1. Ferroptosis Mechanisms Involved in Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Author
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Sérgio Paulo Bydlowski, Juliana Sampaio-Silva, Debora Levy, Leonardo Rokita-Rosa, Fábio Alessandro de Freitas, Cadiele Oliana Reichert, and Priscila de Lima Barros
- Subjects
Review ,medicine.disease_cause ,GPX4 ,lcsh:Chemistry ,Lipid peroxidation ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase ,iron metabolism ,neurodegenerative diseases ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,Spectroscopy ,Neurons ,Arachidonic Acid ,Chemistry ,Brain ,Parkinson Disease ,General Medicine ,Glutathione ,ferroptosis ,Computer Science Applications ,Cell biology ,Huntington Disease ,cell death ,Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ,Alzheimer’s disease ,Intracellular ,Huntington’s disease ,Programmed cell death ,Iron ,Catalysis ,Inorganic Chemistry ,Huntington's disease ,Alzheimer Disease ,GSH ,medicine ,Humans ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,glutathione peroxidase 4 ,Molecular Biology ,Cell Membrane ,Organic Chemistry ,system xc− ,Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase ,medicine.disease ,Oxidative Stress ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,Parkinson’s disease ,Lipid Peroxidation ,Oxidative stress ,Homeostasis - Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of cell death that was described less than a decade ago. It is caused by the excess of free intracellular iron that leads to lipid (hydro) peroxidation. Iron is essential as a redox metal in several physiological functions. The brain is one of the organs known to be affected by iron homeostatic balance disruption. Since the 1960s, increased concentration of iron in the central nervous system has been associated with oxidative stress, oxidation of proteins and lipids, and cell death. Here, we review the main mechanisms involved in the process of ferroptosis such as lipid peroxidation, glutathione peroxidase 4 enzyme activity, and iron metabolism. Moreover, the association of ferroptosis with the pathophysiology of some neurodegenerative diseases, namely Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases, has also been addressed.
- Published
- 2020
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