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Abstract The failure of coal mine overburden is mainly caused by fractures under bending loads. The energy evolution characteristics of coal and rock fractures are closely related to coal mine disasters such as rock burst. To obtain the characteristics of energy release and accumulation of coal and rock under bending load, three‐point bending tests of coal, mudstone, and sandstone were carried out respectively. The strength characteristics and fracture propagation process of coal and rock under bending load were studied. The strain energy evolution rules of coal and rock were calculated and obtained. The fracture mechanism of coal and rock was discussed by analyzing the critical strain energy release rate. The results show that the fracture complexity of sandstone and mudstone is greater than that of coal. The microstructure and its directivity in coal and rock indirectly affect their fracture characteristics through the elastic modulus characteristics. The distribution of parameters such as peak load of fracture, fracture energy, and crack length of coal and mudstone samples is discrete, while that of sandstone samples is concentrated. The deformation energy density of coal and rock basically shows a linear increase trend at the prepeak stage. The deformation energy density evolution characteristics at the postpeak stage are mainly affected by the load drop. It is important to establish the internal relationship between the meso structural characteristics and macro mechanical properties for solving engineering problems.

The ultra-fine grain Ti–6Al–4V alloy sheet was successfully achieved by friction stir processing (FSP). The low-temperature superplastic deformation mechanism of Ti–6Al–4V alloy under the strain rate of 3 × 10−4 s−1 at 600 °C was studied by scanning electron microscope, electron backscatter diffraction and superplastic tensile test. It is found that the grain size of Ti–6Al–4V alloy by FSP is refined from 7.48 μm to 0.82 μm, and there is no preferential crystallographic orientation of the uniform grain. After FSP, the β phase of the base material (BM) in the grain boundary is refined and homogenized. During the superplastic tensile processing, with the increase of strain, the grain is refined continuously, and the α→β phase transition is induced by the dislocations pile-up at the β grain boundary, and the content of β phase increases. The grain near the fracture was refined to 0.35 μm, and the stress concentration led to the formation of cavities near the β phase, which eventually caused the fracture. The dynamic recrystallization in superplastic tensile processing is mainly geometric dynamic recrystallization and discontinuous dynamic recrystallization. The elongation of superplastic tensile (1033%) is 19.7 times higher than that of BM (50%). The order of superplastic deformation mechanism in the low-temperature superplastic deformation of the ultra-fine grain Ti–6Al–4V alloy sheet is as follows: intragranular dislocation slip and diffusion, grain boundary sliding, and phase boundary sliding. Phase boundary sliding is the main deformation mechanism for low-temperature superplastic deformation.

Abstract Background An isokinetic moment curve (IMC) pattern-damaged structure prediction model may be of considerable value in assisting the diagnosis of knee injuries in clinical scenarios. This study aimed to explore the association between irregular IMC patterns and specific structural damages in the knee, including anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture, meniscus (MS) injury, and patellofemoral joint (PFJ) lesions, and to develop an IMC pattern-damaged structure prediction model. Methods A total of 94 subjects were enrolled in this study and underwent isokinetic testing of the knee joint (5 consecutive flexion-extension movements within the range of motion of 90°-10°, 60°/s). Qualitative analysis of the IMCs for all subjects was completed by two blinded examiners. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to investigate whether a specific abnormal curve pattern was associated with specific knee structural injuries and to test the predictive effectiveness of IMC patterns for specific structural damage in the knee. Results The results of the multinomial logistic regression revealed a significant association between the irregular IMC patterns of the knee extensors and specific structural damages (“Valley” - ACL, PFJ, and ACL + MS, “Drop” - ACL, and ACL + MS, “Shaking” - ACL, MS, PFJ, and ACL + MS). The accuracy and Macro-averaged F1 score of the predicting model were 56.1% and 0.426, respectively. Conclusion The associations between irregular IMC patterns and specific knee structural injuries were identified. However, the accuracy and Macro-averaged F1 score of the established predictive model indicated its relatively low predictive efficacy. For the development of a more accurate predictive model, it may be essential to incorporate angle-specific and/or speed-specific analyses of qualitative and quantitative data in isokinetic testing. Furthermore, the utilization of artificial intelligence image recognition technology may prove beneficial for analyzing large datasets in the future.

Abstract Using (27.12 ± 0.14) × 108 ψ(3686) events collected by the BESIII detector at the center-of-mass energy of s $$ \sqrt{s} $$ = 3.686 GeV, we search for the first time for two nonleptonic hyperon decays that change strangeness by two units, Ω − → Σ0 π − and Ω − → nK − . No significant signal is observed. The upper limits on their decay branching fractions are determined to be B $$ \mathcal{B} $$ (Ω − → Σ0 π − ) < 5.4 × 10 −4 and B $$ \mathcal{B} $$ (Ω − → nK − ) < 2.4 × 10 −4 at the 90% confidence level.

Abstract Background This study explored the optimal time interval between staged bilateral total knee arthroplasty (BTKA) to minimize early complications of the second TKA and maximise the long-term function of the first and second knees. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 266 patients who underwent staged BTKA between 2013 and 2018. Groups 1–4 had time intervals between BTKAs of 1–6, 6–12, 12–18, and 18–24 months, respectively. Demographics, postoperative complications within 90 days of the second TKA, Knee Society Score (KSS), and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) score were compared among the groups. Results In total, 54, 96, 75, and 41 patients were assigned to groups 1–4, respectively. Although group 1 had the highest overall complication rate (11.11%), there was no significant difference in the complication rate among the four groups. Also, no significant differences were found among the four groups in functional and patient-reported outcomes, in either the first or second knee at 5 years postoperatively, including KSS-knee, KSS-function, WOMAC-pain, WOMAC-stiffness, and WOMAC-physical function. The interval between BTKA did not influence complications or the function of the second knee. The TKA type (posterior-stabilised vs. medial-pivot) and age did not correlate significantly with any scores. Conclusions There was no group difference in early complications of the second TKA, and postoperative function was equivalent between the two knees and did not vary by the interval between surgeries. The results of this study give surgeons and patients more choices. If patients cannot tolerate severe symptoms in the contralateral knee after the first TKA, the second TKA should be performed as early as possible. If knee joint function is not well recovered after the first TKA, and patients are anxious to undergo the second TKA, surgeons can advise patients to postpone the operation based on these results.

Abstract The extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factor AlgU is involved in the regulation of various virulence-related pathways in Pseudomonas syringae, especially alginate biosynthesis and motility, and the role of AlgU differs among P. syringae pathovars. However, to date, the mechanism of its regulation in virulence of P. syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) is still unclear. ECF sigma factors are a class of alternative sigma factors that typically function with anti-sigma factors as part of cell-surface signaling systems. Under non-inducing conditions, AlgU remains inhibited by anti-sigma factors such as MucA and MucB. To investigate the function of AlgU in Psa, mutant strains lacking algU or lacking algU with mucA and mucB genes, as well as complementary and overexpression strains of algU were generated, respectively. The results showed that AlgU was highly conserved among P. syringae pathovars and positively regulated growth rate, pathogenicity, and resistance to osmotic and oxidative stress of Psa QSY6. While AlgU did not affect the motility and exopolysaccharide production of Psa, its abundant expression enhanced the swimming ability of QSY6 and reduced its production of extracellular polysaccharides. Furthermore, AlgU regulates a number of virulence-related factors, including the Hrp system, the type VI secretion system, and flagellar synthesis. Specifically, AlgU induced the expression of hrpL and hrpRS in vivo, and repressed the transcription of hrpL and tssC in vitro, while promoting the expression of hrpS, fliC, and tssJ. This study contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms of virulence regulation of AlgU in Psa.

Abstract The brain presents age-related structural and functional changes in the human life, with different extends between subjects and groups. Brain age prediction can be used to evaluate the development and aging of human brain, as well as providing valuable information for neurodevelopment and disease diagnosis. Many contributions have been made for this purpose, resorting to different machine learning methods. To solve this task and reduce memory resource consumption, we develop a mini architecture of only 10 layers by modifying the deep residual neural network (ResNet), named ResNet mini architecture. To support the ResNet mini architecture in brain age prediction, the brain age dataset (OpenNeuro #ds000228) that consists of 155 study participants (three classes) and the Alzheimer MRI preprocessed dataset that consists of 6400 images (four classes) are employed. We compared the performance of the ResNet mini architecture with other popular networks using the two considered datasets. Experimental results show that the proposed architecture exhibits generality and robustness with high accuracy and less parameter number.

Abstract Larch, a prominent afforestation, and timber species in northeastern China, faces growth limitations due to drought. To further investigate the mechanism of larch’s drought resistance, we conducted full-length sequencing on embryonic callus subjected to PEG-simulated drought stress. The sequencing results revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) primarily played roles in cellular activities and cell components, with molecular functions such as binding, catalytic activity, and transport activity. Furthermore, the DEGs showed significant enrichment in pathways related to protein processing, starch and sucrose metabolism, benzose-glucuronic acid interconversion, phenylpropyl biology, flavonoid biosynthesis, as well as nitrogen metabolism and alanine, aspartic acid, and glutamic acid metabolism. Consequently, the transcription factor T_transcript_77027, which is involved in multiple pathways, was selected as a candidate gene for subsequent drought stress resistance tests. Under PEG-simulated drought stress, the LoMYB8 gene was induced and showed significantly upregulated expression compared to the control. Physiological indices demonstrated an improved drought resistance in the transgenic plants. After 48 h of PEG stress, the transcriptome sequencing results of the transiently transformed LoMYB8 plants and control plants exhibited that genes were significantly enriched in biological process, cellular component and molecular function. Function analyses indicated for the enrichment of multiple KEGG pathways, including energy synthesis, metabolic pathways, antioxidant pathways, and other relevant processes. The pathways annotated by the differential metabolites mainly encompassed signal transduction, carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and flavonoid metabolism.

Abstract Background A new classification system for acetabular fractures has been proposed in recent years, which is called the 3-column classification. However, this system does not provide information regarding quadrilateral plate fractures. To address this issue, we utilized three-dimensional (3D) fracture line mapping and heat map to analyze the link between the 3-column classification and quadrilateral plate fractures. Methods We collected CT scan data from 177 patients who had been diagnosed with acetabular fractures. Additionally, we utilized a CT scan of a healthy adult to generate a standard acetabular model. We utilized the collected CT data of the fracture to create a 3D model and subsequently reduced it. We then matched each acetabular fracture model with the standard acetabular model and mapped all of the fracture lines to the standard model. 3D fracture lines and heat maps were created by overlapping all fracture lines. Fracture characteristics were then summarized using these maps. Results This study analyzed a total of 221 acetabular fractures. The most frequently observed fracture type, based on the three-column classification, was A1.2, which corresponds to fractures of the anterior column. In contrast, the least common type of fracture was A4, which represents fractures of the central wall. It was noted that quadrilateral plate fractures were frequently observed in fractures classified as type B and C according to the three-column classification. Conclusions Among the three-column classification, the QLP fractures are commonly observed in type B and C. It is important to carefully identify these fractures during the diagnostic process. Therefore, based on the three-column classification, we have amalgamated quadrilateral plate fractures and formulated a classification program for acetabular fractures.

Abstract Basal progenitor cells are crucial for maintaining foregut (the esophagus and forestomach) homeostasis. When their function is dysregulated, it can promote inflammation and tumorigenesis. However, the mechanisms underlying these processes remain largely unclear. Here, we employ genetic mouse models to reveal that Jag1/2 regulate esophageal homeostasis and foregut tumorigenesis by modulating the function of basal progenitor cells. Deletion of Jag1/2 in mice disrupts esophageal and forestomach epithelial homeostasis. Mechanistically, Jag1/2 deficiency impairs activation of Notch signaling, leading to reduced squamous epithelial differentiation and expansion of basal progenitor cells. Moreover, Jag1/2 deficiency exacerbates the deoxycholic acid (DCA)-induced squamous epithelial injury and accelerates the initiation of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the forestomach. Importantly, expression levels of JAG1/2 are lower in the early stages of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) carcinogenesis. Collectively, our study demonstrates that Jag1/2 are important for maintaining esophageal and forestomach homeostasis and the onset of foregut SCC.

Abstract Immune checkpoint inhibition targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway has become a powerful clinical strategy for treating cancer, but its efficacy is complicated by various resistance mechanisms. One of the reasons for the resistance is the internalization and recycling of PD-L1 itself upon antibody binding. The inhibition of lysosome-mediated degradation of PD-L1 is critical for preserving the amount of PD-L1 recycling back to the cell membrane. In this study, we find that Hsc70 promotes PD-L1 degradation through the endosome-lysosome pathway and reduces PD-L1 recycling to the cell membrane. This effect is dependent on Hsc70-PD-L1 binding which inhibits the CMTM6-PD-L1 interaction. We further identify an Hsp90α/β inhibitor, AUY-922, which induces Hsc70 expression and PD-L1 lysosomal degradation. Either Hsc70 overexpression or AUY-922 treatment can reduce PD-L1 expression, inhibit tumor growth and promote anti-tumor immunity in female mice; AUY-922 can further enhance the anti-tumor efficacy of anti-PD-L1 and anti-CTLA4 treatment. Our study elucidates a molecular mechanism of Hsc70-mediated PD-L1 lysosomal degradation and provides a target and therapeutic strategies for tumor immunotherapy.

Abstract The corticospinal tract (CST) is the principal neural pathway responsible for conducting voluntary movement in the vertebrate nervous system. Netrin-1 is a well-known guidance molecule for midline crossing of commissural axons during embryonic development. Families with inherited Netrin-1 mutations display congenital mirror movements (CMM), which are associated with malformations of pyramidal decussation in most cases. Here, we investigated the role of Netrin-1 in CST formation by generating conditional knockout (CKO) mice using a Gfap-driven Cre line. A large proportion of CST axons spread laterally in the ventral medulla oblongata, failed to decussate and descended in the ipsilateral spinal white matter of Ntn1Gfap CKO mice. Netrin-1 mRNA was expressed in the ventral ventricular zone (VZ) and midline, while Netrin-1 protein was transported by radial glial cells to the ventral medulla, through which CST axons pass. The level of transported Netrin-1 protein was significantly reduced in Ntn1Gfap CKO mice. In addition, Ntn1Gfap CKO mice displayed increased symmetric movements. Our findings indicate that VZ-derived Netrin-1 deletion leads to an abnormal trajectory of the CST in the spinal cord due to the failure of CST midline crossing and provides novel evidence supporting the idea that the Netrin-1 signalling pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of CMM.

Mornaphthoate E (MPE) is a prenylated naphthoic acid methyl ester isolated from the roots of a famous Chinese medicinal plant Morinda officinalis and shows remarkable cytotoxicity against several human tumor cell lines. In the current project, the first total synthesis of (±)-MPE was achieved in seven steps and 5.6% overall yield. Then the in vitro anti-tumor activity of MPE was first assessed for both enantiomers in two breast cancer cells, with the levoisomer exerting slightly better potency. The in vivo anti-tumor effect was further verified by applying the racemate in an orthotopic autograft mouse model. Notably, MPE exerted promising anti-metastasis activity both in vitro and in vivo and showed no obvious toxicity on mice at the therapeutic dosage. Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that MPE acted as a tubulin polymerization stabilizer and disturbed the dynamic equilibrium of microtubules via regulating PI3K/Akt signaling. In conclusion, our work has provided a new chemical template for the future design and development of next-generation tubulin-targeting chemotherapies.

Abstract Using 24.1 fb −1 of e + e − collision data collected with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, the Born cross sections and effective form factors of the e + e − → Σ + Σ ¯ − $$ {e}^{+}{e}^{-}\to {\Sigma}^{+}{\overline{\Sigma}}^{-} $$ reaction are measured. The measurements are performed at center-of-mass energies ranging from 3.510 to 4.951 GeV. No significant evidence for the decay of the charmonium(-like) states, ψ(3770), ψ(4040), ψ(4160), Y(4230), Y(4360), ψ(4415), and Y(4660), into a Σ + Σ ¯ − $$ {\Sigma}^{+}{\overline{\Sigma}}^{-} $$ final state is observed. Consequently, upper limits for the products of the branching fractions and the electronic partial widths at the 90% confidence level are reported for these decays.

Abstract Background Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) is an important bacterial plant pathogen that causes severe damage to the kiwifruit industry worldwide. Three Psa strains were recently obtained from different kiwifruit orchards in Anhui Province, China. The present study mainly focused on the variations in virulence and genome characteristics of these strains based on the pathogenicity assays and comparative genomic analyses. Results Three strains were identified as biovar 3 (Psa3), along with strain QSY6 showing higher virulence than JZY2 and YXH1 in pathogenicity assays. The whole genome assembly revealed that each of the three strains had a circular chromosome and a complete plasmid. The chromosome sizes ranged from 6.5 to 6.6 Mb with a GC content of approximately 58.39 to 58.46%, and a predicted number of protein-coding sequences ranging from 5,884 to 6,019. The three strains clustered tightly with 8 Psa3 reference strains in terms of average nucleotide identity (ANI), whole-genome-based phylogenetic analysis, and pangenome analysis, while they were evolutionarily distinct from other biovars (Psa1 and Psa5). Variations were observed in the repertoire of effectors of the type III secretion system among all 15 strains. Moreover, synteny analysis of the three sequenced strains revealed eight genomic regions containing 308 genes exclusively present in the highly virulent strain QSY6. Further investigation of these genes showed that 16 virulence-related genes highlight several key factors, such as effector delivery systems (type III secretion systems) and adherence (type IV pilus), which might be crucial for the virulence of QSY6. Conclusion Three Psa strains were identified and showed variant virulence in kiwifruit plant. Complete genome sequences and comparative genomic analyses further provided a theoretical basis for the potential pathogenic factors responsible for kiwifruit bacterial canker.

Abstract Self-powered skin attachable and detachable electronics are under intense development to enable the internet of everything and everyone in new and useful ways. Existing on-demand separation strategies rely on complicated pretreatments and physical properties of the adherends, achieving detachable-on-demand in a facile, rapid, and universal way remains challenging. To overcome this challenge, an ingenious cellulose nanofiber-mediated manifold dynamic synergy strategy is developed to construct a supramolecular hydrogel with both reversible tough adhesion and easy photodetachment. The cellulose nanofiber-reinforced network and the coordination between Fe ions and polymer chains endow the dynamic reconfiguration of supramolecular networks and the adhesion behavior of the hydrogel. This strategy enables the simple and rapid fabrication of strong yet reversible hydrogels with tunable toughness ((Value max -Value min )/Value max of up to 86%), on-demand adhesion energy ((Value max -Value min )/Value max of up to 93%), and stable conductivity up to 12 mS cm−1. We further extend this strategy to fabricate different cellulose nanofiber/Fe3+-based hydrogels from various biomacromolecules and petroleum polymers, and shed light on exploration of fundamental dynamic supramolecular network reconfiguration. Simultaneously, we prepare an adhesive-detachable triboelectric nanogenerator as a human-machine interface for a self-powered wireless monitoring system based on this strategy, which can acquire the real-time, self-powered monitoring, and wireless whole-body movement signal, opening up possibilities for diversifying potential applications in electronic skins and intelligent devices.

Abstract The powerful capability of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) in tailoring electromagnetic waves and fields has put them under the spotlight in wireless communications. However, the current designs are criticized due to their poor frequency selectivity, which hinders their applications in real-world scenarios where the spectrum is becoming increasingly congested. Here we propose a filtering RIS to feature sharp frequency-selecting and 2-bit phase-shifting properties. It permits the signals in a narrow bandwidth to transmit but rejects the out-of-band ones; meanwhile, the phase of the transmitted signals can be digitally controlled, enabling flexible manipulations of signal propagations. A prototype is designed, fabricated, and measured, and its high quality factor and phase-shifting characteristics are validated by scattering parameters and beam-steering phenomena. Further, we conduct a wireless communication experiment to illustrate the intriguing functions of the RIS. The filtering behavior enables the RIS to perform wireless signal manipulations with anti-interference ability, thus showing big potential to advance the development of next-generation wireless communications.

Demands for smart textiles have recently increased quickly in terms of functionality and responsiveness to wearers and environmental changes. This paper explores the development of hydrothermal responsive shape memory woven fabric from Microcrystalline Cellulose Reinforced Shape Memory Polyurethane Microcomposite Filament. The concentration of microcrystalline cellulose and drawing ratio of the filaments were first optimized according to the tensile strength and shape recovery ratio and taken as 15 wt% and 2.0 respectively. Hydrothermal responsive shape memory micro-composite filaments were then produced from shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) with optimized concentration and draw ratio by wet spinning process. The physical, mechanical, thermal and shape memory performances of the filaments were studied. The optimized filament was found to have a tensile strength of 0.91 cN/dtex and elongation of 385.2% in which the strength is much more improved when compared to a pure SMPU filament of strength 0.72 cN/dtex. The shape fixity and shape recovery results of the micro-composite filament were found to be 71.2% and 93.6% respectively. A woven fabric was manufactured from pure polyester, cotton as warp and SMPU-MCC filaments as weft and its breathability and shape memory properties were investigated. The air permeability of SMPU-PE fabrics was found to be 172.9 mm/s and 155.1 mm/s in its fixed temporary shape and recovered shape respectively. The water vapour permeability of SMPU-CT fabric was found to be 612.01 g/m2.h and 540.28 g/m2.h in its fixed temporary and recovered shape respectively which shows smart breathable fabrics can be made and adopted with enhanced properties.

Abstract A dual‐motor servo mechanism is a high‐order and strong‐coupling system with unknown nonlinearity, which brings challenges to controller design to realize high‐performance tracking and synchronization. This article proposes a finite‐time command filtered control strategy to address this problem. In tracking control design, finite‐time command filters are adopted to obtain the derivatives of virtual controllers, and the “explosion of complexity” problem in backstepping is thus solved. An improved compensation system is designed to reduce filtering errors. The tracking control is developed based on the combination of finite‐time control and command filtered approach. Moreover, to deal with unknown nonlinearities and uncertainties, fast finite‐time extended state observers are developed to observe lumped disturbances for the load and motor, respectively. In synchronization control design, two opposite control actions are developed using the speed difference to force two motors to rotate synchronously. The finite‐time convergence of the tracking and synchronization errors is proved. The efficiency of the proposed control strategy is verified via experiments conducted on a dual‐motor servo turntable.

Objective The talus is an important component in the ankle, and its treatment after injury is crucial. However, complications and adverse events due to incomplete traditional classifications may still occur, and these classifications fail to analyze the patterns and distribution of fractures from a three‐dimensional perspective. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to analyze the location and distribution of fracture lines in different types of talus fractures using three‐dimensional (3D) and heat mapping techniques. Additionally, we aimed to determine the surface area of the talus that can be utilized for different approaches of internal fixation, aiding in the planning of surgical procedures. Methods We retrospectively analyzed data from CT scans from 126 patients diagnosed with talus fractures at our two hospitals. We extracted the CT data of a healthy adult and created a standard talus model. We performed 3D reconstruction using patients' CT images and superimposed the fracture model onto the standard model for drawing fracture lines. Subsequently, we converted the fracture lines into a heat map for visualization. Additionally, we measured 20 specimens to determine the boundary for various ligaments attached to the talus. We determined the surface area of the talus available for different surgical approaches by integrating the boundary data with previously reported data on area of exposure. Results Without considering the displacement distance of the fracture, fracture types were classified as follows, by combining Hawkins and Sneppen classifications: talar neck, 41.3%; posterior talar tubercle, 22.2%; body for the talus and comminuted, 17.5%; lateral talar tubercle, 11.9%; and talar head, 7.1%. We established fracture line and heat maps using this classification. Additionally, we demonstrated the available area for anteromedial, anterolateral, posteromedial, posterolateral, and medial malleolus osteotomy and Chaput osteotomy approaches. Conclusion Fracture line and heat map analyses can aid surgeons in planning a single or combined surgical approach for the reduction and internal fixation of talus fractures. Demonstrating the different surgical approaches can help surgeons choose the most effective technique for individual cases.

Background Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is an effective treatment for hematopoietic malignancies. Malnutrition is a common complication and negatively affects prognosis. Muscle mass has been shown to reflect the nutritional status of patients earlier than blood biochemical parameters such as albumin. However, the influence of pre-transplantation skeletal muscle mass (SMM) on the complications associated with early transplantation remains unclear. Objective To investigate the effect of pre-transplant SMM on the early outcomes of allo-HSCT, provide a clinical basis for nutritional interventions and prognosis improvement. Methods A study was conducted with 77 leukemia patients who underwent allo-HSCT at the Medical Center of Hematology, Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University from January to October 2022. Bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to assess skeletal muscle mass. The patients were divided into the normal SMM group of 36 cases and low SMM group of 41 cases according to their SMM. Baseline data, including personal and clinical details, were collected. Early post-transplant complications (within 30 days post-transplant) such as oral mucositis, gastrointestinal symptoms, infection and hematopoietic reconstitution time between the two groups were compared using SPSS 23.0 software. Results There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain/gastritis incidence between the normal and low SMM groups (P>0.05). The incidence of oral mucositis, hypoalbuminemia, overt gastrointestinal bleeding, and infection was lower in the normal SMM group than in the low SMM group (P

In this paper, the microstructure and mechanical properties of SLM-GH3230 superalloy treated by different post treatments (single hot isostatic pressing and heat treatments after hot isostatic pressing) were studied. The micro-morphologies show that the grains along building direction after HIP + HT are mainly columnar grains, which is consistent to that after single HIP. The granular precipitates distribute intergranularly and intragranularly after HIP, but gradually re-dissolve into matrix with the increase of the temperature of the post HT processes. XRD and EDS analyses results indicate that the matrix mainly consists of austenitic γ phase and the granular precipitates are mainly M6C carbides enriched in W element. The average grain size decreases after HT compared to that after HIP, and the crystallographic orientation of grains tends to be more uniform. The Vickers hardness decreases after HIP and HIP + HT processes within a certain degree. According to tensile test results, the sample shows a better combination of strength and plastic performance under HIP+1250 °C/30 min processing, which can also be verified by the characteristic of the fracture morphology with more tearing dimples.