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244 results on '"Lehmann, Caroline E. R."'

1. Overlooking vegetation loss outside forests imperils the Brazilian Cerrado and other non-forest biomes

Author

da Conceição Bispo, Polyanna, Picoli, Michelle C. A., Marimon, Beatriz Schwantes, Marimon Junior, Ben Hur, Peres, Carlos A., Menor, Imma Oliveras, Silva, Daniel E., de Figueiredo Machado, Flávia, Alencar, Ane A. C., de Almeida, Cláudio A., Anderson, Liana O., Aragão, Luiz E. O. C., Breunig, Fábio Marcelo, Bustamante, Mercedes, Dalagnol, Ricardo, Diniz-Filho, José Alexandre F., Ferreira, Laerte G., Ferreira, Manuel E., Fisch, Gilberto, Galvão, Lênio Soares, Giarolla, Angélica, Gomes, Alessandra Rodrigues, de Marco Junior, Paulo, Kuck, Tahisa N., Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lemes, Murilo Ruv, Liesenberg, Veraldo, Loyola, Rafael, Macedo, Marcia N., de Souza Mendes, Flávia, do Couto de Miranda, Sabrina, Morton, Douglas C., Moura, Yhasmin M., Oldekop, Johan A., Ramos-Neto, Mario B., Rosan, Thais M., Saatchi, Sassan, Sano, Edson E., Segura-Garcia, Carlota, Shimbo, Julia Z., Silva, Thiago S. F., Trevisan, Diego P., Zimbres, Barbara, Wiederkehr, Natalia C., and Silva-Junior, Celso H. L.

Published
2024
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3. A function-based typology for Earth’s ecosystems

Author

Keith, David A., Ferrer-Paris, José R., Nicholson, Emily, Bishop, Melanie J., Polidoro, Beth A., Ramirez-Llodra, Eva, Tozer, Mark G., Nel, Jeanne L., Mac Nally, Ralph, Gregr, Edward J., Watermeyer, Kate E., Essl, Franz, Faber-Langendoen, Don, Franklin, Janet, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Etter, Andrés, Roux, Dirk J., Stark, Jonathan S., Rowland, Jessica A., Brummitt, Neil A., Fernandez-Arcaya, Ulla C., Suthers, Iain M., Wiser, Susan K., Donohue, Ian, Jackson, Leland J., Pennington, R. Toby, Iliffe, Thomas M., Gerovasileiou, Vasilis, Giller, Paul, Robson, Belinda J., Pettorelli, Nathalie, Andrade, Angela, Lindgaard, Arild, Tahvanainen, Teemu, Terauds, Aleks, Chadwick, Michael A., Murray, Nicholas J., Moat, Justin, Pliscoff, Patricio, Zager, Irene, and Kingsford, Richard T.

Published
2022
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4. EXPLAINING EXTREME EVENTS OF 2016 : From A Climate Perspective

Author

Herring, Stephanie C., Christidi, Nikolaos, Hoell, Andrew, Kossin, James P., Schreck, Carl J., Stott, Peter A., Webb, Robert S., Werner, Francisco E., Knutson, Thomas R., Kam, Jonghun, Zeng, Fanrong, Wittenberg, Andrew T., Brainard, Russell E., Oliver, Thomas, McPhaden, Michael J., Cohen, Anne, Venegas, Robert o, Heenan, Adel, Vargas-Ángel, Bernardo, Rotjan, Randi, Mangubhai, Sangeeta, Flint, Elizabeth, Hunter, Susan A., Oliver, Eric C. J., Perkins-Kirkpatrick, Sarah E., Holbrook, Neil J., Bindoff, Nathaniel L., Tett, Simon F. B., Falk, Alexander, Rogers, Megan, Spuler, Fiona, Turner, Calum, Wainwright, Joshua, Dimdore-Miles, Oscar, Knight, Sam, Freychet, Nicolas, Mineter, Michael J., Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Martins, Eduardo S. P. R., Coelho, Caio A. S., Haarsma, Rein, Otto, Friederike E. L., King, Andrew D., van Oldenborgh, Geert Jan, Kew, Sarah, Philip, Sjoukje, Vasconcelos, Francisco C., Cullen, Heidi, Jézéquel, Aglaé, Yiou, Pascal, Radanovics, Sabine, Vautard, Robert, Sippel, Sebastian, El-Madany, Tarek S., Migliavacca, Mirco, Mahecha, Miguel D., Carrara, Arnaud, Flach, Milan, Kaminski, Thomas, Otto, Friederike E. L., Thonicke, Kirsten, Vossbeck, Michael, Reichstein, Markus, Yuan, Xing, Wang, Linying, Wood, Eric F., Funk, Chris, Davenport, Frank, Harrison, Laura, Magadzire, Tamuka, Galu, Gideon, Artan, Guleid A., Shukla, Shraddhanand, Korecha, Diriba, Indeje, Matayo, Pomposi, Catherine, Macharia, Denis, Husak, Gregory, Nsadisa, Faka Dieudonne, Imada, Yukiko, Shiogama, Hideo, Takahashi, Chiharu, Watanabe, Masahiro, Mori, Masato, Kamae, Youichi, Maeda, Shuhei, Sun, Qiaohong, Miao, Chiyuan, Zhou, Chunlüe, Wang, Kaicun, Qi, Dan, Yuan, Xing, Wang, Shanshan, Hu, Zeng-Zhen, Qian, Cheng, Wang, Jun, Dong, Siyan, Yin, Hong, Burke, Claire, Ciavarella, Andrew, Dong, Buwen, Freychet, Nicolas, Lott, Fraser C., Tett, Simon F. B., Sun, Ying, Hu, Ting, Zhang, Xuebin, Wan, Hui, Stott, Peter, Lu, Chunhui, Christidis, Nikolaos, Manomaiphiboon, Kasemsan, Ciavarella, Andrew, Stott, Peter A., Hope, Pandora, Lim, Eun-Pa, Hendon, Harry, Wang, Guomin, Lewis, Sophie C., Mallela, Jennie, Grose, Michael R., Black, Mitchell, Risbey, James S., Uhe, Peter, Hope, Pandora K., Haustein, Karsten, Mitchell, Dann, Stott, Peter A., Christidis, Nikos, Herring, Stephanie C., Hoell, Andrew, Kossin, James P., and Schreck, Carl J.

Published
2018

5. Lineage-based functional types : characterising functional diversity to enhance the representation of ecological behaviour in Land Surface Models

Author

Griffith, Daniel M., Osborne, Colin P., Edwards, Erika J., Bachle, Seton, Beerling, David J., Bond, William J., Gallaher, Timothy J., Helliker, Brent R., Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Leatherman, Lila, Nippert, Jesse B., Pau, Stephanie, Qiu, Fan, Riley, William J., Smith, Melinda D., Stromberg, Caroline A. E., Taylor, Lyla, Ungerer, Mark, and Still, Christopher J.

Published
2020

6. Fire facilitates ground layer plant diversity in a Miombo ecosystem

Author

Wieczorkowski, Jakub D, primary, Lehmann, Caroline E R, additional, Archibald, Sally, additional, Banda, Sarah, additional, Goyder, David J, additional, Kaluwe, Mokwani, additional, Kapinga, Kondwani, additional, Larridon, Isabel, additional, Mashau, Aluoneswi C, additional, Phiri, Elina, additional, and Syampungani, Stephen, additional

Published
2024
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8. Underground trees inhabit varied environmental extremes across the Afrotropics.

Author

Courtenay, Anya P, Moonlight, Peter W, Pennington, R Toby, and Lehmann, Caroline E R

Subjects
WOODY plants, EXTREME environments, TREES, CONVERGENT evolution, ECOLOGICAL niche, SYZYGIUM, FUNCTIONAL groups
Abstract

Background and Aims Geoxyles, a distinctive feature of Afrotropical savannas and grasslands, survive recurrent disturbances by resprouting subshrub branches from large below-ground woody structures. Underground trees are a type of geoxyle that independently evolved within woody genera of at least 40 plant families in Africa. The environmental limits and determinants of underground tree biogeography are poorly understood, with the relative influence of frost and fire debated in particular. We aim to quantify variability in the niche of underground tree species relative to their taller, woody tree/shrub congeners. Methods Using occurrence records of four Afrotropical genera, Parinari (Chrysobalanaceae), Ozoroa (Anacardiaceae), Syzygium (Myrtaceae) and Lannea (Anacardiaceae), and environmental data of nine climate and disturbance variables, the biogeography and niche of underground trees are compared with their open and closed ecosystem congeners. Key Results Along multiple environmental gradients and in a multidimensional environmental space, underground trees inhabit significantly distinct and extreme environments relative to open and closed ecosystem congeners. Niche overlap is low among underground trees and their congeners, and also among underground trees of the four genera. Of the study taxa, Parinari underground trees inhabit hotter, drier and more seasonal environments where herbivory pressure is greatest. Ozoroa underground trees occupy relatively more fire-prone environments, while Syzygium underground trees sustain the highest frost frequency and occur in relatively wetter conditions with seasonal waterlogging. Lannea underground trees are associated with the lowest temperatures, highest precipitation, and varying exposure to disturbance. Conclusions While underground trees exhibit repeated convergent evolution, varied environments shape the ecology and biogeography of this iconic plant functional group. The multiplicity of extreme environments related to fire, frost, herbivory and waterlogging that different underground tree taxa occupy, and the distinctiveness of these environments, should be recognized in the management of African grassy ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. AusTraits, a curated plant trait database for the Australian flora

Author

Falster, Daniel, Gallagher, Rachael, Wenk, Elizabeth H., Wright, Ian J., Indiarto, Dony, Andrew, Samuel C., Baxter, Caitlan, Lawson, James, Allen, Stuart, Fuchs, Anne, Monro, Anna, Kar, Fonti, Adams, Mark A., Ahrens, Collin W., Alfonzetti, Matthew, Angevin, Tara, Apgaua, Deborah M. G., Arndt, Stefan, Atkin, Owen K., Atkinson, Joe, Auld, Tony, Baker, Andrew, von Balthazar, Maria, Bean, Anthony, Blackman, Chris J., Bloomfield, Keith, Bowman, David M. J. S., Bragg, Jason, Brodribb, Timothy J., Buckton, Genevieve, Burrows, Geoff, Caldwell, Elizabeth, Camac, James, Carpenter, Raymond, Catford, Jane A., Cawthray, Gregory R., Cernusak, Lucas A., Chandler, Gregory, Chapman, Alex R., Cheal, David, Cheesman, Alexander W., Chen, Si-Chong, Choat, Brendan, Clinton, Brook, Clode, Peta L., Coleman, Helen, Cornwell, William K., Cosgrove, Meredith, Crisp, Michael, Cross, Erika, Crous, Kristine Y., Cunningham, Saul, Curran, Timothy, Curtis, Ellen, Daws, Matthew I., DeGabriel, Jane L., Denton, Matthew D., Dong, Ning, Du, Pengzhen, Duan, Honglang, Duncan, David H., Duncan, Richard P., Duretto, Marco, Dwyer, John M., Edwards, Cheryl, Esperon-Rodriguez, Manuel, Evans, John R., Everingham, Susan E., Farrell, Claire, Firn, Jennifer, Fonseca, Carlos Roberto, French, Ben J., Frood, Doug, Funk, Jennifer L., Geange, Sonya R., Ghannoum, Oula, Gleason, Sean M., Gosper, Carl R., Gray, Emma, Groom, Philip K., Grootemaat, Saskia, Gross, Caroline, Guerin, Greg, Guja, Lydia, Hahs, Amy K., Harrison, Matthew Tom, Hayes, Patrick E., Henery, Martin, Hochuli, Dieter, Howell, Jocelyn, Huang, Guomin, Hughes, Lesley, Huisman, John, Ilic, Jugoslav, Jagdish, Ashika, Jin, Daniel, Jordan, Gregory, Jurado, Enrique, Kanowski, John, Kasel, Sabine, Kellermann, Jürgen, Kenny, Belinda, Kohout, Michele, Kooyman, Robert M., Kotowska, Martyna M., Lai, Hao Ran, Laliberté, Etienne, Lambers, Hans, Lamont, Byron B., Lanfear, Robert, van Langevelde, Frank, Laughlin, Daniel C., Laugier-Kitchener, Bree-Anne, Laurance, Susan, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Leigh, Andrea, Leishman, Michelle R., Lenz, Tanja, Lepschi, Brendan, Lewis, James D., Lim, Felix, Liu, Udayangani, Lord, Janice, Lusk, Christopher H., Macinnis-Ng, Cate, McPherson, Hannah, Magallón, Susana, Manea, Anthony, López-Martinez, Andrea, Mayfield, Margaret, McCarthy, James K., Meers, Trevor, van der Merwe, Marlien, Metcalfe, Daniel J., Milberg, Per, Mokany, Karel, Moles, Angela T., Moore, Ben D., Moore, Nicholas, Morgan, John W., Morris, William, Muir, Annette, Munroe, Samantha, Nicholson, Áine, Nicolle, Dean, Nicotra, Adrienne B., Niinemets, Ülo, North, Tom, O’Reilly-Nugent, Andrew, O’Sullivan, Odhran S., Oberle, Brad, Onoda, Yusuke, Ooi, Mark K. J., Osborne, Colin P., Paczkowska, Grazyna, Pekin, Burak, Guilherme Pereira, Caio, Pickering, Catherine, Pickup, Melinda, Pollock, Laura J., Poot, Pieter, Powell, Jeff R., Power, Sally A., Prentice, Iain Colin, Prior, Lynda, Prober, Suzanne M., Read, Jennifer, Reynolds, Victoria, Richards, Anna E., Richardson, Ben, Roderick, Michael L., Rosell, Julieta A., Rossetto, Maurizio, Rye, Barbara, Rymer, Paul D., Sams, Michael A., Sanson, Gordon, Sauquet, Hervé, Schmidt, Susanne, Schönenberger, Jürg, Schulze, Ernst-Detlef, Sendall, Kerrie, Sinclair, Steve, Smith, Benjamin, Smith, Renee, Soper, Fiona, Sparrow, Ben, Standish, Rachel J., Staples, Timothy L., Stephens, Ruby, Szota, Christopher, Taseski, Guy, Tasker, Elizabeth, Thomas, Freya, Tissue, David T., Tjoelker, Mark G., Tng, David Yue Phin, de Tombeur, Félix, Tomlinson, Kyle, Turner, Neil C., Veneklaas, Erik J., Venn, Susanna, Vesk, Peter, Vlasveld, Carolyn, Vorontsova, Maria S., Warren, Charles A., Warwick, Nigel, Weerasinghe, Lasantha K., Wells, Jessie, Westoby, Mark, White, Matthew, Williams, Nicholas S. G., Wills, Jarrah, Wilson, Peter G., Yates, Colin, Zanne, Amy E., Zemunik, Graham, and Ziemińska, Kasia

Published
2021
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11. Genetic variation in Loudetia simplex supports the presence of ancient grasslands in Madagascar.

Author

Tiley, George P., Crowl, Andrew A., Almary, Tchana O. M., Luke, W. R. Quentin, Solofondranohatra, Cédrique L., Besnard, Guillaume, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Yoder, Anne D., and Vorontsova, Maria S.

Subjects
GRASSLANDS, GENETIC variation, COLONIZATION (Ecology), LAST Glacial Maximum, INTERGLACIALS, CONSERVATION genetics, BIODIVERSITY, PLANT genomes
Abstract

Copyright of Plants, People, Planet is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Published
2024
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16. Comment on “The extent of forest in dryland biomes”

Author

Griffith, Daniel M., Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Strömberg, Caroline A. E., Parr, Catherine L., Pennington, R. Toby, Sankaran, Mahesh, Ratnam, Jayashree, Still, Christopher J., Powell, Rebecca L., Hanan, Niall P., Nippert, Jesse B., Osborne, Colin P., Good, Stephen P., Anderson, T. Michael, Holdo, Ricardo M., Veldman, Joseph W., Durigan, Giselda, Tomlinson, Kyle W., Hoffmann, William A., Archibald, Sally, and Bond, William J.

Published
2017
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17. Madagascar’s extraordinary biodiversity: Evolution, distribution, and use

Author

Antonelli, Alexandre, primary, Smith, Rhian J., additional, Perrigo, Allison L., additional, Crottini, Angelica, additional, Hackel, Jan, additional, Testo, Weston, additional, Farooq, Harith, additional, Torres Jiménez, Maria F., additional, Andela, Niels, additional, Andermann, Tobias, additional, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., additional, Andriambololonera, Sylvie, additional, Bachman, Steven P., additional, Bacon, Christine D., additional, Baker, William J., additional, Belluardo, Francesco, additional, Birkinshaw, Chris, additional, Borrell, James S., additional, Cable, Stuart, additional, Canales, Nataly A., additional, Carrillo, Juan D., additional, Clegg, Rosie, additional, Clubbe, Colin, additional, Cooke, Robert S. C., additional, Damasco, Gabriel, additional, Dhanda, Sonia, additional, Edler, Daniel, additional, Faurby, Søren, additional, de Lima Ferreira, Paola, additional, Fisher, Brian L., additional, Forest, Félix, additional, Gardiner, Lauren M., additional, Goodman, Steven M., additional, Grace, Olwen M., additional, Guedes, Thaís B., additional, Henniges, Marie C., additional, Hill, Rowena, additional, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., additional, Lowry, Porter P., additional, Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, additional, Matos-Maraví, Pável, additional, Moat, Justin, additional, Neves, Beatriz, additional, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., additional, Onstein, Renske E., additional, Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., additional, Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., additional, Phelps, Leanne N., additional, Phillipson, Peter B., additional, Pironon, Samuel, additional, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., additional, Rabarimanarivo, Marina, additional, Rabehevitra, David, additional, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, additional, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, additional, Rajaonary, Fano, additional, Rajaovelona, Landy R., additional, Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, additional, Rakotoarisoa, Amédée A., additional, Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., additional, Rakotomalala, Herizo N., additional, Rakotonasolo, Franck, additional, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., additional, Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, additional, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., additional, Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, additional, Randrianasolo, Vonona, additional, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, additional, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., additional, Ravololomanana, Noro, additional, Razafiniary, Velosoa, additional, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, additional, Razanatsoa, Estelle, additional, Rivers, Malin, additional, Sayol, Ferran, additional, Silvestro, Daniele, additional, Vorontsova, Maria S., additional, Walker, Kim, additional, Walker, Barnaby E., additional, Wilkin, Paul, additional, Williams, Jenny, additional, Ziegler, Thomas, additional, Zizka, Alexander, additional, and Ralimanana, Hélène, additional

Published
2022
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18. Madagascar’s extraordinary biodiversity: Threats and opportunities

Author

Ralimanana, Hélène, primary, Perrigo, Allison L., additional, Smith, Rhian J., additional, Borrell, James S., additional, Faurby, Søren, additional, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, additional, Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, additional, Vorontsova, Maria S., additional, Cooke, Robert S. C., additional, Phelps, Leanne N., additional, Sayol, Ferran, additional, Andela, Niels, additional, Andermann, Tobias, additional, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., additional, Andriambololonera, Sylvie, additional, Bachman, Steven P., additional, Bacon, Christine D., additional, Baker, William J., additional, Belluardo, Francesco, additional, Birkinshaw, Chris, additional, Cable, Stuart, additional, Canales, Nataly A., additional, Carrillo, Juan D., additional, Clegg, Rosie, additional, Clubbe, Colin, additional, Crottini, Angelica, additional, Damasco, Gabriel, additional, Dhanda, Sonia, additional, Edler, Daniel, additional, Farooq, Harith, additional, de Lima Ferreira, Paola, additional, Fisher, Brian L., additional, Forest, Félix, additional, Gardiner, Lauren M., additional, Goodman, Steven M., additional, Grace, Olwen M., additional, Guedes, Thaís B., additional, Hackel, Jan, additional, Henniges, Marie C., additional, Hill, Rowena, additional, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., additional, Lowry, Porter P., additional, Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, additional, Matos-Maraví, Pável, additional, Moat, Justin, additional, Neves, Beatriz, additional, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., additional, Onstein, Renske E., additional, Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., additional, Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., additional, Phillipson, Peter B., additional, Pironon, Samuel, additional, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., additional, Rabarimanarivo, Marina, additional, Rabehevitra, David, additional, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, additional, Rajaonary, Fano, additional, Rajaovelona, Landy R., additional, Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, additional, Rakotoarisoa, Amédée A., additional, Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., additional, Rakotomalala, Herizo N., additional, Rakotonasolo, Franck, additional, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., additional, Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, additional, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., additional, Randrianasolo, Vonona, additional, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, additional, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., additional, Ravololomanana, Noro, additional, Razafiniary, Velosoa, additional, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, additional, Razanatsoa, Estelle, additional, Rivers, Malin, additional, Silvestro, Daniele, additional, Testo, Weston, additional, Torres Jiménez, Maria F., additional, Walker, Kim, additional, Walker, Barnaby E., additional, Wilkin, Paul, additional, Williams, Jenny, additional, Ziegler, Thomas, additional, Zizka, Alexander, additional, and Antonelli, Alexandre, additional

Published
2022
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23. Savanna Vegetation-Fire-Climate Relationships Differ Among Continents

Author

Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Anderson, T. Michael, Sankaran, Mahesh, Higgins, Steven I., Archibald, Sally, Hoffmann, William A., Hanan, Niall P., Williams, Richard J., Fensham, Roderick J., Felfili, Jeanine, Hutley, Lindsay B., Ratnam, Jayashree, San Jose, Jose, Montes, Ruben, Franklin, Don, Russell-Smith, Jeremy, Ryan, Casey M., Durigan, Giselda, Hiernaux, Pierre, Haidar, Ricardo, Bowman, David M. J. S., and Bond, William J.

Published
2014

25. Heteropogon ‐ Themeda grasses evolve to occupy either tropical grassland or wetland biomes

Author

Arthan, Watchara, Morales‐Fierro, Vanezza, Vorontsova, Maria S., Kellogg, Elizabeth A., Mitchley, Jonathan, and Lehmann, Caroline E. R.

Abstract

Species of the Heteropogon‐Themeda clade are ecologically important grasses distributed across the tropics, including widespread species, such as the pantropical Heteropogon contortus and Themeda triandra, and range‐restricted species such as Heteropogon ritchiei and Themeda anathera. Here, we examine habitat preferences of the grassland/savanna and wetland species by describing bioclimatic niche characteristics, characterizing functional traits, and investigating the evolution of functional traits of 31 species in the Heteropogon‐Themeda clade in relation to precipitation and temperature. The climatic limits of the clade are linked to mean annual precipitation and seasonality that also distinguish seven wetland species from 24 grassland/savanna species. Tests of niche equivalency highlighted the unique bioclimatic niche of the wetland species. However, climatic factors do not fully explain species geographic range, and other factors are likely to contribute to their distribution ranges. Trait analyses demonstrated that the wetland and grassland/savanna species were separated by culm height, leaf length, leaf area, awn length, and awn types. Phylogenetic analyses showed that the wetland species had tall stature with long and large leaves and lack of hygroscopic awns, which suggest selective pressures in the shift between savanna/grassland and wetland. The two most widespread species, H. contortus and T. triandra, have significantly different bioclimatic niches, but we also found that climatic niche alone does not explain the current geographic distributions of H. contortus and T. triandra. Our study provides a new understanding of the biogeography and evolutionary history of an ecologically important clade of C4 tropical grasses.

Published
2022

26. Madagascar's extraordinary biodiversity : Evolution, distribution, and use

Author

Antonelli, Alexandre, Smith, Rhian J., Perrigo, Allison L., Crottini, Angelica, Hackel, Jan, Testo, Weston, Farooq, Harith, Jimenez, Maria F. Torres, Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Borrell, James S., Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Cooke, Robert S. C., Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Faurby, Soren, Ferreira, Paola de Lima, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Felix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thais B., Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., II, Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maravi, Pavel, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phelps, Leanne N., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amedee A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Sayol, Ferran, Silvestro, Daniele, Vorontsova, Maria S., Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, Ralimanana, Helene, Antonelli, Alexandre, Smith, Rhian J., Perrigo, Allison L., Crottini, Angelica, Hackel, Jan, Testo, Weston, Farooq, Harith, Jimenez, Maria F. Torres, Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Borrell, James S., Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Cooke, Robert S. C., Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Faurby, Soren, Ferreira, Paola de Lima, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Felix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thais B., Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., II, Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maravi, Pavel, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phelps, Leanne N., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amedee A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Sayol, Ferran, Silvestro, Daniele, Vorontsova, Maria S., Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, and Ralimanana, Helene

Abstract

Madagascar's biota is hyperdiverse and includes exceptional levels of endemicity. We review the current state of knowledge on Madagascar's past and current terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity by compiling and presenting comprehensive data on species diversity, endemism, and rates of species description and human uses, in addition to presenting an updated and simplified map of vegetation types. We report a substantial increase of records and species new to science in recent years; however, the diversity and evolution of many groups remain practically unknown (e.g., fungi and most invertebrates). Digitization efforts are increasing the resolution of species richness patterns and we highlight the crucial role of field- and collections-based research for advancing biodiversity knowledge and identifying gaps in our understanding, particularly as species richness corresponds closely to collection effort. Phylogenetic diversity patterns mirror that of species richness and endemism in most of the analyzed groups. We highlight humid forests as centers of diversity and endemism because of their role as refugia and centers of recent and rapid radiations. However, the distinct endemism of other areas, such as the grassland-woodland mosaic of the Central Highlands and the spiny forest of the southwest, is also biologically important despite lower species richness. The documented uses of Malagasy biodiversity are manifold, with much potential for the uncovering of new useful traits for food, medicine, and climate mitigation. The data presented here showcase Madagascar as a unique " living laboratory" for our understanding of evolution and the complex interactions between people and nature. The gathering and analysis of biodiversity data must continue and accelerate if we are to fully understand and safeguard this unique subset of Earth's biodiversity.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

27. Madagascar's extraordinary biodiversity : Threats and opportunities

Author

Ralimanana, Helene, Perrigo, Allison L., Smith, Rhian J., Borrell, James S., Faurby, Soren, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Vorontsova, Maria S., Cooke, Robert S. C., Phelps, Leanne N., Sayol, Ferran, Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Crottini, Angelica, Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Farooq, Harith, Ferreira, Paola de Lima, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Felix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thais B., Hackel, Jan, Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., II, Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maravi, Pavel, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amedee A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Silvestro, Daniele, Testo, Weston, Jimenez, Maria F. Torres, Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, Antonelli, Alexandre, Ralimanana, Helene, Perrigo, Allison L., Smith, Rhian J., Borrell, James S., Faurby, Soren, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Vorontsova, Maria S., Cooke, Robert S. C., Phelps, Leanne N., Sayol, Ferran, Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Crottini, Angelica, Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Farooq, Harith, Ferreira, Paola de Lima, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Felix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thais B., Hackel, Jan, Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., II, Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maravi, Pavel, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amedee A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Silvestro, Daniele, Testo, Weston, Jimenez, Maria F. Torres, Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, and Antonelli, Alexandre

Abstract

Madagascar's unique biota is heavily affected by human activity and is under intense threat. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the conservation status of Madagascar's terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity by presenting data and analyses on documented and predicted species-level conservation statuses, the most prevalent and relevant threats, ex situ collections and programs, and the coverage and comprehensiveness of protected areas. The existing terrestrial protected area network in Madagascar covers 10.4% of its land area and includes at least part of the range of the majority of described native species of vertebrates with known distributions (97.1% of freshwater fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals combined) and plants (67.7%). The overall figures are higher for threatened species (97.7% of threatened vertebrates and 79.6% of threatened plants occurring within at least one protected area). International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List assessments and Bayesian neural network analyses for plants identify overexploitation of biological resources and unsustainable agriculture as themost prominent threats to biodiversity. We highlight five opportunities for action at multiple levels to ensure that conservation and ecological restoration objectives, programs, and activities take account of complex underlying and interacting factors and produce tangible benefits for the biodiversity and people of Madagascar.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

28. A function-based typology for Earth's ecosystems

Author

Keith, David A, Ferrer-Paris, José R, Nicholson, Emily, Bishop, Melanie J, Polidoro, Beth A, Ramirez-Llodra, Eva, Tozer, Mark G, Nel, Jeanne L, Mac Nally, Ralph, Gregr, Edward J, Watermeyer, Kate E, Essl, Franz, Faber-Langendoen, Don, Franklin, Janet, Lehmann, Caroline E R, Etter, Andrés, Roux, Dirk J, Stark, Jonathan S, Rowland, Jessica A, Brummitt, Neil A, Fernandez-Arcaya, U., Suthers, Iain M, Wiser, Susan K, Donohue, Ian, Jackson, Leland J, Pennington, R Toby, Iliffe, Thomas M, Gerovasileiou, Vasilis, Giller, Paul, Robson, Belinda J, Pettorelli, Nathalie, Andrade, Angela, Lindgaard, Arild, Tahvanainen, Teemu, Terauds, Aleks, Chadwick, Michael A, Murray, Nicholas J, Moat, Justin, Pliscoff, Patricio, Zager, Irene, Kingsford, Richard T, Keith, David A, Ferrer-Paris, José R, Nicholson, Emily, Bishop, Melanie J, Polidoro, Beth A, Ramirez-Llodra, Eva, Tozer, Mark G, Nel, Jeanne L, Mac Nally, Ralph, Gregr, Edward J, Watermeyer, Kate E, Essl, Franz, Faber-Langendoen, Don, Franklin, Janet, Lehmann, Caroline E R, Etter, Andrés, Roux, Dirk J, Stark, Jonathan S, Rowland, Jessica A, Brummitt, Neil A, Fernandez-Arcaya, U., Suthers, Iain M, Wiser, Susan K, Donohue, Ian, Jackson, Leland J, Pennington, R Toby, Iliffe, Thomas M, Gerovasileiou, Vasilis, Giller, Paul, Robson, Belinda J, Pettorelli, Nathalie, Andrade, Angela, Lindgaard, Arild, Tahvanainen, Teemu, Terauds, Aleks, Chadwick, Michael A, Murray, Nicholas J, Moat, Justin, Pliscoff, Patricio, Zager, Irene, and Kingsford, Richard T

Abstract

As the United Nations develops a post-2020 global biodiversity framework for the Convention on Biological Diversity, attention is focusing on how new goals and targets for ecosystem conservation might serve its vision of 'living in harmony with nature'1,2. Advancing dual imperatives to conserve biodiversity and sustain ecosystem services requires reliable and resilient generalizations and predictions about ecosystem responses to environmental change and management3. Ecosystems vary in their biota4, service provision5 and relative exposure to risks6, yet there is no globally consistent classification of ecosystems that reflects functional responses to change and management. This hampers progress on developing conservation targets and sustainability goals. Here we present the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Global Ecosystem Typology, a conceptually robust, scalable, spatially explicit approach for generalizations and predictions about functions, biota, risks and management remedies across the entire biosphere. The outcome of a major cross-disciplinary collaboration, this novel framework places all of Earth's ecosystems into a unifying theoretical context to guide the transformation of ecosystem policy and management from global to local scales. This new information infrastructure will support knowledge transfer for ecosystem-specific management and restoration, globally standardized ecosystem risk assessments, natural capital accounting and progress on the post-2020 global biodiversity framework.

Published
2022

29. Fire in highland grasslands: uses, ecology, and history

Author

Goodman, Steven M. (ed.), Kull, Christian A., Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Goodman, Steven M. (ed.), Kull, Christian A., and Lehmann, Caroline E. R.

Abstract

Each year fires burn across around one-half of the grasslands that cover most of Madagascar’s Central Highlands, particularly in open, less densely settled areas. Before humans arrived on the island, lightning fires helped shape the temporal and spatial mosaic of highland vegetation. Since settlement, the Malagasy have harnessed fire for diverse resource management goals while altering vegetation communities and biogeochemical processes. Due to the environmental consequences of fire, administrators sought to suppress fires throughout the 20th and 21st centuries. Government policies were contentious with rural communities and have seen little success in these inherently flammable landscapes. Here, we provide an overview of current understanding on fire in the Central Highlands, motivations for human use of fire, and the consequences of fire for the vegetation and broader ecological dynamics of the region, alongside how fire management has changed over time.

Published
2022

30. Madagascar’s extraordinary biodiversity:Evolution, distribution, and use

Author

Antonelli, Alexandre, Smith, Rhian J., Perrigo, Allison L., Crottini, Angelica, Hackel, Jan, Testo, Weston, Farooq, Harith, Torres Jiménez, Maria F., Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Borrell, James S., Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Cooke, Robert S. C., Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Faurby, Søren, de Lima Ferreira, Paola, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Félix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thaís B., Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maraví, Pável, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phelps, Leanne N., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amédée A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Sayol, Ferran, Silvestro, Daniele, Vorontsova, Maria S., Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, Ralimanana, Hélène, Antonelli, Alexandre, Smith, Rhian J., Perrigo, Allison L., Crottini, Angelica, Hackel, Jan, Testo, Weston, Farooq, Harith, Torres Jiménez, Maria F., Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Borrell, James S., Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Cooke, Robert S. C., Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Faurby, Søren, de Lima Ferreira, Paola, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Félix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thaís B., Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maraví, Pável, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phelps, Leanne N., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amédée A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Sayol, Ferran, Silvestro, Daniele, Vorontsova, Maria S., Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, and Ralimanana, Hélène

Abstract

Madagascar’s biota is hyperdiverse and includes exceptional levels of endemicity. We review the current state of knowledge on Madagascar’s past and current terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity by compiling and presenting comprehensive data on species diversity, endemism, and rates of species description and human uses, in addition to presenting an updated and simplified map of vegetation types. We report a substantial increase of records and species new to science in recent years; however, the diversity and evolution of many groups remain practically unknown (e.g., fungi and most invertebrates). Digitization efforts are increasing the resolution of species richness patterns and we highlight the crucial role of field- and collections-based research for advancing biodiversity knowledge and identifying gaps in our understanding, particularly as species richness corresponds closely to collection effort. Phylogenetic diversity patterns mirror that of species richness and endemism in most of the analyzed groups. We highlight humid forests as centers of diversity and endemism because of their role as refugia and centers of recent and rapid radiations. However, the distinct endemism of other areas, such as the grassland-woodland mosaic of the Central Highlands and the spiny forest of the southwest, is also biologically important despite lower species richness. The documented uses of Malagasy biodiversity are manifold, with much potential for the uncovering of new useful traits for food, medicine, and climate mitigation. The data presented here showcase Madagascar as a unique “living laboratory” for our understanding of evolution and the complex interactions between people and nature. The gathering and analysis of biodiversity data must continue and accelerate if we are to fully understand and safeguard this unique subset of Earth’s biodiversity.

Published
2022

31. Madagascar’s extraordinary biodiversity:Threats and opportunities

Author

Ralimanana, Hélène, Perrigo, Allison L., Smith, Rhian J., Borrell, James S., Faurby, Søren, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Vorontsova, Maria S., Cooke, Robert S. C., Phelps, Leanne N., Sayol, Ferran, Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Crottini, Angelica, Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Farooq, Harith, de Lima Ferreira, Paola, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Félix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thaís B., Hackel, Jan, Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maraví, Pável, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amédée A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Silvestro, Daniele, Testo, Weston, Torres Jiménez, Maria F., Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, Antonelli, Alexandre, Ralimanana, Hélène, Perrigo, Allison L., Smith, Rhian J., Borrell, James S., Faurby, Søren, Rajaonah, Mamy Tiana, Randriamboavonjy, Tianjanahary, Vorontsova, Maria S., Cooke, Robert S. C., Phelps, Leanne N., Sayol, Ferran, Andela, Niels, Andermann, Tobias, Andriamanohera, Andotiana M., Andriambololonera, Sylvie, Bachman, Steven P., Bacon, Christine D., Baker, William J., Belluardo, Francesco, Birkinshaw, Chris, Cable, Stuart, Canales, Nataly A., Carrillo, Juan D., Clegg, Rosie, Clubbe, Colin, Crottini, Angelica, Damasco, Gabriel, Dhanda, Sonia, Edler, Daniel, Farooq, Harith, de Lima Ferreira, Paola, Fisher, Brian L., Forest, Félix, Gardiner, Lauren M., Goodman, Steven M., Grace, Olwen M., Guedes, Thaís B., Hackel, Jan, Henniges, Marie C., Hill, Rowena, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., Lowry, Porter P., Marline, Lovanomenjanahary, Matos-Maraví, Pável, Moat, Justin, Neves, Beatriz, Nogueira, Matheus G. C., Onstein, Renske E., Papadopulos, Alexander S. T., Perez-Escobar, Oscar A., Phillipson, Peter B., Pironon, Samuel, Przelomska, Natalia A. S., Rabarimanarivo, Marina, Rabehevitra, David, Raharimampionona, Jeannie, Rajaonary, Fano, Rajaovelona, Landy R., Rakotoarinivo, Mijoro, Rakotoarisoa, Amédée A., Rakotoarisoa, Solofo E., Rakotomalala, Herizo N., Rakotonasolo, Franck, Ralaiveloarisoa, Berthe A., Ramirez-Herranz, Myriam, Randriamamonjy, Jean Emmanuel N., Randrianasolo, Vonona, Rasolohery, Andriambolantsoa, Ratsifandrihamanana, Anitry N., Ravololomanana, Noro, Razafiniary, Velosoa, Razanajatovo, Henintsoa, Razanatsoa, Estelle, Rivers, Malin, Silvestro, Daniele, Testo, Weston, Torres Jiménez, Maria F., Walker, Kim, Walker, Barnaby E., Wilkin, Paul, Williams, Jenny, Ziegler, Thomas, Zizka, Alexander, and Antonelli, Alexandre

Abstract

Madagascar’s unique biota is heavily affected by human activity and is under intense threat. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the conservation status of Madagascar’s terrestrial and freshwater biodiversity by presenting data and analyses on documented and predicted species-level conservation statuses, the most prevalent and relevant threats, ex situ collections and programs, and the coverage and comprehensiveness of protected areas. The existing terrestrial protected area network in Madagascar covers 10.4% of its land area and includes at least part of the range of the majority of described native species of vertebrates with known distributions (97.1% of freshwater fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals combined) and plants (67.7%). The overall figures are higher for threatened species (97.7% of threatened vertebrates and 79.6% of threatened plants occurring within at least one protected area). International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List assessments and Bayesian neural network analyses for plants identify overexploitation of biological resources and unsustainable agriculture as the most prominent threats to biodiversity. We highlight five opportunities for action at multiple levels to ensure that conservation and ecological restoration objectives, programs, and activities take account of complex underlying and interacting factors and produce tangible benefits for the biodiversity and people of Madagascar.

Published
2022

36. Fire in highland grasslands: uses, ecology, and history

Author

Kull, Christian A., Lehmann, Caroline E. R., and Goodman, Steven M. (ed.)

Abstract

Each year fires burn across around one-half of the grasslands that cover most of Madagascar’s Central Highlands, particularly in open, less densely settled areas. Before humans arrived on the island, lightning fires helped shape the temporal and spatial mosaic of highland vegetation. Since settlement, the Malagasy have harnessed fire for diverse resource management goals while altering vegetation communities and biogeochemical processes. Due to the environmental consequences of fire, administrators sought to suppress fires throughout the 20th and 21st centuries. Government policies were contentious with rural communities and have seen little success in these inherently flammable landscapes. Here, we provide an overview of current understanding on fire in the Central Highlands, motivations for human use of fire, and the consequences of fire for the vegetation and broader ecological dynamics of the region, alongside how fire management has changed over time.

Published
2022

37. Invasions: the trail behind, the path ahead, and a test of a disturbing idea

Author

Moles, Angela T., Flores-Moreno, Habacuc, Bonser, Stephen P., Warton, David I., Helm, Aveliina, Warman, Laura, Eldridge, David J., Jurado, Enrique, Hemmings, Frank A., Reich, Peter B., Cavender-Bares, Jeannine, Seabloom, Eric W., Mayfield, Margaret M., Sheil, Douglas, Djietror, Jonathan C., Peri, Pablo L., Enrico, Lucas, Cabido, Marcelo R., Setterfield, Samantha A., Lehmann, Caroline E. R., and Thomson, Fiona J.

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

49. AusTraits – a curated plant trait database for the Australian flora

Author

Falster, Daniel, primary, Gallagher, Rachael, additional, Wenk, Elizabeth, additional, Wright, Ian, additional, Indiarto, Dony, additional, Baxter, Caitlan, additional, Andrew, Samuel C., additional, Lawson, James, additional, Allen, Stuart, additional, Fuchs, Anne, additional, Adams, Mark A., additional, Ahrens, Collin W., additional, Alfonzetti, Matthew, additional, Angevin, Tara, additional, Atkin, Owen K., additional, Auld, Tony, additional, Baker, Andrew, additional, Bean, Anthony, additional, Blackman, Chris J., additional, Bloomfield, Keith, additional, Bowman, David, additional, Bragg, Jason, additional, Brodribb, Timothy J., additional, Buckton, Genevieve, additional, Burrows, Geoff, additional, Caldwell, Elizabeth, additional, Camac, James, additional, Carpenter, Raymond, additional, Catford, Jane A., additional, Cawthray, Gregory R., additional, Cernusak, Lucas A., additional, Chandler, Gregory, additional, Chapman, Alex R., additional, Cheal, David, additional, Cheesman, Alexander W., additional, Chen, Si-Chong, additional, Choat, Brendan, additional, Clinton, Brook, additional, Clode, Peta, additional, Coleman, Helen, additional, Cornwell, William K., additional, Cosgrove, Meredith, additional, Crisp, Michael, additional, Cross, Erika, additional, Crous, Kristine Y., additional, Cunningham, Saul, additional, Curtis, Ellen, additional, Daws, Matthew I., additional, DeGabriel, Jane L., additional, Denton, Matthew D., additional, Dong, Ning, additional, Duan, Honglang, additional, Duncan, David H., additional, Duncan, Richard P., additional, Duretto, Marco, additional, Dwyer, John M., additional, Edwards, Cheryl, additional, Esperon-Rodriguez, Manuel, additional, Evans, John R., additional, Everingham, Susan E., additional, Firn, Jennifer, additional, Fonseca, Carlos Roberto, additional, French, Ben J., additional, Frood, Doug, additional, Funk, Jennifer L., additional, Geange, Sonya R., additional, Ghannoum, Oula, additional, Gleason, Sean M., additional, Gosper, Carl R., additional, Gray, Emma, additional, Groom, Philip K., additional, Gross, Caroline, additional, Guerin, Greg, additional, Guja, Lydia, additional, Hahs, Amy K., additional, Harrison, Matthew Tom, additional, Hayes, Patrick E., additional, Henery, Martin, additional, Hochuli, Dieter, additional, Howell, Jocelyn, additional, Huang, Guomin, additional, Hughes, Lesley, additional, Huisman, John, additional, Ilic, Jugoslav, additional, Jagdish, Ashika, additional, Jin, Daniel, additional, Jordan, Gregory, additional, Jurado, Enrique, additional, Kasel, Sabine, additional, Kellermann, Jürgen, additional, Kohout, Michele, additional, Kooyman, Robert M., additional, Kotowska, Martyna M., additional, Lai, Hao Ran, additional, Laliberté, Etienne, additional, Lambers, Hans, additional, Lamont, Byron B., additional, Lanfear, Robert, additional, van Langevelde, Frank, additional, Laughlin, Daniel C., additional, Laugier-Kitchener, Bree-Anne, additional, Lehmann, Caroline E. R., additional, Leigh, Andrea, additional, Leishman, Michelle R., additional, Lenz, Tanja, additional, Lepschi, Brendan, additional, Lewis, James D., additional, Lim, Felix, additional, Liu, Udayangani, additional, Lord, Janice, additional, Lusk, Christopher H., additional, Macinnis-Ng, Cate, additional, McPherson, Hannah, additional, Manea, Anthony, additional, Mayfield, Margaret, additional, McCarthy, James K., additional, Meers, Trevor, additional, van der Merwe, Marlien, additional, Metcalfe, Daniel, additional, Milberg, Per, additional, Mokany, Karel, additional, Moles, Angela T., additional, Moore, Ben D., additional, Moore, Nicholas, additional, Morgan, John W., additional, Morris, William, additional, Muir, Annette, additional, Munroe, Samantha, additional, Nicholson, Áine, additional, Nicolle, Dean, additional, Nicotra, Adrienne B., additional, Niinemets, Ülo, additional, North, Tom, additional, O’Reilly-Nugent, Andrew, additional, O’Sullivan, Odhran S., additional, Oberle, Brad, additional, Onoda, Yusuke, additional, Ooi, Mark K. J., additional, Osborne, Colin P., additional, Paczkowska, Grazyna, additional, Pekin, Burak, additional, Pereira, Caio Guilherme, additional, Pickering, Catherine, additional, Pickup, Melinda, additional, Pollock, Laura J., additional, Poot, Pieter, additional, Powell, Jeff R., additional, Power, Sally A., additional, Prentice, Iain Colin, additional, Prior, Lynda, additional, Prober, Suzanne M., additional, Read, Jennifer, additional, Reynolds, Victoria, additional, Richards, Anna E., additional, Richardson, Ben, additional, Roderick, Michael L., additional, Rosell, Julieta A., additional, Rossetto, Maurizio, additional, Rye, Barbara, additional, Rymer, Paul D., additional, Sams, Michael A., additional, Sanson, Gordon, additional, Schmidt, Susanne, additional, Schulze, Ernst-Detlef, additional, Sendall, Kerrie, additional, Sinclair, Steve, additional, Smith, Benjamin, additional, Smith, Renee, additional, Soper, Fiona, additional, Sparrow, Ben, additional, Standish, Rachel, additional, Staples, Timothy L., additional, Taseski, Guy, additional, Thomas, Freya, additional, Tissue, David T., additional, Tjoelker, Mark G., additional, Tng, David Yue Phin, additional, Tomlinson, Kyle, additional, Turner, Neil C., additional, Veneklaas, Erik, additional, Venn, Susanna, additional, Vesk, Peter, additional, Vlasveld, Carolyn, additional, Vorontsova, Maria S., additional, Warren, Charles, additional, Weerasinghe, Lasantha K., additional, Westoby, Mark, additional, White, Matthew, additional, Williams, Nicholas, additional, Wills, Jarrah, additional, Wilson, Peter G., additional, Yates, Colin, additional, Zanne, Amy E., additional, and Ziemińska, Kasia, additional

Published
2021
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