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4. Driving gut microbiota enterotypes through host genetics

Author

Rogel-Gaillard, Claire, primary, Larzul, Catherine, additional, Estellé, Jordi, additional, Borey, Marion, additional, Blanc, Fany, additional, Lemonnier, Gaëtan, additional, Jardet, Deborah, additional, Lecardonnel, Jérôme, additional, Billon, Yvon, additional, Thiam, Mamadou-Gabou, additional, Oñate, Florian Plaza, additional, Quinquis, Benoit, additional, and Galleron, Nathalie, additional

Published
2023
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5. Driving gut microbiota enterotypes through host genetics

Author

Larzul, Catherine, primary, Estellé, Jordi, additional, Borey, Marion, additional, Blanc, Fany, additional, Lemonnier, Gaëtan, additional, Billon, Yvon, additional, Thiam, Mamadou-Gabou, additional, Quinquis, Benoit, additional, Galleron, Nathalie, additional, Jardet, Deborah, additional, Lecardonnel, Jérôme, additional, Oñate, Florian Plaza, additional, and Rogel-Gaillard, Claire, additional

Published
2023
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10. Response to selection on fecal microbiota composition in Large White piglets

Author

Larzul, Catherine, Borey, Marion, Billon, Yvon, Rossignol, Marie-Noelle, Lemonnier, Gaëtan, Estelle, Jordi, Rogel Gaillard, Claire, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), LARZUL, Catherine, and Rogel-Gaillard, Claire

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, [SDV.GEN.GA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics
Abstract

International audience; Pig gut microbiota displays high inter-individual variability and it remains an open question to determine to what extent its taxonomic composition relies on host genetic determinism and not only on environmental conditions. We carried out a study to demonstrate coevolution of the host and its gut microbiota established one month post-weaning, by directional selection over two generations. The gut microbiota was characterized by sequencing the V3-V4 variable region of the 16S rRNA gene from fecal samples collected on 60-day-old Large White piglets. Amplicon sequence variants were inferred from amplicon data and the microbial community was further studied at the genus level. Based on the stratification of the initial population (generation G0) according to the two major pig enterotypes, characterized by relative overabundance of either Prevotella and Mitsuokella or Ruminococcus and Treponema, we used the relative abundance of these four genera as selection criteria. From the G0 population of 317 piglets, we selected 6 males and 30 females per line and produced two successive generations (G1 and G2) of approximately 130 pigs per line. We consistently confirmed a moderate heritability for each of the selected genera (h²=0.3 to 0.4). We also estimated the heritability values of the relative abundances for 64 additional bacterial genera, which ranged from 0.1 to 0.5. We showed significant differences between the two lines in the relative abundance of the four bacterial genera at G1 (P

Published
2021

11. Transcription variants of SLA-7, a swine non classical MHC class I gene

Author

Hu Rui, Lemonnier Gaëtan, Bourneuf Emmanuelle, Vincent-Naulleau Silvia, and Rogel-Gaillard Claire

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract In pig, very little information is available on the non classical class I (Ib) genes of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) i.e. SLA-6, -7 and -8. Our aim was to focus on the transcription pattern of the SLA-7 gene. RT-PCR experiments were carried out with SLA-7 specific primers targeting either the full coding sequence (CDS) from exon 1 to the 3 prime untranslated region (3UTR) or a partial CDS from exon 4 to the 3UTR. We show that the SLA-7 gene expresses a full length transcript not yet identified that refines annotation of the gene with eight exons instead of seven as initially described from the existing RefSeq RNA. These two RNAs encode molecules that differ in cytoplasmic tail length. In this study, another SLA-7 transcript variant was characterized, which encodes a protein with a shorter alpha 3 domain, as a consequence of a splicing site within exon 4. Surprisingly, a cryptic non canonical GA-AG splicing site is used to generate this transcript variant. An additional SLA-7 variant was also identified in the 3UTR with a splicing site occurring 31 nucleotides downstream to the stop codon. In conclusion, the pig SLA-7 MHC class Ib gene presents a complex transcription pattern with two transcripts encoding various molecules and transcripts that do not alter the CDS and may be subject to post-transcriptional regulation.

Published
2011
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12. Discovery of Predictors of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae Vaccine Response Efficiency in Pigs: 16S rRNA Gene Fecal Microbiota Analysis

Author

Munyaka, Peris M., primary, Blanc, Fany, additional, Estellé, Jordi, additional, Lemonnier, Gaëtan, additional, Leplat, Jean-Jacques, additional, Rossignol, Marie-Noëlle, additional, Jardet, Déborah, additional, Plastow, Graham, additional, Billon, Yvon, additional, Willing, Benjamin P., additional, and Rogel-Gaillard, Claire, additional

Published
2020
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14. Searching for markers of immunocompetence in blood: application to vaccination against Influenza A virus in pigs

Author

Blanc, Fany, Estellé, Jordi, Lemonnier, Gaëtan, Leplat, Jean Jacques, Bouguyon, Edwige, Billon, Yvon, Bouchez, Olivier, Pinard - Van Der Laan, Marie-Hélène, Rogel Gaillard, Claire, Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), AgroParisTech-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Paris Saclay (COMUE), Unité de recherche Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires (VIM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UE 1372 Génétique, Expérimentation et Système Innovants, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Génétique animale (G.A.)-Physiologie Animale et Systèmes d'Elevage (PHASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Génétique, Expérimentation et Système Innovants (GenESI), GeT PlaGe, Genotoul, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Unité de recherche Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires (VIM (UR 0892)), Génétique, Expérimentation et Système Innovants (GenESI), Génome et Transcriptome - Plateforme Génomique (GeT-PlaGe), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Plateforme Génome & Transcriptome (GET), Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), European Project: 633184,H2020,H2020-SFS-2014-2,SAPHIR(2015), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Génopole Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées [Auzeville] (GENOTOUL), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], education, reproductive and urinary physiology, humanities, health care economics and organizations
Abstract

Searching for markers of immunocompetence in blood: application to vaccination against Influenza A virus in pigs . International Veterinary Immunology Symposium (IVIS)

Published
2019

15. Integrative genomics analysis of blood and microbiota data suggests a NAFLD-related disorder in SLAdd minipigs

Author

Moroldo, Marco, Munyaka, Peris, Lecardonnel, Jérôme, Lemonnier, Gaëtan, Venturi, Eric, Chevaleyre, Claire, Estellé, Jordi, Rogel Gaillard, Claire, Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Université Paris Saclay (COmUE), Unité Expérimentale de Physiologie Animale de l‘Orfrasiére (UE PAO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT), European Project: 227549,KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2008-2B,INTERPLAY(2009), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours

Subjects
[SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [INFO]Computer Science [cs], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

17. Correlazione tra microbiota fecale e risposta alla vaccinazione nei confronti del virus dell’infl uenza A nei suini.

Author

Borey, Marion, Blanc, Fany, Lemonnier, Gaëtan, Leplat, Jean-Jacques, Jardet, Deborah, Rossignol, Marie-Noëlle, Ravon, Laure, Billon, Yvon, Bernard, Maria, Estellé, Jordi, and Rogel-Gaillard, Claire

Abstract

Copyright of Summa, Animali da Reddito is the property of Point Veterinaire Italie s.r.l. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2021

18. Transcriptome analysis of porcine PBMCs after in vitro stimulation by LPS or PMA/ionomycin using an expression array targeting the pig immune response

Author

Esquerré Diane, Lecardonnel Jérome, Flori Laurence, Gao Yu, Hu Zhi-Liang, Teillaud Angélique, Lemonnier Gaëtan, Lefèvre Francois, Oswald Isabelle P, and Rogel-Gaillard Claire

Subjects
Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Genetics, QH426-470
Abstract

Abstract Background Designing sustainable animal production systems that better balance productivity and resistance to disease is a major concern. In order to address questions related to immunity and resistance to disease in pig, it is necessary to increase knowledge on its immune system and to produce efficient tools dedicated to this species. Results A long-oligonucleotide-based chip referred to as SLA-RI/NRSP8-13K was produced by combining a generic set with a newly designed SLA-RI set that targets all annotated loci of the pig major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region (SLA complex) in both orientations as well as immunity genes outside the SLA complex. The chip was used to study the immune response of pigs following stimulation of porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or a mixture of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and ionomycin for 24 hours. Transcriptome analysis revealed that ten times more genes were differentially expressed after PMA/ionomycin stimulation than after LPS stimulation. LPS stimulation induced a general inflammation response with over-expression of SAA1, pro-inflammatory chemokines IL8, CCL2, CXCL5, CXCL3, CXCL2 and CCL8 as well as genes related to oxidative processes (SOD2) and calcium pathways (S100A9 and S100A12). PMA/ionomycin stimulation induced a stronger up-regulation of T cell activation than of B cell activation with dominance toward a Th1 response, including IL2, CD69 and TNFRSF9 (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 9) genes. In addition, a very intense repression of THBS1 (thrombospondin 1) was observed. Repression of MHC class I genes was observed after PMA/ionomycin stimulation despite an up-regulation of the gene cascade involved in peptide processing. Repression of MHC class II genes was observed after both stimulations. Our results provide preliminary data suggesting that antisense transcripts mapping to the SLA complex may have a role during immune response. Conclusion The SLA-RI/NRSP8-13K chip was found to accurately decipher two distinct immune response activations of PBMCs indicating that it constitutes a valuable tool to further study immunity and resistance to disease in pig. The transcriptome analysis revealed specific and common features of the immune responses depending on the stimulation agent that increase knowledge on pig immunity.

Published
2010
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19. Microbiote intestinal chez le porc : paramètres génétiques de sa composition et liens avec des caractères immunitaires

Author

Estellé, Jordi, Larzul, Catherine, Mach Casellas, Nuria, Levenez, Florence, Ramayo-Caldas, Yuliaxis, MEURENS, François, Mercat, Marie-José, Lemonnier, Gaëtan, Denis, Catherine, Billon, Yvon, Oswald, Isabelle, Doré, Joël, Berri, El Mostafa, Lepage, Patricia, Rogel Gaillard, Claire, Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative (GABI), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Génétique Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage (GenPhySE ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT], MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), Infectiologie Animale et Santé Publique - IASP (Nouzilly, France), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut du Porc, UE 1372 Génétique, Expérimentation et Système Innovants, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Génétique animale (G.A.)-Physiologie Animale et Systèmes d'Elevage (PHASE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Génétique, Expérimentation et Système Innovants (GenESI), ToxAlim (ToxAlim), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Ecole d'Ingénieurs de Purpan (INPT - EI Purpan), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse (ENVT), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours (UT), Institut du Porc (IFIP), Génétique, Expérimentation et Système Innovants (GenESI), Biosynthèse & Toxicité des Mycotoxines (ToxAlim-BioToMyc), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Tours

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract

Microbiote intestinal chez le porc : paramètres génétiques de sa composition et liens avec des caractères immunitaires. 48. Journées de la Recherche Porcine

Published
2016

21. Transcriptomic analysis of the dialog between Pseudorabies virus and porcine epithelial cells during time-course infection

Author

Rogel-Gaillard, Claire, Cochet, Marielle, Lemonnier, Gaëtan, Hugot, Karine, Chardon, Patrick, Robin, Stephane, Lefèvre, Francois, and Flori, Laurence

Subjects
viruses, porcin, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, PIGS, AUJESZKY VIRUS, GENE EXPRESSION, RESPONSE TO INFECTION, VIRUS AUJESZKY, EXPRESSION DE GENES, REPONSE A L'INFECTION
Abstract

Background: Transcriptomic approaches are relevant for studying virus-host cell dialogues to better understand the physiopathology of infection and the immune response at the cellular level. Pseudorabies virus (PrV), a porcine Alphaherpesvirus, is a good model for such studies in pig. Since PrV displays a strong tropism for mucous epithelial cells, we developed a kinetics study of PrV infection in the porcine PK15 epithelial cell line. To identify as completely as possible, viral and cellular genes regulated during infection, we simultaneously analyzed PrV and cellular transcriptome modifications using two microarrays i.e. a laboratory-made combined SLA/PrV microarray, consisting of probes for all PrV genes and for porcine genes contained in the Swine Leukocyte Antigen (SLA) complex, and the porcine generic Qiagen-NRSP8 oligonucleotide microarray. We confirmed the differential expression of a selected set of genes by qRT-PCR and flow cytometry.[br/] Results: An increase in the number of differentially expressed cellular genes and PrV genes especially from 4 h post-infection (pi) was observed concomitantly with the onset of viral progeny while no early global cellular shutoff was recorded. Many cellular genes were down-regulated from 4 h pi and their number increased until 12 h pi. UL41 transcripts encoding the virion host shutoff protein were first detected as differentially expressed at 8 h pi. The viral gene UL49.5 encoding a TAP inhibitor protein was differentially expressed as soon as 2 h pi, indicating that viral evasion via TAP inhibition may start earlier than the cellular gene shutoff. We found that many biological processes are altered during PrV infection. Indeed, several genes involved in the SLA class I antigenic presentation pathway (SLA-Ia, TAP1, TAP2, PSMB8 and PSMB9), were down-regulated, thus contributing to viral immune escape from this pathway and other genes involved in apoptosis, nucleic acid metabolism, cytoskeleton signaling as well as interferon-mediated antiviral response were also modulated during PrV infection.[br/] Conclusion: Our results show that the gene expression of both PrV and porcine cells can be analyzed simultaneously with microarrays, providing a chronology of PrV gene transcription, which has never been described before, and a global picture of transcription with a direct temporal link between viral and host gene expression.

Published
2008

22. Genome-wide immunity studies in the rabbit: transcriptome variations in peripheral blood mononuclear cells after in vitro stimulation by LPS or PMA-Ionomycin

Author

Jacquier, Vincent, primary, Estellé, Jordi, additional, Schmaltz-Panneau, Barbara, additional, Lecardonnel, Jérôme, additional, Moroldo, Marco, additional, Lemonnier, Gaëtan, additional, Turner-Maier, Jason, additional, Duranthon, Véronique, additional, Oswald, Isabelle P, additional, Gidenne, Thierry, additional, and Rogel-Gaillard, Claire, additional

Published
2015
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25. Immunity Traits in Pigs: Substantial Genetic Variation and Limited Covariation

Author

Flori, Laurence, primary, Gao, Yu, additional, Laloë, Denis, additional, Lemonnier, Gaëtan, additional, Leplat, Jean-Jacques, additional, Teillaud, Angélique, additional, Cossalter, Anne-Marie, additional, Laffitte, Joëlle, additional, Pinton, Philippe, additional, de Vaureix, Christiane, additional, Bouffaud, Marcel, additional, Mercat, Marie-José, additional, Lefèvre, François, additional, Oswald, Isabelle P., additional, Bidanel, Jean-Pierre, additional, and Rogel-Gaillard, Claire, additional

Published
2011
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26. Transcriptome analysis of porcine PBMCs after in vitro stimulation by LPS or PMA/ionomycin using an expression array targeting the pig immune response

Author

Gao, Yu, primary, Flori, Laurence, additional, Lecardonnel, Jérome, additional, Esquerré, Diane, additional, Hu, Zhi-Liang, additional, Teillaud, Angélique, additional, Lemonnier, Gaëtan, additional, Lefèvre, Francois, additional, Oswald, Isabelle P, additional, and Rogel-Gaillard, Claire, additional

Published
2010
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27. Transcription variants of SLA-7, a swine non classical MHC class I gene.

Author

Rui Hu, Lemonnier, Gaëtan, Bourneuf, Emmanuelle, Vincent-Naulleau, Silvia, and Rogel-Gaillard, Claire

Subjects
*NUCLEIC acids, *EXONS (Genetics), *RNA, *GENE expression, *GENETIC regulation
Abstract

In pig, very little information is available on the non classical class I (Ib) genes of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) i.e. SLA-6, -7 and -8. Our aim was to focus on the transcription pattern of the SLA-7 gene. RT-PCR experiments were carried out with SLA-7 specific primers targeting either the full coding sequence (CDS) from exon 1 to the 3 prime untranslated region (3UTR) or a partial CDS from exon 4 to the 3UTR. We show that the SLA-7 gene expresses a full length transcript not yet identified that refines annotation of the gene with eight exons instead of seven as initially described from the existing RefSeq RNA. These two RNAs encode molecules that differ in cytoplasmic tail length. In this study, another SLA-7 transcript variant was characterized, which encodes a protein with a shorter alpha 3 domain, as a consequence of a splicing site within exon 4. Surprisingly, a cryptic non canonical GA-AG splicing site is used to generate this transcript variant. An additional SLA-7 variant was also identified in the 3UTR with a splicing site occurring 31 nucleotides downstream to the stop codon. In conclusion, the pig SLA-7 MHC class Ib gene presents a complex transcription pattern with two transcripts encoding various molecules and transcripts that do not alter the CDS and may be subject to post-transcriptional regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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28. Transcriptome analysis of porcine PBMCs after in vitro stimulation by LPS or PMA/ionomycin using an expression array targeting the pig immune response.

Author

Yu Gao, Flori, Laurence, Lecardonnel, Jérome, Esquerré, Diane, Zhi-Liang Hu, Teillaud, Angélique, Lemonnier, Gaëtan, Lefèvre, Francois, Oswald, Isabelle P., and Rogel-Gaillard, Claire

Subjects
NATURAL immunity, SWINE diseases, MAJOR histocompatibility complex, IMMUNE response, MACROPHAGES, ENDOTOXINS
Abstract

Background: Designing sustainable animal production systems that better balance productivity and resistance to disease is a major concern. In order to address questions related to immunity and resistance to disease in pig, it is necessary to increase knowledge on its immune system and to produce efficient tools dedicated to this species. Results: A long-oligonucleotide-based chip referred to as SLA-RI/NRSP8-13K was produced by combining a generic set with a newly designed SLA-RI set that targets all annotated loci of the pig major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region (SLA complex) in both orientations as well as immunity genes outside the SLA complex. The chip was used to study the immune response of pigs following stimulation of porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or a mixture of phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and ionomycin for 24 hours. Transcriptome analysis revealed that ten times more genes were differentially expressed after PMA/ionomycin stimulation than after LPS stimulation. LPS stimulation induced a general inflammation response with over-expression of SAA1, pro-inflammatory chemokines IL8, CCL2, CXCL5, CXCL3, CXCL2 and CCL8 as well as genes related to oxidative processes (SOD2) and calcium pathways (S100A9 and S100A12). PMA/ionomycin stimulation induced a stronger up-regulation of T cell activation than of B cell activation with dominance toward a Th1 response, including IL2, CD69 and TNFRSF9 (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 9) genes. In addition, a very intense repression of THBS1 (thrombospondin 1) was observed. Repression of MHC class I genes was observed after PMA/ionomycin stimulation despite an up-regulation of the gene cascade involved in peptide processing. Repression of MHC class II genes was observed after both stimulations. Our results provide preliminary data suggesting that antisense transcripts mapping to the SLA complex may have a role during immune response. Conclusion: The SLA-RI/NRSP8-13K chip was found to accurately decipher two distinct immune response activations of PBMCs indicating that it constitutes a valuable tool to further study immunity and resistance to disease in pig. The transcriptome analysis revealed specific and common features of the immune responses depending on the stimulation agent that increase knowledge on pig immunity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2010
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