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2. Diabetes Mellitus and Microbiota: Knowledge and Perspectives

Author

Rizzo, Gaetano Emanuele, Rizzi, Alessandro, Tartaglione, Linda, Leo, Maria Laura, Viti, Luca, Di Leo, Mauro, Pitocco, Dario, Rattan, Suresh I.S., Editor-in-Chief, Barbagallo, Mario, Editorial Board Member, Çakatay, Ufuk, Editorial Board Member, Fraifeld, Vadim E., Editorial Board Member, Fülöp, Tamàs, Editorial Board Member, Gruber, Jan, Editorial Board Member, Jin, Kunlin, Editorial Board Member, Kaul, Sunil, Editorial Board Member, Kaur, Gurcharan, Editorial Board Member, Le Bourg, Eric, Editorial Board Member, Lopez Lluch, Guillermo, Editorial Board Member, Moskalev, Alexey, Editorial Board Member, Nehlin, Jan, Editorial Board Member, Pawelec, Graham, Editorial Board Member, Rizvi, Syed Ibrahim, Editorial Board Member, Sholl, Jonathan, Editorial Board Member, Stambler, Ilia, Editorial Board Member, Szczerbińska, Katarzyna, Editorial Board Member, Trougakos, Ioannis P., Editorial Board Member, Wadhwa, Renu, Editorial Board Member, Wnuk, Maciej, Editorial Board Member, and Marotta, Francesco, editor

Published
2023
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4. Evaluation of time in tight range and the glycaemia risk index in adults with type 1 diabetes using an advanced hybrid closed loop system: A 1‐year real‐world assessment.

Author

Rizzi, Alessandro, Tartaglione, Linda, Lucaccini Paoli, Lorenzo, Leo, Maria Laura, Popolla, Valentina, Viti, Luca, Barberio, Annarita, Di Leo, Mauro, Pontecorvi, Alfredo, and Pitocco, Dario

Subjects
CONTINUOUS glucose monitoring, CLOSED loop systems, TYPE 1 diabetes, INSULIN therapy, GLYCOSYLATED hemoglobin
Abstract

Aim: To assess the long‐term glycaemic outcomes, with additional metrics, in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) using the Tandem t:slim X2 with Control‐IQ technology advanced hybrid closed‐loop (AHCL) system. Methods: This was a single‐centre, retrospective study involving 56 T1D patients who transitioned to the Tandem t:slim X2 with Control‐IQ system. The primary and secondary endpoints consisted of variations in time in tight range (TiTR; 70‐140 mg/dL) and the glycaemia risk index (GRI), respectively. Additional standardized continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics, mean sensor glucose, coefficient of variation, the glucose management indicator (GMI), HbA1c and insulin daily dose, were also evaluated. Variables were measured at baseline and at 15 days, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year after Tandem t:slim X2 Control‐IQ initiation. Glucose outcomes are expressed as mean (standard deviation). Results: Use of Tandem t:slim X2 with Control‐IQ over 1 year was associated with an increase in mean TiTR, from 38.11% (17.05%) to 43.10% (13.20%) (P =.059), and with a decline in the GRI, from 41.03 (25.48) to 28.55 (16.27) (P =.008). CGM metrics, including time in range and time above range, showed consistent improvements. Mean sensor glucose, the GMI and HbA1c decreased significantly over time. After an initial increase, insulin daily dose remained stable throughout the 12 months. Conclusions: The results highlight the sustained effectiveness of Tandem t:slim X2 with Control‐IQ in improving glycaemic outcomes over 1 year and support the use of this technology for the management of T1D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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5. Characteristics and patterns of care of endometrial cancer before and during COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Bogani, G., Scambia, Giovanni, Cimmino, C., Fanfani, Francesco, Costantini, Barbara, Loverro, Matteo, Ferrandina, Maria Gabriella, Landoni, F., Bazzurini, L., Grassi, T., Vitobello, D., Siesto, G., Perrone, A. M., Zanagnolo, V., De Iaco, P., Multinu, F., Ghezzi, F., Casarin, J., Berretta, R., Capozzi, V. A., Zupi, E., Centini, G., Pellegrino, Antonio Agostino, Corso, S., Stevenazzi, G., Montoli, Stefano, Boschi, A. C., Comerci, Gianluca, Greco, Pierfrancesco, Martinello, R., Sopracordevole, F., Giorda, G., Simoncini, T., Caretto, M., Sartori, E., Ferrari, F., Cianci, A., Sarpietro, G., Matarazzo, M. G., Zullo, F., Bifulco, G., Morelli, Marco, Ferrero, A., Biglia, N., Barra, F., Ferrero, S., Maggiore, U. L. R., Cianci, Stefano, Chiantera, V., Ercoli, Alfredo, Sozzi, G., Martoccia, A., Schettini, Sergio Crescenzo, Orlando, T., Cannone, F. G., Ettore, G., Puppo, A., Borghese, M., Martinelli, C., Muzii, L., Di Donato, V., Driul, L., Restaino, S., Bergamini, A., Candotti, G., Bocciolone, L., Plotti, F., Angioli, R., Mantovani, G., Ceccaroni, Marcello, Cassani, C., Dominoni, M., Giambanco, L., Amodeo, Silvia, Leo, Maria Laura, Thomasset, R., Raimondo, D., Seracchioli, R., Malzoni, M., Gorlero, F., Di Luca, M., Busato, E., Kilzie, S., Dell'Acqua, Antonio, Scarfone, G., Vercellini, P., Petrillo, Marco, Dessole, S., Capobianco, G., Ciavattini, A., Delli Carpini, G., Giannella, L., Mereu, L., Tateo, S., Sorbi, F., Fambrini, M., Cicogna, S., Romano, Federica, Ricci, Giuseppe, Trojano, G., Consonni, R., Cantaluppi, S., Lippolis, A., Tinelli, R., D'Ippolito, G., Aguzzoli, L., Mandato, V. D., Palomba, S., Calandra, D., Rosati, M., Gallo, C., Surico, D., Remorgida, V., Ruscitto, F., Beretta, P., Panici, P. B., Raspagliesi, F., Scambia G. (ORCID:0000-0003-2758-1063), Fanfani F. (ORCID:0000-0003-1991-7284), Costantini B., Loverro M., Ferrandina G. (ORCID:0000-0003-4672-4197), Pellegrino A., Montoli S., Comerci G., Greco P., Morelli M., Cianci S., Ercoli A., Schettini S., Ceccaroni M., Amodeo S., Leo L., Dell'acqua A. (ORCID:0000-0002-8697-3115), Petrillo M., Romano F., Ricci G., Bogani, G., Scambia, Giovanni, Cimmino, C., Fanfani, Francesco, Costantini, Barbara, Loverro, Matteo, Ferrandina, Maria Gabriella, Landoni, F., Bazzurini, L., Grassi, T., Vitobello, D., Siesto, G., Perrone, A. M., Zanagnolo, V., De Iaco, P., Multinu, F., Ghezzi, F., Casarin, J., Berretta, R., Capozzi, V. A., Zupi, E., Centini, G., Pellegrino, Antonio Agostino, Corso, S., Stevenazzi, G., Montoli, Stefano, Boschi, A. C., Comerci, Gianluca, Greco, Pierfrancesco, Martinello, R., Sopracordevole, F., Giorda, G., Simoncini, T., Caretto, M., Sartori, E., Ferrari, F., Cianci, A., Sarpietro, G., Matarazzo, M. G., Zullo, F., Bifulco, G., Morelli, Marco, Ferrero, A., Biglia, N., Barra, F., Ferrero, S., Maggiore, U. L. R., Cianci, Stefano, Chiantera, V., Ercoli, Alfredo, Sozzi, G., Martoccia, A., Schettini, Sergio Crescenzo, Orlando, T., Cannone, F. G., Ettore, G., Puppo, A., Borghese, M., Martinelli, C., Muzii, L., Di Donato, V., Driul, L., Restaino, S., Bergamini, A., Candotti, G., Bocciolone, L., Plotti, F., Angioli, R., Mantovani, G., Ceccaroni, Marcello, Cassani, C., Dominoni, M., Giambanco, L., Amodeo, Silvia, Leo, Maria Laura, Thomasset, R., Raimondo, D., Seracchioli, R., Malzoni, M., Gorlero, F., Di Luca, M., Busato, E., Kilzie, S., Dell'Acqua, Antonio, Scarfone, G., Vercellini, P., Petrillo, Marco, Dessole, S., Capobianco, G., Ciavattini, A., Delli Carpini, G., Giannella, L., Mereu, L., Tateo, S., Sorbi, F., Fambrini, M., Cicogna, S., Romano, Federica, Ricci, Giuseppe, Trojano, G., Consonni, R., Cantaluppi, S., Lippolis, A., Tinelli, R., D'Ippolito, G., Aguzzoli, L., Mandato, V. D., Palomba, S., Calandra, D., Rosati, M., Gallo, C., Surico, D., Remorgida, V., Ruscitto, F., Beretta, P., Panici, P. B., Raspagliesi, F., Scambia G. (ORCID:0000-0003-2758-1063), Fanfani F. (ORCID:0000-0003-1991-7284), Costantini B., Loverro M., Ferrandina G. (ORCID:0000-0003-4672-4197), Pellegrino A., Montoli S., Comerci G., Greco P., Morelli M., Cianci S., Ercoli A., Schettini S., Ceccaroni M., Amodeo S., Leo L., Dell'acqua A. (ORCID:0000-0002-8697-3115), Petrillo M., Romano F., and Ricci G.

Abstract

Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has correlated with the disruption of screening activities and diagnostic assessments. Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common gynecological malignancies and it is often detected at an early stage, because it frequently produces symptoms. Here, we aim to investigate the impact of COVID-19 outbreak on patterns of presentation and treatment of EC patients. Methods: This is a retrospective study involving 54 centers in Italy. We evaluated patterns of presentation and treatment of EC patients before (period 1: March 1, 2019 to February 29, 2020) and during (period 2: April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021) the COVID-19 outbreak. Results: Medical records of 5,164 EC patients have been retrieved: 2,718 and 2,446 women treated in period 1 and period 2, respectively. Surgery was the mainstay of treatment in both periods (p=0.356). Nodal assessment was omitted in 689 (27.3%) and 484 (21.2%) patients treated in period 1 and 2, respectively (p<0.001). While, the prevalence of patients undergoing sentinel node mapping (with or without backup lymphadenectomy) has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic (46.7% in period 1 vs. 52.8% in period 2; p<0.001). Overall, 1,280 (50.4%) and 1,021 (44.7%) patients had no adjuvant therapy in period 1 and 2, respectively (p<0.001). Adjuvant therapy use has increased during COVID-19 pandemic (p<0.001). Conclusion: Our data suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the characteristics and patterns of care of EC patients. These findings highlight the need to implement healthcare services during the pandemic.

Published
2022

6. Red blood cell membrane fluidity in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Author

De Spirito Marco, Raia Salvatore, Leo Maria Laura, Pontecorvi Alfredo, Pitocco Dario, Rizzo Gaetano Emanuele, Tartaglione Linda, and Maulucci Giuseppe

Subjects
Red blood cell, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, business.industry, Internal medicine, medicine, Membrane fluidity, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, business
Published
2021
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7. A rare case of gonadotroph adenoma in a young woman

Author

Alfredo Pontecorvi, Caterina Policola, Roberto Novizio, Leo Maria Laura, Miriam Veleno, Cesare Morgante, Pietro Locantore, and Ettore Maggio

Subjects
Gynecology, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Gonadotroph adenoma, Rare case, Medicine, business
Published
2021
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8. Improved gut microbiota features after the resolution of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection

Author

De Maio, Flavio, Ianiro, Gianluca, Coppola, Gaetano, Santopaolo, Francesco, Abbate, Valeria, Bianco, D. M., Del Zompo, F., De Matteis, Giuseppe, Leo, Maria Laura, Nesci, Antonio, Nicoletti, Alberto, Pompili, Maurizio, Cammarota, Giovanni, Posteraro, Brunella, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Ponziani, Francesca Romana, De Maio F., Ianiro G. (ORCID:0000-0002-8318-0515), Coppola G., Santopaolo F., Abbate V., De Matteis G., Leo M., Nesci A., Nicoletti A., Pompili M. (ORCID:0000-0001-6699-7980), Cammarota G. (ORCID:0000-0002-3626-6148), Posteraro B. (ORCID:0000-0002-1663-7546), Sanguinetti M. (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), Gasbarrini A. (ORCID:0000-0002-7278-4823), Ponziani F. R. (ORCID:0000-0002-5924-6238), De Maio, Flavio, Ianiro, Gianluca, Coppola, Gaetano, Santopaolo, Francesco, Abbate, Valeria, Bianco, D. M., Del Zompo, F., De Matteis, Giuseppe, Leo, Maria Laura, Nesci, Antonio, Nicoletti, Alberto, Pompili, Maurizio, Cammarota, Giovanni, Posteraro, Brunella, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Gasbarrini, Antonio, Ponziani, Francesca Romana, De Maio F., Ianiro G. (ORCID:0000-0002-8318-0515), Coppola G., Santopaolo F., Abbate V., De Matteis G., Leo M., Nesci A., Nicoletti A., Pompili M. (ORCID:0000-0001-6699-7980), Cammarota G. (ORCID:0000-0002-3626-6148), Posteraro B. (ORCID:0000-0002-1663-7546), Sanguinetti M. (ORCID:0000-0002-9780-7059), Gasbarrini A. (ORCID:0000-0002-7278-4823), and Ponziani F. R. (ORCID:0000-0002-5924-6238)

Abstract

Background: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has a tropism for the gastrointestinal tract and several studies have shown an alteration of the gut microbiota in hospitalized infected patients. However, long-term data on microbiota changes after recovery are lacking. Methods: We enrolled 30 patients hospitalized for SARS‐CoV‐2-related pneumonia. Their gut microbiota was analyzed within 48 h from the admission and compared with (1) that of other patients admitted for suspected bacterial pneumonia (control group) (2) that obtained from the same subject 6 months after nasopharyngeal swab negativization. Results: Gut microbiota alpha-diversity increased 6 months after the resolution of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Bacteroidetes relative abundance was higher (≈ 36.8%) in patients with SARS-CoV-2, and declined to 18.7% when SARS-CoV-2 infection resolved (p = 0.004). Conversely, Firmicutes were prevalent (≈ 75%) in controls and in samples collected after SARS-CoV-2 infection resolution (p = 0.001). Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae and Blautia increased after SARS-CoV-2 infection resolution, rebalancing the gut microbiota composition. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with changes in the gut microbiome, which tend to be reversed in long-term period.

Published
2021

9. Erythrocyte viscoelastic recovery after liver transplantation in a cirrhotic patient affected by spur cell anaemia

Author

Leo, Maria Laura, Di Giacinto, Flavio, Nardini, Matteo, Mazzini, Alberto, Rossi, C., Porceddu, Enrica, Papi, Massimiliano, Grieco, A., De Spirito, Marco, Ciasca, Gabriele, Leo M., Di Giacinto F. (ORCID:0000-0002-6726-7768), Nardini M., Mazzini A., Porceddu E., Papi M. (ORCID:0000-0002-0029-1309), de Spirito M. (ORCID:0000-0003-4260-5107), Ciasca G. (ORCID:0000-0002-3694-8229), Leo, Maria Laura, Di Giacinto, Flavio, Nardini, Matteo, Mazzini, Alberto, Rossi, C., Porceddu, Enrica, Papi, Massimiliano, Grieco, A., De Spirito, Marco, Ciasca, Gabriele, Leo M., Di Giacinto F. (ORCID:0000-0002-6726-7768), Nardini M., Mazzini A., Porceddu E., Papi M. (ORCID:0000-0002-0029-1309), de Spirito M. (ORCID:0000-0003-4260-5107), and Ciasca G. (ORCID:0000-0002-3694-8229)

Abstract

In physiological conditions, red blood cells (RBCs) are capable of dramatic deformations when passing through the microvasculature. This extreme deformability is closely related to the RBC biconcave shape, to the fluidic nature of the haemoglobin and the cell membrane structure, primarily consisting of a phospholipid bilayer with an underlying two-dimensional spectrin network. In many pathological and inflammatory conditions, the shape and the extreme deformability of erythrocytes appear to be significantly altered. These findings have stimulated intense research towards the search and validation of novel erythrocyte-based mechanical biomarkers, useful for disease diagnosis and therapy monitoring. In this study, we investigated with Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) the mechanical properties of erythrocytes obtained from a 68 years old cirrhotic man diagnosed with spur cell anaemia and cold agglutinated disease, before and after liver transplantation. Mechanical changes are compared with ultrastructural alterations as studied by scanning electron microscopy and discussed according to confocal fluorescence microscopy results, showing possible alterations induced by the cirrhotic environment at the level of the RBCs cytoskeletal organisation and lipidic composition. Taken together, the results here presented show that liver transplantation not only contributes to restoring the proper RBC morphology, but it also induces recovery of the physiological viscous behaviour of cells, further stressing the relevance of viscous and dissipative forces in determining the RBC biomechanical response.

Published
2020

10. Autoimmunity in Type 2 Diabetes: When the Only Effective Therapy Becomes Immunosuppressive.

Author

Leo ML, Locantore P, Policola C, Michetti A, Corsello A, Paoli LL, Pitocco D, and Pontecorvi A

Abstract

Background: Type B insulin resistance syndrome is a rare form of diabetes due to the presence of anti-insulin receptor antibodies [1, 2], which causes glycemic decompensation and antidiabetic therapy failure and instead responds to immunosuppressive therapy., Case Report: A 67-year-old patient was admitted to the hospital due to autoimmune hemolytic anemia and glycemic decompensation. We first prescribed subcutaneous basal-bolus insulin and then intravenous insulin without improvement in blood sugar levels (between 300 and 500 mg/dL). Considering the non-response to therapy and the autoimmune diathesis of the patient (hemolytic anemia and mixed connective tissue disease), we suspected an autoimmune etiopathogenesis of glycemic decompensation; we excluded type 1 diabetes mellitus (specific antibodies were negative), and we considered the anti-insulin-antibodies-(-assayed and negative) and anti-insulin receptor antibodies (not assayed due to the lack of a center specialized in this assay in the area). Therefore, we decided to start Rituximab. After 2 weeks from the infusion, the patient improved glycemic compensation, reducing insulin requirement. Further, 2 months after the first infusion, the patient stopped insulin, returning to oral therapy with Metformin. To date, the patient has completed 3 cycles of Rituximab with the benefit of glycemic control (HbA1c 6.7%)., Conclusion: The brilliant response to Rituximab supports the hypothesis of an autoimmune pathogenesis. The anti-insulin receptor antibodies (in the type B insulin resistance syndrome) affect mostly middle-aged adults, especially women, in the context of other autoimmune diseases. Hence, it is necessary to consider the diagnosis of this rare disease in order to perform timely and effective treatment., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

Published
2024
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