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Cereals are essential for human nutrition. Unfortunately, the worldwide demographic evolution (continually increasing) makes it difficult to maintain the security of this food source. To overcome this situation, increasing the yield of these species is necessary. The aim of the present research is to make a comparative economic analysis between different varieties of winter barley, winter wheat and triticale varieties in the period 2018-2023 at Agricultural Research and Development Station (ARDS) Secuieni, Neamt County, Romania. The economic indicators taken into consideration were: yield, production value, production cost, total expenditures, gross and net profit. The data were processed and statistically interpreted based on variance analysis, coefficient of variation, using Microsoft Excel and ANOVA 2013 programs. The results regarding yield showed that on the first place is winter wheat with an average yield of 7,413 kg · ha-1, the second place is winter barley with an average yield of 6,340 kg · ha-1, and the last place is triticales, with an average yield of 6,145 kg · ha-1. From an economic point of view, winter wheat is on first place, with a net profit of approximately double compared to the other two cereals. The net profit was 3,109 lei · ha-1 for winter wheat, 1,766 lei · ha-1 for winter barley, and 1,635 lei · ha-1 for triticale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microgreens represent a healthy alternative in nutrition, due to their high nutritional value and unique sensory characteristics. The light, the temperature or the density influences the photosynthetic and metabolic activity of microgreens, having a beneficial effect on their nutritional quality. In 2023, an experiment was carried out with microgreens from a hemp variety at IULS Iasi. This explored two growing environments, controlled versus uncontrolled (growth chamber versus window) and seven different seeding densities ranging from 40 to 280 microgreens/100 cm². The results revealed that the variant with 280 microgreens/100 cm² in the growth chamber recorded the highest fresh matter of 12.864 g/100 cm², while the variant with 40 microgreens/100 cm² in the growth chamber presented the highest content of chlorophyll pigments (13.1 CCI). The highest value of vitamin C (58.0 mg/100 g product) was found in D160 variant and the highest content in total soluble solids (4.33°Bx) belongs to the D200 variant, both from the growth chamber. Results underline the importance of selecting appropriate growth conditions and seeding densities for optimizing the qualitative and quantitative properties of hemp microgreens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thus, the paper presents the results of the research carried out on the winter wheat crop, in the period 2020-2023, in the pedoclimatic conditions from A.R.D.S. Secuieni-Neam?, regarding the influence of three tools, namely, the plough, the chisel, and the disk, works carried out at four working depths (15 cm, 20 cm, 30 cm and 30 cm + 10 cm) and two working modes (work done out in every year in alternation: one - two - three years), and two working modes (work done out in every year in alternation: one - two - three years). During the three years of experimentation, the averages of the winter wheat yield varied within quite large limits, from 4676 kg ha-1, in the variant where the land was permanently worked with the disk at a depth between 12-15 cm, and the maximum of 5936 kg • ha-1, in the version in which the work carried out was to plow at 30 cm + 10 cm. Regarding the content of protein, oil, and starch, they had close values between the variants, the tillage not influencing these quality indices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the climatic conditions of the Center of Moldavia (Romania), there are eight sorghum hybrids cultivated for grains (Arsky, Foehn, Albanus, Shamal, Kalatur şi Armorik, Elan and Alimentar) in order to establish their adaptability to the conditions of the area, by taking into account the current problems of agriculture caused by climate change and the need to find a solutions to fight hunger and improve human health. This study focused on two directions, namely: identifying genotypes that achieve the highest productions and establishing food value and the benefits of sorghum grains on human health by analysing the physico chemical composition of the grains, by determining the mineral content of the grain and by determining the composition in amino acids. The grain production had ranged from 8623 kg/ha to 11181 kg/ha. This production had characterized by a protein content between 8.84 % and 12.80 %, in lipid content between 3.39 % and 4.15 %, in raw fibre content between 2.15 % and 3.95 % and the starch content was between 66.70 % and 74.66 %. The analysed mineral content of the sorghum samples has the following values (mg/100g a.s.): phosphorus - 280 - 330; potassium - 520 - 610; calcium - 2.4 - 3.9; magnesium - 260 - 290; iron - 11.6 - 18.9; zinc - 1.94 - 2.42; copper - 0.23 - 0.36; manganese - 1.60 - 1.97. Analysing the amino acid composition of sorghum samples it can be said that the samples contain all the essential amino acids, in concentrations that, some of them, exceed the recommended daily dose (FAO/WHO/UNU): leucine, isoleucine, histidine, valine. Also the analysed sorghum seeds add an important content of methionine, threonine and phenylalanine.

One of the most polyphagous pests encountered in maize crops is Tanymecus dilaticollis Gyll. which, are consuming the plants foliage in the first phenophases of vegetation and reduce the crop density. Between 2018 and 2021, the series of research carried out in the Center of Moldova concerning the T. dillaticollis Gyll. pest continued and consisted in monitoring the insect attack produced at: (I) maize sown in different sowing timing and (II) different Romanian and foreign maize genotypes. The maize seeds were treated with systemic insecticide from the neonicotinoid class (imidacloprid 600 g/l) according to the disclaimers received year after year from the Ministry of Agriculture in Romania. In the experimented period, the lowest degree of attack was recorded in the late sowing time, at the beginning of May and in mid-May compared to the optimal sowing time, and the most affected by the attack of hibernating adults was the maize sown early. Regarding the attack produced in Romanian and foreign maize genotypes, it was found five of the hybrids experimented registered attack below the average experience. The results show that sowing time and maize genotype have a smaller role as opposed to spring weather conditions which are influencing the attack size and adult density in the maize crop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breeding research for the common wheat crop has focused on quality and yield. These are closely related to each other because high yield without adequate quality or good quality without satisfactory production are not profitable for the farmer. At A.R.D.S. Secuieni, in the period 2019-2022, Romanian winter wheat varieties were tested in order to establish their yield and quality. These were influenced by the variety, the climatic conditions but also by the phase fertilization applied. On average in the three years studied, the productions had values between 7108 kg/ha (Pitar) and 8442 kg/ha (Semnal) in the case of fertilized variants and between 6201 kg/ha (Miranda) and 7669 kg/ha (Abundent) in the case of unfertilized variants. Regarding the quality of common wheat varieties, the content in protein, starch and gluten was monitored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experience was in the experimental field of the A.R.D.S. Secuieni, and it was a bifactorial experience, of the 5 x 5 type, in five repetitions so that A factor was represented by different doses of phosphorus (a1 - P0; a2 - P40; a3 - P80; a4 - P120; a5 - P160 kg P2O5/ha), and B factor was represented by different doses of nitrogen (b1 - N0; b2 - N40; b3 - N80; b4 - N120; b5 - N160,kg N/ha). On average, during the ten years of testing, the productions varied within quite wide limits, from 6252 kg·ha-1, in the variant in which no dose of fertilizer was applied (control - N0P0), and the maximum was recorded in the variant in which the dose of fertilizer administered was N160P160 active substance, whose production was 9319 kg·ha-1. As for the protein content, it was different from one year to another, the minimum was obtained in the N0P40 variant, in 2019, being 8.1%, and the maximum was obtained in the variant for which the applied dose of fertilizer was N160P120, with a protein content of 13.8%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Starting with 2022 at the Secuieni Agricultural Research-Development Station, millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) was introduced for study. In this paper are presented partial results obtained regarding the behavior and yields obtained with two millet genotypes experimented with different rates of seeds and foliar fertilization applied products. The obtained results showed that the millet has a good adaptability to the Secuieni pedoclimatic condition registered in 2022. Thus, the millet average yields was of 3144 kg/ha when it was sown with a seed rate of 10 kg/ha, 3324 kg/ha at a seed rate of 14 kg/ha and 3517 kg/ha when the seed rate was 18 kg/ha. Regarding the foliar fertilization of the millet crop, the yields values, both the highest and the lowest, were recorded for the Marius variety sown with a seed rate of 10 kg/ha and foliar fertilized with the commercial product Terra Sorb (2.0 l/ha) (3687 kg/ha), respectively with the commercial product Albit (0.04 l/ha) (3048 kg/ha). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of temporary meadows is of particular scientific importance, because they make possible the edification and characterization of some essential aspects regarding the relationship between the diversity, stability and maturity of ecosystems; the relationships between species; the biological balance between natural and artificial ecosystems; aspects that are greatly debated nowadays. They can replace degraded permanent meadows, or on arable land intended for fodder. When creating the mixtures, the basic requirement that must be taken into account is that they form a uniform grass cover and are well adapted to stationary conditions. The importance of developing temporary meadows led to the initiation of studies at ARDS Secuieni, starting with 2017, with the aim of creating the best mixtures adapted to the pedo-climatic conditions in the area. The results obtained in the conditions of Central Moldavia showed that fertilization with different doses of fertilizer influenced the production of dry matter compared to the non-fertilized variants. The variant fertilized with the dose of N80P40 kg/ha had the highest fodder production, i.e.16.13 t/ha d.m.; the difference compared to the control was quite a significant one; and the lowest production was obtained with the control variable (N0P0), i.e. 9.47 t/ha d.m. Analysing the data obtained, it can be easily noticed that, in the variants studied, there were five production cuttings; alternating hay mowing with that for simulating grazing (mixed regime). Analysing the results obtained, for the first cutting, regarding the influence of fertilization and the mixture used on the percentage of grass and leguminous species, it was found that in the mixture of 85% grasses (Dactylis glomerata 60% + Lolium perenne 25%) and 15% perennial leguminous (Lotus corniculatus 15%), the percentage of grasses participation in the grass cover was between 64.5% for the variant fertilized with N40P40 and 86.0% for the variant fertilized with N80P40. The leguminous that are part of the grass cover were between 12.7% for the variant fertilized with N80P40 and 34.6% for the variant fertilized with N40P40, and the percentage of participation of various species was between 0.5% and 1.4%. The participation percentage of perennial grasses and leguminous varied depending on the dose of fertilizer applied, and the quality of the fodder obtained was good for all the mixtures studied, being primarily determined by the doses of fertilizers administered, but also by the species and the proportion of their participation in the sowing rate under the conditions of Central Moldavia from 2017 to 2020. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the important factors contributing to increased yield is represented by crop rotation, which by alternation can reduce or prevent infestation with weeds, pathogens, plant and soil pests, but can improve the texture and structure of the soil so that the next crop can capitalize these benefits. Considering that the grain yield of straw cereals is influenced by the number of ears per surface unit, the number of grains per ear but also by the individual weight of the grain, this study was carried to determine which preceding crop favorably influences the yiled of grains to the triticale crop. The experience was placed in the experimental field at A.R.D.S. Secuieni, and followed the influence of three preceding plants: soybeans, sunflower and corn on grain yield at two triticale varieties: Haiduc and Utrifun. Following research, the best average yields were obtained when the triticale was cultivated after corn and soybeans. Of the two varieties of triticale, Utrifun stood out for its superior yields, with average values between 6213 kg⋅ha-1 and 8277 kg⋅ha-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was conducted during 2017-2019, within ARDS Secuieni and aimed to analyse the influence of fertilization and species mixture on fodder quality, as well as the determination of fodder content in crude protein (CP), NDF (neutral detergent fiber), ADF (acid detergent fiber) and calculation of relative forage quality (RFQ). Experimental factors were represented by fertilization (factor A), with four graduations: a1-N0P0; a2-N40P40; a3-N80P40; a4-N80+40P40, and by the mixture of perennial grasses and perennial legumes (factor B), with five graduations: b1 - 20% perennial grasses + 80% legumes; b2 - 65% perennial grasses + 35% legumes; b3 - 70% perennial grasses + 30% legumes; b4 - 70% perennial grasses + 30% legumes; b5 - 80% perennial grasses + 20% legumes. The results showed that the lowest content in crude protein, of 15.24 g/100 g d. s. was achieved in the variant fertilized with N40P40 and the highest value of CP (15.94 g/100 g d. s.) was obtained in the non-fertilized variant (control). The applied fertilizers influenced the crude protein content of each of the studied mixtures, the differences obtained being statistically assured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we present the results regarding the evolution of monoecious hemp crop on the yield of seeds, stems and fiber, by fallowing the Secuieni Method under the pedoclimatic conditions in the Agricultural Research and Development Station Secuieni Neamț (A.R.D.S. Secuieni, Neamț). The experience takes place in the experimental field of the unit, and it is a multifactorial experience, of the type 3 x 2 x 3, in three repetitions: A factor - variety (Denise, Diana, Dacia), B factor - distance between rows (25 cm; 50 cm), C factor - „Secuieni metho" (uncut, one cut, two cuts). On average, during the three years of experimentation, the above factors greatly influenced the seed yield obtained, which varied widely, from 806 kg • ha-1 (Denise x 50 cm x uncut) to 1117 kg • ha-1 (Dacia x 50 cm x two cuttings). Regarding the yield of stems, this also varied quite a lot, from 9219 kg • ha-1 (Denise x 50 cm x two cuttings) up to 12634 kg • ha-1 (Dacia x 50 cm x uncut). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the national level, the areas cultivated with millet are very small, this species is not in the attention of researchers and farmers, therefore the information and studies about millet are limited. Starting from 2022, at the Agricultural Research - Development Station Secuieni, research was initiated on the behavior and productivity of five millet genotypes (Panicum miliaceum L.), the results obtained are presented in the present paper. Among the genotypes studied (the variety Marius, the local population Secuieni and the three genotypes from the Vegetal Genetic Resources Bank "Mihai Cristea" Suceava is noted a good adaptability of the species to the A.R.D.S. Secuieni area's pedology and the 2022's climatic conditions. Thus, the average grain yield of the tested millet genotypes was 2528 kg/ha - for the variants sown at 12,5 cm distance between rows, 2328 kg/ha - for variants sown at 25 cm distance between rows and 2221 kg/ha - for the varieties sown at 50 cm distance between rows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Maize is cultivated on 2,678.5 thousand ha in Romania, and its cultivation on large areas attracts a number of pests that attack various parts of the plant in different developmental phases. One of these dangerous pests is Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn., a species that occurs during the growing season of maize and causes production losses by the attack on the stem and cob. The larvae produce various attacks, influenced by climatic conditions, the frequency of attacked plants being between 15.7 and 67.9% in the south-west of the country, in the south-east of the country varies between 43.3-79.4%, in the Transylvanian Plain has values between 60.00% and 81.88%, in the west of the country the attack is around 41%, and in the east of the country by 30.20%. The importance of attacks by Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn. at maize led to the initiation of studies in 2019 at the A.R.D.S. Secuieni to determine the influence of technological factors on the parameters of attack (frequency of attack, average number of holes, galleries and larvae and average length of gallery) produced by larvae. For the maize sown in epochs, the optimal epoch, the IIIrd, recorded the lowest values of the parameters: the frequency of the attack was 18.65%, were identified 0.60 holes/plant, 0.39 galleries/plant and 0.38 larvae/plant, and the average length of the galleries was 8.39 cm. The behavior of genotypes at the attack produced by larvae varied within very wide limits, the frequency of the attack was between 36.56% at the early genotype Vibrion and reached 48.50% at the late genotype Olt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lupine is a source of protein as well as dietary fiber. Lupine seeds are an excellent meat substitute for people who adopt a vegetarian lifestyle and have significant cholesterol-lowering properties, contributing greatly to cardiovascular health. Taking into account the growing interest, in recent years, for this crop, within A.R.D.S. Secuieni was followed the behavior of six varieties of lupine (3 varieties of white lupine and 3 varieties of blue lupine) in the pedoclimatic conditions in Central of Moldavia. In the first year of testing lupine culture, compared to the yield recorded by the control (average experience - 2736 kg/ha), very significant yield increases were recorded for the varieties Wars (3063 kg/ha) and Dieta (4050 kg /Ha). In the second year of testing, only one variety obtained a control higher yield of 2519 kg/ha (Medi). On average, in the two years of testing, lupine yield varied from 2138 kg / ha obtained by the Menhit variety (blue lupine) to 3205 kg/ha at the Dieta variety (white lupine). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Soybeans is an important source of protein because the amount of protein in a hectare of soybeans is higher than in any other crop. It has a wide range of uses, and it can be used in many areas: for food production, for food and as fuel. Considering the growing interest, in recent years, for this crop, at the ARDS Secuieni a number of ten soybean varieties have been experimented, Carla TD, Larisa, Caro TD, Ilinca TD, Bia TD, Ada TD, Teo TD, Miruna TD, Felicia TD, Onix, creations of the Agricultural Research and Development Station Turda, in order to establish their adaptability to the pedoclimatic conditions of the area. On average, the factors studied greatly influenced soybean production, which varied widely, from 2687 kg/ha, to Felicia TD variety to 3409 kg/ha to Larisa variety. Regarding the correlation between soybean production and the protein production obtained, it is observed that there is a direct correlation, the correlation coefficients calculated being statistically assured and interpreted as very significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent decades in Romania and in many other regions of the world, there is a high frequency of drought years, to three years out of every five. This climate negatively affects the productivity of agricultural crops, and agricultural research must find solutions to diversify the assortment of crops that in tougher environmental conditions guarantee the stability and profitability of agriculture. One of the safest solutions is the cultivation of sorghum, whether for grain or biomass, which due to good drought resistance, the ability to withstand high temperatures and capitalize on poorly fertile land is superior by the yields of all crops and especially, cereals and fodder plants. In the pedoclimatic conditions from the Center of Moldova, starting with 2018 year, were initiated some researches regarding the optimization of the cultivation technology for grain sorghum, in order to create a technology in relation to the new climatic conditions and in relation to the protection of the environment. The results obtained on average over two agricultural years, 2018 and 2019, indicated a very large variation of grain production depending on the sowing density provided and on the applied mineral fertilizers, this being between 4074 kg/ha and 10234 kg/ha. The best results were obtained in the variants sown with 30 g.g./sqm and fertilized with N150P80 with and without the application of the biostimulator Aminosol. From the point of view of economic efficiency, the variant sown with 30 g.g./sqm and fertilized with N150P80 was the most profitable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the first report of the species Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn. in Romania in 1898, the insect spread and is currently present in all corn crops in our country. The production losses that the insect produces vary from one year to another, from one field to another, one of the factors influencing the reduction of the attack is the cultivated maize hybrid. This paper presents the preliminary results obtained in 2019, where was studied the influence of the precocity group and the hybrid variety on the attack level produced by the european corn borers larvae in the conditions of the Center of Moldova. The studied maize hybrids show different values of the attack produced by the Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn. larvae. Depending on the maturity group, the genotypes that recorded high attack values are those from FAO groups 400 - 430 (Kerala and Olt), followed by semi-early hybrids in FAO groups 370-380, and the lowest attack was recorded by the hybrid Vibrion maize classified as FAO maturity group 290. Of the three maize varieties tested, the sweet hybrid was the most affected by the european corn borer larvae attack followed by the dentate ones from the semi-early maturity groups and the flint variety (Vibrion) was not affected due to the short period of vegetation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to highlight the influence of technological factors on the biology of the species and seed production at Carthamus tinctorius L. (safflower). The research were carried out in 2019, in the experimental field of A.R.D.S. Secuieni. Due to the higher temperatures from the third epoch and the precipitations recorded in the sowing to emergence period, the plants had a faster evolution. It was necessary 117 days from sowing to harvesting the seeds, the sum of the accumulated temperatures was 2241.9 ° C and the precipitation amounted to 230.7 mm. Under the conditions of A.R.D.S. Secuieni, at the first sowing epoch, there was an increase in production of 156 kg/ha compared to the control of the experience. The interaction of the studied factors influenced the seed production, obtaining the highest seed production at the sown variant at 70 cm between rows and 25 cm between plants per row (1688 kg/ha). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hemp is part of the textile plants group with high-value for human and industrial use. Hemp has over 25,000 uses, ranging from food, paints and fuels to clothing and building materials. Hemp is currently considered to be a plant of increasing importance for Europe, being used for fiber and oil extraction and as medicinal plant. Hemp fibers are the most resistant plant fibers and as such, in the past, they were the most prized raw material of the textile industry worldwide. In this paper we present the results regarding the evolution of monoecious hemp crop on the production of stems and fiber, under the pedoclimatic conditions of the Center of Moldova, between 2012 - 2015. The biological material used was represented by three varieties created at A.R.D.S. Secuieni, respectively, Denise, Diana and Dacia and were sown at a distance of 12.5 cm, 25 cm respectively 50 cm between rows. The obtained results revealed that the studied factors influenced to a great extent the production of stems, which varied widely, ranging from 8113 kg / ha to the Denise variety at a distance of 12.5 cm in 2015 (agricultural year characterized as very dry from pluviometric point of view), and the highest yields were obtained at the Denise variety of 15683 kg / ha, at a distance of 25 cm in 2013 (agricultural year characterized as normal from rainfall point of view). On average, for the four years studied, the highest obtained production of fiber was achieved by Dacia variety, at 12.5 cm, of 3388 kg / ha, and the lowest yield of 2546 kg / ha was achieved by Denise variety at a distance of 50 cm between rows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper are presented the results obtained regarding the evolution of seed culture at monoecious hemp under the influence of „Secuieni method", method which consists in applying shearings during the plant intense growth phase. When the plants have a number of 5 - 6 floors with opposite leaves is applied a first cutt of the growth peak at 30 - 35 cm from ground level. After the first shearing, from the insertion of the leaves will grow 2 - 6 lateral shoots, that reached the size of 50-60 cm in the short term, between 15 - 20 days, when it is applied the second cutback at 15-20 cm above the first cutback. The big advantage of this method is that it reduces the plant size and allow harvesting by combines directly from the field, by raising the heder under the insertion of the ramifications with fruits. In A.R.D.S Secuieni pedoclimatic conditions, during 2013 - 2015, were performed researches on this method. The biological material used was represented by three varieties created at A.R.D.S Secuieni, respectively Denise, Diana and Dacia. These varieties were seeded with a seed norm of 6 kg/ha and the distances between the experimented rows were: 25 cm and 50 cm between rows. The obtained results have highlighted that the studied factors influenced in a very large extent the seed yield, that varied widely, ranging from 805 kg/ha at the Denise x 50 cm x uncutt interaction and 1115 kg/ha at the Dacia x 50 cm x two cuttings interaction. The correlation between the applyed cutting and the seed yield it was directly, the correlation coefficients (r) were statistically ensured and construed as being very significant at both experienced distances between rows (25 and 50 cm). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The laborious researches concerning the soybean technology were developed at ICCPT Fundulea and ARDS Turda, but also at other agricultural research stations in the country, but they were few in the pedoclimatic area of Central Moldavia. Thus, under the A.R.D.S. Secuieni pedoclimatic conditions were performed researches at soybean crop in order to establish the optimum sowing epoch (three sowing epochs: early sowing - 04/09/2015, sowing in the optimum epoch - 20/04/2015 and sowing in the late epoch - 04/30/2015), the optimal seeding density (six sowing densities: 30 g.b./sqm, 40 g.b./sqm, 50 g.b./sqm, 60 g.b./sqm, 70 g.b./sqm and 80 g.b./sqm) and the best distance between rows (four distances: 12.5 cm, 25 cm, 37.5 cm and 50 cm). The biological materials used in these experiments were the Eugen and Onyx varieties, created at A.R.D.S. Turda. The results obtained in 2015 agricultural year, which is several droughty characterized, showed that sowing soybean in late epoch was the best option, the yields obtained in these variants reach 2653 kg/ha at the Eugen variety and 3244 kg/ha at the Onix variety. Regarding the sowing density, the 30 g.b./sqm and the 80 g.b./sqm sown variant were remarked as being the best. The yields obtained in this variants were at Eugen variety of 2994 kg/ha when the variety was sown with 30 g.b./sqm and of 3142 kg/ha when this variety was sown with 80 g.b./sqm. The Onix variety has obtained the maximum yield in the variant sown with 30 g.b./sqm of 3041 kg/ha, and in the variant sown with 80 g.b./sqm, the yield was slightly smaller but big enough of 2937 kg/ha. Given the price of soybean seed, the most convenient variant from the economic point of view is the one sown with 30 g.b./sqm, both at Eugen and Onix variety. The distance between rows also had an influence on the soybean yield. Of the four experimented distances tested, it was proven to be superior to all others, the one with 50 cm between rows. In this variant, the yields obtained amounted to 2530 kg/ha at Eugen variety and 2715 kg/ha Onix variety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper are presented the results obtained regarding the evolution of monoecious hemp for fiber crop by applying the „Secuieni method”, method which consists in applying shearings during the intense growth phase of the plant. The great advantage of this method is that the seed norm is reduced from 60 kg/ha to 6 kg/ha, and as a result of the shearings applied at the leaves insert will grow 2 - 6 lateral shoots, reduced that increase the fiber production. Another advantage is the plants small size, which does not exceed 3 m. In the research conducted at A.R.D.S Secuieni, during 2011 - 2013, this method was applied to three monoecious hemp varieties (Diana, Denise and Dacia). The results obtained in the conducted experiments revealed that the productions, both at the fiber and the seed, were strongly influenced by the climatic conditions of the area, these being different in the two experimental years and the results are presented separately on each year of study. At the uncut variant were achieved the highest yields, which is justified by the fact that the plants have developed luxuriant, but instead the fiber quality is lower. The plant subjected to shearing, develops branches, the number of harvestable stems is doubled or even tripled, resulting a slightly lower production, but of a superior quality compared to the uncut variant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present configuration in Romania agricultural structures and the lack of functional infrastructure, including drought phenomenon appearance that has created major problems in recent years in restructuring and managing the feed obtaining systems, requires the adoption and definition of a field that agricultural research must approach to identify and testing new nutritional solutions using the animal rations of basic components, which will be provided by fodder crops less dependent on the amount of water during the growing season. Silage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) respond to the current needs of Romanian livestock being a fodder with excellent quality and an increased resistance to drought. Improving technology is imperative in this species because from it depends largely the crop yield. Thus, between 2013 - 2014, at the Agricultural Research - Development Station, has been studied the influence of sowing density on the silage production at some hybrids showing adaptability to the Center of Moldavia pedoclimatic conditions. The results obtained in the conducted experiments revealed that silage sorghum prefer higher sowing densities (greater than 200000 bg/ha) and the maximum level of production was recorded in the variants sown with 250000 bg/ha. Sowing sorghum over this sowing density increases the risk of lowering plant resistance to lodging before harvest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hyssopus officinalis L. (hyssop) has been known as a medicinal plant since ancient times. Grown for herba contains volatile oil (0.5 and 1.3 % in dry herba between 0.10 and 0.15 % in fresh herba), flavonoids, ursolic and oleanolic acids, carbohydrates, hisopina, tannins, resins, gums, sugars and a substance with antiviral marubiina, which gives a bitter taste. Due to the volatile oil constituents, the plant has antiseptic expectorant action and is bitter tonic (because marubiinei) and slightly astringent (due to tannins). Climatic conditions during the experiment were good, the average temperature in the two years was 9,150 C, the difference from the annual average (8.7°C) being 0.45°C. The amount of rainfall was 488.5 mm by 59.4 mm less than the annual average (552.1mm). The average for the two years of experimentation average number of branches per plant ranged from 14.27 branches/plant variant sown at 50 cm between rows and incineration (Mt.) and 23 branches/plant variant sown at 70 cm between rows and incineration. The average length of inflorescence was higher (12.25 cm) in variant sown distance of 70 cm between rows and 20 cm between plants in the row. Regarding the production of dry herba it was influenced by both the distance between rows (average factor A) and the distance between plants in the row (average factor B). The average for the two years of experimentation, production highest (2510 kg/ha) was obtained in the variant sown at a distance of 70 cm between rows and 20 cm between plants in the row. An average production close of 2368 kg/ha was obtained in variant sown at a distance of 70 cm between rows and 30 cm between plants in the row. Highest production of essential oil (80.88 l/ha) was obtained in the variant sown at a distance of 70 cm between rows and 20 cm between plants in the row. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench, is a perennial plant, native to North America, from which there are used in therapeutic purpose the aerial parts and the roots. The aerial parts contains flavonoides, polyphenolic acid, coffee acid, volatile oil etc. The medicine prepared from this plant determines the rise of self defense system of the human body ( by mobilizing the leukocytes and extending the phagocytosis activity and inhibits virus multiplication). Since on the international and national market is required that the vegetable raw material to be produced in ecological system without chemical fertilizers, the research conducted at A.R.D.S. Secuieni, during 2008 - 2011 aimed to establish the optimum doses of muck at Echinacea purpurea L. (Moench.) species and track its impact on the herba production but also on the content in active principles. As a result of the performed determinations it was found that the on average over the three years of experimentation the highest height (91.74 cm) and weight (108.26 g) was at the plants from the variant fertilized with fermented muck in dose of 40 t/ha. In this variant the dry herba production obtained during three vegetation years were 39.14 g/ha in the second year, 72.13 g/ha in the third year and 74.02 q/ha in the fourth year. The highest coffee acid content (79.7 mg/100ml tincture) was determined in leaves from plants fertilized with 30t/ha muck and the highest content in polyphenolic acid (2.657 g clorogenic acid) was determined in flowers from plants fertilized with 40t/ha muck. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]