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2. Experimental study at the nanometer scale of the gas breakdown in a controlled electrode gap

Author

Bonifaci, Nelly, Iséni, Sylvain, Le Meur, Julien, Lesaint, Olivier, Poulain, Christophe, G2Elab-Electronique de puissance (G2Elab-EP), Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Groupe de recherches sur l'énergétique des milieux ionisés (GREMI), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Sciences de l'Ingénierie et des Systèmes (INSIS - CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], [SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, [SPI.PLASMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Plasmas, [SPI.OPTI]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Optics / Photonic, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]
Abstract

International audience; The breakdown voltage (Vb) of gases can be reasonably estimated using Paschen's law, which is based on assumptions such as a perfectly uniform electric field, and infinite electrode size. This analytical approach has demonstrated remarkable capability in redicting Vb in numerous cases, by scaling it by the product of pressure and nter-electrode distance (p·d). This description is quite efficient and convenient over wide ranges of pressure and gap distance. However, the robustness of Paschen's law in predicting consistent values of Vb is severely compromised at gap distances shorter than typically 1 micrometer at atmospheric pressure. Several studies have provided experimental, theoretical, and simulation evidences highlighting these limitations. This raised significant concerns, both theoretical and practical, about the insulation properties of gases at short distances. This study focuses on experimentally investigating Vb of air in short electrode gaps, ranging from 100 nm to 6 μm. The electrode system consists of a silicon wafer coated with gold, connected to ground. The anode connected to high voltage is a sharp CuBe needle coated with gold, with 20 μm tip radius of curvature. The gap distance is controlled by a piezoelectric actuator. Ambient air is used at atmospheric pressure, allowing for comparisons with data from existing literature. Complementary experiments are also performed in a closed chamber allowing to vary the pressure from 10-4 mbar to 3.0 bar, and control the gas purity and water content.

Published
2023

7. Décharge micro-Gap: quelles pistes pour un claquage sans avalanche?

Author

Iséni, Sylvain, Lagarrigue, Huggo, Poulain, Christophe, Lesaint, Olivier, Bonifaci, Nelly, Groupe de recherches sur l'énergétique des milieux ionisés (GREMI), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Soutien financier IPMC Réseau des Plasmas Froids, and Iséni, Sylvain

Subjects
[SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], [SPI.ELEC] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, [SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, [SPI.PLASMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Plasmas, [SPI.PLASMA] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Plasmas, [SPI.FLUID] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]
Abstract

7èmes Journées Scientifiques 2022 GT Matériaux Diélectriques, GdR SEEDS, Grenoble"Décharges électriques et matériaux isolants : Phénomènes et Applications"; National audience; La rupture dielectrique d’un gaz est un aspect critique pour les applications reposant sur l’isolation électrique telles qu’utilisée dans les dispositifs de coupures électriques ou autres systèmes de contact. La tension de claquage peut elle, être estimée en bonne approximation grâce à la loi de Paschen établie il y a plus d’un siècle. Cette dernière est basée sur des fondements théoriques simples moyennant un certains nombres d’hypothèses (champ électrique rigoureusement uniforme, dimensions infinies des électroqdes, rugosité de surface nulle…). Cette approche analytique a montré sa capacité remarquable de prédiction de la tension de claquage pour un nombre incalculable de systèmes non-idéaux. S’artilant autour du produit pression·distance (p·d), la loi de Paschen s’exploite sur une large échelle de pression couplée à des distances relativement adaptées à leurs utilisations; des distances macroscopiques. Indépendament des incertitudes autours des constantes présentes dans formalisme mathématique, la fiabilité que l’on connait de cette loi faillie dès lors que les distances inter-électrodes se rapprochent du micromètre et en dessous. Plusieurs études ont téhoriques et expérimentales ont déjà mis en évidence cette limitation qui remet en question le caratère isolant d’un gaz même à des préssions de lors de l’atmosphère ou au-dessus.Cette contribution rapporte les premiers résultats du d’étude expérimentale visant à mieux comprendre les mécanismes de claquages lors de très faibles distances inter-électrodes. Les distances typiques sont de l’ordre de la centaine de nanomètres entre une pointe de rayon de courbure de quelques micromètres et un plan de faible rugosité relativement au gap. Des conditions expérimentales spécifiques permettront de mettre en évidence la possibilité d’initier un claquage à des tensions de 30V ce qui ouvre de nouvelles perspectives notamment dans le domaine de microsystèmes de type MEMS.

Published
2022

11. Electrical breakdown in gases with electrode gap at the nanometer scale

Author

Bonifaci, Nelly, Lagarrigue, Huggo, Iséni, Sylvain, Lesaint, Olivier, Poulain, Christophe, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Groupe de recherches sur l'énergétique des milieux ionisés (GREMI), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SPI.ELEC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electromagnetism, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph], [SPI.FLUID]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Reactive fluid environment, [SPI.PLASMA]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Plasmas, [SPI.GPROC]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Chemical and Process Engineering, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]
Abstract

International audience; Electrical breakdown in gases is a critical aspect for applications relying on electrical insulation such as circuit breakers or contactors. The voltage breakdown (VK) can be estimated in a reasonable order using the Paschen’s law1. Theoretically based on ideal assumptions ‒e.g. perfectly uniform electric field, infinitely large electrode size, …‒ this analytical approach has shown remarkable capability to predict VK in an innumerable quantity of systems. Centered around the product pressure times inter-electrode distance (p·d), the Paschen’s law scales a large pressure range coupled with the gap distance which makes it very convenient to use. The robustness of the Paschen’s law to predict consistent values of VK clearly fails at gap distances shorter than a micrometer at atmospheric pressure. Many studies have brought experimental2, theoretical3 and simulation4 evidences of such limitations which seriously questions the insulation properties of gases at short distances.This study focuses on the experimental investigation of VK in very short electrode gap ranging from 100 nm to 1 µm. The system consist on a silicon plane coated with gold or aluminum and connected to the ground. The anode is a sharp tungsten needle of 10 µm or 20 µm radius of curvature mounted on a piezo-transductor. The needle is coated with gold. Conventionally, air gas is used at atmospheric pressure. The experiments are realized in ambient conditions to compared with data from the literature and in a controlled chamber. The later is used to set the pressure which will be varied from 10-4 mbar to 3.0 bar and the purity of the gas. A specific attention is paid to the control of the humidity which is a parameter investigated in this study. The evolution of VK depending on the electrode distance evidences a clear deviation from the prediction of the Paschen’s law. In some conditions, VK values were found below 30V and open new opportunities in industrial applications. 1 F. Paschen, Ann. Phys. 273, 69 (1889).2 A. Peschot, N. Bonifaci, O. Lesaint, C. Valadares, and C. Poulain, Appl. Phys. Lett. 105, 123109 (2014).3 A.M. Loveless and A.L. Garner, Phys. Plasmas 24, 113522 (2017).4 Y. Fu, P. Zhang, J.P. Verboncoeur, and X. Wang, Plasma Res. Express 2, 013001 (2020).

Published
2021

12. Pre-Breakdown and Breakdown Phenomena in Liquid Nitrogen With a Tape–Plane Electrode Geometry

Author

Chassagnoux, Raphael, Lesaint, Olivier, Bonifaci, Nelly, Gallot-Lavallee, Olivier, Creusot, Christophe, and Girodet, Alain

Abstract

Pre-breakdown and breakdown phenomena are investigated in liquid nitrogen (LN $_{{2}}{)}$ with a tape-plane electrode geometry. Different voltage waveforms are used: lightning and switching standard impulses, step impulse (STI), and dc ramp. The influence of temperature is also investigated, by sub-cooling LN2 down to 65 K. Breakdown voltage depends on polarity, gap distance, temperature, and high voltage (HV) waveform: the longer the waveform, the lower the breakdown voltage. Positive pre-breakdown streamers are about three decades faster than negative ones. With short-duration lightning impulses (LIs), the propagation of slow negative streamers is quenched, resulting in higher breakdown voltage. In boiling conditions, slow negative streamers may propagate for long durations. Sub-cooling LN2 induces a slight increase in streamer initiation voltage and impedes the propagation of slow streamers due to condensation.

Published
2023
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15. Prebreakdown and Breakdown Phenomena in HFO Gas Under Impulse Voltage—Part I: Divergent Field

Author

Soulie, Simon, Lesaint, Olivier, Bonifaci, Nelly, and Gentils, Francois

Abstract

Prebreakdown and breakdown phenomena in hydrofluoroolefin (HFO)1234ze(E) gas are studied with a wide range of electrode geometries, characterized by a field enhancement factor $\eta $ ranging from 1.7 (quasi-uniform field) to 90 (very divergent field). As in sulphul hexa-fluoride (SF $_{{6}}{)}$ , breakdown in HFO results from the inception and propagation of leaders. Depending on the field geometry, the measured breakdown voltage represents either the voltage required for leader complete propagation (in divergent field, $\eta >10$ ), or for inception (in quasi-uniform field, $\eta < 10$ ). This article mostly concerns results obtained with divergent fields. Leader propagation in HFO is barely influenced by pressure, and the minimum voltage required for propagation to breakdown is slightly lower compared to SF6, explaining that lower breakdown voltages are recorded with HFO in divergent field. In such conditions, breakdown voltage is mainly determined by the gap distance. HFO degradation, evidenced by the formation of black soot after breakdown, has no influence on leader propagation and thus on breakdown properties in divergent fields.

Published
2023
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16. Prebreakdown and Breakdown Phenomena in HFO Gas Under Impulse Voltage—Part II: Quasi-Uniform Field

Author

Soulie, Simon, Bonifaci, Nelly, Lesaint, Olivier, and Gentils, Francois

Abstract

Breakdown phenomena in the Hydrofluoroolefin 1234zeE gas (HFO) are studied under impulse voltage in moderately divergent field, with field enhancement factor $\eta < 10$ . The first breakdown voltage recorded in new HFO with clean electrodes is higher than in SF6. However, the degradation of HFO by discharges induces the formation of soot deposited on electrodes, which strongly facilitates the inception of subsequent prebreakdown leaders: both inception field and statistical delay to inception are reduced. As a consequence, the breakdown voltage of HFO with polluted electrodes drops and becomes lower than in SF6 in identical conditions. This deleterious effect is not recorded in negative polarity.

Published
2023
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19. Claquage dans l'azote liquide sous chauffage pulsé, et application aux limiteurs supraconducteurs HVDC

Author

Chassagnoux, Raphaël, Lesaint, Olivier, Bonifaci, Nelly, Gallot-Lavallee, Olivier, Legendre, Pierre, Creusot, Christophe, Girodet, Alain, and G2Elab, HAL

Subjects
limiteur de courant, claquage, azote liquide, haute tension, [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

Une étude expérimentale des phénomènes de claquage et de pré-claquage dans l'azote liquide (LN2) est réalisée, dans le but d'apporter des données utiles pour la conception de systèmes supraconducteurs haute tension. Un ruban métallique soumis à un chauffage pulsé est utilisé pour simuler les conditions de fonctionnement d'un appareil supraconducteur lors d'une transition supraconducteur/résistif. Les mesures des tensions de claquage entre le ruban et une électrode plane montrent la forte influence de la polarité du ruban, de la température du LN2 et du délai entre le chauffage et l'application de la tension. Des visualisations obtenues avec une caméra à haute vitesse permettent de caractériser la séquence d'événements de pré-claquage : ébullition du liquide, développement de bulles de vapeur ionisées, et propagation d'un streamer.

Published
2020

20. Questions ouvertes et nouveaux mécanismes : claquage dans les liquides

Author

Lesaint, Olivier, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and Garcia, Sylvie

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

National audience

Published
2019

21. Prebreakdown and Breakdown in Liquid Nitrogen under Pulsed Heating for Superconducting Applications

Author

Chassagnoux, Raphaël, Lesaint, Olivier, Bonifaci, Nelly, Gallot-Lavallée, Olivier, Legendre, Pierre, Creusot, Christophe, Girodet, Alain, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), SuperGrid Institute SAS, and Garcia, Sylvie

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

22. Ceramic Substrates and Liquids: Origin of Partial Discharges, and High Temperature Properties

Author

Lesaint, Olivier, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and Garcia, Sylvie

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

23. Influence of Subcooling on Breakdown and Prebreadown in Heated Liquid Nitrogen

Author

Chassagnoux, Raphaël, Lesaint, Olivier, Bonifaci, Nelly, Gallot-Lavallée, Olivier, Legendre, Pierre, Creusot, Christophe, Girodet, Alain, Garcia, Sylvie, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and SuperGrid Institute SAS

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

24. Streamers dans l’air en présence d’isolants solides, et critères de claquage

Author

Trémas, Laure, Lesaint, Olivier, Bonifaci, Nelly, Ohl, B., Gentils, François, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Schneider Electric, Groupe Schneider Electric, and Garcia, Sylvie

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

25. Discharges in Sub-µm Gaps: A Way for the Design of Integrated Low Voltage Spark Gaps

Author

Ngouotto, N., Lesaint, Olivier, Bonifaci, Nelly, Gallot-Lavallée, Olivier, Sridi-Convers, N., Poulain, Christophe, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

26. Breakdown Characteristics and Pre-Breakdown Phenomena in Liquid and Boiling Nitrogen with a Tape-Shaped Electrode for r-SCFCL Applications

Author

Chassagnoux, R., Lesaint, Olivier, Bonifaci, Nelly, Gallot-Lavallée, Olivier, Flury, Sébastien, Palenzuela, Jean-Luc, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), and Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

27. Propriétés de claquage du gaz HFO1234ze(E) sous champs électriques uniforme et divergent

Author

Maladen, Romain, Gentils, François, Merini, H., Bonifaci, Nelly, Lesaint, Olivier, Schneider Electric ( SE), Schneider Electric, Groupe Schneider Electric, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and Garcia, Sylvie

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

28. Contribution of the Coating of Carbon Nanotubes to Improve the Performances of Energy Harvesting Dielectric Elastomer Generators

Author

Kachroudi, Achraf, Liu, Yi, Fan, B., Lesaint, Olivier, Bai, J., Sylvestre, Alain, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and Garcia, Sylvie

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

33. Dielectric relaxation and ionic conduction in 66%Silica/CW229-3/HW229-1 microcomposite polymer

Author

Rain Pascal, Lesaint Olivier, Kahouli Abdelkader, and Rigaud Céline

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Materials science, Mechanical Engineering, Dielectric, Polymer, Epoxy, Thermal conduction, Fick's laws of diffusion, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Dielectric spectroscopy, chemistry, Mechanics of Materials, visual_art, Desorption, Ceramics and Composites, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Ionic conductivity, Composite material
Abstract

Composites of epoxy resin with high percentage of silica fillers (66%) are designed to improve mechanical and electrical properties of transformers used in railway application. FTIR, (DRX and FE-SEM) and absorption/desorption phenomena are used to investigate the structure, the morphology and the diffusion of water in the microcomposites, respectively. Good dispersion of silica filler with size less than 10 μm was assessed by SEM, although some clustering (agglomerates) of greater than 1 μm was observed. The absorption water in the microcomposite obeys to the first Fickian law and shows saturation water of 0.6%. The calculation of the diffusion coefficient of water leads to a value of 2.9*10−12 m2 s−1 in the studied system. Relaxation times of α-relaxation and ionic conduction relaxation processes are determined. A correlation is observed between the ionic conductivity and dielectric relaxation processes. The dc-current behavior shows a change in the conduction mechanism from electronic conduction below the Tg to ionic conduction above the Tg. Shallow traps of 0.54 eV and deep traps of 2.21 eV are determined below and above the Tg, respectively. The TSC analysis confirms the VFT behavior of the α-relaxation of the microcomposite as obtained by the dielectric spectroscopy.

Published
2015
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34. New composite elastomers for soft wave energy converters

Author

Akachroudi, Y., Liu, B., Fan, B., Lesaint, Olivier, Jean-Mistral, Claire, Bai, J., Sylvestre, Alain, Garcia, Sylvie, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Laboratoire de Mécanique des Contacts et des Structures [Villeurbanne] (LaMCoS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

35. Creeping discharge in air: streamer visualizations and transient current

Author

Trémas, Laure, Lesaint, Olivier, Bonifaci, Nelly, B., Ohl, Gentils, François, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Schneider Electric, Groupe Schneider Electric, and Garcia, Sylvie

Subjects
[SPI]Engineering Sciences [physics], [SPI] Engineering Sciences [physics], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

36. Generation of vapor bubbles and streamer initiation in water under long duration impulses

Author

Adda, Pierre, Lesaint, Olivier, Boussetta, Nadia, Vorobiev, Eugène, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Transformation Intégrée de la Matière Renouvelable (TIMR), and Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC)

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

37. Adnaced Spectral Diagnostics to Study Electrical Discharges in Dense Fluids

Author

Li, Z., Bonifaci, Nelly, Lesaint, Olivier, Eloranta, Jussi, Atrazhev, V.M., Shakhatov, V. A., Van-Haeften, K., Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université Californie, University of California [Los Angeles] (UCLA), University of California-University of California, Joint Institute for High Temperatures (JIHT) and Russian Academy of Sciences, Izhorskaya St. 13, Department of Physics and Astronomy [Leicester], and University of Leicester

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

38. Recommendations for Surface Resistivity Characterization under High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC)

Author

Zavattoni, Laëtitia, Vu, C. T., Vinson, Paul, Girodet, Alain, HANNA, Rachelle, Lesaint, Olivier, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and SuperGrid Institute SAS

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

39. Electric breakdown strength of new elastomer polymer sandwiched with compliant electrodes for soft electrostatic generators

Author

Kachroudi, Achraf, Lesaint, Olivier, Iglesias, Sophie, Jean-Mistral, Claire, Pruvost, Sébastien, Bai, Jinbo, Taine, Emmanuel, Sylvestre, Alain, Garcia, Sylvie, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères (IMP), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Laboratoire de Mécanique des Contacts et des Structures [Villeurbanne] (LaMCoS), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de mécanique des sols, structures et matériaux (MSSMat), CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SBM France, and SBM offshore

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

40. Creeping discharges in liquids and gases: some results about the interaction between streamers and insulating solids

Author

Lesaint, Olivier, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), and Chadebec, Olivier

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

International audience

Published
2017

41. Dark Current Measurements in Humid SF 6 at High Uniform Electric Field

Author

HANNA, Rachelle, Lesaint, Olivier, Zavattoni, Laëtitia, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), and Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2016

42. ELECTRICAL BREAKDOWN VOLTAGE IN MICRO-AND SUBMICROMETER CONTACT GAPS (100NM-10µM) IN AIR AND NITROGEN

Author

Peschot, Alexis, Poulain, Christophe, Bonifaci, Nelly, Lesaint, Olivier, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire Caratérisation et Fiabilité des Microsystèmes (LCFM), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

43. Dark current measurements in humid SF6:influence of electrode roughness, relativehumidity and pressure

Author

Zavattoni, Laetitia, Hanna, Rachelle, Lesaint, Olivier, Gallot-Lavallée, Olivier, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, high elecrtic field, dark currents, SF6
Abstract

International audience; The measurement of ‘dark current’ in pressurized SF6 at high electric field is performed usingelectrodes with a coaxial geometry. To identify the main mechanisms involved in measuredcurrents, the influences of electrode roughness, gas pressure and relative humidity have beeninvestigated. The experimental results reveal that charge injection from the electrode constitutethe predominant process responsible for the dark current. The latter is nearly identicalin positive and negative polarities, and shows an exponential increase versus the relativehumidity and the electric field. The analysis of results shows that under high electric field,the emission of charged water clusters from the water films adsorbed on electrodes probablyconstitutes the main mechanism of charge emission.

Published
2015

44. Structure effect of thin film polypropylene view by dielectricspectroscopy and X-ray diffraction: Application to dry typepower capacitors

Author

Kahouli, Abdelkader, Gallot-Lavallée, Olivier, Rain, Pascal, Lesaint, Olivier, Heux, Laurent, Guillermin, Christophe, Lupin, Jean-Marc, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology, Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Rectiphase-Schneider Electric, Schneider Electric, and Garcia, Sylvie

Subjects
spectroscopy, applications, dielectric properties, [SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, microscopy, structure-property relations, [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

International audience; This work reports on the relationship between structure and dielectric properties of biaxially oriented polypropylene. Themorphology of semicrystalline bioriented isotactic polypropylene films is investigated using wide angle X-ray diffraction and PolarizedOptical Microscopy. A b-orthorhombic structure, with a crystallinity ratio of about 46%, and “Crater” morphology of the b-form isidentified. Dielectric properties are measured by Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy over a wide temperature range (2150 to 1258C).Since the dissipation factor of the PP is very low, special care was taken to obtain valid data. Two main relaxation processesare observed: a a-relaxation peak associated to the glass transition temperature (Tg) at temperature about 278C, and a broadb*-relaxation at about 2608C, partly attributed to CH orientation. The variation of the dissipation factor versus sample thickness(from 3.8 to 11.8 mm) is correlated and partly explained by the increase of crystallinity ratio and lamella size at larger thicknesses.It comes out that the thinnest film seems perfectly meet the application requesting, namely lowest dissipation factor and highestpermittivity.

Published
2015
Full Text
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45. Study of the electrical and physico-chemical mechanisms induced by High Voltage Electrical Discharges and application to biomolecules extraction

Author

Adda, Pierre, Koubaa, W., Boussetta, Nadia, Grimi, N., Vorobiev, Eugen, Lesaint, Olivier, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Transformation Intégrée de la Matière Renouvelable (TIMR), Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC), Institute of Solution Chemistry of the RAS, Ivanovo, and Chadebec, Olivier

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

46. Application of high voltage electrical discharges for the recovery of antioxidant compounds from grape seeds

Author

Adda, Pierre, Koubaa, W., Boussetta, Nadia, Grimi, N., Vorobiev, Eugen, Lesaint, Olivier, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Transformation Intégrée de la Matière Renouvelable (TIMR), Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC), Institute of Solution Chemistry of the RAS, Ivanovo, and Chadebec, Olivier

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

47. Study of the electrical and chemical mechanisms induced by high voltage electrical discharges and application to biomolecules extraction, ECCE10-ECAB3-EPIC5

Author

Adda, Pierre, Koubaa, W., Boussetta, Nadia, Grimi, N., Vorobiev, Eugen, Lesaint, Olivier, Chadebec, Olivier, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Transformation Intégrée de la Matière Renouvelable (TIMR), Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC), Institute of Solution Chemistry of the RAS, and Ivanovo

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

48. Dielectric relaxation and ionic conduction in 66% Silica/CW229-3/HW229-1 microcomposite polymer

Author

Kahouli, Abdelkader, Rain, Pascal, Lesaint, Olivier, Rigaud, Céline, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2015

49. Dielectric features of two grades of bi-oriented isotactic polypropylene

Author

Kahouli, Abdelkader, Gallot-Lavallée, Olivier, Rain, Pascal, Lesaint, Olivier, Guillermin, Christophe, Lupin, Jean-Marc, Garcia, Sylvie, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology, Rectiphase-Schneider Electric, and Schneider Electric

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power, [SPI.NRJ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

International audience; The dielectric properties of two grades of bi-oriented isotactic polypropylene were studied with a variety of techniques:breakdown field measurements, dielectric spectroscopy, thermally stimulated depolarization currents (Is), and direct-current (dc) conductionI values. Standard polypropylene (STPP) and high-crystallinity polypropylene (HCPP) films were investigated. Measurementswere carried out over a wide temperature range (2150C/1125C). The breakdown fields in both materials showed a very small difference.On the other hand, the dielectric losses and dc conduction I values were significantly lower in HCPP. Both materials showeda decrease in the dielectric loss versus temperature in the range 20–90C; this is favorable for application in alternating-current powercapacitors. The analysis of the dc I value allowed us to find evidence of two main conduction mechanisms: (1) below 80C in bothmaterials, a hopping mechanism due to the motion of electrons occurred in the amorphous phase, and (2) above 80C, ionic conductionoccurred in HCPP, and hopping conduction occurred in STPP.

Published
2015
Full Text
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50. Dark current measurements in pressurized SF6: influence of relative humidity and temperature

Author

Zavattoni, Laetitia, Hanna, Rachel, Lesaint, Olivier, Gallot-Lavallée, Olivier, Laboratoire de Génie Electrique de Grenoble (G2ELab), and Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SPI.NRJ]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electric power
Abstract

International audience; Current measurements in pressurized gases at high electric field are performed using electrodes with coaxial geometry. To identify the main mechanisms involved in “dark current” measured, the influences of electrode roughness, gas pressure, relative humidity and temperature have been investigated. The experimental results reveal that charge injection from the electrode constitute the main mechanism responsible for dark current. The latter is considerably modified when relative humidity RH is changed via the influence of pressure and temperature. The measured current shows an exponential increase versus electric field and also versus RH. It is thus assumed that water adsorbed on the electrodes induces an enhancement of charge injection from the electrode surface.

Published
2014

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