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1,987 results on '"Leonard, David"'

3. 'I want to be a champion of sustainability in space': All About Space catches up with Aschbacher to discuss what's ahead for the European Space Agency

Author

Leonard, David

Subjects
Arianespace S.A., Satellite launch services industry, Environmental sustainability, Astronomy, European Space Agency
Abstract

In July 2023, the venerable Ariane 5 roared skyward and attained retirement status. But that launch also signalled what you saw as Europe entering a launch crisis. How are you [...]

Published
2024

7. HEP-BNN: A Framework for Finding Low-Latency Execution Configurations of BNNs on Heterogeneous Multiprocessor Platforms

Author

Bereholschi, Leonard David, Lin, Ching-Chi, Yayla, Mikail, and Chen, Jian-Jia

Subjects
Computer Science - Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing
Abstract

Binarized Neural Networks (BNNs) significantly reduce the computation and memory demands with binarized weights and activations compared to full-precision NNs. Executing a layer in a BNN on different devices of a heterogeneous multiprocessor platform consisting of CPU and GPU can affect the inference performance, i.e., accuracy and latency. Usually, a heterogeneous HW platform consisting of a CPU and a GPU is available to execute the BNN workloads. However, to use the heterogeneous HW effectively, it is necessary to find an efficient strategy for BNN workload mapping. In this work, we propose a framework that generates efficient BNN layer-to-device mappings (i.e. suitable parallel configuration for each layer of the model) for execution platforms comprised of CPU and CUDA-capable GPU. We evaluate our proposed framework with two BNN architectures using two well-known datasets, Fashion-MNIST and CIFAR-10, on three hardware platforms with different characteristics. The results show that compared to running a fully-parallelized GPU implementation, our framework generates an efficient configuration up to 2x, 2.6x and 11.8x faster on our tested hardware respectively., Comment: This paper has been accepted for presentation in the 5th Workshop on Accelerated Machine Learning (AccML), co-located with HiPEAC23. 8 Pages, 5 figures

Published
2023

12. Link between depression and bone mineral density in Cooper Center Longitudinal Study: Indirect effects of vitamin D, inflammation, and physical activity

Author

Li, Chengxi, Palka, Jayme M., Abdullah, Nora, Adler-Neal, Adrienne, Banner, Barbara, Efseroff, Brayden, Jones, Cassandra, Clark, Isabel, Munoz-Puga, Marisela, Boswell, Nicholas, Karlay, Brittany, Siddiqui, Rija, Hergert, Sarah, Newton, Scott, Narapureddy, Sravan, Tran, Vincent, Leonard, David, DeFina, Laura F., Barlow, Carolyn E., and Brown, E. Sherwood

Published
2024
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16. THE STORY OF THE PEACE RIVER COUNTRY'S KLESKUN RANCH

Author

Leonard, David W.

Subjects
Livestock industry -- Industry sales and revenue, Ranches -- History -- Economic aspects, History
Abstract

Although large-scale ranching is commonly associated with the southern part of Alberta, there was one major experiment in the northwestern climates that briefly captured the attention of the entire country--the [...]

Published
2022

27. Football, Culture and Power.

Author

Leonard, David J., Davis, Wade, George, Kimberly B., and Leonard, David J.

Subjects
American football, Sports & outdoor recreation, culture, football
Abstract

Summary: What does it mean when a hit that knocks an American football player unconscious is cheered by spectators? What are the consequences of such violence for the participants of this sport and for the entertainment culture in which it exists? This book brings together scholars and sport commentators to examine the relationship between American football, violence and the larger relations of power within contemporary society. From high school and college to the NFL, Football, Culture, and Power analyses the social, political and cultural imprint of America's national pastime. The NFL's participation in and production of hegemonic masculinity, alongside its practices of racism, sexism, heterosexism and ableism, provokes us to think deeply about the historical and contemporary systems of violence we are invested in and entertained by. This social scientific analysis of American football considers both the positive and negative power of the game, generating discussion and calling for accountability. It is fascinating reading for all students and scholars of sports studies with an interest in American football and the wider social impact of sport.

28. Long-term outcomes of 176 patients with X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome treated with or without hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Author

de la Morena, M Teresa, Leonard, David, Torgerson, Troy R, Cabral-Marques, Otavio, Slatter, Mary, Aghamohammadi, Asghar, Chandra, Sharat, Murguia-Favela, Luis, Bonilla, Francisco A, Kanariou, Maria, Damrongwatanasuk, Rongras, Kuo, Caroline Y, Dvorak, Christopher C, Meyts, Isabelle, Chen, Karin, Kobrynski, Lisa, Kapoor, Neena, Richter, Darko, DiGiovanni, Daniela, Dhalla, Fatima, Farmaki, Evangelia, Speckmann, Carsten, Español, Teresa, Shcherbina, Anna, Hanson, Imelda Celine, Litzman, Jiri, Routes, John M, Wong, Melanie, Fuleihan, Ramsay, Seneviratne, Suranjith L, Small, Trudy N, Janda, Ales, Bezrodnik, Liliana, Seger, Reinhard, Raccio, Andrea Gomez, Edgar, J David M, Chou, Janet, Abbott, Jordan K, van Montfrans, Joris, González-Granado, Luis Ignacio, Bunin, Nancy, Kutukculer, Necil, Gray, Paul, Seminario, Gisela, Pasic, Srdjan, Aquino, Victor, Wysocki, Christian, Abolhassani, Hassan, Dorsey, Morna, Cunningham-Rundles, Charlotte, Knutsen, Alan P, Sleasman, John, Costa Carvalho, Beatriz Tavares, Condino-Neto, Antonio, Grunebaum, Eyal, Chapel, Helen, Ochs, Hans D, Filipovich, Alexandra, Cowan, Mort, Gennery, Andrew, Cant, Andrew, Notarangelo, Luigi D, and Roifman, Chaim M

Subjects
Humans, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Proportional Hazards Models, Retrospective Studies, Cohort Studies, Follow-Up Studies, Time, Adolescent, Adult, Middle Aged, Child, Child, Preschool, Infant, Female, Male, Hyper-IgM Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Young Adult, Kaplan-Meier Estimate, CD40 ligand, Karnofsky/Lansky scores, X-linked hyper-IgM syndrome, defects in class-switch recombination, hematopoietic cell transplantation, long-term outcomes, primary immunodeficiency, Pediatric, Clinical Research, Transplantation, Inflammatory and immune system, Good Health and Well Being, Immunology, Allergy
Abstract

BackgroundX-linked hyper-IgM syndrome (XHIGM) is a primary immunodeficiency with high morbidity and mortality compared with those seen in healthy subjects. Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) has been considered a curative therapy, but the procedure has inherent complications and might not be available for all patients.ObjectivesWe sought to collect data on the clinical presentation, treatment, and follow-up of a large sample of patients with XHIGM to (1) compare long-term overall survival and general well-being of patients treated with or without HCT along with clinical factors associated with mortality and (2) summarize clinical practice and risk factors in the subgroup of patients treated with HCT.MethodsPhysicians caring for patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases were identified through the Jeffrey Modell Foundation, United States Immunodeficiency Network, Latin American Society for Immunodeficiency, and Primary Immune Deficiency Treatment Consortium. Data were collected with a Research Electronic Data Capture Web application. Survival from time of diagnosis or transplantation was estimated by using the Kaplan-Meier method compared with log-rank tests and modeled by using proportional hazards regression.ResultsTwenty-eight clinical sites provided data on 189 patients given a diagnosis of XHIGM between 1964 and 2013; 176 had valid follow-up and vital status information. Sixty-seven (38%) patients received HCT. The average follow-up time was 8.5 ± 7.2 years (range, 0.1-36.2 years). No difference in overall survival was observed between patients treated with or without HCT (P = .671). However, risk associated with HCT decreased for diagnosis years 1987-1995; the hazard ratio was significantly less than 1 for diagnosis years 1995-1999. Liver disease was a significant predictor of overall survival (hazard ratio, 4.9; 95% confidence limits, 2.2-10.8; P

Published
2017

30. A comprehensive and contemporary “snapshot” of β-lactamases in carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii

Author

Hujer, Andrea M., Hujer, Kristine M., Leonard, David A., Powers, Rachel A., Wallar, Bradley J., Mack, Andrew R., Taracila, Magdalena A., Rather, Philip N., Higgins, Paul G., Prati, Fabio, Caselli, Emilia, Marshall, Steven H., Clarke, Thomas, Greco, Christopher, Venepally, Pratap, Brinkac, Lauren, Kreiswirth, Barry N., Fouts, Derrick E., and Bonomo, Robert A.

Published
2021
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39. Tolerance induction for vascularized composite allotransplantation through induction of stable hematopoietic mixed chimerism

Author

Leonard, David

Subjects
617.9, Vascularized composite allotransplantation, Transplant, Mixed chimerism, Tolerance, Large animal model
Abstract

Vascularized composite allotransplantation has developed as a specialty at the interface of reconstructive and transplant surgery, offering restoration of function and form in scenarios where options for autologous reconstruction are limited, and for which the burden of donor-site morbidity may be high. Over the past 15 years some 28 patients have received face, and 85 patients upper extremity transplants. Results have been encouraging, with good functional outcomes, and the majority of patients reporting return to independence, employment and improved quality of life. However, the immunological management of these patients remains a significant challenge. While conventional immunosuppressive regimens have proven effective in preventing graft loss to rejection, they have failed to protect patients from acute rejection episodes, which have been reported in 85% during the first year post-transplant. When considered alongside the burden of comorbidity associated with life-long immunosuppression, the impetus for development of novel approaches to the prevention of rejection is clear. Induction of hematopoietic mixed chimerism has successfully achieved transplant tolerance, defined as specific unresponsiveness to donor antigens permitting life-long acceptance of transplanted tissues without maintenance immunosuppression, in numerous animal models and recently, of renal allografts in clinical trials. The work presented in this thesis investigates mixed chimerism for induction of tolerance of vascularized composite allografts (VCAs) across class I and II major histocompatibility (MHC) barriers in the Massachusetts General Hospital miniature swine model; a large animal model with defined MHC immunogenetics, and skin closely analogous to that of humans. The data presented demonstrate development of a reproducible model of VCA tolerance and stable hematopoietic mixed chimerism in a preclinical model. Importantly, tolerance extended to all components of VCAs including the epidermis and dermis, a previously un-reproducible finding. In vitro analysis demonstrated no evidence for either IL-2 reversible anergy or cellular regulation as mechanisms of donor-specific unresponsiveness, suggesting that at a systemic level, tolerance in this model may be primarily mediated by clonal deletion. In contrast, characterization of the cutaneous immune system demonstrated rapid infiltration of VCAs with recipient T cells and Langerhans’ cells, which in chimeric recipients did not cause rejection but rather established stable chimerism in all tissue-resident populations including dermal T cells with the phenotype of Tregs (CD25+FoxP3+); findings which suggest tissue-specific, and regulatory, mechanisms may play important roles. These data support the hypothesis that mixed chimerism is sufficient for whole-skin tolerance of VCAs, but further work is required to demonstrate the necessity of stable, rather than transient, chimerism and to confirm the necessity of other systemic or tissue-specific factors for prevention of epidermal rejection.

Published
2015

40. Pandemic-Related Life Events and Physical Inactivity During COVID-19 Among Israeli Adults: The Smoking and Lifestyles in Israel Study.

Author

Shuval, Kerem, Qadan, Mahmoud, Leonard, David, Barlow, Carolyn E., Drope, Jeffrey, DiPietro, Loretta, Oetjen, Reid, and DeFina, Laura F.

Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic, SEDENTARY behavior, CAREER changes, LAYOFFS, ADULTS
Abstract

Background: Public health measures to contain the COVID-19 pandemic have led to disruptions in daily life, such as job loss and changes in activity. The present study examines the relationship between pandemic-related life events and disuse (prolonged sitting coupled with inactivity) among adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 4084 adults in Israel (September 2020). The primary independent variables were pandemic-related life events, such as job loss. The primary dependent variable was disuse as measured by the Rapid Assessment Disuse Index (RADI). The RADI was examined continuously and dichotomously as a low RADI score (<26: yes/no). Results: Linear regression indicated that experiencing a major life event during the pandemic was associated with lower RADI scores (−1.04; 95% confidence interval, −1.48 to −0.61). Similarly, logistic regression revealed that those experiencing a major life event had 1.18 (95% confidence interval, 1.03 to 1.34) times greater odds for low RADI scores in comparison to those not experiencing an event. Conclusions: Experiencing pandemic-related major life events was linked to less sitting time and increased activity levels among Israeli adults. Future research should examine underlying mechanisms explaining this relationship to facilitate the design and implementation of targeted interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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43. Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC): French intergroup clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatments and follow-up (SNFGE, FFCD, GERCOR, UNICANCER, SFCD, SFED, SFRO, SFR)

Author

Phelip, Jean Marc, Tougeron, David, Léonard, David, Benhaim, Leonor, Desolneux, Grégoire, Dupré, Aurélien, Michel, Pierre, Penna, Christophe, Tournigand, Christophe, Louvet, Christophe, Christou, Nikki, Chevallier, Patrick, Dohan, Anthony, Rousseaux, Benoist, and Bouché, Olivier

Published
2019
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45. Estimating a bivariate linear relationship

Author

Leonard, David

Subjects
Mathematics - Statistics Theory
Abstract

Solutions of the bivariate, linear errors-in-variables estimation problem with unspecified errors are expected to be invariant under interchange and scaling of the coordinates. The appealing model of normally distributed true values and errors is unidentified without additional information. I propose a prior density that incorporates the fact that the slope and variance parameters together determine the covariance matrix of the unobserved true values but is otherwise diffuse. The marginal posterior density of the slope is invariant to interchange and scaling of the coordinates and depends on the data only through the sample correlation coefficient and ratio of standard deviations. It covers the interval between the two ordinary least squares estimates but diminishes rapidly outside of it. I introduce the R package leiv for computing the posterior density, and I apply it to examples in astronomy and method comparison., Comment: 27 pages, 7 figures

Published
2012
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