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Abstract Objective: This study aimed to examine college students’ perceived mental health and help-seeking behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to determine the roles of campus mental health climate and institutional support on students’ help-seeking behaviors and well-being. Participants: The sample included 123 students from a Northeastern United States University. Methods: Using a web-based survey and convenience sampling, data were collected in late 2021. Results: Most participants retrospectively reported a perceived decline in their mental health during the pandemic. Sixty-five percent of the participants reported that they did not receive professional help at a time when they needed it. Both campus mental health climate and institutional support were negatively related to anxiety symptoms. Greater institutional support predicted less social isolation. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the importance of campus climate and support on students’ well-being during the pandemic and the need for increasing students’ access to mental health care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In December 2013, violence erupted in Juba, South Sudan, and quickly spread throughout the country. By the end of 2014, one in five persons within the country had been displaced, [...]

Objective To describe and analyse the characteristics of oral cholera vaccination campaigns; Including location, target population, logistics, vaccine coverage and delivery costs. Methods We searched PubMed, the World Health Organization (WHO) website and the Cochrane database with no date or language restrictions. We contacted public health personnel, experts In the field and in ministries of health and did targeted web searches. Findings A total of 33 documents were included In the analysis. One country, Viet Nam, incorporates oral cholera vaccination into its public health programme and has administered approximately 10.9 million vaccine doses between 1997 and 2012. In addition, over 3 million doses of the two WHO pre-qualified oral cholera vaccines have been administered in more than 16 campaigns around the world between 1997 and 2014. These campaigns have either been pre-emptive or reactive and have taken place under diverse conditions, such as in refugee camps or natural disasters. Estimated two-dose coverage ranged from 46 to 88% of the target population. Approximate delivery cost per fully immunized person ranged from 0.11-3.99 United States dollars. Conclusion Experience with oral cholera vaccination campaigns continues to Increase. Public health officials may draw on this experience and conduct oral cholera vaccination campaigns more frequently. Objectif Decrire et analyser les caracteristiques des campagnes de vaccination orale contre le cholera; y compris le site, la population cible, la logistique, la couverture vaccinale et les couts de distribution. Methodes Nous avons effectue des recherches dans PubMed, le site Internet de l'Organisation mondiale de la Sante (OMS) et la base de donnees Cochrane sans aucune restriction de date ou de langue. Nous avons contacte des membres du personnel de la sante publique, des experts travaillant dans le domaine et dans les ministeres de la Sante et nous avons cible les recherches sur Internet. Resultats Nous avons inclus 33 documents au total dans l'analyse. Un seul pays, le Viet Nam, inclut la vaccination orale anticholerlque dans son programme de sante publique et a administre environ 10,9 millions de doses de vacclns entre 1997 et 2012. En outre, plus de 3 millions de doses des deux vaccins oraux anticholeriques prequalifies de I'OMS ont ete administres dans plus de 16 campagnes de vaccination dans le monde entier entre 1997 et 2014. Ces campagnes ont ete menees en prevention ou en reaction et ont eu lieu dans diverses conditions, comme dans des camps de refugies ou lors de catastrophes naturelles. La couverture estimee des deux doses etait comprise entre 46 et 88% de la population cible. Les frais de distribution approximatifs par personne entierement vaccinee sont compris entre 0,11 et 3,99 dollars. Conclusion L'experience avec les campagnes de vaccination orale contre le cholera continue a se developper. Les responsables de la sante publique peuvent tirer profit de cette experience et mener plus frequemment des campagnes de vaccination orale contre le cholera. Objetivo Describir y analizar las caracteristicas de las campanas de vacunacion oral contra el colera, incluyendo la ubicacion, la poblacion objetivo, la logistica, los costes de cobertura y la entrega de vacunas. Metodos Realizamos busquedas en PubMed, la pagina web de la Organizacion Mundial de la salud (OMS) y la base de datos Cochrane sin restricciones de fechas ni idioma. Nos pusimos en contacto con el personal de salud publica, expertos del sector y los ministerios de salud, y realizamos busquedas especificas en la web. Resultados Se incluyo un total de 33 documentos en el analisis. Un pais, Viet Nam, incorpora vacunas orales contra el colera en su programa de salud publica y ha administrado aproximadamente 10,9 millones de dosis de vacunas entre 1997 y 2012. Ademas, se han administrado mas 3 de millones de dosis de las dos vacunas orales contra el colera orales que cumplen con los requisitos de la OMS en mas de 16 campanas en todo el mundo realizadas entre 1997 y 2014. Estas campanas han sido preventivas o reactivas, y se han llevado a cabo en diversas condiciones, como en campamentos de refugiados o desastres naturales. La cobertura estimada de dos dosis oscilo entre el 46 y 88% de la poblacion objetivo. El coste aproximado del suministro por persona completamente inmunizada oscilo entre 0,11 y 3,99 dolares de los Estados Unidos. Conclusion La experiencia con las campanas de vacunacion oral contra el colera sigue aumentando. Los funcionarios de salud publica pueden aprovechar esta experiencia y realizar campanas de vacunacion orales contra el colera con mayor frecuencia., Introduction Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 causes severe diarrhoea and the main strategies to prevent the disease are to promote hygiene and to ensure safe water and sanitation. These basic [...]

During the 1990s, high levels of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) resistance to common antimalarials were reported from malaria-endemic countries, raising questions about the efficacy of chloroquine (CQ), then the mainstay of [...]

This is the first in a series of articles on confirming research during complex humanitarian emergencies. The United Nations (UN) defines a complex humanitarian emergency (CHE) as 'a humanitarian crisis [...]

Detection and control of emerging infectious diseases in conflict situations are major challenges due to multiple risk factors known to enhance emergence and transmission of infectious diseases. These include inadequate [...]

In 2002, the largest epidemic of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W135 occurred in Burkina Faso. The highest attack rate was in children ********** Meningococcal epidemics in sub-Saharan Africa have been caused, [...]

Death rates exceeded emergency thresholds at 4 sites during epidemics of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Burundi (2000-2001) and in Ethiopia (2003-2004). Deaths likely from malaria ranged from 1,000 to 8,900, [...]

* A global oral cholera vaccine (OCV) stockpile was established in 2013 to improve rapid access to the vaccine in outbreaks and emergencies in which cholera risk is high. The first deployment from the global OCV stockpile was to South Sudan in 2014 because of high cholera risk from massive population displacements within the civil war. * 256,700 doses of OCV were delivered, with high coverage, throughout the country as part of a comprehensive cholera prevention strategy by multiple agencies, some of which had little to no previous experience with this vaccine. * A cholera epidemic began during vaccination, and a basic comparison of epidemic curves in vaccinated and unvaccinated areas suggests little to no transmission occurred in vaccinated areas, though more in depth analysis is needed. * This deployment highlights the feasibility of effective deployments from the OCV stockpile and the importance of strong coordination between governmental and nongovernmental agencies in cholera prevention and control planning from the assessment of cholera risk to the deployment of the vaccines. * A larger global supply of OCV is urgently needed to cover those most in need. With limited vaccine availability now and likely in the upcoming years, more work is needed on deciding how to most efficiently use the vaccine, which may include alternative dosing regimens and targeting specific subpopulations., Background In December 2013, violence erupted in South Sudan's capital, Juba, and quickly spread throughout the country. The crisis exacerbated an already dire humanitarian situation in the youngest and one [...]