed radioactive backgrounds are consistent with expectations from the ex-situ assays. The observed background rate after WIMP search criteria were applied was (6.3±0.5)×10-5 events/keVee/kg/day in the low-energy region, approximately 60 times lower than the equivalent rate reported by the LUX experiment.
Published: 2023

4. Improved Dark Matter Search Sensitivity Resulting from LUX Low-Energy Nuclear Recoil Calibration

Author: Collaboration, LUX, Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Bang, J, Baxter, A, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Boxer, B, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Byram, D, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Cutter, JE, Viveiros, L de, Druszkiewicz, E, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Gwilliam, C, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Jahangir, O, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Korolkova, EV, Kravitz, S, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, E, Lesko, KT, Liao, J, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marangou, N, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Morad, JA, Murphy, A St J, Naylor, A, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, Nilima, A, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Rhyne, C, Riffard, Q, Rischbieter, GRC, Rossiter, P, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Swanson, N, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, R, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tvrznikova, L, Utku, U, Vacheret, A, Vaitkus, A, Velan, V, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woodward, D, Xiang, X, Xu, J, and Zhang, C
Subjects: physics.ins-det, astro-ph.CO, hep-ex
Abstract: Dual-phase xenon time projection chamber (TPC) detectors have demonstratedsuperior search sensitivities to dark matter over a wide range of particlemasses. To extend their sensitivity to include low-mass dark matterinteractions, it is critical to characterize both the light and chargeresponses of liquid xenon to sub-keV nuclear recoils. In this work, we report anew nuclear recoil calibration in the LUX detector $\textit{in situ}$ usingneutron events from a pulsed Adelphi Deuterium-Deuterium neutron generator. Wedemonstrate direct measurements of light and charge yields down to 0.45 keV(1.4 scintillation photons) and 0.27 keV (1.3 ionization electrons),respectively, approaching the physical limit of liquid xenon detectors. Wediscuss the implication of these new measurements on the physics reach ofdual-phase xenon TPCs for nuclear-recoil-based low-mass dark matter detection.
Published: 2022

5. Fast and flexible analysis of direct dark matter search data with machine learning

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Bang, J, Baxter, A, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Boxer, B, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Byram, D, Carrara, N, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Cutter, JE, de Viveiros, L, Druszkiewicz, E, Ernst, J, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Gwilliam, C, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Jahangir, O, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Korolkova, EV, Kravitz, S, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, E, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Liao, J, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marangou, N, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Morad, JA, St. J. Murphy, A, Naylor, A, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, Nilima, A, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Rhyne, C, Riffard, Q, Rischbieter, GRC, Rossiter, P, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Swanson, N, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, R, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tvrznikova, L, Utku, U, Vacheret, A, Vaitkus, A, Velan, V, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woodward, D, Xian, X, Xu, J, and Zhang, C
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Physical Sciences, Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence, Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD)
Abstract: We present the results from combining machine learning with the profile likelihood fit procedure, using data from the Large Underground Xenon (LUX) dark matter experiment. This approach demonstrates reduction in computation time by a factor of 30 when compared with the previous approach, without loss of performance on real data. We establish its flexibility to capture nonlinear correlations between variables (such as smearing in light and charge signals due to position variation) by achieving equal performance using pulse areas with and without position-corrections applied. Its efficiency and scalability furthermore enables searching for dark matter using additional variables without significant computational burden. We demonstrate this by including a light signal pulse shape variable alongside more traditional inputs, such as light and charge signal strengths. This technique can be exploited by future dark matter experiments to make use of additional information, reduce computational resources needed for signal searches and simulations, and make inclusion of physical nuisance parameters in fits tractable.
Published: 2022

6. Design and production of the high voltage electrode grids and electron extraction region for the LZ dual-phase xenon time projection chamber

Author: Linehan, R, Mannino, RL, Fan, A, Ignarra, CM, Luitz, S, Skarpaas, K, Shutt, TA, Akerib, DS, Alsum, SK, Anderson, TJ, Araújo, HM, Arthurs, M, Auyeung, H, Bailey, AJ, Biesiadzinski, TP, Breidenbach, M, Cherwinka, JJ, Conley, RA, Genovesi, J, Gilchriese, MGD, Glaenzer, A, Gonda, TG, Hanzel, K, Hoff, MD, Ji, W, Kaboth, AC, Kravitz, S, Kurita, NR, Lambert, AR, Lesko, KT, Lorenzon, W, Majewski, PA, Miller, EH, Monzani, ME, Palladino, KJ, Ratcliff, BN, Saba, JS, Santone, D, Shutt, GW, Stifter, K, Szydagis, M, Tomás, A, Va’vra, J, Waldron, WL, Webb, RC, White, RG, Whitis, TJ, Wilson, K, and Wisniewski, WJ
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Xenon, TPC, HV, Electrode, Noble liquid, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Other Physical Sciences, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Nuclear and plasma physics
Abstract: The dual-phase xenon time projection chamber (TPC) is a powerful tool for direct-detection experiments searching for WIMP dark matter, other dark matter models, and neutrinoless double-beta decay. Successful operation of such a TPC is critically dependent on the ability to hold high electric fields in the bulk liquid, across the liquid surface, and in the gas. Careful design and construction of the electrodes used to establish these fields is therefore required. We present the design and production of the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment's high-voltage electrodes, a set of four woven mesh wire grids. Grid design drivers are discussed, with emphasis placed on design of the electron extraction region. We follow this with a description of the grid production process and a discussion of steps taken to validate the LZ grids prior to integration into the TPC.
Published: 2022

7. Cosmogenic production of Ar37 in the context of the LUX-ZEPLIN experiment

Author: Aalbers, J, Akerib, DS, Al Musalhi, AK, Alder, F, Alsum, SK, Amarasinghe, CS, Ames, A, Anderson, TJ, Angelides, N, Araújo, HM, Armstrong, JE, Arthurs, M, Bai, X, Baker, A, Balajthy, J, Balashov, S, Bang, J, Bargemann, JW, Bauer, D, Baxter, A, Beattie, K, Bernard, EP, Bhatti, A, Biekert, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Birch, HJ, Blockinger, GM, Bodnia, E, Boxer, B, Brew, CAJ, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Busenitz, JK, Buuck, M, Cabrita, R, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Cascella, M, Chan, C, Chawla, A, Chen, H, Chott, NI, Cole, A, Converse, MV, Cottle, A, Cox, G, Creaner, O, Cutter, JE, Dahl, CE, David, A, de Viveiros, L, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Eriksen, SR, Fan, A, Fayer, S, Fearon, NM, Fiorucci, S, Flaecher, H, Fraser, ED, Fruth, T, Gaitskell, RJ, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gibson, E, Gilchriese, MGD, Gokhale, S, van der Grinten, MGD, Gwilliam, CB, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Hunt, D, Ignarra, CM, Jahangir, O, James, RS, Ji, W, Johnson, J, Kaboth, AC, Kamaha, AC, Kamdin, K, Khaitan, D, Khazov, A, Khurana, I, Kodroff, D, Korley, L, Korolkova, EV, Kraus, H, Kravitz, S, Kreczko, L, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, EA, Leonard, DS, Lesko, KT, Levy, C, Lee, J, Lin, J, Lindote, A, and Linehan, R
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Physical Sciences
Abstract: We estimate the amount of Ar37 produced in natural xenon via cosmic-ray-induced spallation, an inevitable consequence of the transportation and storage of xenon on the Earth's surface. We then calculate the resulting Ar37 concentration in a 10-tonne payload (similar to that of the LUX-ZEPLIN experiment) assuming a representative schedule of xenon purification, storage, and delivery to the underground facility. Using the spallation model by Silberberg and Tsao, the sea-level production rate of Ar37 in natural xenon is estimated to be 0.024 atoms/kg/day. Assuming the xenon is successively purified to remove radioactive contaminants in 1-tonne batches at a rate of 1 tonne/month, the average Ar37 activity after 10 tons are purified and transported underground is 0.058-0.090 μBq/kg, depending on the degree of argon removal during above-ground purification. Such cosmogenic Ar37 will appear as a noticeable background in the early science data, while decaying with a 35-day half-life. This newly noticed production mechanism of Ar37 should be considered when planning for future liquid-xenon-based experiments.
Published: 2022

8. Fast and Flexible Analysis of Direct Dark Matter Search Data with Machine Learning

Author: Collaboration, LUX, Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Bang, J, Baxter, A, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Boxer, B, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Byram, D, Carrara, N, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Cutter, JE, Viveiros, L de, Druszkiewicz, E, Ernst, J, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Gwilliam, C, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Jahangir, O, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Korolkova, EV, Kravitz, S, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, E, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Liao, J, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marangou, N, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Morad, JA, Murphy, A St J, Naylor, A, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, Nilima, A, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Rhyne, C, Riffard, Q, Rischbieter, GRC, Rossiter, P, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Swanson, N, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, R, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tvrznikova, L, Utku, U, Vacheret, A, Vaitkus, A, Velan, V, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woodward, D, Xian, X, Xu, J, and Zhang, C
Subjects: astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.IM, hep-ex, physics.ins-det
Abstract: We present the results from combining machine learning with the profilelikelihood fit procedure, using data from the Large Underground Xenon (LUX)dark matter experiment. This approach demonstrates reduction in computationtime by a factor of 30 when compared with the previous approach, without lossof performance on real data. We establish its flexibility to capture non-linearcorrelations between variables (such as smearing in light and charge signalsdue to position variation) by achieving equal performance using pulse areaswith and without position-corrections applied. Its efficiency and scalabilityfurthermore enables searching for dark matter using additional variableswithout significant computational burden. We demonstrate this by including alight signal pulse shape variable alongside more traditional inputs such aslight and charge signal strengths. This technique can be exploited by futuredark matter experiments to make use of additional information, reducecomputational resources needed for signal searches and simulations, and makeinclusion of physical nuisance parameters in fits tractable.
Published: 2022

9. Projected sensitivity of the LUX-ZEPLIN experiment to the two-neutrino and neutrinoless double β decays of Xe134

Author: Akerib, DS, Al Musalhi, AK, Alsum, SK, Amarasinghe, CS, Ames, A, Anderson, TJ, Angelides, N, Araújo, HM, Armstrong, JE, Arthurs, M, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Balashov, S, Bang, J, Bargemann, JW, Bauer, D, Baxter, A, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Bhatti, A, Biekert, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Birch, HJ, Blockinger, GM, Bodnia, E, Boxer, B, Brew, CAJ, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Busenitz, JK, Buuck, M, Cabrita, R, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Cascella, M, Chan, C, Chott, NI, Cole, A, Converse, MV, Cottle, A, Cox, G, Creaner, O, Cutter, JE, Dahl, CE, de Viveiros, L, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Eriksen, SR, Fan, A, Fayer, S, Fearon, NM, Fiorucci, S, Flaecher, H, Fraser, ED, Fruth, T, Gaitskell, RJ, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gibson, E, Gokhale, S, van der Grinten, MGD, Gwilliam, CB, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, gnarra, MCI, Jahangir, O, James, RS, Ji, W, Johnson, J, Kaboth, AC, Kamaha, AC, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Khazov, A, Khurana, I, Kodroff, D, Korley, L, Korolkova, EV, Kraus, H, Kravitz, S, Kreczko, L, Krikler, B, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, EA, Lee, J, Leonard, DS, Lesko, KT, Levy, C, Liao, J, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Linehan, R, Lippincott, WH, Liu, X, Lopes, MI, and Asamar, E López
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, Nuclear and plasma physics
Abstract: The projected sensitivity of the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment to two-neutrino and neutrinoless double β decay of Xe134 is presented. LZ is a 10-tonne xenon time-projection chamber optimized for the detection of dark matter particles and is expected to start operating in 2021 at Sanford Underground Research Facility, USA. Its large mass of natural xenon provides an exceptional opportunity to search for the double β decay of Xe134, for which xenon detectors enriched in Xe136 are less effective. For the two-neutrino decay mode, LZ is predicted to exclude values of the half-life up to 1.7×1024 years at 90% confidence level (CL) and has a three-sigma observation potential of 8.7×1023 years, approaching the predictions of nuclear models. For the neutrinoless decay mode LZ, is projected to exclude values of the half-life up to 7.3×1024 years at 90% CL.
Published: 2021

10. Projected sensitivities of the LUX-ZEPLIN experiment to new physics via low-energy electron recoils

Author: Akerib, DS, Al Musalhi, AK, Alsum, SK, Amarasinghe, CS, Ames, A, Anderson, TJ, Angelides, N, Araújo, HM, Armstrong, JE, Arthurs, M, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Balashov, S, Bang, J, Bargemann, JW, Bauer, D, Baxter, A, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Bhatti, A, Biekert, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Birch, HJ, Blockinger, GM, Bodnia, E, Boxer, B, Brew, CAJ, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Busenitz, JK, Buuck, M, Cabrita, R, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Cascella, M, Chan, C, Chott, NI, Cole, A, Converse, MV, Cottle, A, Cox, G, Creaner, O, Cutter, JE, Dahl, CE, de Viveiros, L, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Eriksen, SR, Fan, A, Fayer, S, Fearon, NM, Fiorucci, S, Flaecher, H, Fraser, ED, Fruth, T, Gaitskell, RJ, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gibson, E, Gokhale, S, van der Grinten, MGD, Gwilliam, CB, Hall, CR, Hardy, CA, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jahangir, O, James, RS, Ji, W, Johnson, J, Kaboth, AC, Kamaha, AC, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Khazov, A, Khurana, I, Kodroff, D, Korley, L, Korolkova, EV, Kraus, H, Kravitz, S, Kreczko, L, Krikler, B, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, EA, Lee, J, Leonard, DS, Lesko, KT, Levy, C, Li, J, Liao, J, Lindote, A, Linehan, R, Lippincott, WH, Liu, X, and Lopes, MI
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences
Abstract: LUX-ZEPLIN is a dark matter detector expected to obtain world-leading sensitivity to weakly-interacting massive particles interacting via nuclear recoils with a ∼7-tonne xenon target mass. This paper presents sensitivity projections to several low-energy signals of the complementary electron recoil signal type: 1) an effective neutrino magnetic moment, and 2) an effective neutrino millicharge, both for pp-chain solar neutrinos, 3) an axion flux generated by the Sun, 4) axionlike particles forming the Galactic dark matter, 5) hidden photons, 6) mirror dark matter, and 7) leptophilic dark matter. World-leading sensitivities are expected in each case, a result of the large 5.6 t 1000 d exposure and low expected rate of electron-recoil backgrounds in the
Published: 2021

11. Constraints on effective field theory couplings using 311.2 days of LUX data

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Bang, J, Baxter, A, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Boxer, B, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Byram, D, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Cutter, JE, De Viveiros, L, Druszkiewicz, E, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Gwilliam, C, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Jahangir, O, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Korolkova, EV, Kravitz, S, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, E, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Liao, J, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marangou, N, McKinsey, DN, Mei, DM, Morad, JA, Murphy, ASJ, Naylor, A, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, Nilima, A, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Rhyne, C, Riffard, Q, Rischbieter, GRC, Rossiter, P, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Swanson, N, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, R, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tvrznikova, L, Utku, U, Vacheret, A, Vaitkus, A, Velan, V, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woodward, D, Xiang, X, Xu, J, and Zhang, C
Abstract: We report here the results of a nonrelativistic effective field theory (EFT) WIMP search analysis using LUX data. We build upon previous LUX analyses by extending the search window to include nuclear recoil energies up to ∼180 keVnr, requiring a reassessment of data quality criteria and background models. In order to use an unbinned profile likelihood statistical framework, the development of new analysis techniques to account for higher-energy backgrounds was required. With a 3.14×104 kg·day exposure using data collected between 2014 and 2016, we find our data is compatible with the background expectation and set 90% C.L. exclusion limits on nonrelativistic EFT WIMP-nucleon couplings, improving upon previous LUX results and providing constraints on a EFT WIMP interactions using the {neutron,proton} interaction basis. Additionally, we report exclusion limits on inelastic EFT WIMP-isoscalar recoils that are competitive and world-leading for several interaction operators.
Published: 2021

12. Improving sensitivity to low-mass dark matter in LUX using a novel electrode background mitigation technique

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Bang, J, Baxter, A, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Boxer, B, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Byram, D, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Cutter, JE, de Viveiros, L, Druszkiewicz, E, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Gwilliam, C, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Jahangir, O, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Korolkova, EV, Kravitz, S, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, E, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Liao, J, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marangou, N, McKinsey, DN, Mei, DM, Morad, JA, Murphy, ASJ, Naylor, A, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, Nilima, A, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Rhyne, C, Riffard, Q, Rischbieter, GRC, Rossiter, P, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Swanson, N, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, R, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tvrznikova, L, Utku, U, Vacheret, A, Vaitkus, A, Velan, V, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woodward, D, Xiang, X, Xu, J, and Zhang, C
Abstract: This paper presents a novel technique for mitigating electrode backgrounds that limit the sensitivity of searches for low-mass dark matter (DM) using xenon time projection chambers. In the Large Underground Xenon (LUX) detector, signatures of low-mass DM interactions would be very low-energy () scatters in the active target that ionize only a few xenon atoms and seldom produce detectable scintillation signals. In this regime, extra precaution is required to reject a complex set of low-energy electron backgrounds that have long been observed in this class of detector. Noticing backgrounds from the wire grid electrodes near the top and bottom of the active target are particularly pernicious, we develop a machine learning technique based on ionization pulse shape to identify and reject these events. We demonstrate the technique can improve Poisson limits on low-mass DM interactions by a factor of 1.7-3 with improvement depending heavily on the size of ionization signals. We use the technique on events in an effective 5 tonne·day exposure from LUX’s 2013 science operation to place strong limits on low-mass DM particles with masses in the range . This machine learning technique is expected to be useful for near-future experiments, such as LUX-ZEPLIN and XENONnT, which hope to perform low-mass DM searches with the stringent background control necessary to make a discovery.
Published: 2021

13. Effective field theory analysis of the first LUX dark matter search

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Baxter, A, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Boxer, B, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Byram, D, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Cutter, JE, De Viveiros, L, Druszkiewicz, E, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Gwilliam, C, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Jahangir, O, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Korolkova, EV, Kravitz, S, Kudryavtsev, VA, Larsen, NA, Leason, E, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Liao, J, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marangou, N, McKinsey, DN, Mei, DM, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, ASJ, Naylor, A, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, Nilima, A, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Riffard, Q, Rischbieter, GRC, Rhyne, C, Rossiter, P, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, R, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tvrznikova, L, Utku, U, Uvarov, S, Vacheret, A, Velan, V, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woodward, D, Xu, J, and Zhang, C
Abstract: The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) dark matter search was a 250-kg active mass dual-phase time projection chamber that operated by detecting light and ionization signals from particles incident on a xenon target. In December 2015, LUX reported a minimum 90% upper C.L. of 6×10-46 cm2 on the spin-independent WIMP-nucleon elastic scattering cross section based on a 1.4×104 kg·day exposure in its first science run. Tension between experiments and the absence of a definitive positive detection suggest it would be prudent to search for WIMPs outside the standard spin-independent/spin-dependent paradigm. Recent theoretical work has identified a complete basis of 14 independent effective field theory (EFT) operators to describe WIMP-nucleon interactions. In addition to spin-independent and spin-dependent nuclear responses, these operators can produce novel responses such as angular-momentum-dependent and spin-orbit couplings. Here we report on a search for all 14 of these EFT couplings with data from LUX's first science run. Limits are placed on each coupling as a function of WIMP mass.
Published: 2021

14. Design and production of the high voltage electrode grids and electron extraction region for the LZ dual-phase xenon time projection chamber

Author: Linehan, R, Mannino, RL, Fan, A, Ignarra, CM, Luitz, S, Skarpaas, K, Shutt, TA, Akerib, DS, Alsum, SK, Anderson, TJ, Araújo, HM, Arthurs, M, Auyeung, H, Bailey, AJ, Biesiadzinski, TP, Breidenbach, M, Cherwinka, JJ, Conley, RA, Genovesi, J, Gilchriese, MGD, Glaenzer, A, Gonda, TG, Hanzel, K, Hoff, MD, Ji, W, Kaboth, AC, Kravitz, S, Kurita, NR, Lambert, AR, Lesko, KT, Lorenzon, W, Majewski, PA, Miller, EH, Monzani, ME, Palladino, KJ, Ratcliff, BN, Saba, JS, Santone, D, Shutt, GW, Stifter, K, Szydagis, M, Tomás, A, Va'vra, J, Waldron, WL, Webb, RC, White, RG, Whitis, TJ, Wilson, K, and Wisniewski, WJ
Subjects: physics.ins-det, astro-ph.IM, hep-ex
Abstract: The dual-phase xenon time projection chamber (TPC) is a powerful tool fordirect-detection experiments searching for WIMP dark matter, other dark mattermodels, and neutrinoless double-beta decay. Successful operation of such a TPCis critically dependent on the ability to hold high electric fields in the bulkliquid, across the liquid surface, and in the gas. Careful design andconstruction of the electrodes used to establish these fields is thereforerequired. We present the design and production of the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ)experiment's high-voltage electrodes, a set of four woven mesh wire grids. Griddesign drivers are discussed, with emphasis placed on design of the electronextraction region. We follow this with a description of the grid productionprocess and a discussion of steps taken to validate the LZ grids prior tointegration into the TPC.
Published: 2021

15. Projected sensitivity of the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment to the two-neutrino and neutrinoless double beta decays of $^{134}$Xe

Author: LUX-ZEPLIN, The, Collaboration, Akerib, DS, Musalhi, AK Al, Alsum, SK, Amarasinghe, CS, Ames, A, Anderson, TJ, Angelides, N, Araujo, HM, Armstrong, JE, Arthurs, M, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Balashov, S, Bang, J, Bargemann, JW, Bauer, D, Baxter, A, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Bhatti, A, Biekert, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Birch, HJ, Blockinger, GM, Bodnia, E, Boxer, B, Brew, CAJ, Bras, P, Burdin, S, Busenitz, JK, Buuck, M, Cabrita, R, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Cascella, M, Chan, C, Chott, NI, Cole, A, Converse, MV, Cottle, A, Cox, G, Creaner, O, Cutter, JE, Dahl, CE, Viveiros, L de, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Eriksen, SR, Fan, A, Fayer, S, Fearon, NM, Fiorucci, S, Flaecher, H, Fraser, ED, Fruth, T, Gaitskell, RJ, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gibson, E, Gokhale, S, Grinten, MGD van der, Gwilliam, CB, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jahangir, O, James, RS, Ji, W, Johnson, J, Kaboth, AC, Kamaha, AC, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Khazov, A, Khurana, I, Kodroff, D, Korley, L, Korolkova, EV, Kraus, H, Kravitz, S, Kreczko, L, Krikler, B, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, EA, Lee, J, Leonard, DS, Lesko, KT, Levy, C, Liao, J, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Linehan, R, Lippincott, WH, and Liu, X
Subjects: physics.ins-det, nucl-ex
Abstract: The projected sensitivity of the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment to two-neutrinoand neutrinoless double beta decay of $^{134}$Xe is presented. LZ is a 10-tonnexenon time projection chamber optimized for the detection of dark matterparticles, that is expected to start operating in 2021 at Sanford UndergroundResearch Facility, USA. Its large mass of natural xenon provides an exceptionalopportunity to search for the double beta decay of $^{134}$Xe, for which xenondetectors enriched in $^{136}$Xe are less effective. For the two-neutrino decaymode, LZ is predicted to exclude values of the half-life up to1.7$\times$10$^{24}$ years at 90% confidence level (CL), and has a three-sigmaobservation potential of 8.7$\times$10$^{23}$ years, approaching thepredictions of nuclear models. For the neutrinoless decay mode LZ, is projectedto exclude values of the half-life up to 7.3$\times$10$^{24}$ years at 90% CL.
Published: 2021

16. Projected sensitivities of the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment to new physics via low-energy electron recoils

Author: Collaboration, The LZ, Akerib, DS, Musalhi, AK Al, Alsum, SK, Amarasinghe, CS, Ames, A, Anderson, TJ, Angelides, N, Araújo, HM, Armstrong, JE, Arthurs, M, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Balashov, S, Bang, J, Bargemann, JW, Bauer, D, Baxter, A, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Bhatti, A, Biekert, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Birch, HJ, Blockinger, GM, Bodnia, E, Boxer, B, Brew, CAJ, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Busenitz, JK, Buuck, M, Cabrita, R, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Cascella, M, Chan, C, Chott, NI, Cole, A, Converse, MV, Cottle, A, Cox, G, Creaner, O, Cutter, JE, Dahl, CE, Viveiros, L de, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Eriksen, SR, Fan, A, Fayer, S, Fearon, NM, Fiorucci, S, Flaecher, H, Fraser, ED, Fruth, T, Gaitskell, RJ, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gibson, E, Gokhale, S, Grinten, MGD van der, Gwilliam, CB, Hall, CR, Hardy, CA, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jahangir, O, James, RS, Ji, W, Johnson, J, Kaboth, AC, Kamaha, AC, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Khazov, A, Khurana, I, Kodroff, D, Korley, L, Korolkova, EV, Kraus, H, Kravitz, S, Kreczko, L, Krikler, B, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, EA, Lee, J, Leonard, DS, Lesko, KT, Levy, C, Li, J, Liao, J, Lindote, A, Linehan, R, Lippincott, WH, and Liu, X
Subjects: hep-ex, astro-ph.CO, hep-ph
Abstract: LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) is a dark matter detector expected to obtain world-leadingsensitivity to weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) interacting vianuclear recoils with a ~7-tonne xenon target mass. This manuscript presentssensitivity projections to several low-energy signals of the complementaryelectron recoil signal type: 1) an effective neutrino magnetic moment and 2) aneffective neutrino millicharge, both for pp-chain solar neutrinos, 3) an axionflux generated by the Sun, 4) axion-like particles forming the galactic darkmatter, 5) hidden photons, 6) mirror dark matter, and 7) leptophilic darkmatter. World-leading sensitivities are expected in each case, a result of thelarge 5.6t 1000d exposure and low expected rate of electron recoil backgroundsin the $
Published: 2021

17. Simulations of events for the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) dark matter experiment

Author: Akerib, DS, Akerlof, CW, Alqahtani, A, Alsum, SK, Anderson, TJ, Angelides, N, Araújo, HM, Armstrong, JE, Arthurs, M, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Balashov, S, Bang, J, Bauer, D, Baxter, A, Bensinger, J, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Bhatti, A, Biekert, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Birch, HJ, Boast, KE, Boxer, B, Brás, P, Buckley, JH, Bugaev, VV, Burdin, S, Busenitz, JK, Cabrita, R, Carels, C, Carlsmith, DL, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Cascella, M, Chan, C, Chott, NI, Cole, A, Cottle, A, Cutter, JE, Dahl, CE, de Viveiros, L, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Edberg, TK, Eriksen, SR, Fan, A, Fayer, S, Fiorucci, S, Flaecher, H, Fraser, ED, Fruth, T, Gaitskell, RJ, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gibson, E, Gilchriese, MGD, Gokhale, S, van der Grinten, MGD, Hall, CR, Harrison, A, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hor, JY-K, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jahangir, O, Ji, W, Johnson, J, Kaboth, AC, Kamaha, AC, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Khazov, A, Khurana, I, Kocher, CD, Korley, L, Korolkova, EV, Kras, J, Kraus, H, Kravitz, S, Kreczko, L, Krikler, B, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, EA, Lee, J, Leonard, DS, Lesko, KT, Levy, C, Li, J, Liao, J, Liao, F-T, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Linehan, R, Lippincott, WH, Liu, R, Liu, X, and Loniewski, C
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, physics.ins-det, hep-ex, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: The LUX-ZEPLIN dark matter search aims to achieve a sensitivity to the WIMP-nucleon spin-independent cross-section down to (1–2)×10−12 pb at a WIMP mass of 40 GeV/c2. This paper describes the simulations framework that, along with radioactivity measurements, was used to support this projection, and also to provide mock data for validating reconstruction and analysis software. Of particular note are the event generators, which allow us to model the background radiation, and the detector response physics used in the production of raw signals, which can be converted into digitized waveforms similar to data from the operational detector. Inclusion of the detector response allows us to process simulated data using the same analysis routines as developed to process the experimental data.
Published: 2021

18. Enhancing the sensitivity of the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) dark matter experiment to low energy signals

Author: Akerib, DS, Musalhi, AK Al, Alsum, SK, Amarasinghe, CS, Ames, A, Anderson, TJ, Angelides, N, Araújo, HM, Armstrong, JE, Arthurs, M, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Balashov, S, Bang, J, Bargemann, JW, Bauer, D, Baxter, A, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Bhatti, A, Biekert, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Birch, HJ, Blockinger, GM, Boxer, B, Brew, CAJ, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Busenitz, JK, Buuck, M, Cabrita, R, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Cascella, M, Chan, C, Chott, NI, Cole, A, Converse, MV, Cottle, A, Cox, G, Cutter, JE, Dahl, CE, Viveiros, L de, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Eriksen, SR, Fan, A, Fayer, S, Fearon, NM, Fiorucci, S, Flaecher, H, Fraser, ED, Fruth, T, Gaitskell, RJ, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gibson, E, Gokhale, S, Grinten, MGD van der, Gwilliam, CB, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jahangir, O, James, RS, Ji, W, Johnson, J, Kaboth, AC, Kamaha, AC, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Khazov, A, Khurana, I, Kodroff, D, Korley, L, Korolkova, EV, Kraus, H, Kravitz, S, Kreczko, L, Krikler, B, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, EA, Lesko, KT, Levy, C, Li, J, Liao, J, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Linehan, R, Lippincott, WH, Liu, X, Lopes, MI, Asamar, E Lopez, Paredes, B López, Lorenzon, W, and Luitz, S
Subjects: astro-ph.IM, physics.ins-det
Abstract: Two-phase xenon detectors, such as that at the core of the forthcoming LZdark matter experiment, use photomultiplier tubes to sense the primary (S1) andsecondary (S2) scintillation signals resulting from particle interactions intheir liquid xenon target. This paper describes a simulation study exploringtwo techniques to lower the energy threshold of LZ to gain sensitivity tolow-mass dark matter and astrophysical neutrinos, which will be applicable toother liquid xenon detectors. The energy threshold is determined by the numberof detected S1 photons; typically, these must be recorded in three or morephotomultiplier channels to avoid dark count coincidences that mimic realsignals. To lower this threshold: a) we take advantage of the doublephotoelectron emission effect, whereby a single vacuum ultraviolet photon has a$\sim20\%$ probability of ejecting two photoelectrons from a photomultipliertube photocathode; and b) we drop the requirement of an S1 signal altogether,and use only the ionization signal, which can be detected more efficiently. Forboth techniques we develop signal and background models for the nominalexposure, and explore accompanying systematic effects, including the dependenceon the free electron lifetime in the liquid xenon. When incorporating doublephotoelectron signals, we predict a factor of $\sim 4$ sensitivity improvementto the dark matter-nucleon scattering cross-section at $2.5$ GeV/c$^2$, and afactor of $\sim1.6$ increase in the solar $^8$B neutrino detection rate.Dropping the S1 requirement may allow sensitivity gains of two orders ofmagnitude in both cases. Finally, we apply these techniques to even lowermasses by taking into account the atomic Migdal effect; this could lower thedark matter particle mass threshold to $80$ MeV/c$^2$.
Published: 2021

19. Discrimination of electronic recoils from nuclear recoils in two-phase xenon time projection chambers

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Baxter, A, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Boxer, B, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Byram, D, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Cutter, JE, De Viveiros, L, Druszkiewicz, E, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Gwilliam, C, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Jahangir, O, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Korolkova, EV, Kravitz, S, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, E, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Liao, J, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marangou, N, McKinsey, DN, Mei, DM, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, ASJ, Naylor, A, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, Nilima, A, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Riffard, Q, Rischbieter, GRC, Rhyne, C, Rossiter, P, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, R, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tvrznikova, L, Utku, U, Uvarov, S, Vacheret, A, Velan, V, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woodward, D, Xu, J, and Zhang, C
Subjects: physics.ins-det, hep-ex, nucl-ex
Abstract: We present a comprehensive analysis of electronic recoil vs nuclear recoil discrimination in liquid/gas xenon time projection chambers, using calibration data from the 2013 and 2014-2016 runs of the Large Underground Xenon experiment. We observe strong charge-to-light discrimination enhancement with increased event energy. For events with S1=120 detected photons, i.e., equivalent to a nuclear recoil energy of ∼100 keV, we observe an electronic recoil background acceptance of
Published: 2020

20. Improving sensitivity to low-mass dark matter in LUX using a novel electrode background mitigation technique

Author: Collaboration, LUX, Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Bang, J, Baxter, A, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Boxer, B, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Byram, D, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Cutter, JE, Viveiros, L de, Druszkiewicz, E, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Gwilliam, C, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Jahangir, O, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Korolkova, EV, Kravitz, S, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, E, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Liao, J, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marangou, N, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Morad, JA, Murphy, A St J, Naylor, A, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, Nilima, A, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Rhyne, C, Riffard, Q, Rischbieter, GRC, Rossiter, P, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Swanson, N, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, R, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tvrznikova, L, Utku, U, Vacheret, A, Vaitkus, A, Velan, V, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woodward, D, Xiang, X, Xu, J, and Zhang, C
Subjects: hep-ex, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.IM, physics.ins-det
Abstract: This paper presents a novel technique for mitigating electrode backgroundsthat limit the sensitivity of searches for low-mass dark matter (DM) usingxenon time projection chambers. In the LUX detector, signatures of low-mass DMinteractions would be very low energy ($\sim$keV) scatters in the active targetthat ionize only a few xenon atoms and seldom produce detectable scintillationsignals. In this regime, extra precaution is required to reject a complex setof low-energy electron backgrounds that have long been observed in this classof detector. Noticing backgrounds from the wire grid electrodes near the topand bottom of the active target are particularly pernicious, we develop amachine learning technique based on ionization pulse shape to identify andreject these events. We demonstrate the technique can improve Poisson limits onlow-mass DM interactions by a factor of $2$-$7$ with improvement dependingheavily on the size of ionization signals. We use the technique on events in aneffective $5$ tonne$\cdot$day exposure from LUX's 2013 science operation toplace strong limits on low-mass DM particles with masses in the range$m_{\chi}\in0.15$-$10$ GeV. This machine learning technique is expected to beuseful for near-future experiments, such as LZ and XENONnT, which hope toperform low-mass DM searches with the stringent background control necessary tomake a discovery.
Published: 2020

21. Investigation of background electron emission in the LUX detector

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Baxter, A, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Boxer, B, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Byram, D, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Cutter, JE, De Viveiros, L, Druszkiewicz, E, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Gwilliam, C, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Jahangir, O, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Korolkova, EV, Kravitz, S, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, E, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Liao, J, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marangou, N, McKinsey, DN, Mei, DM, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, ASJ, Naylor, A, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, Nilima, A, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Riffard, Q, Rischbieter, GRC, Rhyne, C, Rossiter, P, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, R, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tvrznikova, L, Utku, U, Uvarov, S, Vacheret, A, Velan, V, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woodward, D, Xu, J, and Zhang, C
Subjects: physics.ins-det
Abstract: Dual-phase xenon detectors, as currently used in direct detection dark matter experiments, have observed elevated rates of background electron events in the low energy region. While this background negatively impacts detector performance in various ways, its origins have only been partially studied. In this paper we report a systematic investigation of the electron pathologies observed in the LUX dark matter experiment. We characterize different electron populations based on their emission intensities and their correlations with preceding energy depositions in the detector. By studying the background under different experimental conditions, we identified the leading emission mechanisms, including photoionization and the photoelectric effect induced by the xenon luminescence, delayed emission of electrons trapped under the liquid surface, capture and release of drifting electrons by impurities, and grid electron emission. We discuss how these backgrounds can be mitigated in LUX and future xenon-based dark matter experiments.
Published: 2020

22. Search for two neutrino double electron capture of 124Xe and 126Xe in the full exposure of the LUX detector

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Baxter, A, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Boxer, B, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Byram, D, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Cutter, JE, De Viveiros, L, Druszkiewicz, E, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Gwilliam, C, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Jahangir, O, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Korolkova, EV, Kravitz, S, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, E, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Liao, J, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marangou, N, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, DM, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, ASJ, Naylor, A, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, Nilima, A, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Riffard, Q, Rischbieter, GRC, Rhyne, C, Rossiter, P, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, R, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Utku, U, Uvarov, S, Vacheret, A, Velan, V, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woodward, D, Xu, J, and Zhang, C
Subjects: rare decays, double electron capture, dark matter detectors, xenon detectors, nucl-ex, physics.ins-det, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: Two-neutrino double electron capture is a process allowed in the standard model of particle physics. This rare decay has been observed in 78Kr, 130Ba and more recently in 124Xe. In this publication we report on the search for this process in 124Xe and 126Xe using the full exposure of the large underground xenon (LUX) experiment, in a total of 27769.5 kg-days. No evidence of a signal was observed, allowing us to set 90% C.L. lower limits for the half-lives of these decays of 2.0 × 1021 years for 124Xe and 1.9 × 1021 years for 126Xe.
Published: 2020

23. Search for hep solar neutrinos and the diffuse supernova neutrino background using all three phases of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Author: Aharmim, B, Ahmed, SN, Anthony, AE, Barros, N, Beier, EW, Bellerive, A, Beltran, B, Bergevin, M, Biller, SD, Blucher, E, Bonventre, R, Boudjemline, K, Boulay, MG, Cai, B, Callaghan, EJ, Caravaca, J, Chan, YD, Chauhan, D, Chen, M, Cleveland, BT, Cox, GA, Dai, X, Deng, H, Descamps, FB, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Doucas, G, Drouin, PL, Dunford, M, Elliott, SR, Evans, HC, Ewan, GT, Farine, J, Fergani, H, Fleurot, F, Ford, RJ, Formaggio, JA, Gagnon, N, Gilje, K, Goon, JTM, Graham, K, Guillian, E, Habib, S, Hahn, RL, Hallin, AL, Hallman, ED, Harvey, PJ, Hazama, R, Heintzelman, WJ, Heise, J, Helmer, RL, Hime, A, Howard, C, Huang, M, Jagam, P, Jamieson, B, Jelley, NA, Jerkins, M, Keeter, KJ, Klein, JR, Kormos, LL, Kos, M, Kraus, C, Krauss, CB, Krüger, A, Kutter, T, Kyba, CCM, Labe, K, Land, BJ, Lange, R, Latorre, A, Law, J, Lawson, IT, Lesko, KT, Leslie, JR, Levine, I, Loach, JC, Maclellan, R, Majerus, S, Mak, HB, Maneira, J, Martin, RD, Mastbaum, A, McCauley, N, McDonald, AB, McGee, SR, Miller, ML, Monreal, B, Monroe, J, Nickel, BG, Noble, AJ, O'Keeffe, HM, Oblath, NS, Okada, CE, Ollerhead, RW, Orebi Gann, GD, Oser, SM, Ott, RA, Peeters, SJM, and Poon, AWP
Subjects: hep-ex, nucl-ex
Abstract: A search has been performed for neutrinos from two sources, the hep reaction in the solar pp fusion chain and the νe component of the diffuse supernova neutrino background (DSNB), using the full dataset of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory with a total exposure of 2.47 kton-years after fiducialization. The hep search is performed using both a single-bin counting analysis and a likelihood fit. We find a best-fit flux that is compatible with solar model predictions while remaining consistent with zero flux, and set a one-sided upper limit of φhep
Published: 2020

24. Projected sensitivity of the LUX-ZEPLIN experiment to the 0νββ decay of Xe136

Author: Akerib, DS, Akerlof, CW, Alqahtani, A, Alsum, SK, Anderson, TJ, Angelides, N, Araújo, HM, Armstrong, JE, Arthurs, M, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Balashov, S, Bang, J, Baxter, A, Bensinger, J, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Bhatti, A, Biekert, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Birch, HJ, Boast, KE, Boxer, B, Brás, P, Buckley, JH, Bugaev, VV, Burdin, S, Busenitz, JK, Cabrita, R, Carels, C, Carlsmith, DL, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Cascella, M, Chan, C, Chott, NI, Cole, A, Cottle, A, Cutter, JE, Dahl, CE, de Viveiros, L, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Edberg, TK, Eriksen, SR, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Flaecher, H, Fraser, ED, Fruth, T, Gaitskell, RJ, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gibson, E, Gilchriese, MGD, Gokhale, S, van der Grinten, MGD, Hall, CR, Harrison, A, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hor, JY-K, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jahangir, O, Ji, W, Johnson, J, Kaboth, AC, Kamaha, AC, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Khazov, A, Khurana, I, Kocher, CD, Korley, L, Korolkova, EV, Kras, J, Kraus, H, Kravitz, S, Kreczko, L, Krikler, B, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, EA, Lee, J, Leonard, DS, Lesko, KT, Levy, C, Li, J, Liao, J, Liao, F-T, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Linehan, R, Lippincott, WH, Liu, R, Liu, X, Loniewski, C, Lopes, MI, and Paredes, B López
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, nucl-ex, Nuclear and plasma physics
Abstract: The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment will enable a neutrinoless double β decay search in parallel to the main science goal of discovering dark matter particle interactions. We report the expected LZ sensitivity to Xe136 neutrinoless double β decay, taking advantage of the significant (>600 kg) Xe136 mass contained within the active volume of LZ without isotopic enrichment. After 1000 live-days, the median exclusion sensitivity to the half-life of Xe136 is projected to be 1.06×1026 years (90% confidence level), similar to existing constraints. We also report the expected sensitivity of a possible subsequent dedicated exposure using 90% enrichment with Xe136 at 1.06×1027 years.
Published: 2020

25. An Effective Field Theory Analysis of the First LUX Dark Matter Search

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Baxter, A, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Boxer, B, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Byram, D, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Cutter, JE, Viveiros, L de, Druszkiewicz, E, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Gwilliam, C, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Jahangir, O, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Korolkova, EV, Kravitz, S, Kudryavtsev, VA, Larsen, NA, Leason, E, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Liao, J, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marangou, N, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, A St J, Naylor, A, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, Nilima, A, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Riffard, Q, Rischbieter, GRC, Rhyne, C, Rossiter, P, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, R, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tvrznikova, L, Utku, U, Uvarov, S, Vacheret, A, Velan, V, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woodward, D, Xu, J, and Zhang, C
Subjects: astro-ph.CO
Abstract: The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) dark matter search was a 250-kg active massdual-phase time projection chamber that operated by detecting light andionization signals from particles incident on a xenon target. In December 2015,LUX reported a minimum 90% upper C.L. of 6e-46 cm^2 on the spin-independentWIMP-nucleon elastic scattering cross section based on a 1.4e4 kg*day exposurein its first science run. Tension between experiments and the absence of adefinitive positive detection suggest it would be prudent to search for WIMPsoutside the standard spin-independent/spin-dependent paradigm. Recenttheoretical work has identified a complete basis of 14 independent effectivefield theory (EFT) operators to describe WIMP-nucleon interactions. In additionto spin-independent and spin-dependent nuclear responses, these operators canproduce novel responses such as angular-momentum-dependent and spin-orbitcouplings. Here we report on a search for all 14 of these EFT couplings withdata from LUX's first science run. Limits are placed on each coupling as afunction of WIMP mass.
Published: 2020

26. Measurement of the gamma ray background in the Davis cavern at the Sanford Underground Research Facility

Author: Akerib, DS, Akerlof, CW, Alsum, SK, Angelides, N, Araújo, HM, Armstrong, JE, Arthurs, M, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Balashov, S, Baxter, A, Bernard, EP, Biekert, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boast, KE, Boxer, B, Brás, P, Buckley, JH, Bugaev, VV, Burdin, S, Busenitz, JK, Carels, C, Carlsmith, DL, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Cascella, M, Chan, C, Cole, A, Cottle, A, Cutter, JE, Dahl, CE, de Viveiros, L, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Edberg, TK, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Flaecher, H, Fruth, T, Gaitskell, RJ, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Gokhale, S, van der Grinten, MGD, Hall, CR, Hans, S, Harrison, J, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hor, JYK, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jahangir, O, Ji, W, Johnson, J, Kaboth, AC, Kamdin, K, Khaitan, D, Khazov, A, Kim, WT, Kocher, CD, Korley, L, Korolkova, EV, Kras, J, Kraus, H, Kravitz, SW, Kreczko, L, Krikler, B, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, EA, Lee, J, Leonard, DS, Lesko, KT, Levy, C, Li, J, Liao, J, Liao, FT, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Linehan, R, Lippincott, WH, Liu, R, Liu, X, Loniewski, C, Lopes, MI, López Paredes, B, Lorenzon, W, Luitz, S, Lyle, JM, Majewski, PA, Manalaysay, A, Manenti, L, Mannino, RL, Marangou, N, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, McLaughlin, J, Meng, Y, and Miller, EH
Subjects: Dark matter, Low background, Radiation, Underground, Gamma rays, Gamma spectroscopy, physics.ins-det, hep-ex, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics
Abstract: Deep underground environments are ideal for low background searches due to the attenuation of cosmic rays by passage through the earth. However, they are affected by backgrounds from γ-rays emitted by 40K and the 238U and 232Th decay chains in the surrounding rock. The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment will search for dark matter particle interactions with a liquid xenon TPC located within the Davis campus at the Sanford Underground Research Facility, Lead, South Dakota, at the 4850-foot level. In order to characterise the cavern background, in-situ γ-ray measurements were taken with a sodium iodide detector in various locations and with lead shielding. The integral count rates (0–3300 keV) varied from 596 Hz to 1355 Hz for unshielded measurements, corresponding to a total flux from the cavern walls of 1.9 ± 0.4 γ cm−2s−1. The resulting activity in the walls of the cavern can be characterised as 220 ± 60 Bq/kg of 40K, 29 ± 15 Bq/kg of 238U, and 13 ± 3 Bq/kg of 232Th.
Published: 2020

27. Projected WIMP sensitivity of the LUX-ZEPLIN dark matter experiment

Author: Akerib, DS, Akerlof, CW, Alsum, SK, Araújo, HM, Arthurs, M, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Balashov, S, Bauer, D, Belle, J, Beltrame, P, Benson, T, Bernard, EP, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boast, KE, Boxer, B, Brás, P, Buckley, JH, Bugaev, VV, Burdin, S, Busenitz, JK, Carels, C, Carlsmith, DL, Carlson, B, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Cherwinka, JJ, Cole, A, Cottle, A, Craddock, WW, Currie, A, Cutter, JE, Dahl, CE, de Viveiros, L, Dobi, A, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Edberg, TK, Edwards, WR, Fan, A, Fayer, S, Fiorucci, S, Fruth, T, Gaitskell, RJ, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, van der Grinten, MGD, Hall, CR, Hans, S, Hanzel, K, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hillbrand, S, Hjemfelt, C, Hoff, MD, Hor, JY-K, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Ji, W, Kaboth, AC, Kamdin, K, Keefner, J, Khaitan, D, Khazov, A, Kim, YD, Kocher, CD, Korolkova, EV, Kraus, H, Krebs, HJ, Kreczko, L, Krikler, B, Kudryavtsev, VA, Kyre, S, Lee, J, Lenardo, BG, Leonard, DS, Lesko, KT, Levy, C, Li, J, Liao, J, Liao, F-T, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Linehan, R, Lippincott, WH, Liu, X, Lopes, MI, Paredes, B López, Lorenzon, W, Luitz, S, Lyle, JM, Majewski, P, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Maupin, C, McKinsey, DN, Meng, Y, and Miller, EH
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.IM, astro-ph.CO, hep-ex, physics.ins-det
Abstract: LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) is a next-generation dark matter direct detection experiment that will operate 4850 feet underground at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in Lead, South Dakota, USA. Using a two-phase xenon detector with an active mass of 7 tonnes, LZ will search primarily for low-energy interactions with weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), which are hypothesized to make up the dark matter in our galactic halo. In this paper, the projected WIMP sensitivity of LZ is presented based on the latest background estimates and simulations of the detector. For a 1000 live day run using a 5.6-tonne fiducial mass, LZ is projected to exclude at 90% confidence level spin-independent WIMP-nucleon cross sections above 1.4×10-48 cm2 for a 40 GeV/c2 mass WIMP. Additionally, a 5σ discovery potential is projected, reaching cross sections below the exclusion limits of recent experiments. For spin-dependent WIMP-neutron(-proton) scattering, a sensitivity of 2.3×10-43 cm2 (7.1×10-42 cm2) for a 40 GeV/c2 mass WIMP is expected. With underground installation well underway, LZ is on track for commissioning at SURF in 2020.
Published: 2020

28. Extending light WIMP searches to single scintillation photons in LUX

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Baxter, A, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Boxer, B, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Byram, D, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Cutter, JE, de Viveiros, L, Druszkiewicz, E, Fallon, SR, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Gwilliam, C, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Jahangir, O, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Korolkova, EV, Kravitz, S, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, E, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Liao, J, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Paredes, B López, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marangou, N, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, DM, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, St. J. Murphy, A, Naylor, A, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, Nilima, A, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Riffard, Q, Rischbieter, GRC, Rhyne, C, Rossiter, P, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, R, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Utku, U, Uvarov, S, Vacheret, A, Velan, V, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, and Woodward, D
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.IM, hep-ex, physics.ins-det
Abstract: We present a novel analysis technique for liquid xenon time projection chambers that allows for a lower threshold by relying on events with a prompt scintillation signal consisting of single detected photons. The energy threshold of the LUX dark matter experiment is primarily determined by the smallest scintillation response detectable, which previously required a twofold coincidence signal in its photomultiplier arrays, enforced in data analysis. The technique presented here exploits the double photoelectron emission effect observed in some photomultiplier models at vacuum ultraviolet wavelengths. We demonstrate this analysis using an electron recoil calibration dataset and place new constraints on the spin-independent scattering cross section of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) down to 2.5 GeV/c2 WIMP mass using the 2013 LUX dataset. This new technique is promising to enhance light WIMP and astrophysical neutrino searches in next-generation liquid xenon experiments.
Published: 2020

29. Improved modeling of β electronic recoils in liquid xenon using LUX calibration data

Author: Deviveiros, L, Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Baxter, A, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Boxer, B, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Byram, D, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Cutter, JE, Druszkiewicz, E, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Gwilliam, C, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Jahangir, O, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Korolkova, EV, Kravitz, S, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, E, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Liao, J, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marangou, N, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, DM, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, ASJ, Naylor, A, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, Nilima, A, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Riffard, Q, Rischbieter, GRC, Rhyne, C, Rossiter, P, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, R, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Utku, U, Uvarov, S, Vacheret, A, Velan, V, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woodward, D, Xu, J, and Zhang, C
Subjects: Dark Matter detectors, Detector modelling and simulations I (interaction of radiation with matter, interaction of photons with matter, interaction of hadrons, with matter, etc), Noble liquid detectors, Time projection Chambers, physics.ins-det, hep-ex, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Physical Sciences, Engineering
Abstract: We report here methods and techniques for creating an improved model that reproduces the scintillation and ionization response of a dual-phase liquid and gaseous xenon time projection chamber. Starting with the recent release of the Noble Element Simulation Technique (NEST v2.0), electronic recoil data from the β decays of 3H and 14C in the Large Underground Xenon (LUX) detector were used to tune the model, in addition to external data sets that allow for extrapolation beyond the LUX data-taking conditions. This paper also presents techniques used for modeling complicated temporal and spatial detector pathologies that can adversely affect data using a simplified model framework. The methods outlined in this report show an example of the robust applications possible with NEST v2.0 framework and how it can be modified to produce a final, detector-specific, electronic recoil model. This example provides the final model for LUX and detector parameters that will used in the new analysis package, the LUX Legacy Analysis Monte Carlo Application (LLAMA), for accurate reproduction of the LUX data. As accurate background reproduction is crucial for the success of rare-event searches, such as dark matter direct detection experiments, the techniques outlined here can be used in other single-phase and dual-phase xenon detectors to assist with accurate ER background reproduction.
Published: 2020

30. Improved modeling of β electronic recoils in liquid xenon using LUX calibration data

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Baxter, A, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Boxer, B, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Byram, D, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Cutter, JE, de\Viveiros, L, Druszkiewicz, E, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Gwilliam, C, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Jahangir, O, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Korolkova, EV, Kravitz, S, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, E, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Liao, J, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marangou, N, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, Naylor, A, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, Nilima, A, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Riffard, Q, Rischbieter, GRC, Rhyne, C, Rossiter, P, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, R, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Utku, U, Uvarov, S, Vacheret, A, Velan, V, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woodward, D, Xu, J, and Zhang, C
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Physical Sciences, Dark Matter detectors, Detector modelling and simulations I (interaction of radiation with matter, interaction of photons with matter, interaction of hadrons, with matter, etc), Noble liquid detectors, Time projection Chambers, physics.ins-det, hep-ex, Engineering, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Physical sciences
Abstract: We report here methods and techniques for creating an improved model that reproduces the scintillation and ionization response of a dual-phase liquid and gaseous xenon time projection chamber. Starting with the recent release of the Noble Element Simulation Technique (NEST v2.0), electronic recoil data from the β decays of 3H and 14C in the Large Underground Xenon (LUX) detector were used to tune the model, in addition to external data sets that allow for extrapolation beyond the LUX data-taking conditions. This paper also presents techniques used for modeling complicated temporal and spatial detector pathologies that can adversely affect data using a simplified model framework. The methods outlined in this report show an example of the robust applications possible with NEST v2.0 framework and how it can be modified to produce a final, detector-specific, electronic recoil model. This example provides the final model for LUX and detector parameters that will used in the new analysis package, the LUX Legacy Analysis Monte Carlo Application (LLAMA), for accurate reproduction of the LUX data. As accurate background reproduction is crucial for the success of rare-event searches, such as dark matter direct detection experiments, the techniques outlined here can be used in other single-phase and dual-phase xenon detectors to assist with accurate ER background reproduction.
Published: 2020

31. First direct detection constraint on mirror dark matter kinetic mixing using LUX 2013 data

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Baxter, A, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Boxer, B, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Byram, D, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Cutter, JE, De Viveiros, L, Druszkiewicz, E, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Gwilliam, C, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Jahangir, O, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Korolkova, EV, Kravitz, S, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, E, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Liao, J, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marangou, N, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, DM, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, ASJ, Naylor, A, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, Nilima, A, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Riffard, Q, Rischbieter, GRC, Rhyne, C, Rossiter, P, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, R, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Utku, U, Uvarov, S, Vacheret, A, Velan, V, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woodward, D, Xu, J, and Zhang, C
Subjects: hep-ex, hep-ph
Abstract: We present the results of a direct detection search for mirror dark matter interactions, using data collected from the Large Underground Xenon experiment during 2013, with an exposure of 95 live-days×118 kg. Here, the calculations of the mirror electron scattering rate in liquid xenon take into account the shielding effects from mirror dark matter captured within the Earth. Annual and diurnal modulation of the dark matter flux and atomic shell effects in xenon are also accounted for. Having found no evidence for an electron recoil signal induced by mirror dark matter interactions we place an upper limit on the kinetic mixing parameter over a range of local mirror electron temperatures between 0.1 and 0.9 keV. This limit shows significant improvement over the previous experimental constraint from orthopositronium decays and significantly reduces the allowed parameter space for the model. We exclude mirror electron temperatures above 0.3 keV at a 90% confidence level, for this model, and constrain the kinetic mixing below this temperature.
Published: 2020

32. Cosmogenic neutron production at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Author: Aharmim, B, Ahmed, SN, Anthony, AE, Barros, N, Beier, EW, Bellerive, A, Beltran, B, Bergevin, M, Biller, SD, Bonventre, R, Boudjemline, K, Boulay, MG, Cai, B, Callaghan, EJ, Caravaca, J, Chan, YD, Chauhan, D, Chen, M, Cleveland, BT, Cox, GA, Curley, R, Dai, X, Deng, H, Descamps, FB, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Doucas, G, Drouin, PL, Dunford, M, Elliott, SR, Evans, HC, Ewan, GT, Farine, J, Fergani, H, Fleurot, F, Ford, RJ, Formaggio, JA, Gagnon, N, Gilje, K, Goon, JTM, Graham, K, Guillian, E, Habib, S, Hahn, RL, Hallin, AL, Hallman, ED, Harvey, PJ, Hazama, R, Heintzelman, WJ, Heise, J, Helmer, RL, Hime, A, Howard, C, Huang, M, Jagam, P, Jamieson, B, Jelley, NA, Jerkins, M, Kéfélian, C, Keeter, KJ, Klein, JR, Kormos, LL, Kos, M, Krüger, A, Kraus, C, Krauss, CB, Kutter, T, Kyba, CCM, Land, BJ, Lange, R, Law, J, Lawson, IT, Lesko, KT, Leslie, JR, Levine, I, Loach, JC, MacLellan, R, Majerus, S, Mak, HB, Maneira, J, Martin, RD, Mastbaum, A, McCauley, N, McDonald, AB, McGee, SR, Miller, ML, Monreal, B, Monroe, J, Nickel, BG, Noble, AJ, O'Keeffe, HM, Oblath, NS, Okada, CE, Ollerhead, RW, Orebi Gann, GD, Oser, SM, Ott, RA, Peeters, SJM, Poon, AWP, and Prior, G
Subjects: hep-ex, nucl-ex
Abstract: Neutrons produced in nuclear interactions initiated by cosmic-ray muons present an irreducible background to many rare-event searches, even in detectors located deep underground. Models for the production of these neutrons have been tested against previous experimental data, but the extrapolation to deeper sites is not well understood. Here we report results from an analysis of cosmogenically produced neutrons at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory. A specific set of observables are presented, which can be used to benchmark the validity of geant4 physics models. In addition, the cosmogenic neutron yield, in units of 10-4 cm2/(g·μ), is measured to be 7.28±0.09(stat)-1.12+1.59(syst) in pure heavy water and 7.30±0.07(stat)-1.02+1.40(syst) in NaCl-loaded heavy water. These results provide unique insights into this potential background source for experiments at SNOLAB.
Published: 2019

33. A liquid scintillation detector for radioassay of gadolinium-loaded liquid scintillator for the LZ Outer Detector

Author: Haselschwardt, SJ, Shaw, S, Nelson, HN, Witherell, MS, Yeh, M, Lesko, KT, Cole, A, Kyre, S, and White, DT
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Low-background, Gadolinium, Liquid scintillator, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Other Physical Sciences, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Nuclear and plasma physics
Abstract: We report on the design and performance of the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) “Screener”, a small liquid scintillator detector consisting of ≈23 kg of LAB-based gadolinium-loaded liquid scintillator (GdLS) to be used in the LZ Outer Detector. The Outer Detector will be filled with 17.3 tonnes of GdLS and will surround the central liquid xenon time projection chamber of LZ. Its primary function will be to tag neutron events in the liquid xenon which could mimic a WIMP dark matter signal. To meet the deadtime requirements for the Outer Detector, the radioimpurity levels in the GdLS must be kept below ≲0.07 mBq/kg. This background level corresponds to a rate of ≈50Hz above an energy threshold of 100 keV. The Screener was operated in the ultra-low-background environment of the former LUX water shield in the Davis Laboratory at the Sanford Underground Research Facility for radioassay of the GdLS. Careful selection of detector materials and use of ultra-low-background PMTs allows the measurement of a variety of radioimpurities. The 14C/12C ratio in the scintillator is measured to be (2.83±0.06(stat.)±0.01(sys.))×10−17. Use of pulse shape discrimination allows the concentration of isotopes throughout the 238U, 235U, and 232Th chains to be measured by fitting the collected spectra from α and β events. We find that equilibrium is broken in the 238U and 232Th chains and that a significant portion of the contamination in the GdLS results from decays in the 227Ac subchain of the 235U series. Predictions for the singles rate in the Outer Detector are presented. The rate from radioimpurities above 100 keV in the GdLS is estimated to be 97.9±6.4Hz, with 65.5±1.9Hz resulting from α-decays.
Published: 2019

34. Improved measurements of the β-decay response of liquid xenon with the LUX detector

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Baxter, A, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Boxer, B, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Byram, D, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Cutter, JE, de Viveiros, L, Druszkiewicz, E, Fallon, SR, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Gwilliam, C, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Jahangir, O, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Korolkova, EV, Kravitz, S, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, E, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Liao, J, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marangou, N, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, St. J. Murphy, A, Naylor, A, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, Nilima, A, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Riffard, Q, Rischbieter, GRC, Rhyne, C, Rossiter, P, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, R, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Utku, U, Uvarov, S, Vacheret, A, Velan, V, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woodward, D, and Xu, J
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, physics.ins-det, astro-ph.IM, hep-ex
Abstract: We report results from an extensive set of measurements of the \b{eta}-decayresponse in liquid xenon.These measurements are derived from high-statisticscalibration data from injected sources of both $^{3}$H and $^{14}$C in the LUXdetector. The mean light-to-charge ratio is reported for 13 electric fieldvalues ranging from 43 to 491 V/cm, and for energies ranging from 1.5 to 145keV.
Published: 2019

35. Improved measurements of the beta-decay response of liquid xenon with the LUX detector

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araujo, HM, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Baxter, A, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Boxer, B, Bras, P, Burdin, S, Byram, D, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Cutter, JE, de Viveiros, L, Druszkiewicz, E, Fallon, SR, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Gwilliam, C, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Jahangir, O, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Korolkova, EV, Kravitz, S, Kudryavtsev, VA, Leason, E, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Liao, J, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marangou, N, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, A St J, Naylor, A, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, Nilima, A, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Riffard, Q, Rischbieter, GRC, Rhyne, C, Rossiter, P, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, R, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Utku, U, Uvarov, S, Vacheret, A, Velan, V, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woodward, D, and Xu, J
Subjects: physics.ins-det, astro-ph.IM, hep-ex, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Quantum Physics
Abstract: We report results from an extensive set of measurements of the \b{eta}-decayresponse in liquid xenon.These measurements are derived from high-statisticscalibration data from injected sources of both $^{3}$H and $^{14}$C in the LUXdetector. The mean light-to-charge ratio is reported for 13 electric fieldvalues ranging from 43 to 491 V/cm, and for energies ranging from 1.5 to 145keV.
Published: 2019

36. Measurement of neutron production in atmospheric neutrino interactions at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Author: Aharmim, B, Ahmed, SN, Anthony, AE, Barros, N, Beier, EW, Bellerive, A, Beltran, B, Bergevin, M, Biller, SD, Bonventre, R, Boudjemline, K, Boulay, MG, Cai, B, Callaghan, EJ, Caravaca, J, Chan, YD, Chauhan, D, Chen, M, Cleveland, BT, Cox, GA, Dai, X, Deng, H, Descamps, FB, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Doucas, G, Drouin, P-L, Dunford, M, Elliott, SR, Evans, HC, Ewan, GT, Farine, J, Fergani, H, Fleurot, F, Ford, RJ, Formaggio, JA, Gagnon, N, Gilje, K, Goon, JTM, Graham, K, Guillian, E, Habib, S, Hahn, RL, Hallin, AL, Hallman, ED, Harvey, PJ, Hazama, R, Heintzelman, WJ, Heise, J, Helmer, RL, Hime, A, Howard, C, Huang, M, Jagam, P, Jamieson, B, Jelley, NA, Jerkins, M, Keeter, KJ, Klein, JR, Kormos, LL, Kos, M, Kruger, A, Kraus, C, Krauss, CB, Kutter, T, Kyba, CCM, Land, BJ, Lange, R, Law, J, Lawson, IT, Lesko, KT, Leslie, JR, Levine, I, Loach, JC, MacLellan, R, Majerus, S, Mak, HB, Maneira, J, Martin, RD, Mastbaum, A, McCauley, N, McDonald, AB, McGee, SR, Miller, ML, Monreal, B, Monroe, J, Nickel, BG, Noble, AJ, O'Keeffe, HM, Oblath, NS, Okada, CE, Ollerhead, RW, Gann, GD Orebi, Oser, SM, Ott, RA, Peeters, SJM, Poon, AWP, Prior, G, Reitzner, SD, and Rielage, K
Subjects: hep-ex
Abstract: Neutron production in GeV-scale neutrino interactions is a poorly studiedprocess. We have measured the neutron multiplicities in atmospheric neutrinointeractions in the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory experiment and compared themto the prediction of a Monte Carlo simulation using GENIE and a minimallymodified version of GEANT4. We analyzed 837 days of exposure corresponding toPhase I, using pure heavy water, and Phase II, using a mixture of Cl in heavywater. Neutrons produced in atmospheric neutrino interactions were identifiedwith an efficiency of $15.3\%$ and $44.3\%$, for Phase I and II respectively.The neutron production is measured as a function of the visible energy of theneutrino interaction and, for charged current quasi-elastic interactioncandidates, also as a function of the neutrino energy. This study is alsoperformed classifying the complete sample into two pairs of event categories:charged current quasi-elastic and non charged current quasi-elastic, and$\nu_{\mu}$ and $\nu_e$. Results show good overall agreement between data andMonte Carlo for both phases, with some small tension with a statisticalsignificance below $2\sigma$ for some intermediate energies.
Published: 2019

37. Results of a Search for Sub-GeV Dark Matter Using 2013 LUX Data

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Boxer, B, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Byram, D, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Cutter, JE, Davison, TJR, Druszkiewicz, E, Fallon, SR, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Gwilliam, C, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Jahangir, O, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Knoche, R, Korolkova, EV, Kravitz, S, Kudryavtsev, VA, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Liao, J, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marangou, N, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, A St J, Naylor, A, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Riffard, Q, Rischbieter, GRC, Rhyne, C, Rossiter, P, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Utku, U, Uvarov, S, Velan, V, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woodward, D, Xu, J, Yazdani, K, and Zhang, C
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, LUX Collaboration, astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.IM, hep-ex, physics.ins-det, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract: The scattering of dark matter (DM) particles with sub-GeV masses off nuclei is difficult to detect using liquid xenon-based DM search instruments because the energy transfer during nuclear recoils is smaller than the typical detector threshold. However, the tree-level DM-nucleus scattering diagram can be accompanied by simultaneous emission of a bremsstrahlung photon or a so-called "Migdal" electron. These provide an electron recoil component to the experimental signature at higher energies than the corresponding nuclear recoil. The presence of this signature allows liquid xenon detectors to use both the scintillation and the ionization signals in the analysis where the nuclear recoil signal would not be otherwise visible. We report constraints on spin-independent DM-nucleon scattering for DM particles with masses of 0.4-5 GeV/c^{2} using 1.4×10^{4} kg day of search exposure from the 2013 data from the Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment for four different classes of mediators. This analysis extends the reach of liquid xenon-based DM search instruments to lower DM masses than has been achieved previously.
Published: 2019

38. Constraints on neutrino lifetime from the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Author: Aharmim, B, Ahmed, SN, Anthony, AE, Barros, N, Beier, EW, Bellerive, A, Beltran, B, Bergevin, M, Biller, SD, Bonventre, R, Boudjemline, K, Boulay, MG, Cai, B, Callaghan, EJ, Caravaca, J, Chan, YD, Chauhan, D, Chen, M, Cleveland, BT, Cox, GA, Dai, X, Deng, H, Descamps, FB, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Doucas, G, Drouin, P-L, Dunford, M, Elliott, SR, Evans, HC, Ewan, GT, Farine, J, Fergani, H, Fleurot, F, Ford, RJ, Formaggio, JA, Gagnon, N, Gilje, K, Goon, J TM, Graham, K, Guillian, E, Habib, S, Hahn, RL, Hallin, AL, Hallman, ED, Harvey, PJ, Hazama, R, Heintzelman, WJ, Heise, J, Helmer, RL, Hime, A, Howard, C, Huang, M, Jagam, P, Jamieson, B, Jelley, NA, Jerkins, M, Kéfélian, C, Keeter, KJ, Klein, JR, Kormos, LL, Kos, M, Krüger, A, Kraus, C, Krauss, CB, Kutter, T, Kyba, CCM, Land, BJ, Lange, R, Law, J, Lawson, IT, Lesko, KT, Leslie, JR, Levine, I, Loach, JC, MacLellan, R, Majerus, S, Mak, HB, Maneira, J, Martin, RD, Mastbaum, A, McCauley, N, McDonald, AB, McGee, SR, Miller, ML, Monreal, B, Monroe, J, Nickel, BG, Noble, AJ, O’Keeffe, HM, Oblath, NS, Okada, CE, Ollerhead, RW, Gann, GD Orebi, Oser, SM, Ott, RA, Peeters, SJM, Poon, AWP, Prior, G, and Reitzner, SD
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, hep-ex, nucl-ex
Abstract: The long baseline between Earth and the Sun makes solar neutrinos an excellent test beam for exploring possible neutrino decay. The signature of such decay would be an energy-dependent distortion of the traditional survival probability which can be fit for using well-developed and high-precision analysis methods. Here a model including neutrino decay is fit to all three phases of B8 solar neutrino data taken by the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO). This fit constrains the lifetime of neutrino mass state ν2 to be >8.08×10-5 s/eV at 90% confidence. An analysis combining this SNO result with those from other solar neutrino experiments results in a combined limit for the lifetime of mass state ν2 of >1.92×10-3 s/eV at 90% confidence.
Published: 2019

39. Tests of Lorentz invariance at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory

Author: Aharmim, B, Ahmed, SN, Anthony, AE, Barros, N, Beier, EW, Bellerive, A, Beltran, B, Bergevin, M, Biller, SD, Blucher, E, Bonventre, R, Boudjemline, K, Boulay, MG, Cai, B, Callaghan, EJ, Caravaca, J, Chan, YD, Chauhan, D, Chen, M, Cleveland, BT, Cox, GA, Dai, X, Deng, H, Descamps, FB, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Doucas, G, Drouin, P-L, Dunford, M, Elliott, SR, Evans, HC, Ewan, GT, Farine, J, Fergani, H, Fleurot, F, Ford, RJ, Formaggio, JA, Gagnon, N, Gilje, K, Goon, J TM, Graham, K, Guillian, E, Habib, S, Hahn, RL, Hallin, AL, Hallman, ED, Harvey, PJ, Hazama, R, Heintzelman, WJ, Heise, J, Helmer, RL, Hime, A, Howard, C, Huang, M, Jagam, P, Jamieson, B, Jelley, NA, Jerkins, M, Kéfélian, C, Keeter, KJ, Klein, JR, Kormos, LL, Kos, M, Krüger, A, Kraus, C, Krauss, CB, Kutter, T, Kyba, CCM, Labe, K, Land, BJ, Lange, R, LaTorre, A, Law, J, Lawson, IT, Lesko, KT, Leslie, JR, Levine, I, Loach, JC, MacLellan, R, Majerus, S, Mak, HB, Maneira, J, Martin, RD, Mastbaum, A, McCauley, N, McDonald, AB, McGee, SR, Miller, ML, Monreal, B, Monroe, J, Nickel, BG, Noble, AJ, O’Keeffe, HM, Oblath, NS, Okada, CE, Ollerhead, RW, Gann, GD Orebi, Oser, SM, Ott, RA, and Peeters, SJM
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, hep-ex, nucl-ex
Abstract: Experimental tests of Lorentz symmetry in systems of all types are critical for ensuring that the basic assumptions of physics are well founded. Data from all phases of the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory, a kiloton-scale heavy water Cherenkov detector, are analyzed for possible violations of Lorentz symmetry in the neutrino sector. Such violations would appear as one of eight possible signal types in the detector: six seasonal variations in the solar electron neutrino survival probability differing in energy and time dependence and two shape changes to the oscillated solar neutrino energy spectrum. No evidence for such signals is observed, and limits on the size of such effects are established in the framework of the standard model extension, including 38 limits on previously unconstrained operators and improved limits on 16 additional operators. This makes limits on all minimal, Dirac-type Lorentz violating operators in the neutrino sector available for the first time.
Published: 2018

40. LUX trigger efficiency

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, B. Boxer, Brás, P, S. Burdin, Byram, D, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Cutter, JE, Davison, TJR, Druszkiewicz, E, Fallon, SR, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, E. Grace, C. Gwilliam, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Knoche, R, E.V. Korolkova, S. Kravitz, V.A. Kudryavtsev, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Liao, J, J. Lin, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marangou, N, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, DM, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, ASJ, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, G. Rischbieter, Rhyne, C, P. Rossiter, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Utku, U, Uvarov, S, Velan, V, Verbus, JR, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, D. Woodward, Xu, J, Yazdani, K, and Zhang, C
Subjects: Trigger efficiency, Dark matter detectors, WIMPs, Liquid xenon, physics.ins-det, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Other Physical Sciences
Abstract: The Large Underground Xenon experiment (LUX) searches for dark matter using a dual-phase xenon detector. LUX uses a custom-developed trigger system for event selection. In this paper, the trigger efficiency, which is defined as the probability that an event of interest is selected for offline analysis, is studied using raw data obtained from both electron recoil (ER) and nuclear recoil (NR) calibrations. The measured efficiency exceeds 98% at a pulse area of 90 detected photons, which is well below the WIMP analysis threshold on the S2 pulse area. The efficiency also exceeds 98% at recoil energies of 0.2 keV and above for ER, and 1.3 keV and above for NR. The measured trigger efficiency varies between 99% and 100% over the fiducial volume of the detector.
Published: 2018

41. Search for annual and diurnal rate modulations in the LUX experiment

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Balajthy, J, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Boxer, B, Brás, P, Burdin, S, Byram, D, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Cutter, JE, Davison, TJR, Druszkiewicz, E, Fallon, SR, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Gwilliam, C, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Knoche, R, Korolkova, EV, Kravitz, S, Kudryavtsev, VA, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Liao, J, Lin, J, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marangou, N, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, DM, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, ASJ, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Rischbieter, GRC, Rhyne, C, Rossiter, P, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Utku, U, Uvarov, S, Velan, V, Verbus, JR, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Woodward, D, Xu, J, Yazdani, K, and Zhang, C
Subjects: astro-ph.CO, astro-ph.IM, hep-ex, physics.ins-det
Abstract: Various dark matter models predict annual and diurnal modulations of dark matter interaction rates in Earth-based experiments as a result of the Earth's motion in the halo. Observation of such features can provide generic evidence for detection of dark matter interactions. This paper reports a search for both annual and diurnal rate modulations in the LUX dark matter experiment using over 20 calendar months of data acquired between 2013 and 2016. This search focuses on electron recoil events at low energies, where leptophilic dark matter interactions are expected to occur and where the DAMA experiment has observed a strong rate modulation for over two decades. By using the innermost volume of the LUX detector and developing robust cuts and corrections, we obtained a stable event rate of 2.3±0.2 cpd/keVee/tonne, which is among the lowest in all dark matter experiments. No statistically significant annual modulation was observed in energy windows up to 26 keVee. Between 2 and 6 keVee, this analysis demonstrates the most sensitive annual modulation search up to date, with 9.2σ tension with the DAMA/LIBRA result. We also report no observation of diurnal modulations above 0.2 cpd/keVee/tonne amplitude between 2 and 6 keVee.
Published: 2018

42. Liquid xenon scintillation measurements and pulse shape discrimination in the LUX dark matter detector

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Brás, P, Byram, D, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Currie, A, Cutter, JE, Davison, TJR, Dobi, A, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, BN, Fallon, SR, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, CR, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Knoche, R, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Liao, J, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, DM, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, ASJ, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, O'Sullivan, K, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Rhyne, C, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Utku, U, Uvarov, S, Velan, V, Verbus, JR, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Xu, J, Yazdani, K, Young, SK, and Zhang, C
Subjects: physics.ins-det
Abstract: Weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) are a leading candidate for dark matter and are expected to produce nuclear recoil (NR) events within liquid xenon time-projection chambers. We present a measurement of the scintillation timing characteristics of liquid xenon in the LUX dark matter detector and develop a pulse shape discriminant to be used for particle identification. To accurately measure the timing characteristics, we develop a template-fitting method to reconstruct the detection times of photons. Analyzing calibration data collected during the 2013-2016 LUX WIMP search, we provide a new measurement of the singlet-to-triplet scintillation ratio for electron recoils (ER) below 46 keV, and we make, to our knowledge, a first-ever measurement of the NR singlet-to-triplet ratio at recoil energies below 74 keV. We exploit the difference of the photon time spectra for NR and ER events by using a prompt fraction discrimination parameter, which is optimized using calibration data to have the least number of ER events that occur in a 50% NR acceptance region. We then demonstrate how this discriminant can be used in conjunction with the charge-to-light discrimination to possibly improve the signal-to-noise ratio for nuclear recoils.
Published: 2018

43. Calibration, event reconstruction, data analysis, and limit calculation for the LUX dark matter experiment

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Brás, P, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Currie, A, Cutter, JE, Davison, TJR, Dobi, A, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, BN, Faham, CH, Fallon, SR, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, CR, Hanhardt, M, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, St. J. Murphy, A, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, O’Sullivan, K, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Reichhart, L, Rhyne, C, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Uvarov, S, Velan, V, Verbus, JR, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Xu, J, Yazdani, K, Young, SK, and Zhang, C
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Affordable and Clean Energy, physics.ins-det
Abstract: The LUX experiment has performed searches for dark-matter particles scattering elastically on xenon nuclei, leading to stringent upper limits on the nuclear scattering cross sections for dark matter. Here, for results derived from 1.4×104 kg days of target exposure in 2013, details of the calibration, event-reconstruction, modeling, and statistical tests that underlie the results are presented. Detector performance is characterized, including measured efficiencies, stability of response, position resolution, and discrimination between electron- and nuclear-recoil populations. Models are developed for the drift field, optical properties, background populations, the electron- and nuclear-recoil responses, and the absolute rate of low-energy background events. Innovations in the analysis include in situ measurement of the photomultipliers' response to xenon scintillation photons, verification of fiducial mass with a low-energy internal calibration source, and new empirical models for low-energy signal yield based on large-sample, in situ calibrations.
Published: 2018

44. Search for Neutrinoless Double-β Decay in Ge76 with the Majorana Demonstrator

Author: Aalseth, CE, Abgrall, N, Aguayo, E, Alvis, SI, Amman, M, Arnquist, IJ, Avignone, FT, Back, HO, Barabash, AS, Barbeau, PS, Barton, CJ, Barton, PJ, Bertrand, FE, Bode, T, Bos, B, Boswell, M, Bradley, AW, Brodzinski, RL, Brudanin, V, Busch, M, Buuck, M, Caldwell, AS, Caldwell, TS, Chan, Y-D, Christofferson, CD, Chu, P-H, Collar, JI, Combs, DC, Cooper, RJ, Cuesta, C, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Dunmore, JA, Efremenko, Yu, Ejiri, H, Elliott, SR, Fast, JE, Finnerty, P, Fraenkle, FM, Fu, Z, Fujikawa, BK, Fuller, E, Galindo-Uribarri, A, Gehman, VM, Gilliss, T, Giovanetti, GK, Goett, J, Green, MP, Gruszko, J, Guinn, IS, Guiseppe, VE, Hallin, AL, Haufe, CR, Hehn, L, Henning, R, Hoppe, EW, Hossbach, TW, Howe, MA, Jasinski, BR, Johnson, RA, Keeter, KJ, Kephart, JD, Kidd, MF, Knecht, A, Konovalov, SI, Kouzes, RT, LaFerriere, BD, Leon, J, Lesko, KT, Leviner, LE, Loach, JC, Lopez, AM, Luke, PN, MacMullin, J, MacMullin, S, Marino, MG, Martin, RD, Massarczyk, R, McDonald, AB, Mei, D-M, Meijer, SJ, Merriman, JH, Mertens, S, Miley, HS, Miller, ML, Myslik, J, Orrell, JL, O'Shaughnessy, C, Othman, G, Overman, NR, Perumpilly, G, Pettus, W, Phillips, DG, Poon, AWP, Pushkin, K, Radford, DC, Rager, J, Reeves, JH, Reine, AL, and Rielage, K
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Majorana Collaboration, nucl-ex, physics.ins-det, Mathematical Sciences, Engineering, General Physics, Mathematical sciences, Physical sciences
Abstract: The Majorana Collaboration is operating an array of high purity Ge detectors to search for neutrinoless double-β decay in ^{76}Ge. The Majorana Demonstrator comprises 44.1 kg of Ge detectors (29.7 kg enriched in ^{76}Ge) split between two modules contained in a low background shield at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. Here we present results from data taken during construction, commissioning, and the start of full operations. We achieve unprecedented energy resolution of 2.5 keV FWHM at Q_{ββ} and a very low background with no observed candidate events in 9.95 kg yr of enriched Ge exposure, resulting in a lower limit on the half-life of 1.9×10^{25} yr (90% C.L.). This result constrains the effective Majorana neutrino mass to below 240-520 meV, depending on the matrix elements used. In our experimental configuration with the lowest background, the background is 4.0_{-2.5}^{+3.1} counts/(FWHM t yr).
Published: 2018

45. Search for Neutrinoless Double-β Decay in ^{76}Ge with the Majorana Demonstrator.

Author: Aalseth, CE, Abgrall, N, Aguayo, E, Alvis, SI, Amman, M, Arnquist, IJ, Avignone, FT, Back, HO, Barabash, AS, Barbeau, PS, Barton, CJ, Barton, PJ, Bertrand, FE, Bode, T, Bos, B, Boswell, M, Bradley, AW, Brodzinski, RL, Brudanin, V, Busch, M, Buuck, M, Caldwell, AS, Caldwell, TS, Chan, Y-D, Christofferson, CD, Chu, P-H, Collar, JI, Combs, DC, Cooper, RJ, Cuesta, C, Detwiler, JA, Doe, PJ, Dunmore, JA, Efremenko, Yu, Ejiri, H, Elliott, SR, Fast, JE, Finnerty, P, Fraenkle, FM, Fu, Z, Fujikawa, BK, Fuller, E, Galindo-Uribarri, A, Gehman, VM, Gilliss, T, Giovanetti, GK, Goett, J, Green, MP, Gruszko, J, Guinn, IS, Guiseppe, VE, Hallin, AL, Haufe, CR, Hehn, L, Henning, R, Hoppe, EW, Hossbach, TW, Howe, MA, Jasinski, BR, Johnson, RA, Keeter, KJ, Kephart, JD, Kidd, MF, Knecht, A, Konovalov, SI, Kouzes, RT, LaFerriere, BD, Leon, J, Lesko, KT, Leviner, LE, Loach, JC, Lopez, AM, Luke, PN, MacMullin, J, MacMullin, S, Marino, MG, Martin, RD, Massarczyk, R, McDonald, AB, Mei, D-M, Meijer, SJ, Merriman, JH, Mertens, S, Miley, HS, Miller, ML, Myslik, J, Orrell, JL, O'Shaughnessy, C, Othman, G, Overman, NR, Perumpilly, G, Pettus, W, Phillips, DG, Poon, AWP, Pushkin, K, Radford, DC, Rager, J, Reeves, JH, Reine, AL, and Rielage, K
Subjects: Majorana Collaboration, nucl-ex, physics.ins-det, General Physics, Mathematical Sciences, Physical Sciences, Engineering
Abstract: The Majorana Collaboration is operating an array of high purity Ge detectors to search for neutrinoless double-β decay in ^{76}Ge. The Majorana Demonstrator comprises 44.1 kg of Ge detectors (29.7 kg enriched in ^{76}Ge) split between two modules contained in a low background shield at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota. Here we present results from data taken during construction, commissioning, and the start of full operations. We achieve unprecedented energy resolution of 2.5 keV FWHM at Q_{ββ} and a very low background with no observed candidate events in 9.95 kg yr of enriched Ge exposure, resulting in a lower limit on the half-life of 1.9×10^{25} yr (90% C.L.). This result constrains the effective Majorana neutrino mass to below 240-520 meV, depending on the matrix elements used. In our experimental configuration with the lowest background, the background is 4.0_{-2.5}^{+3.1} counts/(FWHM t yr).
Published: 2018

46. Position reconstruction in LUX

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Brás, P, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Currie, A, Cutter, JE, Davison, TJR, Dobi, A, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, BN, Fallon, SR, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, CR, Hanhardt, M, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, O'Sullivan, K, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Rhyne, C, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Uvarov, S, Velan, V, Verbus, JR, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Xu, J, Yazdani, K, Young, SK, and Zhang, C
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Dark Matter detectors, Liquid detectors, Charge transport, multiplication and electroluminescence in rare gases and liquids, Detector modelling and simulations I, physics.ins-det, hep-ex, physics.comp-ph, Engineering, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Physical sciences
Abstract: The (x, y) position reconstruction method used in the analysis of the complete exposure of the Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment is presented. The algorithm is based on a statistical test that makes use of an iterative method to recover the photomultiplier tube (PMT) light response directly from the calibration data. The light response functions make use of a two dimensional functional form to account for the photons reflected on the inner walls of the detector. To increase the resolution for small pulses, a photon counting technique was employed to describe the response of the PMTs. The reconstruction was assessed with calibration data including 83mKr (releasing a total energy of 41.5 keV) and 3H (andbeta;- with Q = 18.6 keV) decays, and a deuterium-deuterium (D-D) neutron beam (2.45 MeV) . Within the detector's fiducial volume, the reconstruction has achieved an (x, y) position uncertainty of andsigma; = 0.82 cm and andsigma; = 0.17 cm for events of only 200 and 4,000 detected electroluminescence photons respectively. Such signals are associated with electron recoils of energies andsim;0.25 keV and andsim;10 keV, respectively. The reconstructed position of the smallest events with a single electron emitted from the liquid surface (22 detected photons) has a horizontal (x, y) uncertainty of 2.13 cm.
Published: 2018

47. Chromatographic separation of radioactive noble gases from xenon

Author: Akerib, DS, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Bramante, R, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Chiller, AA, Chiller, C, Coffey, T, Currie, A, Cutter, JE, Davison, TJR, Dobi, A, Dobson, JEY, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, BN, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Gehman, VM, Ghag, C, Gibson, KR, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, CR, Hanhardt, M, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Ihm, M, Jacobsen, RG, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lee, C, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, O’Sullivan, K, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Pech, K, Phelps, P, Reichhart, L, Rhyne, C, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Stephenson, S, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, W, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Uvarov, S, Verbus, JR, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Yazdani, K, Young, SK, and Zhang, C
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Synchrotrons and Accelerators, Physical Sciences, Xenon, Krypton, Adsorption, Chromatography, Gas Separation, Dark Matter, physics.ins-det, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astronomical sciences, Particle and high energy physics
Abstract: The Large Underground Xenon (LUX) experiment operates at the Sanford Underground Research Facility to detect nuclear recoils from the hypothetical Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs) on a liquid xenon target. Liquid xenon typically contains trace amounts of the noble radioactive isotopes 85Kr and 39Ar that are not removed by the in situ gas purification system. The decays of these isotopes at concentrations typical of research-grade xenon would be a dominant background for a WIMP search experiment. To remove these impurities from the liquid xenon, a chromatographic separation system based on adsorption on activated charcoal was built. 400 kg of xenon was processed, reducing the average concentration of krypton from 130 ppb to 3.5 ppt as measured by a cold-trap assisted mass spectroscopy system. A 50 kg batch spiked to 0.001 g/g of krypton was processed twice and reduced to an upper limit of 0.2 ppt.
Published: 2018

48. Ultralow energy calibration of LUX detector using Xe 127 electron capture

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Brás, P, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Currie, A, Cutter, JE, Davison, TJR, Dobi, A, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, BN, Fallon, SR, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, CR, Hanhardt, M, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, DM, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, ASJ, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, O'Sullivan, K, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Rhyne, C, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Uvarov, S, Velan, V, Verbus, JR, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Xu, J, Yazdani, K, Young, SK, and Zhang, C
Subjects: physics.ins-det, astro-ph.IM, hep-ex
Abstract: We report an absolute calibration of the ionization yields (Qy) and fluctuations for electronic recoil events in liquid xenon at discrete energies between 186 eV and 33.2 keV. The average electric field applied across the liquid xenon target is 180 V/cm. The data are obtained using low energy Xe127 electron capture decay events from the 95.0-day first run from LUX (WS2013) in search of weakly interacting massive particles. The sequence of gamma-ray and x-ray cascades associated with I127 deexcitations produces clearly identified two-vertex events in the LUX detector. We observe the K-(binding energy, 33.2 keV), L-(5.2 keV), M-(1.1 keV), and N-(186 eV) shell cascade events and verify that the relative ratio of observed events for each shell agrees with calculations. The N-shell cascade analysis includes single extracted electron (SE) events and represents the lowest-energy electronic recoil in situ measurements that have been explored in liquid xenon.
Published: 2017

49. Kr 83 m calibration of the 2013 LUX dark matter search

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Brás, P, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Currie, A, Cutter, JE, Davison, TJR, Dobi, A, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, BN, Fallon, SR, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, CR, Hanhardt, M, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, DM, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, Murphy, ASJ, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, O'Sullivan, K, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Rhyne, C, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Uvarov, S, Velan, V, Verbus, JR, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Xu, J, Yazdani, K, Young, SK, and Zhang, C
Subjects: physics.ins-det
Abstract: LUX was the first dark matter experiment to use a Kr83m calibration source. In this paper, we describe the source preparation and injection. We also present several Kr83m calibration applications in the context of the 2013 LUX exposure, including the measurement of temporal and spatial variation in scintillation and charge signal amplitudes, and several methods to understand the electric field within the time projection chamber.
Published: 2017

50. Kr83m calibration of the 2013 LUX dark matter search

Author: Akerib, DS, Alsum, S, Araújo, HM, Bai, X, Bailey, AJ, Balajthy, J, Beltrame, P, Bernard, EP, Bernstein, A, Biesiadzinski, TP, Boulton, EM, Brás, P, Byram, D, Cahn, SB, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Chan, C, Currie, A, Cutter, JE, Davison, TJR, Dobi, A, Druszkiewicz, E, Edwards, BN, Fallon, SR, Fan, A, Fiorucci, S, Gaitskell, RJ, Genovesi, J, Ghag, C, Gilchriese, MGD, Hall, CR, Hanhardt, M, Haselschwardt, SJ, Hertel, SA, Hogan, DP, Horn, M, Huang, DQ, Ignarra, CM, Jacobsen, RG, Ji, W, Kamdin, K, Kazkaz, K, Khaitan, D, Knoche, R, Larsen, NA, Lenardo, BG, Lesko, KT, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Manalaysay, A, Mannino, RL, Marzioni, MF, McKinsey, DN, Mei, D-M, Mock, J, Moongweluwan, M, Morad, JA, St. J. Murphy, A, Nehrkorn, C, Nelson, HN, Neves, F, O’Sullivan, K, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Palladino, KJ, Pease, EK, Rhyne, C, Shaw, S, Shutt, TA, Silva, C, Solmaz, M, Solovov, VN, Sorensen, P, Sumner, TJ, Szydagis, M, Taylor, DJ, Taylor, WC, Tennyson, BP, Terman, PA, Tiedt, DR, To, WH, Tripathi, M, Tvrznikova, L, Uvarov, S, Velan, V, Verbus, JR, Webb, RC, White, JT, Whitis, TJ, Witherell, MS, Wolfs, FLH, Xu, J, Yazdani, K, Young, SK, and Zhang, C
Subjects: Nuclear and Plasma Physics, Particle and High Energy Physics, Physical Sciences, physics.ins-det
Abstract: LUX was the first dark matter experiment to use a Kr83m calibration source. In this paper, we describe the source preparation and injection. We also present several Kr83m calibration applications in the context of the 2013 LUX exposure, including the measurement of temporal and spatial variation in scintillation and charge signal amplitudes, and several methods to understand the electric field within the time projection chamber.
Published: 2017

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Publication Type

Journal

Database

Publisher

266 results on '"Lesko KT"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources