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12. Where are we now with European forest multi-taxon biodiversity and where can we head to?

Author

Burrascano, Sabina, Chianucci, Francesco, Trentanovi, Giovanni, Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian, Sitzia, Tommaso, Tinya, Flóra, Doerfler, Inken, Paillet, Yoan, Nagel, Thomas Andrew, Mitic, Bozena, Morillas, Lourdes, Munzi, Silvana, Van der Sluis, Theo, Alterio, Edoardo, Balducci, Lorenzo, de Andrade, Rafael Barreto, Bouget, Christophe, Giordani, Paolo, Lachat, Thibault, Matosevic, Dinka, Napoleone, Francesca, Nascimbene, Juri, Paniccia, Chiara, Roth, Nicolas, Aszalós, Réka, Brazaitis, Gediminas, Cutini, Andrea, D'Andrea, Ettore, De Smedt, Pallieter, Heilmann-Clausen, Jacob, Janssen, Philippe, Kozák, Daniel, Mårell, Anders, Mikoláš, Martin, Nordén, Björn, Matula, Radim, Schall, Peter, Svoboda, Miroslav, Ujhazyova, Mariana, Vandekerkhove, Kris, Wohlwend, Michael, Xystrakis, Fotios, Aleffi, Michele, Ammer, Christian, Archaux, Frederic, Asbeck, Thomas, Avtzis, Dimitrios, Ayasse, Manfred, Bagella, Simonetta, Balestrieri, Rosario, Barbati, Anna, Basile, Marco, Bergamini, Ariel, Bertini, Giada, Biscaccianti, Alessandro Bruno, Boch, Steffen, Bölöni, János, Bombi, Pierluigi, Boscardin, Yves, Brunialti, Giorgio, Bruun, Hans Henrik, Buscot, François, Byriel, David Bille, Campagnaro, Thomas, Campanaro, Alessandro, Chauvat, Matthieu, Ciach, Michał, Čiliak, Marek, Cistrone, Luca, Pereira, Joao Manuel Cordeiro, Daniel, Rolf, De Cinti, Bruno, De Filippo, Gabriele, Dekoninck, Wouter, Di Salvatore, Umberto, Dumas, Yann, Elek, Zoltán, Ferretti, Fabrizio, Fotakis, Dimitrios, Frank, Tamás, Frey, Julian, Giancola, Carmen, Gomoryová, Erika, Gosselin, Marion, Gosselin, Frederic, Gossner, Martin M., Götmark, Frank, Haeler, Elena, Hansen, Aslak Kappel, Hertzog, Lionel, Hofmeister, Jeňýk, Hošek, Jan, Johannsen, Vivian Kvist, Justensen, Mathias Just, Korboulewsky, Nathalie, Kovács, Bence, Lakatos, Ferenc, Landivar, Carlos Miguel, Lens, Luc, Lingua, Emanuele, Lombardi, Fabio, Máliš, František, Marchino, Luca, Marozas, Vitas, Matteucci, Giorgio, Mattioli, Walter, Møller, Peter Friis, Müller, Jörg, Németh, Csaba, Ónodi, Gábor, Parisi, Francesco, Perot, Thomas, Perret, Sandrine, Persiani, Anna Maria, Portaccio, Alessia, Posillico, Mario, Preikša, Žydrūnas, Rahbek, Carsten, Rappa, Nolan James, Ravera, Sonia, Romano, Antonio, Samu, Ferenc, Scheidegger, Christoph, Schmidt, Inger Kappel, Schwegmann, Sebastian, Sicuriello, Flavia, Spinu, Andreea Petronela, Spyroglou, Gavriil, Stillhard, Jonas, Topalidou, Eleni, Tøttrup, Anders P., Ujházy, Karol, Veres, Katalin, Verheyen, Kris, Weisser, Wolfgang W., Zapponi, Livia, and Ódor, Péter

Published
2023
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17. Silvicultural regime shapes understory functional structure in European forests.

Author

Chianucci, Francesco, Napoleone, Francesca, Ricotta, Carlo, Ferrara, Carlotta, Fusaro, Lina, Balducci, Lorenzo, Trentanovi, Giovanni, Bradley, Owen, Kovacs, Bence, Mina, Marco, Cerabolini, Bruno E. L., Vandekerkhove, Kris, De Smedt, Pallieter, Lens, Luc, Hertzog, Lionel, Verheyen, Kris, Hofmeister, Jeňýk, Hošek, Jan, Matula, Radim, and Doerfler, Inken

Subjects
FOREST resilience, FOREST management, BIODIVERSITY conservation, BIOLOGICAL extinction, FOREST plants, FOREST biodiversity
Abstract

Managing forests to sustain their diversity and functioning is a major challenge in a changing world. Despite the key role of understory vegetation in driving forest biodiversity, regeneration and functioning, few studies address the functional dimensions of understory vegetation response to silvicultural management.We assessed the influence of the silvicultural regimes on the functional diversity and redundancy of European forest understory. We gathered vascular plant abundance data from more than 2000 plots in European forests, each associated with one out of the five most widespread silvicultural regimes. We used generalized linear mixed models to assess the effect of different silvicultural regimes on understory functional diversity (Rao's quadratic entropy) and functional redundancy, while accounting for climate and soil conditions, and explored the reciprocal relationship between three diversity components (functional diversity, redundancy and dominance) across silvicultural regimes through a ternary diversity diagram.Intensive silvicultural regimes are associated with a decrease in functional diversity and an increase in functional redundancy, compared with unmanaged conditions. This means that although intensive management may buffer communities' functions against species or functional losses, it also limits the range of understory response to environmental changes.Policy implications. Different silvicultural regimes influence different facets of understory functional features. While unmanaged forests can be used as a reference to design silvicultural practices in compliance with biodiversity conservation targets, different silvicultural options should be balanced at landscape scale to sustain the multiple forest functions that human societies are increasingly demanding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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31. Metabolic adjustments to winter severity in two geographically separated great tit (Parus major) populations.

Author

Pacioni, Cesare, Bushuev, Andrey, Sentís, Marina, Kerimov, Anvar, Ivankina, Elena, Lens, Luc, and Strubbe, Diederik

Subjects
GREAT tit, BASAL metabolism, AEROBIC capacity, ENERGY conservation, WINTER
Abstract

Understanding the potential limits placed on organisms by their ecophysiology is crucial for predicting their responses to varying environmental conditions. A main hypothesis for explaining avian thermoregulatory mechanisms is the aerobic capacity model, which posits a positive correlation between basal (basal metabolic rate [BMR]) and summit (Msum) metabolism. Most evidence for this hypothesis, however, comes from interspecific comparisons, and the ecophysiological underpinnings of avian thermoregulatory capacities hence remain controversial. Indeed, studies have traditionally relied on between‐species comparisons, although, recently, there has been a growing recognition of the importance of intraspecific variation in ecophysiological responses. Therefore, here, we focused on great tits (Parus major), measuring BMR and Msum during winter in two populations from two different climates: maritime‐temperate (Gontrode, Belgium) and continental (Zvenigorod, Russia). We tested for the presence of intraspecific geographical variation in metabolic rates and assessed the predictions following the aerobic capacity model. We found that birds from the maritime‐temperate climate (Gontrode) showed higher BMR, whereas conversely, great tits from Zvenigorod showed higher levels of Msum. Within each population, our data did not fully support the aerobic capacity model's predictions. We argued that the decoupling of BMR and Msum observed may be caused by different selective forces acting on these metabolic rates, with birds from the continental‐climate Zvenigorod population facing the need to conserve energy for surviving long winter nights (by keeping their BMR at low levels) while simultaneously being able to generate more heat (i.e., a high Msum) to withstand cold spells. Research Highlights: Great tits from a continental climate save energy by keeping a low BMR, yet generate heat (high Msum) to endure cold spells.Metabolic rate coupling is likely guided by distinct selective pressures, shaping local climate‐driven adaptations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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37. Tree species identity outweighs the effects of tree species diversity and forest fragmentation on understorey diversity and composition

Author

De Groote, Stefanie R.E., van Schrojenstein Lantman, Irene M., Sercu, Bram K., Dekeukeleire, Daan, Boonyarittichaikij, Roschong, Smith, Hannah Keely, De Beeide, Robbe, Ceunen, Kris, Vantieghem, Pieter, Matheve, Hans, De Neve, Liesbeth, Vanhellemont, Margot, Baeten, Lander, de la Pena, Eduardo, Bonte, Dries, Martel, An, Verheyen, Kris, and Lens, Luc

Published
2017

47. Presence of low virulence chytrid fungi could protect European amphibians from more deadly strains

Author

Greener, Mark S., Verbrugghe, Elin, Kelly, Moira, Blooi, Mark, Beukema, Wouter, Canessa, Stefano, Carranza, Salvador, Croubels, Siska, De Troyer, Niels, Fernandez-Giberteau, Daniel, Goethals, Peter, Lens, Luc, Li, Zhimin, Stegen, Gwij, Strubbe, Diederik, van Leeuwenberg, Robby, Van Praet, Sarah, Vila-Escale, Mireia, Vervaeke, Muriel, Pasmans, Frank, and Martel, An

Published
2020
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48. Reproducible WiSDM: a workflow for reproducible invasive alien species risk maps under climate change scenarios using standardized open data.

Author

Davis, Amy J. S., Groom, Quentin, Adriaens, Tim, Vanderhoeven, Sonia, Troch, Rozemien De, Oldoni, Damiano, Desmet, Peter, Reyserhove, Lien, Lens, Luc, Strubbe, Diederik, Botella, Christophe, and Shrestha, Bharat Babu

Subjects
INTRODUCED species, GREENHOUSE gases, METEOROLOGICAL charts, WORKFLOW, SPECIES distribution
Abstract

Introduction: Species distribution models (SDMs) are often used to produce risk maps to guide conservation management and decision-making with regard to invasive alien species (IAS). However, gathering and harmonizing the required species occurrence and other spatial data, as well as identifying and coding a robust modeling framework for reproducible SDMs, requires expertise in both ecological data science and statistics. Methods: We developed WiSDM, a semi-automated workflow to democratize the creation of open, reproducible, transparent, invasive alien species risk maps. To facilitate the production of IAS risk maps using WiSDM, we harmonized and openly published climate and land cover data to a 1 km2 resolution with coverage for Europe. Our workflow mitigates spatial sampling bias, identifies highly correlated predictors, creates ensemble models to predict risk, and quantifies spatial autocorrelation. In addition, we present a novel application for assessing the transferability of the model by quantifying and visualizing the confidence of its predictions. All modeling steps, parameters, evaluation statistics, and other outputs are also automatically generated and are saved in a R markdown notebook file. Results: Our workflow requires minimal input from the user to generate reproducible maps at 1 km2 resolution for standard Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) greenhouse gas emission representative concentration pathway (RCP) scenarios. The confidence associated with the predicted risk for each 1km2 pixel is also mapped, enabling the intuitive visualization and understanding of how the confidence of the model varies across space and RCP scenarios. Discussion: Our workflow can readily be applied by end users with a basic knowledge of R, does not require expertise in species distribution modeling, and only requires an understanding of the ecological theory underlying species distributions. The risk maps generated by our repeatable workflow can be used to support IAS risk assessment and surveillance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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