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Enterobius vermicularis , commonly known as pinworm, is a parasitic nematode primarily affecting children, with adult infestations being rare. The infection is typically transmitted via the fecal-oral route and is characterized by intense perianal itching, particularly at night. We present a case of a 39-year-old male with an unusual case of E. vermicularis infestation. He initially presented to the outpatient department with complaints of a diabetic foot ulcer, and E. vermicularis infestation was an incidental finding. This is an unusual presentation in adults. Adult Enterobius infestation must be suspected in patients with comorbidities and poor hygiene who present with persistent perianal pruritus., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent for treatment and open access publication was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, R et al.)

Kocuria species, classified within the phylum Actinomycetota , class Actinomycetes , order Micrococcales,  family Micrococcaceae , are Gram-positive coccoid bacteria. They bear morphological resemblance to Staphylococci spp and Micrococci spp, which often leads to misidentification and oversight as contaminants, given their presence as normal flora on human and animal skin and mucous membranes. Accurate identification of these organisms typically relies on automated systems such as MALDI-TOF-MS, Vitek-2 System, and 16S rRNA studies. Once considered rare, there is increasing recognition of Kocuria spp due to its emerging involvement in human infections. With increasing reports of infections associated with these bacteria, it is essential for clinical microbiologists to analyze and document the properties of the organism. This will aid clinicians in enhancing patient care and management. We present the case of a 53-year-old male patient with a complex medical history, including end-stage renal disease on maintenance hemodialysis, anemia of chronic disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and a history of rheumatic heart disease status post mitral valve replacement. This patient developed Kocuria rosea sepsis secondary to a central line catheter infection, highlighting the emerging clinical significance of Kocuria species in immunocompromised individuals., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Institutional Ethical Committee issued approval SRMIEC-ST1122-231. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, A et al.)

Achromobacter xylosoxidans (A. xylosoxidans)  is an opportunistic pathogen that is responsible for various nosocomial and community-acquired infections. It is often found in patients with cystic fibrosis or chronic lung diseases. Here, a 70-year-old female patient presented to an emergency department with complaints of diffuse abdominal pain and distension, on and off giddiness, and generalized body pain for one month with a known case of diabetes and hypertension. The patient had no history of nausea, vomiting, constipation/loose stools, or fever at the time of arrival. Then, the patient was admitted with a provisional diagnosis of incisional hernia. However, the patient developed a fever after she had undergone surgery for an incisional hernia. The blood culture reveals the growth of A. xylosoxidans.  The patient responded well to treatment with intravenous antibiotics piperacillin/tazobactam and meropenem for five days. The literature on bacteremia caused by  A. xylosoxidans  in incisional hernia patients is reviewed in this study, along with the distinct antimicrobial susceptibility pattern., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Dhakshna Murthi et al.)

The global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has revealed a surprising number of extra-pulmonary manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. While myalgia is a common clinical feature of COVID-19, other musculoskeletal manifestations of COVID-19 were infrequently described early during the pandemic. There have been emerging reports, however, of an array of neuromuscular and rheumatologic complications related to COVID-19 infection and disease course including myositis, neuropathy, arthropathy, and soft tissue abnormalities. Multimodality imaging supports diagnosis and evaluation of musculoskeletal disorders in COVID-19 patients. This article aims to provide a first comprehensive summary of musculoskeletal manifestations of COVID-19 with review of imaging., (© 2021. ISS.)

Dengue virus infection is one of the most common arthropod-borne viral diseases. A complex interplay between host and viral factors contributes to the severity of infection. The antiviral effects of three antibiotics, lomefloxacin, netilmicin, and minocycline, were examined in this study, and minocycline was found to be a promising drug. This antiviral effect was confirmed in all four serotypes of the virus. The effects of minocycline at various stages of the viral life cycle, such as during viral RNA synthesis, intracellular envelope protein expression, and the production of infectious virions, were examined and found to be significantly reduced by minocycline treatment. Minocycline also modulated host factors, including the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2). The transcription of antiviral genes, including 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1), 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 3 (OAS3), and interferon α (IFNA), was upregulated by minocycline treatment. Therefore, the antiviral activity of minocycline may have a potential clinical use against Dengue virus infection., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)