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Your search keyword '"Leman, Patricia A."' showing total 27 results
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27 results on '"Leman, Patricia A."'

1. Mammarenaviruses of Rodents, South Africa and Zimbabwe

Author

Grobbelaar, Antoinette A., Jardine, Jocelyn, Burt, Felicity J., Shepherd, Alasdair J., Shepherd, Susan P., Leman, Patricia A., Kemp, Alan, Braack, Lawrence E.O., Weyer, Jacqueline, Paweska, Janusz T., and Swanepoel, Robert

Subjects
Rodents -- Statistics -- Diseases, Arenavirus diseases -- Statistics -- Causes of -- Risk factors, Arenaviruses -- Statistics -- Identification and classification -- Genetic aspects, Health
Abstract

In response to the emergence of Lassa fever, Marburg virus, and Ebola virus in Africa, a Biosafety Level 4 laboratory was constructed at the National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD) [...]

Published
2021
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6. Epidemiologic investigations into outbreaks of Rift Valley Fever in humans, South Africa, 2008-2011

Author

Archer, Brett N., Thomas, Juno, Weyer, Jacqueline, Cengimbo, Ayanda, Landoh, Dadja E., Jacobs, Charlene, Ntuli, Sindile, Modise, Motshabi, Mathonsi, Moshe, Mashishi, Morton S., Leman, Patricia A., le Roux, Chantel, van Vuren, Petrus Jansen, Kemp, Alan, Paweska, Janusz T., and Blumberg, Lucille

Subjects
Rift Valley fever -- Investigations, Zoonoses -- Investigations, Public health -- Investigations, Livestock -- Investigations, Company legal issue, Health
Abstract

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an emerging arboviral zoonosis, endemic to Africa. During periods of anomalous heavy and prolonged rainfalls that favor the breeding of competent mosquito vectors, Rift Valley [...]

Published
2013
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7. Molecular epidemiology of Rift Valley fever virus

Author

Grobbelaar, Antoinette A., Weyer, Jacqueline, Leman, Patricia A., Kemp, Alan, Paweska, Janusz T., and Swanepoel, Robert

Subjects
Rift Valley fever -- Risk factors -- Genetic aspects -- Distribution -- Prevention -- Research, Genetic vectors -- Usage, Company distribution practices, Health
Abstract

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an acute disease of domestic ruminants in Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. This disease is caused by a mosquito-borne virus of the family Bunyaviridae and [...]

Published
2011
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8. Lineage 2 West Nile virus as cause of fatal neurologic disease in horses, South Africa

Author

Venter, Marietjie, Human, Stacey, Zaayman, Dewald, Gerdes, Gertruida H., Williams, June, Steyl, Johan, Leman, Patricia A., Paweska, Janusz Tadeusz, Setzkorn, Hildegard, Rous, Gavin, Murray, Sue, Parker, Rissa, Donnellan, Cynthia, and Swanepoel, Robert

Subjects
Company distribution practices, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay -- Usage, Horses -- Health aspects, Nervous system diseases -- Risk factors, Nervous system diseases -- Distribution, Nervous system diseases -- Drug therapy, Nervous system diseases -- Research, West Nile virus -- Health aspects, West Nile virus -- Distribution, West Nile virus -- Control, West Nile virus -- Research
Abstract

West Nile virus (WNV), a mosquito-born flavivirus of the family Flaviviridae, is widely distributed throughout Africa, the Middle East, Asia, parts of Europe, Australia, North and South America, and the [...]

Published
2009

9. Studies of reservoir hosts for Marburg virus

Author

Swanepoel, Robert, Smit, Sheilagh B., Rollin, Pierre E., Formenty, Pierre, Leman, Patricia A., Kemp, Alan, Burt, Felicity J., Grobbelaar, Antoinette A., Croft, Janice, Bausch, Daniel G., Zeller, Herve, Leirs, Herwig, Braack, L.E.O., Libande, Modeste L., Zaki, Sherif, Nichol, Stuart T., Ksiazek, Thomas G., and Paweska, Janusz T.

Subjects
Nucleic acids -- Research, Marburg virus disease -- Research, Marburg virus disease -- Genetic aspects, Marburg virus disease -- Reports, Bats -- Research, Bats -- Genetic aspects
Abstract

To determine reservoir hosts for Marburg virus (MARV), we examined the fauna of a mine in northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. The mine was associated with a protracted outbreak [...]

Published
2007

10. Epidemiology and molecular virus characterization of reemerging rabies, South Africa

Author

Cohen, Cheryl, Sartorius, Benn, Sabeta, Claude, Zulu, Gugulethu, Paweska, Janusz, Mogoswane, Mamokete, Sutton, Chris, Nel, Louis H., Swanepoel, Robert, Leman, Patricia A., Grobbelaar, Antoinette A., Dyason, Edwin, and Blumberg, Lucille

Subjects
Rabies -- Reports, Rabies -- Research, Rabies -- Health aspects
Abstract

The incidence of dog rabies in Limpopo Province, South Africa, increased from 5 cases in 2004 to 100 in 2006. Human rabies had last been confirmed in 1981, but investigations [...]

Published
2007

11. Coronavirus antibodies in African bat species

Author

Muller, Marcel A., Paweska, Janusz T., Leman, Patricia A., Drosten, Christian, Grywna, Klaus, Kemp, Alan, Braack, Leo, Sonnenberg, Karen, Niedrig, Matthias, and Swanepoel, Robert

Subjects
Disease transmission -- Observations, Severe acute respiratory syndrome -- Causes of, Antibodies -- Observations, Viral antibodies -- Observations, Bats -- Health aspects, Communicable diseases -- Research, Coronaviruses -- Observations
Abstract

Asian bats have been identified as potential reservoir hosts of coronaviruses associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV). We detected antibody reactive with SARS-CoV antigen in 47 (6.7%) of 705 [...]

Published
2007

12. Virus detection and monitoring of viral load in Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus patients

Author

Wolfel, Roman, Paweska, Janusz T., Petersen, Nadine, Grobbelaar, Antoinette A., Leman, Patricia A., Hewson, Roger, Georges-Courbot, Marie-Claude, Papa, Anna, Gunther, Stephan, and Drosten, Christian

Subjects
Hemorrhagic fever -- Research, Hemorrhagic fever -- Diagnosis, Hemorrhagic fever -- Care and treatment, Polymerase chain reaction -- Usage, Viremia -- Measurement, Viremia -- Research, Viremia -- Usage
Abstract

We developed a real-time reverse transcription--PCR that detected 1,164 copies/mL of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus per milliliter of serum at 95% probability (probit analysis) and was 100% concordant with nested [...]

Published
2007

13. Marburg hemorrhagic fever associated with multiple genetic lineages of virus

Author

Bausch, Daniel G.; Nichol, Stuart T., Borchert, Matthias, Rollin, Pierre E.; Sleurs, Hilde, Muyembe-Tamfum, Jean Jacques, Campbell, Patricia; Tshioko, Florimund K., Mardel, Simon; Olinda, Loku A.; Zeller, Herve, Roth, Catherine; Colebunders, Robert; Pirard, Patricia, Leirs, Herwig; Braack, Leo; Ksiazek, Tom, Zaki, Sherif; Bowen, Michael D.; Smit, Sheilagh B., Leman, Patricia A., and Burt, Felicity J.; Kemp, Alan

Subjects
Marburg virus disease -- Development and progression, Marburg virus disease -- Genetic aspects, Congo (Kinshasa) -- Health aspects
Abstract

The outbreak of Marburg hemorrhagic fever in northeastern Democratic Republic of Congo in 1998 was studied. The multiple introductions of infection into the population helping to perpetuate the outbreak was explained by the detection of at least nine genetically distinct lineages of virus in circulation during the outbreak.

Published
2006

14. Phylogenetic relationships of southern African West Nile virus isolates. (Research)

Author

Burt, Felicity J., Grobbelaar, Antoinette A., Leman, Patricia A., Anthony, Fiona S., Gibson, Georgina V.F., and Swanepoel, Robert

Subjects
West Nile fever -- Genetic aspects, Cladistic analysis -- Genetic aspects, Virus diseases -- Distribution
Abstract

Phylogenetic relationships were examined for 29 southern African West Nile virus (formal name West Nile virus [WNV]) isolates from various sources in four countries from 1958 to 2001. In addition [...]

Published
2002

16. Transmission of West Nile virus during horse autopsy

Author

Venter, Marietjie, Steyl, Johan, Human, Stacey, Weyer, Jacqueline, Zaayman, Dewald, Blumberg, Lufcille, Leman, Patricia A., Paweska, Janusz, and Swanepoel, Robert

Subjects
Autopsy -- Usage, West Nile virus -- Statistics -- Diagnosis, Encephalitis -- Diagnosis, Phylogeny -- Analysis, Disease transmission -- Research, Horses -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

To the Editor: West Nile virus (WNV) circulates mainly in birds and ornithophilic mosquitoes. Humans and horses are considered incidental, deadend hosts (1). Fever, rash, arthralgia, and myalgia develop in [...]

Published
2010
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17. Fatal human infection with rabies-related Duvenhage virus, South Africa

Author

Paweska, Janusz T., Blumberg, Lucille H., Liebenberg, Charl, Hewlett, Richard H., Grobbelaar, Antoinette A., Leman, Patricia A., Croft, Janice E., Nel, Louis H., Nutt, Louise, and Swanepoel, Robert

Subjects
Bats -- Research, Bats -- Health aspects, Rabies -- Research, Rabies -- Health aspects
Abstract

Duvenhage virus was isolated from a patient who died of a rabieslike disease after being scratched by a bat early in 2006. This occurred [approximately equal to] 80 km from [...]

Published
2006

19. Emergence of rabies in the Gauteng Province, South Africa: 2010–2011

Author

Sabeta, Claude T., primary, Weyer, Jacqueline, additional, Geertsma, Peter, additional, Mohale, Debra, additional, Miyen, Jacobeth, additional, Blumberg, Lucille H., additional, Leman, Patricia A., additional, Phahladira, Baby, additional, Shumba, Wonderful, additional, Walters, Johan, additional, and Paweska, Janusz T., additional

Published
2013
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20. Low seroprevalence of IgG antibodies to Ebola virus in an epidemic zone: Ogooué-Ivindo region, northeastern Gabon, 1997

Author

UCL - (SLuc) Autre, Heffernan, Richard T., Pambo, Bertin, Hatchett, Richard J., Leman, Patricia A., Swanepoel, Robert, Ryder, Robert W., UCL - (SLuc) Autre, Heffernan, Richard T., Pambo, Bertin, Hatchett, Richard J., Leman, Patricia A., Swanepoel, Robert, and Ryder, Robert W.

Abstract

A population-based serosurvey was performed to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies to Ebola virus (EBO) in a region that has experienced multiple epidemics of EBO hemorrhagic fever. Of 2533 residents in 8 villages, serum samples from 979 (38.6%) were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM antibodies to Ebola-Zaire (EBO-Z) virus. Fourteen samples (1.4%) were found positive for IgG antibodies, and 4 of these (.4%) were samples from survivors of an epidemic of EBO hemorrhagic fever. Seroprevalence based on the remaining 10 IgG-seropositive individuals with no history of exposure to EBO was 1.0% (exact binomial 95% confidence interval, 0.5%-1.9%). No serum samples were found positive for IgM antibodies to EBO-Z virus. The low seroprevalence suggests that, outside of recognized outbreaks, human exposure to EBO in this epidemic zone is rare. © 2005 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved.

Published
2005

23. Low-Density Macroarray for Rapid Detection and Identification of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus

Author

Wölfel, Roman, primary, Paweska, Janusz T., additional, Petersen, Nadine, additional, Grobbelaar, Antoinette A., additional, Leman, Patricia A., additional, Hewson, Roger, additional, Georges-Courbot, Marie-Claude, additional, Papa, Anna, additional, Heiser, Volker, additional, Panning, Marcus, additional, Günther, Stephan, additional, and Drosten, Christian, additional

Published
2009
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26. Low-Density Macroarray for Rapid Detection and Identification of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus

Author

Wo¨lfel, Roman, Paweska, Janusz T., Petersen, Nadine, Grobbelaar, Antoinette A., Leman, Patricia A., Hewson, Roger, Georges-Courbot, Marie-Claude, Papa, Anna, Heiser, Volker, Panning, Marcus, Gu¨nther, Stephan, and Drosten, Christian

Abstract

ABSTRACTCrimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne viral zoonosis which occurs throughout Africa, Eastern Europe, and Asia and results in an approximately 30% fatality rate. A reverse transcription-PCR assay including a competitive internal control was developed on the basis of the most up-to-date genome information. Biotinylated amplification products were hybridized to DNA macroarrays on the surfaces of polymer supports, and hybridization events were visualized by incubation with a streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate and the formation of a visible substrate precipitate. Optimal assay conditions for the detection of as few as 6.3 genome copies per reaction were established. Eighteen geographically and historically diverse CCHF virus strains representing all clinically relevant isolates were detected. The feasibility of the assay for clinical diagnosis was validated with acute-phase patient samples from South Africa, Iran, and Pakistan. The assay provides a specific, sensitive, and rapid method for CCHF virus detection without requiring sophisticated equipment. It has usefulness for the clinical diagnosis and surveillance of CCHF infections under limited laboratory conditions in developing countries or in field situations.

Published
2009
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27. Human cases of Wesselsbron disease, South Africa 2010-2011.

Author

Weyer J, Thomas J, Leman PA, Grobbelaar AA, Kemp A, and Paweska JT

Subjects
Adult, Animals, Animals, Suckling, Base Sequence, Cattle, DNA, Viral chemistry, DNA, Viral genetics, Flavivirus genetics, Flavivirus Infections epidemiology, Flavivirus Infections virology, Goats, Humans, Male, Mice, Middle Aged, Molecular Sequence Data, Phylogeny, Rift Valley Fever epidemiology, Rift Valley Fever virology, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Sheep, South Africa epidemiology, Zimbabwe epidemiology, Flavivirus isolation & purification, Flavivirus Infections diagnosis, Viral Nonstructural Proteins genetics
Abstract

Wesselsbron disease is a neglected, mosquito-borne zoonotic infection reported from Africa. The disease primarily affects sheep and other ruminants with incidental spillover to humans. As for other arboviral diseases in Africa, little or no active surveillance is conducted, and the public and veterinary health burden of this disease remains unclear. We report on the clinical histories of 2 human cases of Wesselsbron disease that were laboratory confirmed during the 2010-2011 Rift Valley fever outbreak investigation in South Africa. This report describes the first confirmed human cases of Wesselsbron disease since 1996. Molecular sequencing and analysis of the partial NS5 gene of the Wesselsbron genome was used to identify 2 circulating clades of the virus in southern Africa. Clade I included isolates collected from South Africa and Zimbabwe, whereas clade II only included isolates from the KwaZulu Natal Province of South Africa.

Published
2013
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