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1. A framework for drivers fostering social-ecological restoration within forest landscape based on people’s participation. A systematic literature review

Author

Leonidas Maniraho, Marina Frietsch, Stefan Sieber, and Katharina Löhr

Subjects
Social-ecological restoration, Adoption, Ecosystem restoration, Rwanda, Forest landscape restoration, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Abstract Degradation exacerbates food and water insecurity, economic hardship, biodiversity loss, and the devastating effects of climate change. Given that ecosystem restoration is a global challenge, the United Nations declared 2021 to 2030 as the Decade of Ecosystem Restoration. Many ecological restoration projects overlook social perspectives, resulting in unsuccessful restoration outcomes within Forest Landscape Restoration (FLR). Against this background, we review social-ecological restoration frameworks and summarize seven key balanced drivers that could help enhance the adoption of ecosystem restoration in a dynamic social context. The drivers relate to including the most affected communities, privileging local knowledge and practices, empowering local representatives and opinion leaders, ensuring social and environmental justice and equity, targeting deep leverage points, aligning restoration practices with local needs and aspirations, and connecting neighboring communities. We argue that ecosystem restoration will be most effective if approached from a social-ecological perspective. In developing countries, establishing social groups that share savings and credit structures within neighboring households can be a sustainable approach. With increasing global initiatives, taking a social-ecological perspective on ecosystem restoration as a social-ecological restoration approach offers new opportunities for both research and practice. Social-ecological restoration is a key strategy that can support the achievement of sustainable development goals (SDGs) and deliver net positive gains environmentally, socially, and economically. Further studies should focus on two new cross-cutting aspects: the ecological and social effects of restoration at small to large scales and social ecological restoration and peace building within a restorative landscape.

Published
2023
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3. Effect of Herbagreen Foliar Fertilizer on Growth and Productivity of Maize in the Mid-altitude Zone of Rwanda

Author

Aloys Twagirumukiza, Olivier Twagirayezu, Faustin Mbarubukeye, Christian Kayonga, Leonidas Maniraho, and Isaie Mushimiyimana

Subjects
Altitude, Agronomy, General Engineering, engineering, Environmental science, Fertilizer, engineering.material, Productivity
Abstract

Maize (Zea mays L) is still largely a subsistence food crop under promotion as a food security crop and source of income for smallholders. It is grown in the mid altitude zone of Rwanda. Herbagreen is a Bio fertilizer, used successfully in agriculture in different countries of the world. The objective of this study was to determine the maize response to herbagreen foliar fertilizer application and determine the optimum rate for maximum yield. This was done in Randomized Complete Bloc Design (RCBD) with four treatments, replicated in four times. Four treatments of herbagreen rates including T1 as control, T2=0.31Kg/ ha-1, T3=0.63Kg/ha-1and T4=0.94Kg ha-1 of herbagreen foliar fertilizer. This was applied to a population of 53.333 plants/ha. The planting spacing was used at 75 cmX50 cm with 2 plants per hill. Analysis of variance for the different parameters measured showed that there was a high significant (p

Published
2019
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4. An Agri-Business Model to Create Uses for Tomato Crop Farmers in Rwanda

Author

Leonidas Maniraho and Leonidas Maniraho

Subjects
Tomato industry--Rwanda--Management
Abstract

Master's Thesis from the year 2021 in the subject African Studies - Culture and Applied Geography, grade: 1,, language: English, abstract: The goal of this research is to create an agri-business model to create uses for tomato crop farmers in Rwanda. This study places special focus on addressing the lack of value addition in tomato crop farm leftovers and investigates the current state of farm leftover utilization as a method of dealing with tomato cultivation difficulties as well as related issues. The research study used an exploratory mixed-method research design and the researcher interviewed and surveyed specified and identified tomato farmers as well as trainers/lecturers and other who are involved in horticulture sector using structured instrument, validated from previous pilot study. A total of 64 individuals were selected. Respondents recorded, transcribed, and verified the interview data for the research. The data was subsequently analyzed using NVIVO12 analytic software, which resulted in the establishment of data-driven prominent themes and in inclusion of important themes while the survey data from the spreadsheet was in conversion model to provide statistical data. As a result, agricultural farm leftovers are produced in significant numbers each year. The most frequent crop farm wastes are stems and leaves, although roots may also be discovered in tomato fields. The bulk of tomato crop residue is allowed in fields to decay naturally, while some are kept for mulch and animal feed. The study's findings indicated that farmers make no more money, no matter what they do with tomato crop farm leftovers. Composting can generate some income for them, but it is not done properly. The major reasons for tomato crop farm leftovers not being turned into other valuable crop-based goods include farmers'lack of knowledge and skills in tomato crop value addition, as well as a lack of farmer-academia collaboration. The technical requirements revealed in the results are mentorship and training in value addition, particularly in tomato residue value-added, as well as training of trainers in modern farming; however, compost manufacturing, value chain development, modern farming technologies, post-harvest technology and handling, and value addition are the most important for tomato farmers. These findings fuelled the development of several options, but the construction of a farmer field school for composting tomato crop farm leftovers was the most conservative, safe, and risk-averse option as an agribusiness model for collaboration.

Published
2022

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