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The CLARIN Resource Families (CRF) initiative provides manually curated overviews of prominent language resources and technologies deposited across the distributed CLARIN infrastructure (Lenardič and Fišer 2022). The main aim of CRF is to support other core services of CLARIN from the perspective of the FAIR principles (Wilkinson et al. 2016). CRF enhances the findability and accessibility of CLARIN resources by collating them under their most common typological characteristic. The initiative facilitates re-use by providing comprehensive descriptions tailored to the unique technical features of each of the families, as well as their qualitative characteristics. Furthermore, CRF provides a funding instrument for external projects to contribute new overviews. Though originally focused on written corpora (e.g., corpora of parliamentary proceedings, corpora of academic texts), in 2022, CRF was expanded to include corpora of oral history. At present one collection is currently featured – the Ravensbrück corpora (Calamai et al. 2022a) – whose creation was supported by the aforementioned CRF funding instrument. This corpus family contains 8 collections of recorded interviews with survivors of the female concentration camp Ravensbrück, conducted in different languages, such as English, German, Hebrew, and French. See https://www.clarin.eu/resource-families/oral-history-corpora. One collection is available for download (Collection Bruzzone; see Bruzzone and Beccaria Rolfi 1976) while the others can be streamed online. The inclusion of the Ravensbrück corpora in CRF represents an illustrative example of how the CLARIN infrastructure incorporates and provides documentation for complex objects like oral history sources whose provenance and metadata documentation widely differ from standard written corpora and even from contemporary interviews born digitally. The team working on the Ravensbrück resource family (see Calamai et al. 2022b) availed themselves of CLARIN’s Component Metadata Infrastructure (CMDI), which is a framework for metadata description that “supports flexible definitions of metadata structure and semantics” by allowing researchers to “create and use their own [metadata] schema tailored specifically towards the requirements of [their] project” (Windhouwer and Goosen 2022: 194 and 199). All the 8 collections within the Ravensbrück family are accompanied by extensive CMDI metadata, prepared by Calamai et al. (2022a,b). The peculiarity of the interviews in the Ravensbrück family is that they were mostly recorded on an analogue carrier (i.e., audio cassettes), so a new CMDI metadata profile was created that is tailored to such legacy interviews not born digitally. This metadata profile has additional components describing “information about the context in which the interviews were conducted” as well as “information about the process of digitisation” (Calamai et al. 2022a: 3). Being thus digitised, comprehensively described, and carefully curated, the Ravensbrück corpora present a unique opportunity to study and compare these historical interviews. To facilitate their use in research, CLARIN offers through its Speech data and Technology network (Draxler et al. 2020) an open-source web application called TranscriptionPortal (https://speechandtech.eu/transcription-portal), where certain audio recordings (e.g., Collection Bruzzone, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum) can be uploaded and then orthographically transcribed on the fly, with manual phonetic and word alignment for a variety of languages., Funded in the context of the CLARIN Resource Families Project.

Since 2016, the tour de CLARIN initiative has been periodically highlighting prominent user involvement activities in the CLARIN network in order to increase the visibility of its members, reveal the richness of the CLARIN landscape, and display the full range of activities that show what CLARIN has to offer to researchers, teachers, students, professionals and the general public interested in using and processing language data in various forms. In 2019, we expanded the initiative to also feature the work of CLARIN Knowledge Centres, which offer knowledge and expertise in specific areas provide to researchers, educators and developers alike. Initially conceived as a series of blog posts published on the CLARIN website, Tour de CLARIN soon proved to be one of our flagship outreach initiatives, which has been released in the form of two printed volumes. this third volume of tour de CLARIN is organized into two parts. In Part 1, we present the six countries which have been featured since January 2020: Norway, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, South Africa, and Iceland. Each national consortium is presented with five chapters: an introduction to the consortium, their members and their work; a description of one of their key resources; the presentation of an outstanding tool; an account of a successful event for the researchers and students in their network; and an interview with a renowned researcher from the Digital Humanities or Social Sciences who has successfully used the consortium’s infrastructure in their work. In Part 2, we present the work of the six Knowledge Centres that have been visited since the publication of the second volume in November 2019: the Impact-CKC K-Centre, the Knowledge Centre for Polish Language technology, the Phonogrammarchiv Knowledge Centre, the Knowledge Centre for Atypical Communication Expertise, the LUND University Humanities Lab Knowledge Centre, and the Spanish Knowledge Centre. Each Knowledge Centre is presented with two chapters: a presentation of what the K-Centre offers to researchers, and an interview with a renowned researcher who has collaborated with the K-Centre.

Since 2016, the Tour de CLARIN initiative has been periodically highlighting prominent user involvement activities in the CLARIN network in order to increase the visibility of its members, reveal the richness of the CLARIN landscape, and display the full range of activities that show what CLARIN has to offer to researchers, teachers, students, professionals, and the general public interested in using and processing language data in various forms. Originally only focussing on CLARIN consortia, this initiative was expanded twice, first in 2019 to also feature the work of CLARIN Knowledge Centres (or K-centres), which offer knowledge and expertise in specific areas to researchers, educators, and developers alike, and second in 2021 to feature Service Providing Centres (or B-centres), which serve as the technical backbone of the CLARIN infrastructure. For almost five years, Tour de CLARIN has been one of the flagship outreach initiatives, thus far released in the form of three printed volumes. The fourth volume is organized in two parts. In Part 1, we present CLARIN Portugal in five chapters: an introduction to the consortium, its members, and their work; a description of one of their key resources; the presentation of an outstanding tool; an account of a successful event for the researchers and students in their network; and an interview with a renowned researcher from the Digital Humanities or Social Sciences who has successfully used the consortium’s infrastructure in their work. In Part 2, we present the work of six K-centres and two B-centres that have been visited since the publication of the second volume in November 2020: the K-centre for morphologically rich languages SAFMORIL, the French CORLI K-centre, the K-centre for South Slavic languages CLASSLA, the NLP:EL K-centre for Greek, the Austrian B-centre ARCHE, and the CLARIN-PL B-centre. Each centre is presented in two chapters: a presentation of what the centre offers to researchers and an interview with a renowned researcher who has benefited from the collaboration with the centre. The volume would not have been possible without the contributions and dedication of the CLARIN national coordinators and user involvement coordinators, and centre representatives: Antonio Branco, João Silva, Erik Axelson, Eva Soroli, Nikola Ljubešić, Maria Gavriilidou, Martina Trognitz, and Jan Wieczorek. We would also like to thank all the researchers who have kindly agreed to be interviewed for their time and invaluable insights: Pilar Barbosa, Jack Rueter, Thomas Gaillat, Zrinka Kolaković, Titika Dimitroulia, Peter Andorfer, Stephan Kurz, Martin Anton Müller, and Olga Czeranowska.

Since 2016, the tour de CLARIN initiative has been periodically highlighting prominent user involvement activities in the CLARIN network in order to increase the visibility of its members, reveal the richness of the CLARIN landscape, and display the full range of activities that show what CLARIN has to offer to researchers, teachers, students, professionals and the general public interested in using and processing language data in various forms. the initiative was initially conceived as a series of blog posts published on the CLARIN webpage and disseminated through the CLARIN newsflash and social media channels. In 2018, the results of the initiative were published in a printed volume. Gradually, Tour de CLARIN has proven to be one of the flagship user involvement initiatives by CLARIN ERIC, is highly valuable for our network and incredibly popular with our readers. that is why the initiative has since been expanded from presentations of the work carried out by national consortia to also feature the work of CLARIN Knowledge Centres, which provide a physical or virtual place where researchers, educators and developers alike can get cross-border access to knowledge and expertise in specific areas. As a reflection of the double focus, this second volume of Tour de CLARIN is organized into two parts. In Part 1, we present the seven countries which have been featured since November 2018, when the first volume was published: Estonia, Latvia, Denmark, Italy, Slovenia, Hungary, and Bulgaria. In this part, each country is presented with five chapters: an introduction to the consortium, their members and their work; a description of one of their key resources; a presentation of an outstanding tool; an account of a successful event for the researchers and students in their network; and an interview with a renowned researcher from the digital humanities or social sciences who has successfully used the consortium’s infrastructure in their research. In Part 2, we present the work of the four Knowledge Centres that have been visited thus far: the Knowledge Centre for treebanking, the Knowledge Centre for the Languages of Sweden, the TalkBank Knowledge Centre, and the Czech Knowledge Centre for Corpus Linguistics. In this part, each K-centre is presented with two chapters: a presentation of what the K-centre offers to researchers; and an interview with either a renowned researcher who has collaborated with the K-centre or a leading developer who is part of the centre itself and who provided as with valuable insight into what the centre offers.

Tour de CLARIN is an initiative started by CLARIN ERIC in 2016 that has been periodically highlighting prominent user involvement activities of CLARIN national consortia in the form of blog posts published on the CLARIN webpage, disseminated through the CLARIN news flash and on social media. By focusing a different national consortium every two months and showcasing their outstanding language resources, text processing tools, user involvement events and researchers, we have been aiming to increase the visibility of the various consortia, reveal the richness of the CLARIN landscape, and display the full range of activities throughout the network that can not only inform and inspire other consortia, but also show what CLARIN has to offer to researchers, teachers, students, professionals and the general public interested in using and processing language data in various forms. In the two years we have been running the initiative, and having visited nearly half of all the CLARIN member countries, we can say that Tour de CLARIN has proved to be one of the flagship user involvement initiatives by CLARIN ERIC; highly valuable for our network and incredibly popular with our readers. This is why have decided to collect the blog posts in a printed volume. The first volume presents all the nine countries which we have visited so far: Finland, Sweden, Austria, the Netherlands, Poland, Belgium, the Czech Republic, Greece and Lithuania.

This paper reports on the Language Technologies and Digital Humanities conference, which took place 20-21 September 2018 at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering in Ljubljana, Ta članek je poročilo o konferenciJezikovne tehnologije in digitalna humanistika, ki je potekala med 20. in 21. septembrom 2018 na Fakulteti za elektrotehniko v Ljubljani.

The paper presents a study of how seven Danish left and right wing parties addressed immigration in their 2011, 2015 and 2019 manifestos and in their speeches in the Danish Parliament from 2009 to 2020. The annotated manifestos are produced by the Comparative Manifesto Project, while the parliamentary speeches annotated with policy areas (subjects) have been recently released under CLARIN-DK. In the paper, we investigate how often the seven parties addressed immigration in the manifestos and parliamentary debates, and we analyse both datasets after having applied NLP tools to them. A sentiment analysis tool was run on the manifestos and its results were compared with the manifestos’ annotations, while topic modeling was applied to the parliamentary speeches in order to outline central themes in the immigration debates. Many of the resulting topic groups are related to cultural, religious and integration aspects which were heavily debated by politicians and media when discussing immigration policy during the past decade. Our analyses also show differences and similarities between parties and indicate how the 2015 immigrant crisis is reflected in the two types of data. Finally, we discuss advantages and limitations of our quantitative and tool-based analyses.