888 results on '"Lehnen, M."'
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2. Plasmoid drift and first wall heat deposition during ITER H-mode dual-SPIs in JOREK simulations
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Hu, D., Artola, F. J., Nardon, E., Lehnen, M., Kong, M., Bonfiglio, D., Hoelzl, M., Huijsmans, G. T. A., and Team, JOREK
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Physics - Plasma Physics - Abstract
The heat flux mitigation during the Thermal Quench (TQ) by the Shattered Pellet Injection (SPI) is one of the major elements of disruption mitigation strategy for ITER. It's efficiency greatly depends on the SPI and the target plasma, and is ultimately checked by the heat deposition on to the PFCs. To investigate this, JOREK simulations of neon-mixed dual-SPIs into ITER baseline H-mode and a "degraded H-mode" with and without good injector synchronization are performed with focus on the first wall heat flux and its energy impact. It is found that low neon fraction SPIs into the baseline H-mode plasmas exhibit strong major radial plasmoid drift as the fragments arrive at the pedestal, accompanied by edge stochasticity. Significant density expulsion and outgoing heat flux occurs as a result, reducing the mitigation efficiency. Such drift motion could be mitigated by injecting higher neon fraction pellets', or by considering the pre-disruption confinement degradation, thus improving the radiation fraction. The radiation heat flux is found to peak in the vicinity of the fragment injection location in the early injection phase, while it relaxes later on due to parallel impurity transport. The overall radiation asymmetry could be significantly mitigated by good synchronization. Time integration of the local heat flux is carried out to provide its energy impact for wall heat damage assessment. For the baseline H-mode case with full pellet injection, melting of the stainless steel of the diagnostic port could occur near the injection port, which is acceptable, without any melting of the first wall tungsten tiles. For the degraded H-mode cases with quarter-pellet SPIs, which have 1/4 total volume of a full pellet, the maximum energy impact approaches the tolerable limit of the stainless steel with un-synchronized SPIs, and stays well below such limit for the perfectly synchronized ones.
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- 2024
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3. Recipes for pellet generation and launching in the ASDEX Upgrade SPI
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Heinrich, P., Papp, G., de Marné, P., Dibon, M., Jachmich, S., Lehnen, M., Peherstorfer, T., and Vinyar, I.
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- 2024
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4. Complete 3D MHD simulations of the current quench phase of ITER mitigated disruptions
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Artola, F. J., Loarte, A., Hoelzl, M., Lehnen, M., Schwarz, N., and team, the JOREK
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Physics - Plasma Physics - Abstract
Complete 3D simulations of the current quench phase of ITER disruptions are key to predict asymmetric forces acting into the ITER wall. We present for the first time such simulations for ITER mitigated disruptions at realistic Lundquist numbers. For these strongly mitigated disruptions, we find that the edge safety factor remains above 2 and the maximal integral horizontal forces remain below 1 MN. The maximal integral vertical force is found to be 13 MN and arises in a time scale given by the resistive wall time as expected from theoretical considerations. In this respect, the vertical force arises after the plasma current has completely decayed, showing the importance of continuing the simulations also in the absence of plasma current. We conclude that the horizontal wall force rotation is not a concern for these strongly mitigated disruptions in ITER, since when the wall forces form, there are no remaining sources of rotation., Comment: to be submitted to Nuclear Fusion
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- 2021
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5. Acceleration of cryogenic pellets for Shattered Pellet Injection
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Kovács, Á., Zoletnik, S., Réfy, D., Papp, G., Hegedűs, S., Szepesi, T., Walcz, E., Jachmich, S., Lehnen, M., Kruezi, U., Dibon, M., de Marné, P., Heinrich, P., and Peherstorfer, T.
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- 2024
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6. Collisional-radiative non-equilibrium impurity treatment for JOREK simulations
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Hu, D., Huijsmans, G. T. A., Nardon, E., Hoelzl, M., Lehnen, M., Bonfiglio, D., and Team, JOREK
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Physics - Plasma Physics - Abstract
A collisional-radiative non-equilibrium impurity treatment for JOREK 3D nonlinear magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) simulations has been developed. The impurities are represented by super-particles flowing along the fluid velocity field lines, while ionizing and recombining independently according to ADAS data and local fluid density and temperature. The non-equilibrium impurity contributions are then projected back to the fluid field for self-consistent time evolution. A 2D test case is used to compare the new non-equilibrium impurity model against previous Coronal Equilibrium (CE) impurity treatment, as well as to compare the non-equilibrium impurity behavior between the single and the two temperature model. Further, we conduct benchmark with previously published coronal non-equilibrium results by other 3D nonlinear MHD codes such as M3D-C1 and NIMROD. The new non-equilibrium treatment is shown to successfully capture the early phase cooling by weakly ionized impurities which the CE model missed. The benchmarks with M3D-C1 and NIMROD show general agreement in both the integrated quantities and the 2D profile evolution, despite the difference in the atomic model used. The above comparison and benchmark cases demonstrate the capability of the non-equilibrium impurity model for JOREK, paving the way for more sophisticated 3D non-linear Massive Material Injection (MMI) simulations which have important applications in disruption mitigation studies., Comment: 31 pages, 19 figures
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- 2021
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7. Simulations of COMPASS Vertical Displacement Events with a self-consistent model for halo currents including neutrals and sheath boundary conditions
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Artola, F. J., Loarte, A., Matveeva, E., Havlicek, J., Markovic, T., Adamek, J., Cavalier, J., Kripner, L., Huijsmans, G. T. A., Lehnen, M., Hoelzl, M., Panek, R., team, COMPASS, and team, JOREK
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Physics - Plasma Physics - Abstract
The understanding of the halo current properties during disruptions is key to design and operate large scale tokamaks in view of the large thermal and electromagnetic loads that they entail. For the first time, we present a fully self-consistent model for halo current simulations including neutral particles and sheath boundary conditions. The model is used to simulate Vertical Displacement Events (VDEs) occurring in the COMPASS tokamak. Recent COMPASS experiments have shown that the parallel halo current density at the plasma-wall interface is limited by the ion saturation current during VDE-induced disruptions. We show that usual MHD boundary conditions can lead to the violation of this physical limit and we implement this current density limitation through a boundary condition for the electrostatic potential. Sheath boundary conditions for the density, the heat flux, the parallel velocity and a realistic parameter choice (e.g. Spitzer $\eta$ and Spitzer-H\"arm $\chi_\parallel$ values) extend present VDE simulations beyond the state of the art. Experimental measurements of the current density, temperature and heat flux profiles at the COMPASS divertor are compared with the results obtained from axisymmetric simulations. Since the ion saturation current density ($J_{sat}$) is shown to be essential to determine the halo current profile, parametric scans are performed to study its dependence on different quantities such as the plasma resistivity and the particle and heat diffusion coefficients. In this respect, the plasma resistivity in the halo region broadens significantly the $J_{sat}$ profile, increasing the halo width at a similar total halo current., Comment: Submitted to Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion via the special issue of the Joint Varenna-Lausanne international workshop (October 12-16, 2020)
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- 2021
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8. Radiation asymmetry and MHD destabilization during the thermal quench after impurity Shattered Pellet Injection
- Author
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Hu, D., Nardon, E., Hoelzl, M., Wieschollek, F., Lehnen, M., Huijsmans, G. T. A., van Vugt, D. C., Kim, S. -H., contributors, JET, and Team, JOREK
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Physics - Plasma Physics - Abstract
The radiation response and the MHD destabilization during the thermal quench after a mixed species Shattered Pellet Injection (SPI) with impurity species neon and argon are investigated via 3D non-linear MHD simulation using the JOREK code. Both the $n=0$ global current profile contraction and the local helical cooling at each rational surface caused by the pellet fragments are found to be responsible for MHD destabilization after the injection. Significant current driven mode growth is observed as the fragments cross low order rational surfaces, resulting in rapidly inward propagating stochastic magnetic field, ultimately causing the core temperature collapse. The Thermal Quench (TQ) is triggered as the fragments arrive on the $q=1$ or $q=2$ surface depending on the exact $q$ profile and thus mode structure. When injecting from a single toroidal location, strong radiation asymmetry is found before and during the TQ as a result of the unrelaxed impurity density profile along the field line and asymmetric outward heat flux. Such asymmetry gradually relaxes over the course of the TQ, and is entirely eliminated by the end of it. Simulation results indicate that the aforementioned asymmetric radiation behavior could be significantly mitigated by injection from toroidally opposite locations, provided that the time delay between the two injectors is shorter than $1ms$. It is also found that the MHD response are sensitive to the relative timing and injection configuration in these multiple injection cases., Comment: 35 pages, 21 figures
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- 2020
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9. On the use of error field correction coils in JET
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Piron, L., Baruzzo, M., Baylor, L, Challis, C D, Gryaznevich, M.P., Hender, T.C., Henriques, R.B., Hawkes, N., Jachmich, S., Joffrin, E., Lehnen, M., Lennholm, M., Liu, Y.Q., Mailloux, J., Moreira, L., and Valcarcel, D.
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- 2023
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10. Instability of molten beryllium layers during ITER thermal quenches
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Vignitchouk, L., Ratynskaia, S., Pitts, R.A., and Lehnen, M.
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- 2023
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11. Development of a Shattered Pellet Injector test bench for the ITER DMS support laboratory
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Walcz, E., Zoletnik, S., Mészáros, S., Vad, K., Hakl, J., Gárdonyi, G., Jachmich, S., Kruezi, U., and Lehnen, M.
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- 2023
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12. Shattered pellet technology development in the ITER DMS test laboratory
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Zoletnik, S., Walcz, E., Jachmich, S., Kruezi, U., Lehnen, M., Anda, G., Szabolics, T., Szepesi, T., Bartók, G., Cseh, G., Boros, Z., Dunai, D., Gárdonyi, G., Hakl, J., Hegedűs, S., Katona, I., Kovacs, A., Kocsis, G., Lengyel, M., Mészáros, S., Nagy, D., Oravecz, D., Poszovecz, L., Réfy, D., Vad, K., and Vécsei, M.
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- 2023
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13. Radiation distribution for shattered pellet injection experiment with AXUV array diagnostics in KSTAR
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Jang, Juhyeok, Kim, Jayhyun, Kim, Jaewook, Yoo, Jeongwon, Lehnen, M., Baylor, L.R., Eidietis, N.W., Shiraki, D., and Park, Soohwan
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- 2022
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14. Runaway electron fluid model extension in JOREK and ITER relevant benchmarks.
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Bandaru, V., Hoelzl, M., Artola, F. J., Vallhagen, O., and Lehnen, M.
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VERTICAL motion ,ELECTRON plasma ,MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS ,DEUTERIUM ,ELECTRONS - Abstract
We present details of recent extensions of the runaway electron (RE) fluid model implemented in the fusion magnetohydrodynamics code JOREK [M. Hoelzl et al., Nucl. Fusion 61, 065001 (2021)] to include the effects of partially ionized impurity species and deuterium neutrals. The model treats the interaction of runaway electrons with the background plasma via current-coupling. The code is separately benchmarked using ITER (https://www.iter.org/) relevant scenarios, with the GO [G. Papp et al., Nucl. Fusion 53, 123017 (2013)] code in relation to runaway electron beam formation and with the DINA [Khayrutdinov and Lukash, J. Comp. Phys. 109(2), 193–201 (1993)] code in relation to simultaneous runaway beam formation and vertical plasma motion. Benchmark results show a decent agreement in both the cases, which are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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15. Fast visible camera diagnostic for dual shattered pellet injections at KSTAR
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Yoo, J.W., Kim, J., Kim, M.K., Park, S.H., Park, B.H., Nam, Y.U., Kim, J.W., Wi, H., Lehnen, M., and Kim, W.C.
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- 2022
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16. TOKES simulations of mitigated disruption thermal quenches in ITER
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Pestchanyi, S., Lehnen, M., Pitts, R.A., and Saibene, G.
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- 2020
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17. Multi-device study of temporal characteristics of magnetohydrodynamic modes initiating disruptions
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Klevarová, V., Verdoolaege, G., Pautasso, G., de Vries, P.C., Sweeney, R., Markovic, T., Zohm, H., Komm, M., Havlicek, J., Snipes, J.A., and Lehnen, M.
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- 2020
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18. Implementation of low temperature spectrometers for the JET high resolution Thomson scattering diagnostic for disruption plasma measurements.
- Author
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Huang, Z., Kos, D., Maslov, M., Scannell, R., Clark, J., Ficker, O., Jachmich, S., Lehnen, M., Reux, C., and Sheikh, U.
- Abstract
This work presents a system upgrade of the High Resolution Thomson Scattering (HRTS) diagnostic [Pasqualotto et al., Rev. Sci. Instrum. 75, 3891–3893 (2004)] on JET that allows it to measure low temperature (1–500 eV) plasma pre- and post-Thermal quench (TQ), which would help us further understand the Shattered Pellet Injection (SPI) physics. The upgrade was done by connecting optic fibers from the original HRTS system to four spectrometers specialized in measuring low temperature plasmas. The upgraded system allows for the measurement of low temperature plasma at up to 12 spatial points, which can be flexibly distributed throughout the JET outer midplane profile during the dedicated SPI experiments. In other JET experiments, four previously unused groups of fibers were used to measure the central plasma to provide disruption data without changing the standard HRTS system. The low temperature Thomson scattering system was installed, commissioned, and cross-calibrated against the standard HRTS diagnostic in a calibration pulse. The system worked reliably during the JET experiments and provided electron density and temperature profiles for pre- and post-TQ low temperature plasmas in the SPI campaign. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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19. Modifications to the JET Shattered Pellet Injector to Optimize Disruption Mitigation Experiments for Supporting ITER’s DMS Design
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Gebhart, T. E., primary, Meitner, S. J., additional, Baylor, L. R., additional, Herfindal, J. L., additional, Jachmich, S., additional, Lehnen, M., additional, Kruezi, U., additional, Wilson, J., additional, Craven, D., additional, and Peacock, A., additional
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- 2024
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20. Density and temperature profiles after low-Z and high-Z shattered pellet injections on DIII-D
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Lvovskiy, A., primary, Matsuyama, A., additional, O’Gorman, T., additional, Shiraki, D., additional, Herfindal, J.L., additional, Hollmann, E.M., additional, Marini, C., additional, Boivin, R., additional, Eidietis, N.W., additional, and Lehnen, M., additional
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- 2023
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21. Contrasting H-mode behaviour with deuterium fuelling and nitrogen seeding in the all-carbon and metallic versions of JET
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Maddison, G. P., Giroud, C., Alper, B., Arnoux, G., Balboa, I., Beurskens, M. N. A., Boboc, A., Brezinsek, S., Brix, M., Clever, M., Coelho, R., Coenen, J. W., Coffey, I., Belo, P. C. da Silva Aresta, Devaux, S., Devynck, P., Eich, T., Felton, R. C., Flanagan, J., Frassinetti, L., Garzotti, L., Groth, M., Jachmich, S., Järvinen, A., Joffrin, E., Kempenaars, M. A. H., Kruezi, U., Lawson, K. D., Lehnen, M., Leyland, M. J., Liu, Y., Lomas, P. J., Lowry, C. G., Marsen, S., Matthews, G. F., McCormick, G. K., Meigs, A. G., Morris, A. W., Neu, R., Nunes, I. M., Oberkofler, M., Rimini, F. G., Saarelma, S., Sieglin, B., Sips, A. C. C., Sirinelli, A., Stamp, M. F., van Rooij, G. J., Ward, D. J., Wischmeier, M., and contributors, JET EFDA
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Physics - Plasma Physics - Abstract
The former all-carbon wall on JET has been replaced with beryllium in the main torus and tungsten in the divertor to mimic the surface materials envisaged for ITER. Comparisons are presented between Type I H-mode characteristics in each design by examining respective scans over deuterium fuelling and impurity seeding, required to ameliorate exhaust loads both in JET at full capability and in ITER., Comment: 55 pages, 15 figures
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- 2014
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22. Impact of nitrogen seeding on confinement and power load control of a high-triangularity JET ELMy H-mode plasma with a metal wall
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Giroud, C, Maddison, G P, Jachmich, S, Rimini, F, Beurskens, M N A, Balboa, I, Brezinsek, S, Coelho, R, Coenen, J W, Frassinetti, L, Joffrin, E, Oberkofler, M, Lehnen, M, Liu, Y, Marsen, S, K, K McCormick, Meigs, A, Neu, R, Sieglin, B, van Rooij, G, Arnoux, G, Belo, P, Brix, M, Clever, M, Coffey, I, Devaux, S, Douai, D, Eich, T, Flanagan, J, Grunhagen, S, Huber, A, Kempenaars, M, Kruezi, U, Lawson, K, Lomas, P, Lowry, C, Nunes, I, Sirinnelli, A, Sips, A C C, Stamp, M, Wiesen, S, and contributors, JET-EFDA
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Physics - Plasma Physics - Abstract
This paper reports the impact on confinement and power load of the high-shape 2.5MA ELMy H-mode scenario at JET of a change from an all carbon plasma facing components to an all metal wall. In preparation to this change, systematic studies of power load reduction and impact on confinement as a result of fuelling in combination with nitrogen seeding were carried out in JET-C and are compared to their counterpart in JET with a metallic wall. An unexpected and significant change is reported on the decrease of the pedestal confinement but is partially recovered with the injection of nitrogen., Comment: 30 pages, 16 figures
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- 2013
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23. The effect of ITER-like wall on runaway electron generation in JET
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Papp, G., Fülöp, T., Fehér, T., de Vries, P. C., Riccardo, V., Reux, C., Lehnen, M., Kiptily, V., Plyusnin, V. V., Alper, B., and contributors, JET EFDA
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Physics - Plasma Physics - Abstract
This paper investigates the effect of the ITER-like wall (ILW) on runaway electron (RE) generation through a comparative study of similar slow argon injection JET disruptions, performed with different wall materials. In the carbon wall case, a runaway electron plateau is observed, while in the ITER-like wall case, the current quench is slower and the runaway current is negligibly small. The aim of the paper is to shed light on the reason for these differences by detailed numerical modelling to study which factors affected the RE formation. The post-disruption current profile is calculated by a one-dimensional model of electric field, temperature and runaway current taking into account the impurity injection. Scans of various impurity contents are performed and agreement with the experimental scenarios is obtained for reasonable argon- and wall impurity contents. Our modelling shows that the reason for the changed RE dynamics is a complex, combined effect of the differences in plasma parameter profiles, the radiation characteristics of beryllium and carbon, and the difference of the injected argon amount. These together lead to a significantly higher Dreicer generation rate in the carbon wall case, which is less prone to be suppressed by RE loss mechanisms. The results indicate that the differences are greatly reduced above ~50% argon content, suggesting that significant RE current is expected in future massive gas injection experiments on both JET and ITER.
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- 2013
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24. Influence of pellet shielding on disruption mitigation in ITER
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Pestchanyi, S., Lehnen, M., Pitts, R.A., and Saibene, G.
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- 2019
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25. TOKES simulations to compare gas and pellet injection for disruption mitigation in ITER
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Pestchanyi, S., Lehnen, M., Pitts, R.A., and Saibene, G.
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- 2018
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26. Modelling of magnetic field structure of the Ergodic Divertor of Tore Supra and comparison to the Dynamic Ergodic Divertor of TEXTOR
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Abdullaev, S. S., Van Rompuy, T., Finken, K. H., Lehnen, M., and Jakubowski, M.
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Physics - Plasma Physics - Abstract
An analytical model previously developed to study the structure of the magnetic field for the TEXTOR-DED [S.S. Abdullaev et al. Phys. Plasmas, 6, 153 (1999)] is applied to the similar study of the Ergodic Divertor of Tore Supra tokamak [Ph. Ghendrih, Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion, 38, 1653 (1996)]. The coil configuration of ED Tore Supra consists of six modules equidistantly located along the toroidal direction on the low-field-side of the torus with given toroidal and poloidal extensions. The Hamiltonian formulation of field line equations in straight-field-line coordinates (Boozer coordinates) and the computationally efficient mapping method for integration of the Hamiltonian field line equations are used to study the magnetic field structure in the ED. Asymptotical formulas for the perturbation magnetic field created by the ED coils are obtained and the spectrum of magnetic perturbations is analyzed and compared with the one of the TEXTOR-DED. The structure of ergodic and laminar zones are studied by plotting Poincare sections, so-called laminar plots (contour plots of wall to wall connection lengths) and magnetic footprints. The radial profiles of field line diffusion coefficients are calculated for different perturbation currents and it is found that for the Tore Supra case in the ergodic zone the numerical field line diffusion coefficients perfectly follow the quasilinear formula for smaller perturbation currents although the situation is different for the maximum perturbation current., Comment: 32 pages, 27 figures
- Published
- 2008
27. Overview of physics results from MAST towards ITER/DEMO and the MAST Upgrade
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Meyer, H, Abel, IG, Akers, RJ, Allan, A, Allan, SY, Appel, LC, Asunta, O, Barnes, M, Barratt, NC, Ayed, N Ben, Bradley, JW, Canik, J, Cahyna, P, Cecconello, M, Challis, CD, Chapman, IT, Ciric, D, Colyer, G, Conway, NJ, Cox, M, Crowley, BJ, Cowley, SC, Cunningham, G, Danilov, A, Darke, A, De Bock, MFM, De Temmerman, G, Dendy, RO, Denner, P, Dickinson, D, Dnestrovsky, AY, Dnestrovsky, Y, Driscoll, MD, Dudson, B, Dunai, D, Dunstan, M, Dura, P, Elmore, S, Field, AR, Fishpool, G, Freethy, S, Fundamenski, W, Garzotti, L, Ghim, YC, Gibson, KJ, Gryaznevich, MP, Harrison, J, Havlíčková, E, Hawkes, NC, Heidbrink, WW, Hender, TC, Highcock, E, Higgins, D, Hill, P, Hnat, B, Hole, MJ, Horáček, J, Howell, DF, Imada, K, Jones, O, Kaveeva, E, Keeling, D, Kirk, A, Kočan, M, Lake, RJ, Lehnen, M, Leggate, HJ, Liang, Y, Lilley, MK, Lisgo, SW, Liu, YQ, Lloyd, B, Maddison, GP, Mailloux, J, Martin, R, McArdle, GJ, McClements, KG, McMillan, B, Michael, C, Militello, F, Molchanov, P, Mordijck, S, Morgan, T, Morris, AW, Muir, DG, Nardon, E, Naulin, V, Naylor, G, Nielsen, AH, O'Brien, MR, O'Gorman, T, Pamela, S, Parra, FI, Patel, A, Pinches, SD, Price, MN, Roach, CM, Robinson, JR, Romanelli, M, and Rozhansky, V
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Atomic ,Molecular ,Nuclear ,Particle and Plasma Physics ,Fluids & Plasmas - Abstract
New diagnostic, modelling and plant capability on the Mega Ampère Spherical Tokamak (MAST) have delivered important results in key areas for ITER/DEMO and the upcoming MAST Upgrade, a step towards future ST devices on the path to fusion currently under procurement. Micro-stability analysis of the pedestal highlights the potential roles of micro-tearing modes and kinetic ballooning modes for the pedestal formation. Mitigation of edge localized modes (ELM) using resonant magnetic perturbation has been demonstrated for toroidal mode numbers n = 3, 4, 6 with an ELM frequency increase by up to a factor of 9, compatible with pellet fuelling. The peak heat flux of mitigated and natural ELMs follows the same linear trend with ELM energy loss and the first ELM-resolved Ti measurements in the divertor region are shown. Measurements of flow shear and turbulence dynamics during L-H transitions show filaments erupting from the plasma edge whilst the full flow shear is still present. Off-axis neutral beam injection helps to strongly reduce the redistribution of fast-ions due to fishbone modes when compared to on-axis injection. Low-k ion-scale turbulence has been measured in L-mode and compared to global gyro-kinetic simulations. A statistical analysis of principal turbulence time scales shows them to be of comparable magnitude and reasonably correlated with turbulence decorrelation time. Te inside the island of a neoclassical tearing mode allow the analysis of the island evolution without assuming specific models for the heat flux. Other results include the discrepancy of the current profile evolution during the current ramp-up with solutions of the poloidal field diffusion equation, studies of the anomalous Doppler resonance compressional Alfvén eigenmodes, disruption mitigation studies and modelling of the new divertor design for MAST Upgrade. The novel 3D electron Bernstein synthetic imaging shows promising first data sensitive to the edge current profile and flows. © 2013 IAEA, Vienna.
- Published
- 2013
28. Interface challenges as part of the ITER plasma control system design
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Zabeo, L., de Vries, P.C., Gandini, F., Gribov, Y., Lehnen, M., Snipes, J.A., Winter, A., Henderson, M., Yu, Y., Maruyama, S., Mitchell, N., Jun, T., Song, I., Vergara, A., Oikawa, T., Schneider, M., Svensson, L., Lamalle, P., Vayakis, G., and Watts, C.
- Published
- 2017
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29. Density and temperature profiles after low-Z and high-Z shattered pellet injections on DIII-D.
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Lvovskiy, A., Matsuyama, A., O'Gorman, T., Shiraki, D., Herfindal, J.L., Hollmann, E.M., Marini, C., Boivin, R., Eidietis, N.W., and Lehnen, M.
- Subjects
CORE materials ,THOMSON scattering ,DEUTERIUM ,PLASMA density ,PLASMA diagnostics ,DENSITY ,PLASMA temperature - Abstract
In this work we utilize the recently upgraded Thomson scattering diagnostic to resolve density and temperature plasma profiles after pure deuterium and mixed neon/deuterium shattered pellet injections (SPIs) on DIII-D. This allows us to study individual components of the staggered scheme proposed for disruption mitigation on ITER, consisting of a low-Z material SPI followed by a delayed high-Z SPI. Obtained spatio-temporal density profiles exhibit very different dynamics after dominantly neon and pure deuterium SPIs. The neon SPI causes a fast radiative plasma collapse in a few milliseconds and results in almost flat density profile once the impurity mixes with the plasma during and after the thermal quench (TQ). The deuterium SPI leads to a disruption delayed by ten and more milliseconds, but very limited core fueling can be observed before the disruption. Even during and after the TQ, the edge deuterium density significantly exceeds the core density. 1D transport modeling suggests that this poor core fueling can be explained by strong outward grad-B-induced drift of the injected deuterium. Preliminary simulations show that larger pellet shards and greater injected quantity can be used to improve the penetration of the low-Z material into the core. These results call for optimization and further evaluation of the staggered SPI on ITER. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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30. Enhanced performance in fusion plasmas through turbulence suppression by megaelectronvolt ions
- Author
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Mazzi, S., Garcia, J., Zarzoso, D., Kazakov, Y., Ongena, J., Dreval, M., Nocente, M., Stancar, Z., Szepesi, G., Eriksson, J., Sahlberg, A., Benkadda, S., Abid, N., Abraham, K., Abreu, P., Adabonyan, O., Adrich, P., Afanasev, V., Afzal, M., Ahlgren, T., Aho-Mantila, L., Aiba, N., Airila, M., Akhtar, M., Albanese, R., Alderson-Martin, M., Alegre, D., Aleiferis, S., Aleksa, A., Alekseev, A., Alessi, E., Aleynikov, P., Algualcil, J., Ali, M., Allinson, M., Alper, B., Alves, E., Ambrosino, G., Ambrosino, R., Amosov, V., Andersson Sunden, E., Andrew, P., Angelini, B., Angioni, C., Antoniou, I., Appel, L., Appelbee, C., Aria, S., Ariola, M., Artaserse, G., Arter, W., Artigues, V., Asakura, N., Ash, A., Ashikawa, N., Aslanyan, V., Astrain, M., Asztalos, O., Auld, D., Auriemma, F., Austin, Y., Avotina, L., Aymerich, E., Baciero, A., Bairaktaris, F., Balbin, J., Balbinot, L., Balboa, I., Balden, M., Balshaw, C., Balshaw, N., Bandaru, V., Banks, J., Baranov, Y., Barcellona, C., Barnard, A., Barnard, M., Barnsley, R., Barth, A., Baruzzo, M., Barwell, S., Bassan, M., Batista, A., Batistoni, P., Baumane, L., Bauvir, B., Baylor, L., Beaumont, P., Beckett, D., Begolli, A., Beidler, M., Bekris, N., Beldishevski, M., Belli, E., Belli, F., Belonohy, E., Ben Yaala, M., Benayas, J., Bentley, J., Bergsaker, H., Bernardo, J., Bernert, M., Berry, M., Bertalot, L., Betar, H., Beurskens, M., Bickerton, S., Bieg, B., Bielecki, J., Bierwage, A., Biewer, T., Bilato, R., Bílkova, P., Birkenmeier, G., Bishop, H., Bizarro, J., Blackburn, J., Blanchard, P., Blatchford, P., Bobkov, V., Boboc, A., Bohm, P., Bohm, T., Bolshakova, I., Bolzonella, T., Bonanomi, N., Bonfiglio, D., Bonnin, X., Bonofiglo, P., Boocock, S., Booth, A., Booth, J., Borba, D., Borodin, D., Borodkina, I., Boulbe, C., Bourdelle, C., Bowden, M., Boyd, K., Bozicevic Mihalic, I., Bradnam, S., Braic, V., Brandt, L., Bravanec, R., Breizman, B., Brett, A., Brezinsek, S., Brix, M., Bromley, K., Brown, B., Brunetti, D., Buckingham, R., Buckley, M., Budny, R., Buermans, J., Bufferand, H., Buratti, P., Burgess, A., Buscarino, A., Busse, A., Butcher, D., Cal, E., Calabro, G., Calacci, L., Calado, R., Camenen, Y., Canal, G., Cannas, B., Cappelli, M., Carcangiu, S., Card, P., Cardinali, A., Carman, P., Carnevale, D., Carr, M., Carralero, D., Carraro, L., Carvalho, I., Carvalho, P., Casiraghi, I., Casson, F., Castaldo, C., Catalan, J., Catarino, N., Causa, F., Cavedon, M., Cecconello, M., Challis, C., Chamberlain, B., Chang, C., Chankin, A., Chapman, B., Chernyshova, M., Chiariello, A., Chmielewski, P., Chomiczewska, A., Chone, L., Ciraolo, G., Ciric, D., Citrin, J., Ciupinski, t., Clark, M., Clarkson, R., Clements, C., Cleverly, M., Coad, J., Coates, P., Cobalt, A., Coccorese, V., Coelho, R., Coenen, J., Coffey, I., Colangeli, A., Colas, L., Collins, C., Collins, J., Collins, S., Conka, D., Conroy, S., Conway, B., Conway, N., Coombs, D., Cooper, P., Cooper, S., Corradino, C., Corrigan, G., Coster, D., Cox, P., Craciunescu, T., Cramp, S., Crapper, C., Craven, D., Craven, R., Crialesi Esposito, M., Croci, G., Croft, D., Croitoru, A., Crombe, K., Cronin, T., Cruz, N., Crystal, C., Cseh, G., Cufar, A., Cullen, A., Curuia, M., Czarski, T., Dabirikhah, H., Dal Molin, A., Dale, E., Dalgliesh, P., Dalley, S., Dankowski, J., David, P., Davies, A., Davies, S., Davis, G., Dawson, K., Dawson, S., Day, I., De Bock, M., De Temmerman, G., De Tommasi, G., Deakin, K., Deane, J., Dejarnac, R., Del Sarto, D., Delabie, E., Del-Castillo-Negrete, D., Dempsey, A., Dendy, R., Devynck, P., Di Siena, A., Di Troia, C., Dickson, T., Dinca, P., Dittmar, T., Dobrashian, J., Doerner, R., Donne, A., Dorling, S., Dormido-Canto, S., Douai, D., Dowson, S., Doyle, R., Drewelow, P., Drews, P., Drummond, G., Duckworth, P., Dudding, H., Dumont, R., Dumortier, P., Dunai, D., Dunatov, T., Dunne, M., Duran, I., Durodie, F., Dux, R., Dvornova, A., Eastham, R., Edwards, J., Eich, T., Eichorn, A., Eidietis, N., Eksaeva, A., Haroun, H., Ellwood, G., Elsmore, C., Embreus, O., Emery, S., Ericsson, G., Eriksson, B., Eriksson, F., Eriksson, L., Ertmer, S., Esquembri, S., Esquisabel, A., Estrada, T., Evans, G., Evans, S., Fable, E., Fagan, D., Faitsch, M., Falessi, M., Fanni, A., Farahani, A., Farquhar, I., Fasoli, A., Faugeras, B., Fazinie, S., Felici, F., Felton, R., Fernandes, A., Fernandes, H., Ferrand, J., Ferreira, D., Ferreira, J., Ferro, G., Fessey, J., Ficker, O., Field, A., Figueiredo, A., Figueiredo, J., Fil, A., Fil, N., Finburg, P., Fiorucci, D., Fischer, U., Fishpool, G., Fittill, L., Fitzgerald, M., Flammini, D., Flanagan, J., Flinders, K., Foley, S., Fonnesu, N., Fontana, M., Fontdecaba, J., Forbes, S., Formisano, A., Fornal, T., Fortuna, L., Fortuna-Zalesna, E., Fortune, M., Fowler, C., Fransson, E., Frassinetti, L., Freisinger, M., Fresa, R., Fridstrom, R., Frigione, D., Fülop, T., Furseman, M., Fusco, V., Futatani, S., Gadariya, D., Gal, K., Galassi, D., Gafezka, K., Galeani, S., Gallart, D., Galvao, R., Gao, Y., Garcia-Munoz, M., Gardener, M., Garzotti, L., Gaspar, J., Gatto, R., Gaudio, P., Gear, D., Gebhart, T., Gee, S., Gelfusa, M., George, R., Gerasimov, S., Gervasini, G., Gethins, M., Ghani, Z., Gherendi, M., Ghezzi, F., Giacalone, J., Giacomelli, L., Giacometti, G., Gibson, C., Gibson, K., Gil, L., Gillgren, A., Gin, D., Giovannozzi, E., Giroud, C., Glen, R., Gloggler, S., Goff, J., Gohil, P., Goloborodko, V., Gomes, R., Goncalves, B., Goniche, M., Goodyear, A., Gore, S., Gorini, G., Görler, T., Gotts, N., Goulding, R., Gow, E., Graham, B., Graves, J., Greuner, H., Grierson, B., Griffiths, J., Griph, S., Grist, D., Gromelski, W., Groth, M., Grove, R., Gruca, M., Guard, D., Gupta, N., Gurl, C., Gusarov, A., Hackett, L., Hacquin, S., Hager, R., Hagg, L., Hakola, A., Halitovs, M., Hall, S., Hallworth-Cook, S., Ham, C., Hamaguchi, D., Hamed, M., Hamlyn-Harris, C., Hammond, K., Harford, E., Harrison, J., Harting, D., Hatano, Y., Hatch, D., Haupt, T., Hawes, J., Hawkes, N., Hawkins, J., Hayashi, T., Hazael, S., Hazel, S., Heesterman, P., Heidbrink, B., Helou, W., Hemming, O., Henderson, S., Henriques, R., Hepple, D., Herfindal, J., Hermon, G., Hill, J., Hillesheim, J., Hizanidis, K., Hjalmarsson, A., Ho, A., Hobirk, J., Hoenen, O., Hogben, C., Hollingsworth, A., Hollis, S., Hollmann, E., Hoelzl, M., Homan, B., Hook, M., Hopley, D., Horacek, J., Horsley, D., Horsten, N., Horton, A., Horton, L., Horvath, L., Hotchin, S., Howell, R., Hu, Z., Huber, A., Huber, V., Huddleston, T., Huijsmans, G., Huynh, P., Hynes, A., Iliasova, M., lmrie, D., lmrísek, M., lngleby, J., Innocente, P., Insulander Björk, K., Isernia, N., lvanova-Stanik, I., lvings, E., Jablonski, S., Jachmich, S., Jackson, T., Jacquet, P., Järleblad, H., Jaulmes, F., Jenaro Rodriguez, J., Jepu, I., Joffrin, E., Johnson, R., Johnson, T., Johnston, J., Jones, C., Jones, G., Jones, L., Jones, N., Jones, T., Joyce, A., Juarez, R., Juvonen, M., Kalnina, P., Kaltiaisenaho, T., Kaniewski, J., Kantor, A., Kappatou, A., Karhunen, J., Karkinsky, D., Kashchuk, Y., Kaufman, M., Kaveney, G., Kazantzidis, V., Keeling, D., Kelly, R., Kempenaars, M., Kennedy, C., Kennedy, D., Kent, J., Khan, K., Khilkevich, E., Kiefer, C., Kilpeläinen, J., Kim, C., Kim, H., Kim, S., King, D., King, R., Kinna, D., Kiptily, V., Kirjasuo, A., Kirov, K., Kirschner, A., kiviniemi, T., Kizane, G., Klas, M., Klepper, C., Klix, A., Kneale, G., Knight, M., Knight, P., Knights, R., Knipe, S., Knolker, M., Knott, S., Kocan, M., Kochl, F., Kodeli, I., Kolesnichenko, Y., Kominis, Y., Kong, M., Korovin, V., Kos, B., Kos, D., Koslowski, H., Kotschenreuther, M., Koubiti, M., Kowalska-Strzeciwilk, E., Koziol, K., Krasilnikov, A., Krasilnikov, V., Kresina, M., Krieger, K., Krishnan, N., Krivska, A., Kruezi, U., Ksiezek, I., Kukushkin, A., Kumpulainen, H., Kurki-Suonio, T., Kurotaki, H., Kwak, S., Kwon, O., Laguardia, L., Lagzdina, E., Lahtinen, A., Laing, A., Lam, N., Lambertz, H., Lane, B., Lane, C., Lascas Neto, E., Laszyriska, E., Lawson, K., Lazaros, A., Lazzaro, E., Learoyd, G., Lee, C., Lee, S., Leerink, S., Leeson, T., Lefebvre, X., Leggate, H., Lehmann, J., Lehnen, M., Leichtle, D., Leipold, F., Lengar, I., Lennholm, M., Leon Gutierrez, E., Lepiavko, B., Leppanen, J., Lerche, E., Lescinskis, A., Lewis, J., Leysen, W., Li, L., Li, Y., Likonen, J., Linsmeier, C., Lipschultz, B., Litaudon, X., Litherland-Smith, E., Liu, F., Loarer, T., Loarte, A., Lobel, R., Lomanowski, B., Lomas, P., Lopez, J., Lorenzini, R., Loreti, S., Losada, U., Loschiavo, V., Loughlin, M., Louka, Z., Lovell, J., Lowe, T., Lowry, C., Lubbad, S., Luce, T., Lucock, R., Lukin, A., Luna, C., Luna, E., Lungaroni, M., Lungu, C., Lunt, T., Lutsenko, V., Lyons, B., Lyssoivan, A., Machielsen, M., Macusova, E., Mäenpää, R., Maggi, C., Maggiora, R., Magness, M., Mahesan, S., Maier, H., Maingi, R., Malinowski, K., Manas, P., Mantica, P., Mantsinen, M., Manyer, J., Manzanares, A., Maquet, P., Marceca, G., Marcenko, N., Marchetto, C., Marchuk, O., Mariani, A., Mariano, G., Marin, M., Marinelli, M., Markovic, T., Marocco, D., Marot, L., Marsden, S., Marsh, J., Marshall, R., Martellucci, L., Martin, A., Martone, R., Maruyama, S., Maslov, M., Masuzaki, S., Matejcik, S., Mattei, M., Matthews, G., Matveev, D., Matveeva, E., Mauriya, A., Maviglia, F., Mayer, M., Mayoral, M., Mazzotta, C., McAdams, R., McCarthy, P., McClements, K., McClenaghan, J., McCullen, P., McDonald, D., McGuckin, D., McHugh, D., Mclntyre, G., McKean, R., McKehon, J., McMillan, B., McNamee, L., McShee, A., Meakins, A., Medley, S., Meekes, C., Meghani, K., Meigs, A., Meisl, G., Meitner, S., Menmuir, S., Mergia, K., Merriman, S., Mertens, P., Meshchaninov, S., Messiaen, A., Michling, R., Middleton, P., Middleton-Gear, D., Mietelski, J., Milanesio, D., Milani, E., Militello, F., Militello Asp, A., Milnes, J., Milocco, A., Miloshevsky, G., Minghao, C., Minucci, S., Miron, I., Miyamoto, M., Mlynar, J., Moiseenko, V., Monaghan, P., Monakhov, I., Moody, T., Moon, S., Mooney, R., Moradi, S., Morales, J., Morales, R., Mordijck, S., Moreira, L., Morgan, L., Moro, F., Morris, J., Morrison, K., Moser, L., Moulton, D., Mrowetz, T., Mundy, T., Muraglia, M., Murari, A., Muraro, A., Muthusonai, N., N'Konga, B., Na, Y., Nabais, F., Naden, M., Naish, J., Naish, R., Napoli, F., Nardon, E., Naulin, V., Nave, M., Nedzelskiy, I., Nemtsev, G., Nesenevich, V., Nestoras, I., Neu, R., Neverov, V., Ng, S., Nicassio, M., Nielsen, A., Nina, D., Nishijima, D., Noble, C., Nobs, C., Nodwell, D., Nordlund, K., Nordman, H., Normanton, R., Noterdaeme, J., Nowak, S., Nunn, E., Nystrom, H., Oberparleiter, M., Obryk, B., O'Callaghan, J., Odupitan, T., Oliver, H., Olney, R., O'Mullane, M., Organ, E., Orsitto, F., Orszagh, J., Osborne, T., Otin, R., Otsuka, T., Owen, A., Oya, Y., Oyaizu, M., Paccagnella, R., Pace, N., Packer, L., Paige, S., Pajuste, E., Palade, D., Pamela, S., Panadero, N., Panontin, E., Papadopoulos, A., Papp, G., Papp, P., Parail, V., Pardanaud, C., Parisi, J., Parra Diaz, F., Parsloe, A., Parsons, M., Parsons, N., Passeri, M., Patel, A., Pau, A., Pautasso, G., Pavlichenko, R., Pavone, A., Pawelec, E., Paz Soldan, C., Peacock, A., Pearce, M., Peluso, E., Penot, C., Pepperell, K., Pereira, R., Pereira, T., Perelli Cippo, E., Pereslavtsev, P., Perez von Thun, C., Pericoli, V., Perry, D., Peterka, M., Petersson, P., Petravich, G., Petrella, N., Peyman, M., Pillon, M., Pinches, S., Pintsuk, G., Pires de Sa, W., Pires dos Reis, A., Piron, C., Piron, L., Pironti, A., Pitts, R., Plassche, K., Platt, N., Plyusnin, V., Podesta, M., Pokol, G., Poli, F., Pompilian, O., Popovichev, S., Poradzinski, M., Porfiri, M., Porkolab, M., Porosnicu, C., Porton, M., Poulipoulis, G., Predebon, I., Prestopino, G., Price, C., Price, D., Price, M., Primetzhofer, D., Prior, P., Provatas, G., Pucella, G., Puglia, P., Purahoo, K., Pusztai, I., Putignano, O., Pütterich, T., Quercia, A., Rachlew, E., Radulescu, G., Radulovic, V., Rainford, M., Raj, P., Ralph, G., Ramogida, G., Rasmussen, D., Rasmussen, J., Ratta, G., Ratynskaia, S., Rebai, M., Refy, D., Reichle, R., Reinke, M., Reiser, D., Reux, C., Reynolds, S., Richiusa, M., Richyal, S., Rigamonti, D., Rimini, F., Risner, J., Riva, M., Rivero-Rodriguez, J., Roach, C., Robins, R., Robinson, S., Robson, D., Rodionov, R., Rodrigues, P., Rodriguez Ramos, M., Rodriguez-Fernandez, P., Romanelli, F., Romanelli, M., Romanelli, S., Romazanov, J., Rossi, R., Rowe, S., Rowlands, D., Rubel, M., Rubinacci, G., Rubino, G., Ruchko, L., Ruiz, M., Ruiz Ruiz, J., Ruset, C., Rzadkiewicz, J., Saarelma, S., Safi, E., Salewski, M., Salmi, A., Salmon, R., Salzedas, F., Sanders, I., Sandiford, D., Santos, B., Santucci, A., Sarkimaki, K., Sarwar, R., Sarychev, I., Sauter, O., Sauwan, P., Scapin, N., Schluck, F., Schmid, K., Schmuck, S., Schneider, M., Schneider, P., Schworer, D., Scott, G., Scott, M., Scraggs, D., Scully, S., Segato, M., Seo, J., Sergienko, G., Sertoli, M., Sharapov, S., Shaw, A., Sheikh, H., Sheikh, U., Shepherd, A., Shevelev, A., Shigin, P., Shinohara, K., Shiraiwa, S., Shiraki, D., Short, M., Sias, G., Silburn, S., Silva, A., Silva, C., Silva, J., Silvagni, D., Simfukwe, D., Simpson, J., Sinclair, D., Sipilä, S., Sips, A., Siren, P., Sirinelli, A., Sjöstrand, H., Skinner, N., Slater, J., Smith, N., Smith, P., Snell, J., Snoep, G., Snoj, L., Snyder, P., Soare, S., Solano, E., Solokha, V., Somers, A., Sommariva, C., Soni, K., Sorokovoy, E., Sos, M., Sousa, J., Sozzi, C., Spagnolo, S., Spelzini, T., Spineanu, F., Spong, D., Sprada, D., Sridhar, S., Srinivasan, C., Stables, G., Staebler, G., Stamatelatos, I., Staniec, P., Stankunas, G., Stead, M., Stefanikova, E., Stephen, A., Stephens, J., Stevenson, P., Stojanov, M., Strand, P., Strauss, H., Strikwerda, S., Ström, P., Stuart, C., Studholme, W., Subramani, M., Suchkov, E., Sumida, S., Sun, H., Susts, T., Svensson, J., Svoboda, J., Sweeney, R., Sytnykov, D., Szabolics, T., Tabia, B., Tadic, T., Tal, B., Tala, T., Tallargio, A., Tamain, P., Tan, H., Tanaka, K., Tang, W., Tardocchi, M., Taylor, D., Teimane, A., Telesca, G., Teplova, N., Teplukhina, A., Terentyev, D., Terra, A., Terranova, D., Terranova, N., Testa, D., Tholerus, E., Thomas, J., Thoren, E., Thorman, A., Tierens, W., Tinguely, R., Tipton, A., Todd, H., Tokitani, M., Tolias, P., Tomes, M., Tookey, A., Torikai, Y., Toussaint, U., Tsavalas, P., Tskhakaya, D., Turner, I., Turner, M., Turnyanskiy, M., Tvalashvili, G., Tyrrell, S., Tyshchenko, M., Uccello, A., Udintsev, V., Urbanczyk, G., Vadgama, A., Valcarcel, D., Valisa, M., Vallejos Olivares, P., Vallhagen, O., Valovic, M., Van Eester, D., Varje, J., Vartanian, S., Vasilopoulou, T., Vayakis, G., Vecsei, M., Vega, J., Ventre, S., Verdoolaege, G., Verona, C., Verona Rinati, G., Veshchev, E., Vianello, N., Viezzer, E., Vignitchouk, L., Vila, R., Villari, R., Villone, F., Vincenzi, P., Vinyar, I., Viola, B., Virtanen, A., Vitins, A., Vizvary, Z., Vlad, G., Vlad, M., Vondracek, P., de Vries, P., Wakeling, B., Walkden, N., Walker, M., Walker, R., Walsh, M., Wang, E., Wang, N., Warder, S., Warren, R., Waterhouse, J., Watts, C., Wauters, T., Weckmann, A., Wedderburn Maxwell, H., Weiland, M., Weisen, H., Weiszflog, M., Welch, P., Wendler, N., West, A., Wheatley, M., Wheeler, S., Whitehead, A., Whittaker, D., Widdowson, A., Wiesen, S., Wilkinson, J., Williams, J., Willoughby, D., Wilson, I., Wilson, J., Wilson, T., Wischmeier, M., Wise, P., Withenshaw, G., Withycombe, A., Witts, D., Wojcik-Gargula, A., Wolfrum, E., Wood, R., Woodley, C., Woodley, R., Woods, B., Wright, J., Xu, T., Yadikin, D., Yajima, M., Yakovenko, Y., Yang, Y., Yanling, W., Yanovskiy, V., Young, I., Young, R., Zabolockis, R., Zacks, J., Zagorski, R., Zaitsev, F., Zakharov, L., Zarins, A., Zarzoso Fernandez, D., Zastrow, K., Zayachuk, Y., Zerbini, M., Zhang, W., Zhou, Y., Zlobinski, M., Zocco, A., Zohar, A., Zoita, V., Zoletnik, S., Zotta, V., Zoulias, I., Zwingmann, W., Zychor, I., Physique des interactions ioniques et moléculaires (PIIM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique (IRFM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Swiss Plasma Center (SPC), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Laboratory for Plasma Physics (LPP), Ecole Royale Militaire / Koninklijke Militaire School (ERM KMS), Kharkiv Institute of Physics and Technology (Ukraine), V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University (KhNU), Dipartimento di Fisica (Milano), Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Milano] (CNR), Jozef Stefan Institute [Ljubljana] (IJS), Culham Centre for Fusion Energy (CCFE), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014–2018 and 2019–2020 under Grant agreement No 633053., Mazzi, S, Garcia, J, Zarzoso, D, Kazakov, Y, Ongena, J, Dreval, M, Nocente, M, Stancar, Z, Szepesi, G, Eriksson, J, Sahlberg, A, Benkadda, S, Abid, N, Abraham, K, Abreu, P, Adabonyan, O, Adrich, P, Afzal, M, Ahlgren, T, Aho-Mantila, L, Aiba, N, Airila, M, Akhtar, M, Albanese, R, Alderson-Martin, M, Alegre, D, Aleiferis, S, Aleksa, A, Alessi, E, Aleynikov, P, Algualcil, J, Ali, M, Allinson, M, Alper, B, Alves, E, Ambrosino, G, Ambrosino, R, 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K., Zoulias, I., Zwingmann, W., Zychor, I., JET Contributors, Science and Technology of Nuclear Fusion, EIRES Eng. for Sustainable Energy Systems, Magneto-Hydro-Dynamic Stability of Fusion Plasmas, Applied Physics and Science Education, Kazakov, Yo, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Culham Science Centre, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, European Commission, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Universidade Lisboa, Fusion and Plasma Physics, University of Milan - Bicocca, Aalto University, General Atomics, ITER, University of Toyama, CEA, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Technical University of Madrid, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, Royal Military Academy, Seoul National University, Chalmers University of Technology, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, and Aalto-yliopisto
- Subjects
[PHYS]Physics [physics] ,Settore FIS/01 ,Settore ING-IND/18 - Fisica dei Reattori Nucleari ,General Physics and Astronomy ,simulation ,magnetically confined plasma ,nuclear fusion ,tokamaks ,turbulence suppression ,Plasma ,[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-PLASM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Plasma Physics [physics.plasm-ph] ,confinement ,transport ,Alpha particles ,Fusion reactors ,Turbulence ,physics - Abstract
openaire: EC/H2020/633053/EU//EUROfusion Funding Information: We thank M. Baruzzo and F. Nave for the preparation and execution of JET experiments discussed in this paper; E. de la Luna for support in detailing the experimental diagnostics of JET; A. Ho for assistance in processing the experimental data; T. Görler for providing essential advice to ensure the correct numerical setup for the GENE modelling reported in this paper; Y. Camenen, X. Garbet and A. Bierwage for fruitful discussions about the gyrokinetic analyses; G. Giruzzi for valuable suggestions on the article strategy. The simulations were performed on the IRENE Joliot-Curie HPC system, in the framework of the PRACE projects IONFAST and AFIETC, led by J. Garcia, and on the CINECA Marconi HPC within the project GENE4EP, led by D. Zarzoso. This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014-2018 and 2019-2020 under grant agreement no. 633053. The views and opinions express herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. Part of the work by Ye. O. Kazakov and J.Ongena was also carried out in the framework of projects done for the ITER Scientist Fellow Network (ISFN). Funding Information: We thank M. Baruzzo and F. Nave for the preparation and execution of JET experiments discussed in this paper; E. de la Luna for support in detailing the experimental diagnostics of JET; A. Ho for assistance in processing the experimental data; T. Görler for providing essential advice to ensure the correct numerical setup for the GENE modelling reported in this paper; Y. Camenen, X. Garbet and A. Bierwage for fruitful discussions about the gyrokinetic analyses; G. Giruzzi for valuable suggestions on the article strategy. The simulations were performed on the IRENE Joliot-Curie HPC system, in the framework of the PRACE projects IONFAST and AFIETC, led by J. Garcia, and on the CINECA Marconi HPC within the project GENE4EP, led by D. Zarzoso. This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium and has received funding from the Euratom research and training programme 2014-2018 and 2019-2020 under grant agreement no. 633053. The views and opinions express herein do not necessarily reflect those of the European Commission. Part of the work by Ye. O. Kazakov and J.Ongena was also carried out in the framework of projects done for the ITER Scientist Fellow Network (ISFN). Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. Alpha particles with energies on the order of megaelectronvolts will be the main source of plasma heating in future magnetic confinement fusion reactors. Instead of heating fuel ions, most of the energy of alpha particles is transferred to electrons in the plasma. Furthermore, alpha particles can also excite Alfvénic instabilities, which were previously considered to be detrimental to the performance of the fusion device. Here we report improved thermal ion confinement in the presence of megaelectronvolts ions and strong fast ion-driven Alfvénic instabilities in recent experiments on the Joint European Torus. Detailed transport analysis of these experiments reveals turbulence suppression through a complex multi-scale mechanism that generates large-scale zonal flows. This holds promise for more economical operation of fusion reactors with dominant alpha particle heating and ultimately cheaper fusion electricity.
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- 2022
31. Enhanced performance in fusion plasmas through turbulence suppression by megaelectronvolt ions
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C., Braic V., Brandt L., Bravanec R., Breizman B., Brett A., Brezinsek S., Brix M., Bromley K., Brown B., Brunetti D., Buckingham R., Buckley M., Budny R., Buermans J., Bufferand H., Buratti P., Burgess A., Buscarino A., Busse A., Butcher D., de la Cal E., Calabro G., Calacci L., Calado R., Camenen Y., Canal G., Cannas B., Cappelli M., Carcangiu S., Card P., Cardinali A., Carman P., Carnevale D., Carr M., Carralero D., Carraro L., Carvalho I. S., Carvalho P., Casiraghi I., Casson F. J., Castaldo C., Catalan J. P., Catarino N., Causa F., Cavedon M., Cecconello M., Challis C. D., Chamberlain B., Chang C. S., Chankin A., Chapman B., Chernyshova M., Chiariello A., Chmielewski P., Chomiczewska A., Chone L., Ciraolo G., Ciric D., Citrin J., Ciupinski L., Clark M., Clarkson R., Clements C., Cleverly M., Coad J. P., Coates P., Cobalt A., Coccorese V., Coelho R., Coenen J. W., Coffey I. H., Colangeli A., Colas L., Collins C., Collins J., Collins S., Conka D., Conroy S., Conway B., Conway N. J., Coombs D., Cooper P., Cooper S., Corradino C., Corrigan G., Coster D., Cox P., Craciunescu T., Cramp S., Crapper C., Craven D., Craven R., Crialesi Esposito M., Croci G., Croft D., Croitoru A., Crombe K., Cronin T., Cruz N., Crystal C., Cseh G., Cufar A., Cullen A., Curuia M., Czarski T., Dabirikhah H., Molin A. D., Dale E., Dalgliesh P., Dalley S., Dankowski J., David P., Davies A., Davies S., Davis G., Dawson K., Dawson S., Day I. E., De Bock M., De Temmerman G., De Tommasi G., Deakin K., Deane J., Dejarnac R., Del Sarto D., Delabie E., Del-Castillo-Negrete D., Dempsey A., Dendy R. O., Devynck P., Di Siena A., Di Troia C., Dickson T., Dinca P., Dittmar T., Dobrashian J., Doerner R. P., Donne A. J. H., Dorling S., Dormido-Canto S., Douai D., Dowson S., Doyle R., Drewelow P., Drews P., Drummond G., Duckworth P., Dudding H., Dumont R., Dumortier P., Dunai D., Dunatov T., Dunne M., Duran I., Durodie F., Dux R., Dvornova A., Eastham R., Edwards J., Eich T., Eichorn A., Eidietis N., Eksaeva A., El Haroun H., Ellwood G., Elsmore C., Embreus O., Emery S., Ericsson G., Eriksson B., Eriksson F., Eriksson L. G., Ertmer S., Esquembri S., Esquisabel A. L., Estrada T., Evans G., Evans S., Fable E., Fagan D., Faitsch M., Falessi M., Fanni A., Farahani A., Farquhar I., Fasoli A., Faugeras B., Fazinic S., Felici F., Felton R., Fernandes A., Fernandes H., Ferrand J., Ferreira D. R., Ferreira J., Ferro G., Fessey J., Ficker O., Field A. R., Figueiredo A., Figueiredo J., Fil A., Fil N., Finburg P., Fiorucci D., Fischer U., Fishpool G., Fittill L., Fitzgerald M., Flammini D., Flanagan J., Flinders K., Foley S., Fonnesu N., Fontana M., Fontdecaba J. M., Forbes S., Formisano A., Fornal T., Fortuna L., Fortuna-Zalesna E., Fortune M., Fowler C., Fransson E., Frassinetti L., Freisinger M., Fresa R., Fridstrom R., Frigione D., Fulop T., Furseman M., Fusco V., Futatani S., Gadariya D., Gal K., Galassi D., Galazka K., Galeani S., Gallart D., Galvao R., Gao Y., Garcia-Munoz M., Gardener M., Garzotti L., Gaspar J., Gatto R., Gaudio P., Gear D., Gebhart T., Gee S., Gelfusa M., George R., Gerasimov S. N., Gervasini G., Gethins M., Ghani Z., Gherendi M., Ghezzi F., Giacalone J. C., Giacomelli L., Giacometti G., Gibson C., Gibson K. J., Gil L., Gillgren A., Giovannozzi E., Giroud C., Glen R., Gloggler S., Goff J., Gohil P., Goloborodko V., Gomes R., Goncalves B., Goniche M., Goodyear A., Gore S., Gorini G., Gorler T., Gotts N., Goulding R., Gow E., Graham B., Graves J. P., Greuner H., Grierson B., Griffiths J., Griph S., Grist D., Gromelski W., Groth M., Grove R., Gruca M., Guard D., Gupta N., Gurl C., Gusarov A., Hackett L., Hacquin S., Hager R., Hagg L., Hakola A., Halitovs M., Hall S., Hall S. A., Hallworth-Cook S., Ham C. J., Hamaguchi D., Hamed M., Hamlyn-Harris C., Hammond K., Harford E., Harrison J. R., Harting D., Hatano Y., Hatch D. R., Haupt T., Hawes J., Hawkes N. C., Hawkins J., Hayashi T., Hazael S., Hazel S., Heesterman P., Heidbrink B., Helou W., Hemming O., Henderson S. S., Henriques R. B., Hepple D., Herfindal J., Hermon G., Hill J., Hillesheim J. C., Hizanidis K., Hjalmarsson A., Ho A., Hobirk J., Hoenen O., Hogben C., Hollingsworth A., Hollis S., Hollmann E., Holzl M., Homan B., Hook M., Hopley D., Horacek J., Horsley D., Horsten N., Horton A., Horton L. D., Horvath L., Hotchin S., Howell R., Hu Z., Huber A., Huber V., Huddleston T., Huijsmans G. T. A., Huynh P., Hynes A., Imrie D., Imrisek M., Ingleby J., Innocente P., Insulander Bjork K., Isernia N., Ivanova-Stanik I., Ivings E., Jablonski S., Jachmich S., Jackson T., Jacquet P., Jarleblad H., Jaulmes F., Rodriguez J. J., Jepu I., Joffrin E., Johnson R., Johnson T., Johnston J., Jones C., Jones G., Jones L., Jones N., Jones T., Joyce A., Juarez R., Juvonen M., Kalnina P., Kaltiaisenaho T., Kaniewski J., Kantor A., Kappatou A., Karhunen J., Karkinsky D., Kaufman M., Kaveney G., Kazantzidis V., Keeling D. L., Kelly R., Kempenaars M., Kennedy C., Kennedy D., Kent J., Khan K., Kiefer C., Kilpelainen J., Kim C., Kim H. -T., Kim S. H., King D. B., King R., Kinna D., Kiptily V. G., Kirjasuo A., Kirov K. K., Kirschner A., Kiviniemi T., Kizane G., Klas M., Klepper C., Klix A., Kneale G., Knight M., Knight P., Knights R., Knipe S., Knolker M., Knott S., Kocan M., Kochl F., Kodeli I., Kolesnichenko Y., Kominis Y., Kong M., Korovin V., Kos B., Kos D., Koslowski H. R., Kotschenreuther M., Koubiti M., Kowalska-Strzeciwilk E., Koziol K., Krasilnikov V., Kresina M., Krieger K., Krishnan N., Krivska A., Kruezi U., Ksiazek I., Kukushkin A. B., Kumpulainen H., Kurki-Suonio T., Kurotaki H., Kwak S., Kwon O. J., Laguardia L., Lagzdina E., Lahtinen A., Laing A., Lam N., Lambertz H. T., Lane B., Lane C., Lascas Neto E., Laszynska E., Lawson K. D., Lazaros A., Lazzaro E., Learoyd G., Lee C., Lee S. E., Leerink S., Leeson T., Lefebvre X., Leggate H. J., Lehmann J., Lehnen M., Leichtle D., Leipold F., Lengar I., Lennholm M., Leon Gutierrez E., Lepiavko B., Leppanen J., Lerche E., Lescinskis A., Lewis J., Leysen W., Li L., Li Y., Likonen J., Linsmeier C., Lipschultz B., Litaudon X., Litherland-Smith E., Liu F., Loarer T., Loarte A., Lobel R., Lomanowski B., Lomas P. J., Lopez J. M., Lorenzini R., Loreti S., Losada U., Loschiavo V. P., Loughlin M., Louka Z., Lovell J., Lowe T., Lowry C., Lubbad S., Luce T., Lucock R., Luna C., de la Luna E., Lungaroni M., Lungu C. P., Lunt T., Lutsenko V., Lyons B., Lyssoivan A., Machielsen M., Macusova E., Maenpaa R., Maggi C. F., Maggiora R., Magness M., Mahesan S., Maier H., Mailloux J., Maingi R., Malinowski K., Manas P., Mantica P., Mantsinen M. J., Manyer J., Manzanares A., Maquet P., Marceca G., Marchetto C., Marchuk O., Mariani A., Mariano G., Marin M., Marinelli M., Markovic T., Marocco D., Marot L., Marsden S., Marsh J., Marshall R., Martellucci L., Martin A., Martin A. J., Martone R., Maruyama S., Maslov M., Masuzaki S., Matejcik S., Mattei M., Matthews G. F., Matveev D., Matveeva E., Mauriya A., Maviglia F., Mayer M., Mayoral M. -L., Mazzotta C., McAdams R., McCarthy P. J., McClements K. G., McClenaghan J., McCullen P., McDonald D. C., McGuckin D., McHugh D., McIntyre G., McKean R., McKehon J., McMillan B., McNamee L., McShee A., Meakins A., Medley S., Meekes C. 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R., Kotschenreuther M., Koubiti M., Kowalska-Strzeciwilk E., Koziol K., Krasilnikov V., Kresina M., Krieger K., Krishnan N., Krivska A., Kruezi U., Ksiazek I., Kukushkin A. B., Kumpulainen H., Kurki-Suonio T., Kurotaki H., Kwak S., Kwon O. J., Laguardia L., Lagzdina E., Lahtinen A., Laing A., Lam N., Lambertz H. T., Lane B., Lane C., Lascas Neto E., Laszynska E., Lawson K. D., Lazaros A., Lazzaro E., Learoyd G., Lee C., Lee S. E., Leerink S., Leeson T., Lefebvre X., Leggate H. J., Lehmann J., Lehnen M., Leichtle D., Leipold F., Lengar I., Lennholm M., Leon Gutierrez E., Lepiavko B., Leppanen J., Lerche E., Lescinskis A., Lewis J., Leysen W., Li L., Li Y., Likonen J., Linsmeier C., Lipschultz B., Litaudon X., Litherland-Smith E., Liu F., Loarer T., Loarte A., Lobel R., Lomanowski B., Lomas P. J., Lopez J. M., Lorenzini R., Loreti S., Losada U., Loschiavo V. P., Loughlin M., Louka Z., Lovell J., Lowe T., Lowry C., Lubbad S., Luce T., Lucock R., Luna C., de la Luna E., Lungaroni M., Lungu C. P., Lunt T., Lutsenko V., Lyons B., Lyssoivan A., Machielsen M., Macusova E., Maenpaa R., Maggi C. F., Maggiora R., Magness M., Mahesan S., Maier H., Mailloux J., Maingi R., Malinowski K., Manas P., Mantica P., Mantsinen M. J., Manyer J., Manzanares A., Maquet P., Marceca G., Marchetto C., Marchuk O., Mariani A., Mariano G., Marin M., Marinelli M., Markovic T., Marocco D., Marot L., Marsden S., Marsh J., Marshall R., Martellucci L., Martin A., Martin A. J., Martone R., Maruyama S., Maslov M., Masuzaki S., Matejcik S., Mattei M., Matthews G. F., Matveev D., Matveeva E., Mauriya A., Maviglia F., Mayer M., Mayoral M. -L., Mazzotta C., McAdams R., McCarthy P. J., McClements K. G., McClenaghan J., McCullen P., McDonald D. C., McGuckin D., McHugh D., McIntyre G., McKean R., McKehon J., McMillan B., McNamee L., McShee A., Meakins A., Medley S., Meekes C. J., Meghani K., Meigs A. G., Meisl G., Meitner S., Menmuir S., Mergia K., Merriman S., Mertens P., Messiaen A., Michling R., Middleton P., Middleton-Gear D., Mietelski J., Milanesio D., Milani E., Militello F., Militello Asp A., Milnes J., Milocco A., Miloshevsky G., Minghao C., Minucci S., Miron I., Miyamoto M., Mlynar J., Moiseenko V., Monaghan P., Monakhov I., Moody T., Moon S., Mooney R., Moradi S., Morales J., Morales R. B., Mordijck S., Moreira L., Morgan L., Moro F., Morris J., Morrison K. -M., Moser L., Moulton D., Mrowetz T., Mundy T., Muraglia M., Murari A., Muraro A., Muthusonai N., N'Konga B., Na Y. -S., Nabais F., Naden M., Naish J., Naish R., Napoli F., Nardon E., Naulin V., Nave M. F. F., Nedzelskiy I., Nestoras I., Neu R., Ng S., Nicassio M., Nielsen A. H., Nina D., Nishijima D., Noble C., Nobs C. R., Nodwell D., Nordlund K., Nordman H., Normanton R., Noterdaeme J. -M., Nowak S., Nunn E., Nystrom H., Oberparleiter M., Obryk B., O'Callaghan J., Odupitan T., Oliver H. J. C., Olney R., O'Mullane M., Organ E., Orsitto F., Orszagh J., Osborne T., Otin R., Otsuka T., Owen A., Oya Y., Oyaizu M., Paccagnella R., Pace N., Packer L. W., Paige S., Pajuste E., Palade D., Pamela S. J. P., Panadero N., Panontin E., Papadopoulos A., Papp G., Papp P., Parail V. V., Pardanaud C., Parisi J., Parra Diaz F., Parsloe A., Parsons M., Parsons N., Passeri M., Patel A., Pau A., Pautasso G., Pavlichenko R., Pavone A., Pawelec E., Soldan C. P., Peacock A., Pearce M., Peluso E., Penot C., Pepperell K., Pereira R., Pereira T., Cippo E. P., Pereslavtsev P., von Thun C. P., Pericoli V., Perry D., Peterka M., Petersson P., Petravich G., Petrella N., Peyman M., Pillon M., Pinches S., Pintsuk G., de Sa W. P., dos Reis A. P., Piron C., Piron L., Pironti A., Pitts R., van de Plassche K. L., Platt N., Plyusnin V., Podesta M., Pokol G., Poli F. M., Pompilian O. G., Popovichev S., Poradzinski M., Porfiri M. T., Porkolab M., Porosnicu C., Porton M., Poulipoulis G., Predebon I., Prestopino G., Price C., Price D., Price M., Primetzhofer D., Prior P., Provatas G., Pucella G., Puglia P., Purahoo K., Pusztai I., Putignano O., Putterich T., Quercia A., Rachlew E., Radulescu G., Radulovic V., Rainford M., Raj P., Ralph G., Ramogida G., Rasmussen D., Rasmussen J. J., Ratta G., Ratynskaia S., Rebai M., Refy D., Reichle R., Reinke M., Reiser D., Reux C., Reynolds S., Richiusa M. L., Richyal S., Rigamonti D., Rimini F. G., Risner J., Riva M., Rivero-Rodriguez J., Roach C. M., Robins R., Robinson S., Robson D., Rodrigues P., Rodriguez Ramos M., Rodriguez-Fernandez P., Romanelli F., Romanelli M., Romanelli S., Romazanov J., Rossi R., Rowe S., Rowlands D., Rubel M., Rubinacci G., Rubino G., Ruchko L., Ruiz M., Ruiz J. R., Ruset C., Rzadkiewicz J., Saarelma S., Safi E., Salewski M., Salmi A., Salmon R., Salzedas F., Sanders I., Sandiford D., Santos B., Santucci A., Sarkimaki K., Sarwar R., Sarychev I., Sauter O., Sauwan P., Scapin N., Schluck F., Schmid K., Schmuck S., Schneider M., Schneider P. A., Schworer D., Scott G., Scott M., Scraggs D., Scully S., Segato M., Seo J., Sergienko G., Sertoli M., Sharapov S. E., Shaw A., Sheikh H., Sheikh U., Shepherd A., Shigin P., Shinohara K., Shiraiwa S., Shiraki D., Short M., Sias G., Silburn S. A., Silva A., Silva C., Silva J., Silvagni D., Simfukwe D., Simpson J., Sinclair D., Sipila S. K., Sips A. C. C., Siren P., Sirinelli A., Sjostrand H., Skinner N., Slater J., Smith N., Smith P., Snell J., Snoep G., Snoj L., Snyder P., Soare S., Solano E. R., Solokha V., Somers A., Sommariva C., Soni K., Sorokovoy E., Sos M., Sousa J., Sozzi C., Spagnolo S., Spelzini T., Spineanu F., Spong D., Sprada D., Sridhar S., Srinivasan C., Stables G., Staebler G., Stamatelatos I., Staniec P., Stankunas G., Stead M., Stefanikova E., Stephen A., Stephens J., Stevenson P., Stojanov M., Strand P., Strauss H. R., Strikwerda S., Strom P., Stuart C. I., Studholme W., Subramani M., Suchkov E., Sumida S., Sun H. J., Susts T. E., Svensson J., Svoboda J., Sweeney R., Sytnykov D., Szabolics T., Tabia B., Tadic T., Tal B., Tala T., Tallargio A., Tamain P., Tan H., Tanaka K., Tang W., Tardocchi M., Taylor D., Teimane A. S., Telesca G., Teplukhina A., Terentyev D., Terra A., Terranova D., Terranova N., Testa D., Tholerus E., Thomas J., Thoren E., Thorman A., Tierens W., Tinguely R. A., Tipton A., Todd H., Tokitani M., Tolias P., Tomes M., Tookey A., Torikai Y., von Toussaint U., Tsavalas P., Tskhakaya D., Turner I., Turner M., Turner M. M., Turnyanskiy M., Tvalashvili G., Tyrrell S., Tyshchenko M., Uccello A., Udintsev V., Urbanczyk G., Vadgama A., Valcarcel D., Valisa M., Vallejos Olivares P., Vallhagen O., Valovic M., Van Eester D., Varje J., Vartanian S., Vasilopoulou T., Vayakis G., Vecsei M., Vega J., Ventre S., Verdoolaege G., Verona C., Rinati G. V., Veshchev E., Vianello N., Viezzer E., Vignitchouk L., Vila R., Villari R., Villone F., Vincenzi P., Viola B., Virtanen A. J., Vitins A., Vizvary Z., Vlad G., Vlad M., Vondracek P., de Vries P., Wakeling B., Walkden N. R., Walker M., Walker R., Walsh M., Wang E., Wang N., Warder S., Warren R., Waterhouse J., Watts C., Wauters T., Weckmann A., Wedderburn Maxwell H., Weiland M., Weisen H., Weiszflog M., Welch P., Wendler N., West A., Wheatley M., Wheeler S., Whitehead A., Whittaker D., Widdowson A., Wiesen S., Wilkinson J., Williams J. C., Willoughby D., Wilson I., Wilson J., Wilson T., Wischmeier M., Wise P., Withenshaw G., Withycombe A., Witts D., Wojcik-Gargula A., Wolfrum E., Wood R., Woodley C., Woodley R., Woods B., Wright J., Wright J. C., Xu T., Yadikin D., Yajima M., Yakovenko Y., Yang Y., Yanling W., Yanovskiy V., Young I., Young R., Zabolockis R. J., Zacks J., Zagorski R., Zaitsev F. S., Zakharov L., Zarins A., Zastrow K. -D., Zayachuk Y., Zerbini M., Zhang W., Zhou Y., Zlobinski M., Zocco A., Zohar A., Zoita V., Zoletnik S., Zotta V. K., Zoulias I., Zwingmann W., and Zychor I.
- Abstract
Alpha particles with energies on the order of megaelectronvolts will be the main source of plasma heating in future magnetic confinement fusion reactors. Instead of heating fuel ions, most of the energy of alpha particles is transferred to electrons in the plasma. Furthermore, alpha particles can also excite Alfvénic instabilities, which were previously considered to be detrimental to the performance of the fusion device. Here we report improved thermal ion confinement in the presence of megaelectronvolts ions and strong fast ion-driven Alfvénic instabilities in recent experiments on the Joint European Torus. Detailed transport analysis of these experiments reveals turbulence suppression through a complex multi-scale mechanism that generates large-scale zonal flows. This holds promise for more economical operation of fusion reactors with dominant alpha particle heating and ultimately cheaper fusion electricity.
- Published
- 2022
32. Collisional-radiative simulation of impurity assimilation, radiative collapse and MHD dynamics after ITER shattered pellet injection
- Author
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Hu, D., primary, Nardon, E., additional, Artola, F.J., additional, Lehnen, M., additional, Bonfiglio, D., additional, Hoelzl, M., additional, Huijsmans, G.T.A., additional, and Lee, S.-J., additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Beryllium melt instabilities and ejection during unmitigated current quenches in ITER
- Author
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Vignitchouk, Ladislas, Ratynskaia, Svetlana V., Pitts, R. A., Lehnen, M., Vignitchouk, Ladislas, Ratynskaia, Svetlana V., Pitts, R. A., and Lehnen, M.
- Abstract
The dynamics of transient liquid beryllium flows induced on the ITER first wall during the current quench stage of unmitigated vertical displacement events are modelled by means of two-dimensional Navier-Stokes simulations. The study focuses on melt that is driven to the first wall panels' chamfered edges, where free-surface instabilities are the most likely to be seeded. Beyond their impact on plasma-facing component damage, these instabilities potentially result in material ejection in the form of droplets, which may ultimately solidify into dust and accumulate in the vessel. Based on prior integrated numerical predictions of quenching magnetic equilibria, wall energy deposition and melt-related damage in a concrete worst-case disruption scenario, the simulations suggest that, although the liquid layer is significantly destabilized, only 5% of the total melt mass created on the wall surface is lost through ejection. This result can serve as a basis to refine the estimates of the real transient-induced beryllium dust inventory expected in ITER., QC 20221212
- Published
- 2023
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34. Acceleration of Cryogenic Pellets for Shattered Pellet Injection
- Author
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Kovács, Ákos, primary, Zoletnik, Sándor, additional, Réfy, Dániel, additional, Papp, Gergely, additional, Hegedűs, Sándor, additional, Szepesi, Tamás, additional, Walcz, Erik, additional, Jachmich, S., additional, Kruezi, Uron, additional, Dibon, Mathias, additional, de Marné, Pascal, additional, Heinrich, Paul, additional, Peherstorfer, Tobias, additional, and Lehnen, M., additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Divertor plasma conditions and neutral dynamics in horizontal and vertical divertor configurations in JET-ILW low confinement mode plasmas
- Author
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Groth, M., Brezinsek, S., Belo, P., Brix, M., Calabro, G., Chankin, A., Clever, M., Coenen, J.W., Corrigan, G., Drewelow, P., Guillemaut, C., Harting, D., Huber, A., Jachmich, S., Järvinen, A., Kruezi, U., Lawson, K.D., Lehnen, M., Maggi, C.F., Marchetto, C., Marsen, S., Maviglia, F., Meigs, A.G., Moulton, D., Silva, C., Stamp, M.F., and Wiesen, S.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Final case for a stainless steel diagnostic first wall on ITER
- Author
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Pitts, R.A., Bazylev, B., Linke, J., Landman, I., Lehnen, M., Loesser, D., Loewenhoff, Th., Merola, M., Roccella, R., Saibene, G., Smith, M., and Udintsev, V.S.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Disruptions in ITER and strategies for their control and mitigation
- Author
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Lehnen, M., Aleynikova, K., Aleynikov, P.B., Campbell, D.J., Drewelow, P., Eidietis, N.W., Gasparyan, Yu., Granetz, R.S., Gribov, Y., Hartmann, N., Hollmann, E.M., Izzo, V.A., Jachmich, S., Kim, S.-H., Kočan, M., Koslowski, H.R., Kovalenko, D., Kruezi, U., Loarte, A., Maruyama, S., Matthews, G.F., Parks, P.B., Pautasso, G., Pitts, R.A., Reux, C., Riccardo, V., Roccella, R., Snipes, J.A., Thornton, A.J., and de Vries, P.C.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Runaway beam studies during disruptions at JET-ILW
- Author
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Reux, C., Plyusnin, V., Alper, B., Alves, D., Bazylev, B., Belonohy, E., Brezinsek, S., Decker, J., Devaux, S., de Vries, P., Fil, A., Gerasimov, S., Lupelli, I., Jachmich, S., Khilkevitch, E.M., Kiptily, V., Koslowski, R., Kruezi, U., Lehnen, M., Manzanares, A., Mlynář, J., Nardon, E., Nilsson, E., Riccardo, V., Saint-Laurent, F., Shevelev, A.E., and Sozzi, C.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Beryllium melt instabilities and ejection during unmitigated current quenches in ITER
- Author
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Vignitchouk, L., primary, Ratynskaia, S., additional, Pitts, R.A., additional, and Lehnen, M., additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Digitale Präventionsmaßnahmen bei arterieller Hypertonie: Ein Mixed-Methods-Studienprotokoll
- Author
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Bruch, D, Muehlensiepen, F, May, S, Wengemuth, E, Johannsen, O, Reber, KC, Fleige, G, Middeke, M, Albes, J, Heinze, M, Lehnen, M, and Spethmann, S
- Subjects
ddc: 610 ,Medicine and health - Abstract
Hintergrund und Forschungsstand: Bluthochdruck ist ein zentraler Risikofaktor für verschiedene Erkrankungen und kardiovaskuläre Ereignisse. Neben individuellen Risiken zeigen sich regionale Unterschiede: Bluthochdruck ist in Flächenländern überdurchschnittlich ausgeprägt [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Transport simulations of pre-thermal quench shattered pellet injection in ITER: code verification and assessment of key trends
- Author
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Matsuyama, A, primary, Hu, D, additional, Lehnen, M, additional, Nardon, E, additional, and Artola, J, additional
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Disruption prediction with artificial intelligence techniques in tokamak plasmas
- Author
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Vega, J., Murari, A., Dormido-Canto, S., Rattá, G. A., Gelfusa, M., Mailloux, J., Abid, N., Abraham, K., Abreu, P., Adabonyan, O., Adrich, P., Afanasev, V., Afzal, M., Ahlgren, T., Aho-Mantila, L., Aiba, N., Airila, M., Akhtar, M., Albanese, R., Alderson-Martin, M., Alegre, D., Aleiferis, S., Aleksa, A., Alekseev, A. G., Alessi, E., Aleynikov, P., Algualcil, J., Ali, M., Allinson, M., Alper, B., Alves, E., Ambrosino, G., Ambrosino, R., Amosov, V., Andersson Sundén, E., Andrew, P., Angelini, B. M., Angioni, C., Antoniou, I., Appel, L. C., Appelbee, C., Aria, S., Ariola, M., Artaserse, G., Arter, W., Artigues, V., Asakura, N., Ash, A., Ashikawa, N., Aslanyan, V., Astrain, M., Asztalos, O., Auld, D., Auriemma, F., Austin, Y., Avotina, L., Aymerich, E., Baciero, A., Bairaktaris, F., Balbin, J., Balbinot, L., Balboa, I., Balden, M., Balshaw, C., Balshaw, N., Bandaru, V. K., Banks, J., Baranov, Yu. F., Barcellona, C., Barnard, A., Barnard, M., Barnsley, R., Barth, A., Baruzzo, M., Barwell, S., Bassan, M., Batista, A., Batistoni, P., Baumane, L., Bauvir, B., Baylor, L., Beaumont, P. S., Beckett, D., Begolli, A., Beidler, M., Bekris, N., Beldishevski, M., Belli, E., Belli, F., Belonohy, É., Ben Yaala, M., Benayas, J., Bentley, J., Bergsaker, H., Bernardo, J., Bernert, M., Berry, M., Bertalot, L., Betar, H., Beurskens, M., Bickerton, S., Bieg, B., Bielecki, J., Bierwage, A., Biewer, T., Bilato, R., Bílková, P., Birkenmeier, G., Bishop, H., Bizarro, J. P. S., Blackburn, J., Blanchard, P., Blatchford, P., Bobkov, V., Boboc, A., Bohm, P., Bohm, T., Bolshakova, I., Bolzonella, T., Bonanomi, N., Bonfiglio, D., Bonnin, X., Bonofiglo, P., Boocock, S., Booth, A., Booth, J., Borba, D., Borodin, D., Borodkina, I., Boulbe, C., Bourdelle, C., Bowden, M., Boyd, K., Božičević Mihalić, I., Bradnam, S. C., Braic, V., Brandt, L., Bravanec, R., Breizman, B., Brett, A., Brezinsek, S., Brix, M., Bromley, K., Brown, B., Brunetti, D., Buckingham, R., Buckley, M., Budny, R., Buermans, J., Bufferand, H., Buratti, P., Burgess, A., Buscarino, A., Busse, A., Butcher, D., de la Cal, E., Calabro, G., Calacci, L., Calado, R., Camenen, Y., Canal, G., Cannas, B., Cappelli, M., Carcangiu, S., Card, P., Cardinali, A., Carman, P., Carnevale, D., Carr, M., Carralero, D., Carraro, L., Carvalho, I. S., Carvalho, P., Casiraghi, I., Casson, F. J., Castaldo, C., Catalan, J. P., Catarino, N., Causa, F., Cavedon, M., Cecconello, M., Challis, C. D., Chamberlain, B., Chang, C. S., Chankin, A., Chapman, B., Chernyshova, M., Chiariello, A., Chmielewski, P., Chomiczewska, A., Chone, L., Ciraolo, G., Ciric, D., Citrin, J., Ciupinski, T., Clark, M., Clarkson, R., Clements, C., Cleverly, M., Coad, J. P., Coates, P., Cobalt, A., Coccorese, V., Coelho, R., Coenen, J. W., Coffey, I. H., Colangeli, A., Colas, L., Collins, C., Collins, J., Collins, S., Conka, D., Conroy, S., Conway, B., Conway, N. J., Coombs, D., Cooper, P., Cooper, S., Corradino, C., Corrigan, G., Coster, D., Cox, P., Craciunescu, T., Cramp, S., Crapper, C., Craven, D., Craven, R., Crialesi Esposito, M., Croci, G., Croft, D., Croitoru, A., Crombé, K., Cronin, T., Cruz, N., Crystal, C., Cseh, G., Cufar, A., Cullen, A., Curuia, M., Czarski, T., Dabirikhah, H., Dal Molin, A., Dale, E., Dalgliesh, P., Dalley, S., Dankowski, J., David, P., Davies, A., Davies, S., Davis, G., Dawson, K., Dawson, S., Day, I. E., De Bock, M., De Temmerman, G., De Tommasi, G., Deakin, K., Deane, J., Dejarnac, R., Del Sarto, D., Delabie, E., Del-Castillo-Negrete, D., Dempsey, A., Dendy, R. O., Devynck, P., Di Siena, A., Di Troia, C., Dickson, T., Dinca, P., Dittmar, T., Dobrashian, J., Doerner, R. P., Donné, A. J. H., Dorling, S., Douai, D., Dowson, S., Doyle, R., Dreval, M., Drewelow, P., Drews, P., Drummond, G., Duckworth, Ph., Dudding, H., Dumont, R., Dumortier, P., Dunai, D., Dunatov, T., Dunne, M., Duran, I., Durodié, F., Dux, R., Dvornova, A., Eastham, R., Edwards, J., Eich, Th., Eichorn, A., Eidietis, N., Eksaeva, A., El Haroun, H., Ellwood, G., Elsmore, C., Embreus, O., Emery, S., Ericsson, G., Eriksson, B., Eriksson, F., Eriksson, J., Eriksson, L. G., Ertmer, S., Esquembri, S., Esquisabel, A. L., Estrada, T., Evans, G., Evans, S., Fable, E., Fagan, D., Faitsch, M., Falessi, M., Fanni, A., Farahani, A., Farquhar, I., Fasoli, A., Faugeras, B., Fazinié, S., Felici, F., Felton, R., Fernandes, A., Fernandes, H., Ferrand, J., Ferreira, D. R., Ferreira, J., Ferro, G., Fessey, J., Ficker, O., Field, A. R., Figueiredo, A., Figueiredo, J., Fil, A., Fil, N., Finburg, P., Fiorucci, D., Fischer, U., Fishpool, G., Fittill, L., Fitzgerald, M., Flammini, D., Flanagan, J., Flinders, K., Foley, S., Fonnesu, N., Fontana, M., Fontdecaba, J. M., Forbes, S., Formisano, A., Fornal, T., Fortuna, L., Fortuna-Zalesna, E., Fortune, M., Fowler, C., Fransson, E., Frassinetti, L., Freisinger, M., Fresa, R., Fridstrom, R., Frigione, D., Fülop, T., Furseman, M., Fusco, V., Futatani, S., Gadariya, D., Gál, K., Galassi, D., Gafézka, K., Galeani, S., Gallart, D., Galvao, R., Gao, Y., Garcia, J., García-Muñoz, M., Gardener, M., Garzotti, L., Gaspar, J., Gatto, R., Gaudio, P., Gear, D., Gebhart, T., Gee, S., George, R., Gerasimov, S. N., Gervasini, G., Gethins, M., Ghani, Z., Gherendi, M., Ghezzi, F., Giacalone, J. C., Giacomelli, L., Giacometti, G., Gibson, C., Gibson, K. J., Gil, L., Gillgren, A., Gin, D., Giovannozzi, E., Giroud, C., Glen, R., Gloggler, S., Goff, J., Gohil, P., Goloborodko, V., Gomes, R., Gonçalves, B., Goniche, M., Goodyear, A., Gore, S., Gorini, G., Gorler, T., Gotts, N., Goulding, R., Gow, E., Graham, B., Graves, J. P., Greuner, H., Grierson, B., Griffiths, J., Griph, S., Grist, D., Gromelski, W., Groth, M., Grove, R., Gruca, M., Guard, D., Gupta, N., Gurl, C., Gusarov, A., Hackett, L., Hacquin, S., Hager, R., Hagg, L., Hakola, A., Halitovs, M., Hall, S., Hall, S. A., Hallworth-Cook, S., Ham, C. J., Hamaguchi, D., Hamed, M., Hamlyn-Harris, C., Hammond, K., Harford, E., Harrison, J. R., Harting, D., Hatano, Y., Hatch, D. R., Haupt, T., Hawes, J., Hawkes, N. C., Hawkins, J., Hayashi, T., Hazael, S., Hazel, S., Heesterman, P., Heidbrink, B., Helou, W., Hemming, O., Henderson, S. S., Henriques, R. B., Hepple, D., Herfindal, J., Hermon, G., Hill, J., Hillesheim, J. C., Hizanidis, K., Hjalmarsson, A., Ho, A., Hobirk, J., Hoenen, O., Hogben, C., Hollingsworth, A., Hollis, S., Hollmann, E., Holzl, M., Homan, B., Hook, M., Hopley, D., Horá:ek, J., Horsley, D., Horsten, N., Horton, A., Horton, L. D., Horvath, L., Hotchin, S., Howell, R., Hu, Z., Huber, A., Huber, V., Huddleston, T., Huijsmans, G. T. A., Huynh, P., Hynes, A., Iliasova, M., Lmrie, D., Lmrísek, M., Lngleby, J., Innocente, P., Insulander Björk, K., Isernia, N., lvanova-Stanik, I., Lvings, E., Jablonski, S., Jachmich, S., Jackson, T., Jacquet, P., Järleblad, H., Jaulmes, F., Jenaro Rodriguez, J., Jepu, I., Joffrin, E., Johnson, R., Johnson, T., Johnston, J., Jones, C., Jones, G., Jones, L., Jones, N., Jones, T., Joyce, A., Juarez, R., Juvonen, M., Kalnina, P., Kaltiaisenaho, T., Kaniewski, J., Kantor, A., Kappatou, A., Karhunen, J., Karkinsky, D., Kashchuk, Yu, Kaufman, M., Kaveney, G., Kazakov, Y. E. O., Kazantzidis, V., Keeling, D. L., Kelly, R., Kempenaars, M., Kennedy, C., Kennedy, D., Kent, J., Khan, K., Khilkevich, E., Kiefer, C., Kilpeläinen, J., Kim, C., Hyun-Tae, Kim, Kim, S. H., King, D. B., King, R., Kinna, D., Kiptily, V. G., Kirjasuo, A., Kirov, K. K., Kirschner, A., Kiviniemi, T., Kizane, G., Klas, M., Klepper, C., Klix, A., Kneale, G., Knight, M., Knight, P., Knights, R., Knipe, S., Knolker, M., Knott, S., Kocan, M., Kochl, F., Kodeli, I., Kolesnichenko, Y., Kominis, Y., Kong, M., Korovin, V., Kos, B., Kos, D., Koslowski, H. R., Kotschenreuther, M., Koubiti, M., Kowalska-Strzęciwilk, E., Koziol, K., Krasilnikov, A., Krasilnikov, V., Kresina, M., Krieger, K., Krishnan, N., Krivska, A., Kruezi, U., Ksiézek, I., Kukushkin, A. B., Kumpulainen, H., Kurki-Suonio, T., Kurotaki, H., Kwak, S., Kwon, O. J., Laguardia, L., Lagzdina, E., Lahtinen, A., Laing, A., Lam, N., Lambertz, H. T., Lane, B., Lane, C., Lascas Neto, E., Łaszyríska, E., Lawson, K. D., Lazaros, A., Lazzaro, E., Learoyd, G., Chanyoung, Lee, Lee, S. E., Leerink, S., Leeson, T., Lefebvre, X., Leggate, H. J., Lehmann, J., Lehnen, M., Leichtle, D., Leipold, F., Lengar, I., Lennholm, M., Leon Gutierrez, E., Lepiavko, B., Leppanen, J., Lerche, E., Lescinskis, A., Lewis, J., Leysen, W., Li, L., Li, Y., Likonen, J., Linsmeier, Ch., Lipschultz, B., Litaudon, X., Litherland-Smith, E., Liu, F., Loarer, T., Loarte, A., Lobel, R., Lomanowski, B., Lomas, P. J., López, J. M., Lorenzini, R., Loreti, S., Losada, U., Loschiavo, V. P., Loughlin, M., Louka, Z., Lovell, J., Lowe, T., Lowry, C., Lubbad, S., Luce, T., Lucock, R., Lukin, A., Luna, C., de la Luna, E., Lungaroni, M., Lungu, C. P., Lunt, T., Lutsenko, V., Lyons, B., Lyssoivan, A., Machielsen, M., Macusova, E., Mäenpää, R., Maggi, C. F., Maggiora, R., Magness, M., Mahesan, S., Maier, H., Maingi, R., Malinowski, K., Manas, P., Mantica, P., Mantsinen, M. J., Manyer, J., Manzanares, A., Maquet, Ph., Marceca, G., Marcenko, N., Marchetto, C., Marchuk, O., Mariani, A., Mariano, G., Marin, M., Marinelli, M., Markovič, T., Marocco, D., Marot, L., Marsden, S., Marsh, J., Marshall, R., Martellucci, L., Martin, A., Martin, A. J., Martone, R., Maruyama, S., Maslov, M., Masuzaki, S., Matejcik, S., Mattei, M., Matthews, G. F., Matveev, D., Matveeva, E., Mauriya, A., Maviglia, F., Mayer, M., Mayoral, M-L., Mazzi, S., Mazzotta, C., Mcadams, R., Mccarthy, P. J., Mcclements, K. G., Mcclenaghan, J., Mccullen, P., Mcdonald, D. C., Mcguckin, D., Mchugh, D., Mclntyre, G., Mckean, R., Mckehon, J., Mcmillan, B., Mcnamee, L., Mcshee, A., Meakins, A., Medley, S., Meekes, C. J., Meghani, K., Meigs, A. G., Meisl, G., Meitner, S., Menmuir, S., Mergia, K., Merriman, S., Mertens, Ph., Meshchaninov, S., Messiaen, A., Michling, R., Middleton, P., Middleton-Gear, D., Mietelski, J., Milanesio, D., Milani, E., Militello, F., Militello Asp, A., Milnes, J., Milocco, A., Miloshevsky, G., Minghao, C., Minucci, S., Miron, I., Miyamoto, M., Mlynář, J., Moiseenko, V., Monaghan, P., Monakhov, I., Moody, T., Moon, S., Mooney, R., Moradi, S., Morales, J., Morales, R. B., Mordijck, S., Moreira, L., Morgan, L., Moro, F., Morris, J., Morrison, K-M., Moser, L., Moulton, D., Mrowetz, T., Mundy, T., Muraglia, M., Muraro, A., Muthusonai, N., N’Konga, B., Yong-Su, Na, Nabais, F., Naden, M., Naish, J., Naish, R., Napoli, F., Nardon, E., Naulin, V., Nave, M. F. F., Nedzelskiy, I., Nemtsev, G., Nesenevich, V., Nestoras, I., Neu, R., Neverov, V. S., Ng, S., Nicassio, M., Nielsen, A. H., Nina, D., Nishijima, D., Noble, C., Nobs, C. R., Nocente, M., Nodwell, D., Nordlund, K., Nordman, H., Normanton, R., Noterdaeme, J. M., Nowak, S., Nunn, E., Nystrom, H., Oberparleiter, M., Obryk, B., O’Callaghan, J., Odupitan, T., Oliver, H. J. C., Olney, R., O’Mullane, M., Ongena, J., Organ, E., Orsitto, F., Orszagh, J., Osborne, T., Otin, R., Otsuka, T., Owen, A., Oya, Y., Oyaizu, M., Paccagnella, R., Pace, N., Packer, L. W., Paige, S., Pajuste, E., Palade, D., Pamela, S. J. P., Panadero, N., Panontin, E., Papadopoulos, A., Papp, G., Papp, P., Parail, V. V., Pardanaud, C., Parisi, J., Parra Diaz, F., Parsloe, A., Parsons, M., Parsons, N., Passeri, M., Patel, A., Pau, A., Pautasso, G., Pavlichenko, R., Pavone, A., Pawelec, E., Paz Soldan, C., Peacock, A., Pearce, M., Peluso, E., Penot, C., Pepperell, K., Pereira, R., Pereira, T., Perelli Cippo, E., Pereslavtsev, P., Perez von Thun, C., Pericoli, V., Perry, D., Peterka, M., Petersson, P., Petravich, G., Petrella, N., Peyman, M., Pillon, M., Pinches, S., Pintsuk, G., Pires de Sá, W., Pires dos Reis, A., Piron, C., Piron, L., Pironti, A., Pitts, R., van de Plassche, K. L., Platt, N., Plyusnin, V., Podesta, M., Pokol, G., Poli, F. M., Pompilian, O. G., Popovichev, S., Poradziński, M., Porfiri, M. T., Porkolab, M., Porosnicu, C., Porton, M., Poulipoulis, G., Predebon, I., Prestopino, G., Price, C., Price, D., Price, M., Primetzhofer, D., Prior, P., Provatas, G., Pucella, G., Puglia, P., Purahoo, K., Pusztai, I., Putignano, O., Pütterich, T., Quercia, A., Rachlew, E., Radulescu, G., Radulovic, V., Rainford, M., Raj, P., Ralph, G., Ramogida, G., Rasmussen, D., Rasmussen, J. J., Rattá, G., Ratynskaia, S., Rebai, M., Réfy, D., Reichle, R., Reinke, M., Reiser, D., Reux, C., Reynolds, S., Richiusa, M. L., Richyal, S., Rigamonti, D., Rimini, F. G., Risner, J., Riva, M., Rivero-Rodriguez, J., Roach, C. M., Robins, R., Robinson, S., Robson, D., Rodionov, R., Rodrigues, P., Rodriguez Ramos, M., Rodriguez-Fernandez, P., Romanelli, F., Romanelli, M., Romanelli, S., Romazanov, J., Rossi, R., Rowe, S., Rowlands, D., Rubel, M., Rubinacci, G., Rubino, G., Ruchko, L., Ruiz, M., Ruiz Ruiz, J., Ruset, C., Rzadkiewicz, J., Saarelma, S., Safi, E., Sahlberg, A., Salewski, M., Salmi, A., Salmon, R., Salzedas, F., Sanders, I., Sandiford, D., Santos, B., Santucci, A., Sarkimaki, K., Sarwar, R., Sarychev, I., Sauter, O., Sauwan, P., Scapin, N., Schluck, F., Schmid, K., Schmuck, S., Schneider, M., Schneider, P. A., Schworer, D., Scott, G., Scott, M., Scraggs, D., Scully, S., Segato, M., Jaemin, Seo, Sergienko, G., Sertoli, M., Sharapov, S. E., Shaw, A., Sheikh, H., Sheikh, U., Shepherd, A., Shevelev, A., Shigin, P., Shinohara, K., Shiraiwa, S., Shiraki, D., Short, M., Sias, G., Silburn, S. A., Silva, A., Silva, C., Silva, J., Silvagni, D., Simfukwe, D., Simpson, J., Sinclair, D., Sipilä, S. K., Sips, A. C. C., Sirén, P., Sirinelli, A., Sjöstrand, H., Skinner, N., Slater, J., Smith, N., Smith, P., Snell, J., Snoep, G., Snoj, L., Snyder, P., Soare, S., Solano, E. R., Solokha, V., Somers, A., Sommariva, C., Soni, K., Sorokovoy, E., Sos, M., Sousa, J., Sozzi, C., Spagnolo, S., Spelzini, T., Spineanu, F., Spong, D., Sprada, D., Sridhar, S., Srinivasan, C., Stables, G., Staebler, G., Stamatelatos, I., Stancar, Z., Staniec, P., Stankūnas, G., Stead, M., Stefanikova, E., Stephen, A., Stephens, J., Stevenson, P., Stojanov, M., Strand, P., Strauss, H. R., Strikwerda, S., Ström, P., Stuart, C. I., Studholme, W., Subramani, M., Suchkov, E., Sumida, S., Sun, H. J., Susts, T. E., Svensson, J., Svoboda, J., Sweeney, R., Sytnykov, D., Szabolics, T., Szepesi, G., Tabia, B., Tadić, T., Tál, B., Tala, T., Tallargio, A., Tamain, P., Tan, H., Tanaka, K., Tang, W., Tardocchi, M., Taylor, D., Teimane, A. S., Telesca, G., Teplova, N., Teplukhina, A., Terentyev, D., Terra, A., Terranova, D., Terranova, N., Testa, D., Tholerus, E., Thomas, J., Thoren, E., Thorman, A., Tierens, W., Tinguely, R. A., Tipton, A., Todd, H., Tokitani, M., Tolias, P., Tomes, M., Tookey, A., Torikai, Y., von Toussaint, U., Tsavalas, P., Tskhakaya, D., Turner, I., Turner, M., Turner, M. M., Turnyanskiy, M., Tvalashvili, G., Tyrrell, S., Tyshchenko, M., Uccello, A., Udintsev, V., Urbanczyk, G., Vadgama, A., Valcarcel, D., Valisa, M., Vallejos Olivares, P., Vallhagen, O., Valovič, M., Van Eester, D., Varje, J., Vartanian, S., Vasilopoulou, T., Vayakis, G., Vecsei, M., Ventre, S., Verdoolaege, G., Verona, C., Verona Rinati, G., Veshchev, E., Vianello, N., Viezzer, E., Vignitchouk, L., Vila, R., Villari, R., Villone, F., Vincenzi, P., Vinyar, I., Viola, B., Virtanen, A. J., Vitins, A., Vizvary, Z., Vlad, G., Vlad, M., Vondráček, P., de Vries, P., Wakeling, B., Walkden, N. R., Walker, M., Walker, R., Walsh, M., Wang, E., Wang, N., Warder, S., Warren, R., Waterhouse, J., Watts, C., Wauters, T., Weckmann, A., Wedderburn Maxwell, H., Weiland, M., Weisen, H., Weiszflog, M., Welch, P., Wendler, N., West, A., Wheatley, M., Wheeler, S., Whitehead, A., Whittaker, D., Widdowson, A., Wiesen, S., Wilkinson, J., Williams, J. C., Willoughby, D., Wilson, I., Wilson, J., Wilson, T., Wischmeier, M., Wise, P., Withenshaw, G., Withycombe, A., Witts, D., Wojcik-Gargula, A., Wolfrum, E., Wood, R., Woodley, C., Woodley, R., Woods, B., Wright, J., Wright, J. C., Xu, T., Yadikin, D., Yajima, M., Yakovenko, Y., Yang, Y., Yanling, W., Yanovskiy, V., Young, I., Young, R., Zabolockis, R. J., Zacks, J., Zagorski, R., Zaitsev, F. S., Zakharov, L., Zarins, A., Zarzoso Fernandez, D., Zastrow, K. -D., Zayachuk, Y., Zerbini, M., Zhang, W., Zhou, Y., Zlobinski, M., Zocco, A., Zohar, A., Zoita, V., Zoletnik, S., Zotta, V. K., Zoulias, I., Zwingmann &, Zychor, I., Vega, J, Murari, A, Dormido-Canto, S, Ratta, Ga, Gelfusa, M, Chiariello, A, JET Contributors, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Culham Science Centre, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Uppsala University, European Commission, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Universidade Lisboa, Fusion and Plasma Physics, University of Milan - Bicocca, University of Helsinki, General Atomics, ITER, University of Toyama, CEA, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Technical University of Madrid, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, Royal Military Academy, Seoul National University, Chalmers University of Technology, Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Science and Technology of Nuclear Fusion, EIRES Eng. for Sustainable Energy Systems, Magneto-Hydro-Dynamic Stability of Fusion Plasmas, Vega, J., Murari, A., Dormido-Canto, S., Ratta, G. A., Gelfusa, M., Mailloux, J., Abid, N., Abraham, K., Abreu, P., Adabonyan, O., Adrich, P., Afanasev, V., Afzal, M., Ahlgren, T., Aho-Mantila, L., Aiba, N., Airila, M., Akhtar, M., Albanese, R., Alderson-Martin, M., Alegre, D., Aleiferis, S., Aleksa, A., Alekseev, A. G., Alessi, E., Aleynikov, P., Algualcil, J., Ali, M., Allinson, M., Alper, B., Alves, E., Ambrosino, G., Ambrosino, R., Amosov, V., Sunden, E. A., Andrew, P., Angelini, B. M., Angioni, C., Antoniou, I., Appel, L. C., Appelbee, C., Aria, S., Ariola, M., Artaserse, G., Arter, W., Artigues, V., Asakura, N., Ash, A., Ashikawa, N., Aslanyan, V., Astrain, M., Asztalos, O., Auld, D., Auriemma, F., Austin, Y., Avotina, L., Aymerich, E., Baciero, A., Bairaktaris, F., Balbin, J., Balbinot, L., Balboa, I., Balden, M., Balshaw, C., Balshaw, N., Bandaru, V. K., Banks, J., Baranov, Y. F., Barcellona, C., Barnard, A., Barnard, M., Barnsley, R., Barth, A., Baruzzo, M., Barwell, S., Bassan, M., Batista, A., Batistoni, P., Baumane, L., Bauvir, B., Baylor, L., Beaumont, P. S., Beckett, D., Begolli, A., Beidler, M., Bekris, N., Beldishevski, M., Belli, E., Belli, F., Belonohy, E., Yaala, M. B., Benayas, J., Bentley, J., Bergsaker, H., Bernardo, J., Bernert, M., Berry, M., Bertalot, L., Betar, H., Beurskens, M., Bickerton, S., Bieg, B., Bielecki, J., Bierwage, A., Biewer, T., Bilato, R., Bilkova, P., Birkenmeier, G., Bishop, H., Bizarro, J. P. S., Blackburn, J., Blanchard, P., Blatchford, P., Bobkov, V., Boboc, A., Bohm, P., Bohm, T., Bolshakova, I., Bolzonella, T., Bonanomi, N., Bonfiglio, D., Bonnin, X., Bonofiglo, P., Boocock, S., Booth, A., Booth, J., Borba, D., Borodin, D., Borodkina, I., Boulbe, C., Bourdelle, C., Bowden, M., Boyd, K., Bozicevic Mihalic, I., Bradnam, S. C., Braic, V., Brandt, L., Bravanec, R., Breizman, B., Brett, A., Brezinsek, S., Brix, M., Bromley, K., Brown, B., Brunetti, D., Buckingham, R., Buckley, M., Budny, R., Buermans, J., Bufferand, H., Buratti, P., Burgess, A., Buscarino, A., Busse, A., Butcher, D., de la Cal, E., Calabro, G., Calacci, L., Calado, R., Camenen, Y., Canal, G., Cannas, B., Cappelli, M., Carcangiu, S., Card, P., Cardinali, A., Carman, P., Carnevale, D., Carr, M., Carralero, D., Carraro, L., Carvalho, I. S., Carvalho, P., Casiraghi, I., Casson, F. J., Castaldo, C., Catalan, J. P., Catarino, N., Causa, F., Cavedon, M., Cecconello, M., Challis, C. D., Chamberlain, B., Chang, C. S., Chankin, A., Chapman, B., Chernyshova, M., Chiariello, A., Chmielewski, P., Chomiczewska, A., Chone, L., Ciraolo, G., Ciric, D., Citrin, J., Ciupinski, T., Clark, M., Clarkson, R., Clements, C., Cleverly, M., Coad, J. P., Coates, P., Cobalt, A., Coccorese, V., Coelho, R., Coenen, J. W., Coffey, I. H., Colangeli, A., Colas, L., Collins, C., Collins, J., Collins, S., Conka, D., Conroy, S., Conway, B., Conway, N. J., Coombs, D., Cooper, P., Cooper, S., Corradino, C., Corrigan, G., Coster, D., Cox, P., Craciunescu, T., Cramp, S., Crapper, C., Craven, D., Craven, R., Esposito, M. C., Croci, G., Croft, D., Croitoru, A., Crombe, K., Cronin, T., Cruz, N., Crystal, C., Cseh, G., Cufar, A., Cullen, A., Curuia, M., Czarski, T., Dabirikhah, H., Dal Molin, A., Dale, E., Dalgliesh, P., Dalley, S., Dankowski, J., David, P., Davies, A., Davies, S., Davis, G., Dawson, K., Dawson, S., Day, I. E., De Bock, M., De Temmerman, G., De Tommasi, G., Deakin, K., Deane, J., Dejarnac, R., Del Sarto, D., Delabie, E., Del-Castillo-Negrete, D., Dempsey, A., Dendy, R. O., Devynck, P., Di Siena, A., Di Troia, C., Dickson, T., Dinca, P., Dittmar, T., Dobrashian, J., Doerner, R. P., Donne, A. J. H., Dorling, S., Douai, D., Dowson, S., Doyle, R., Dreval, M., Drewelow, P., Drews, P., Drummond, G., Duckworth, P., Dudding, H., Dumont, R., Dumortier, P., Dunai, D., Dunatov, T., Dunne, M., Duran, I., Durodie, F., Dux, R., Dvornova, A., Eastham, R., Edwards, J., Eich, T., Eichorn, A., Eidietis, N., Eksaeva, A., El Haroun, H., Ellwood, G., Elsmore, C., Embreus, O., Emery, S., Ericsson, G., Eriksson, B., Eriksson, F., Eriksson, J., Eriksson, L. G., Ertmer, S., Esquembri, S., Esquisabel, A. L., Estrada, T., Evans, G., Evans, S., Fable, E., Fagan, D., Faitsch, M., Falessi, M., Fanni, A., Farahani, A., Farquhar, I., Fasoli, A., Faugeras, B., Fazinie, S., Felici, F., Felton, R., Fernandes, A., Fernandes, H., Ferrand, J., Ferreira, D. R., Ferreira, J., Ferro, G., Fessey, J., Ficker, O., Field, A. R., Figueiredo, A., Figueiredo, J., Fil, A., Fil, N., Finburg, P., Fiorucci, D., Fischer, U., Fishpool, G., Fittill, L., Fitzgerald, M., Flammini, D., Flanagan, J., Flinders, K., Foley, S., Fonnesu, N., Fontana, M., Fontdecaba, J. M., Forbes, S., Formisano, A., Fornal, T., Fortuna, L., Fortuna-Zalesna, E., Fortune, M., Fowler, C., Fransson, E., Frassinetti, L., Freisinger, M., Fresa, R., Fridstrom, R., Frigione, D., Fulop, T., Furseman, M., Fusco, V., Futatani, S., Gadariya, D., Gal, K., Galassi, D., Gafezka, K., Galeani, S., Gallart, D., Galvao, R., Gao, Y., Garcia, J., Garcia-Munoz, M., Gardener, M., Garzotti, L., Gaspar, J., Gatto, R., Gaudio, P., Gear, D., Gebhart, T., Gee, S., George, R., Gerasimov, S. N., Gervasini, G., Gethins, M., Ghani, Z., Gherendi, M., Ghezzi, F., Giacalone, J. C., Giacomelli, L., Giacometti, G., Gibson, C., Gibson, K. J., Gil, L., Gillgren, A., Gin, D., Giovannozzi, E., Giroud, C., Glen, R., Gloggler, S., Goff, J., Gohil, P., Goloborodko, V., Gomes, R., Goncalves, B., Goniche, M., Goodyear, A., Gore, S., Gorini, G., Gorler, T., Gotts, N., Goulding, R., Gow, E., Graham, B., Graves, J. P., Greuner, H., Grierson, B., Griffiths, J., Griph, S., Grist, D., Gromelski, W., Groth, M., Grove, R., Gruca, M., Guard, D., Gupta, N., Gurl, C., Gusarov, A., Hackett, L., Hacquin, S., Hager, R., Hagg, L., Hakola, A., Halitovs, M., Hall, S., Hall, S. A., Hallworth-Cook, S., Ham, C. J., Hamaguchi, D., Hamed, M., Hamlyn-Harris, C., Hammond, K., Harford, E., Harrison, J. R., Harting, D., Hatano, Y., Hatch, D. R., Haupt, T., Hawes, J., Hawkes, N. C., Hawkins, J., Hayashi, T., Hazael, S., Hazel, S., Heesterman, P., Heidbrink, B., Helou, W., Hemming, O., Henderson, S. S., Henriques, R. B., Hepple, D., Herfindal, J., Hermon, G., Hill, J., Hillesheim, J. 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- Subjects
JET ,Settore ING-IND/18 - Fisica dei Reattori Nucleari ,General Physics and Astronomy ,artificial intellingence ,tokamaks ,magnetically confined plasma ,disruption predictions ,tokamak plasmas ,nuclear fusion - Abstract
openaire: EC/H2020/633053/EU//EUROfusion Funding Information: This work was partially funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under projects nos. PID2019-108377RB-C31 and PID2019-108377RB-C32. This work has been carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium, funded by the European Union via the Euratom Research and Training Programme (grant agreement no. 101052200 — EUROfusion). Views and opinions expressed are however those of the authors only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Commission. Neither the European Union nor the European Commission can be held responsible for them. Publisher Copyright: © 2022, Springer Nature Limited. In nuclear fusion reactors, plasmas are heated to very high temperatures of more than 100 million kelvin and, in so-called tokamaks, they are confined by magnetic fields in the shape of a torus. Light nuclei, such as deuterium and tritium, undergo a fusion reaction that releases energy, making fusion a promising option for a sustainable and clean energy source. Tokamak plasmas, however, are prone to disruptions as a result of a sudden collapse of the system terminating the fusion reactions. As disruptions lead to an abrupt loss of confinement, they can cause irreversible damage to present-day fusion devices and are expected to have a more devastating effect in future devices. Disruptions expected in the next-generation tokamak, ITER, for example, could cause electromagnetic forces larger than the weight of an Airbus A380. Furthermore, the thermal loads in such an event could exceed the melting threshold of the most resistant state-of-the-art materials by more than an order of magnitude. To prevent disruptionsor at least mitigate their detrimental effects, empirical models obtained with artificial intelligence methods, of which an overview is given here, are commonly employed to predict their occurrence—and ideally give enough time to introduce counteracting measures.
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- 2022
43. Nusselt number correlation for synthetic jets
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Lehnen, M. V., Lee, C. Y. Y., and Alves, F. L. D.
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- 2016
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44. Current density limitation during disruptions due to plasma-sheaths
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Adamek, J., primary, Artola, F.J., additional, Loarte, A., additional, Matveeva, E., additional, Cavalier, J., additional, Pitts, R.A., additional, Roccella, R., additional, Lehnen, M., additional, Havlicek, J., additional, Hron, M., additional, Panek, R., additional, and Team, the COMPASS, additional
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- 2022
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45. Formation and termination of runaway beams during vertical displacement events in tokamak disruptions
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Martín-Solís, J.R., primary, Mier, J.A., additional, Lehnen, M., additional, and Loarte, A., additional
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- 2022
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46. Analysis of energy cross-transport during MGI: JET experiments and TOKES simulations
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Pestchanyi, S., Lehnen, M., Huber, A., Gerasimov, S., Igitkhanov, Yu., and Landman, I.
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- 2013
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47. Simulations of tungsten transport in the edge of JET ELMy H-mode plasmas
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Järvinen, A., Groth, M., Moulton, D., Strachan, J., Wiesen, S., Belo, P., Beurskens, M.N.A., Corrigan, G., Eich, T., Giroud, C., Havlickova, E., Jachmich, S., Lehnen, M., Lönnroth, J., and Tskhakaya, D.
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- 2013
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48. Simulation of tungsten sputtering with EDGE2D–EIRENE in low triangularity L-mode JET ITER like wall configuration
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Harting, D., Groth, M., Beurskens, M., Boerner, P., Brix, M., Coenen, J.W., Corrigan, G., Lehnen, M., Marsen, S., van Rooij, G., Reiter, D., and Wiesen, S.
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- 2013
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49. Simulation with the COREDIV code of JET discharges with the ITER-like wall
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Telesca, G., Zagorski, R., Brezinsek, S., Brix, M., Flanagan, J., Ivanova-Stanik, I., Lehnen, M., Stamp, M., and Van Oost, G.
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- 2013
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50. Target particle and heat loads in low-triangularity L-mode plasmas in JET with carbon and beryllium/tungsten walls
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Groth, M., Brezinsek, S., Belo, P., Corrigan, G., Harting, D., Wiesen, S., Beurskens, M.N.A., Brix, M., Clever, M., Coenen, J.W., Eich, T., Flanagan, J., Giroud, C., Huber, A., Jachmich, S., Kruezi, U., Lehnen, M., Lowry, C., Maggi, C.F., Marsen, S., Meigs, A.G., Sergienko, G., Sieglin, B., Silva, C., Sirinelli, A., Stamp, M.F., and van Rooij, G.J.
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- 2013
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