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The building and construction sector is the largest emitter of greenhouse gases, accounting for 37% of global emissions. The production and use of materials such as cement, steel, and aluminum contribute significantly to this carbon footprint. Utilizing valorized agricultural by-products, such as hemp shiv and sunflower pith, in construction can enhance the insulating properties of materials and reduce their environmental impact by capturing CO2. Additionally, during the formulation process, molecules such as polyphenols and sugars are released, depending on process parameters like pH and temperature. In some cases, these releases can cause issues, such as delaying the hardening of agro-based concrete or serving as binding agents in binderless particle boards. This study focuses on the molecules released during the processing of these materials, with particular attention to the effects of pH and temperature, and the modifications to the plant particles resulting from these conditions. Physical, chemical, and morphological analyses were conducted on the treated hemp shiv particles (HS1 and HS2). No physical or morphological differences were observed between the samples. However, chemical differences, particularly in the lignin and soluble compound content, were noted and were linked to the release of plant substances during the process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surfactants find applications in almost every chemical industry, such as household and industrial cleaning, paper, inks, agrochemicals, and personal care or pharmaceuticals. However, their production and use can have a negative impact on the environment and health. Increasing environmental concerns and the strong interest in renewable resources have led to the development of innovative and environmentally friendly surfactants produced by clean and/or sustainable technologies. The aim of this review is to explore the different types of surfactants and their architectures. Then, it will describe the two categories of renewable surfactants: biosurfactants obtained by fermentation, and bio‐based surfactants containing either a bio‐sourced polar head group or a bio‐sourced hydrophobic tail. Finally, this review will focus on highly specialized applications of surfactants (protein crystallization, transfection, and nanotechnology), which are closely related to the ability of surfactants to organize themselves in supramolecular architectures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Glucosyl-1,5-benzodiazepin-2,4-diones were synthesized in order to study the influence of the glucidic moiety on the amphiphilic behaviour. The glucosyl groups include 6-deoxy-D-glucopyranos-6-yl and 6-deoxy-3-O-R-D-glucopyranos-6-yl(R = n − CnH2n+1; n = 1, 8, 10 and 12). Variation in the length of the hydrocarbon chain allowed comparison of such amphiphilic data as water solubility(Sw) and surface tension(γ) values. At 25°C, the glucopyranosyl benzodiazepines with R = H and CH3 show a higher water solubility than the starting 1,5-benzodiazepin-2,4-diones. Some other glucidic benzodiazepine derivatives with an appropriate alkyl chain at C-3 carbon of the D-glucopyranose present a variable hydrosolubility and surface tensionγ values close to 43 to 46 mN · m−1 at the corresponding saturation. Moreover, according to preliminary tests, these compounds seem to show a better affinity for the blood brain barrier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hemibiotrophic fungus Zymoseptoria tritici, responsible for Septoria tritici blotch, is currently the most devastating foliar disease on wheat crops worldwide. Here, we explored, for the first time, the ability of rhamnolipids (RLs) to control this pathogen, using a total of 19 RLs, including a natural RL mixture produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 18 bioinspired RLs synthesized using green chemistry, as well as two related compounds (lauric acid and dodecanol). These compounds were assessed for in vitro antifungal effect, in planta defence elicitation (peroxidase and catalase enzyme activities), and protection efficacy on the wheat-Z. tritici pathosystem. Interestingly, a structure-activity relationship analysis revealed that synthetic RLs with a 12 carbon fatty acid tail were the most effective for all examined biological activities. This highlights the importance of the C12 chain in the bioactivity of RLs, likely by acting on the plasma membranes of both wheat and Z. tritici cells. The efficacy of the most active compound Rh-Est-C12 was 20-fold lower in planta than in vitro; an optimization of the formulation is thus required to increase its effectiveness. No Z. tritici strain-dependent activity was scored for Rh-Est-C12 that exhibited similar antifungal activity levels towards strains differing in their resistance patterns to demethylation inhibitor fungicides, including multi-drug resistance strains. This study reports new insights into the use of bio-inspired RLs to control Z. tritici. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hemibiotrophic fungus Zymoseptoria tritici , responsible for Septoria tritici blotch, is currently the most devastating foliar disease on wheat crops worldwide. Here, we explored, for the first time, the ability of rhamnolipids (RLs) to control this pathogen, using a total of 19 RLs, including a natural RL mixture produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 18 bioinspired RLs synthesized using green chemistry, as well as two related compounds (lauric acid and dodecanol). These compounds were assessed for in vitro antifungal effect , in planta defence elicitation (peroxidase and catalase enzyme activities), and protection efficacy on the wheat- Z. tritici pathosystem. Interestingly, a structure-activity relationship analysis revealed that synthetic RLs with a 12 carbon fatty acid tail were the most effective for all examined biological activities. This highlights the importance of the C12 chain in the bioactivity of RLs, likely by acting on the plasma membranes of both wheat and Z. tritici cells. The efficacy of the most active compound Rh-Est-C12 was 20-fold lower in planta than in vitro; an optimization of the formulation is thus required to increase its effectiveness. No Z. tritici strain-dependent activity was scored for Rh-Est-C12 that exhibited similar antifungal activity levels towards strains differing in their resistance patterns to demethylation inhibitor fungicides, including multi-drug resistance strains. This study reports new insights into the use of bio-inspired RLs to control Z. tritici .

Natural rhamnolipids are potential biocontrol agents for plant protection against bacterial and fungal diseases. In this work, we synthetized new synthetic mono-rhamnolipids (smRLs) consisting in a rhamnose connected to a simple acyl chain and differing by the nature of the link and the length of the lipid tail. We then investigated the effects of these ether, ester, carbamate or succinate smRL derivatives on Botrytis cinerea development, symptoms spreading on tomato leaves and immune responses in tomato plants. Our results demonstrate that synthetic smRLs are able to trigger early and late immunity-related plant defense responses in tomato and increase plant resistance against B. cinerea in controlled conditions. Structure-function analysis showed that chain length of the lipidic part and type of acyl chain were critical to smRLs immune activity and to the extent of symptoms caused by the fungus on tomato leaves.

A new class of mono-substituted N-alkyl-N,N-dimethylammonium-beta-cyclodextrins has been synthesized in a three step procedure from the native beta-cyclodextrin. The structural analysis of these compounds undertaken by combined use of 1D and 2D NMR spectra indicate that the two methyl groups bound on the nitrogen are magnetically inequivalent due to a self-inclusion phenomenon of the alkyl chain inside the CD cavity. A variable-temperature 1H NMR study showed that these mono-substituted CD derivatives formed temperature-independent intramolecular complexes with their own alkylammonium substituent. The strength of the interaction between the alkyl moiety and the cyclodextrin cavity has been evaluated by a competitive method using an adamantane derivative. Finally, surface tension measurements demonstrated the surface active character of these compounds and confirmed their self-inclusion ability.