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23,497 results on '"Lee I."'

1. Role of seasonal variation on the prevalence and risk factors of trichuriasis among the aboriginal community in Malaysia

Author

Noradilah S. A., Anuar T. S., and Lee I. L.

Subjects
trichuris trichiura, low socio-economy, open defecation, untreated water, aborigines, season, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Trichuris trichiura is a soil-transmitted helminth prevalent in developing countries with poor, inadequate sanitation and unsafe water sources. In Malaysia, the prevalence of trichuriasis is relatively high among the aboriginal community due to poverty and poor sanitation. However, there are few studies to determine the seasonal variation on the prevalence and risk factors to acquire Trichuris trichiura infection in Malaysia. The present study found higher Trichuris trichiura infection during the dry season (63.6%; 138/217) in comparison to the wet season (55.5%; 142/256). Low household income, low education level and practice of open defecation were significant risk factors to acquire Trichuris trichiura infection during the wet season. Usage of untreated water supplies for daily activities was a risk factor to acquire trichuriasis during the dry season. This study highlighted that poverty and poor sanitation practices as well as drinking untreated water put the aborigines at high risk to acquire trichuriasis. Therefore, health education, improved sanitation and provision of treated water supply are recommended for the prevention and control of Trichuris trichiura infections in the aboriginal community.

Published
2022
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2. Limits on WIMP dark matter with NaI(Tl) crystals in three years of COSINE-100 data

Author

Yu, G. H., Carlin, N., Cho, J. Y., Choi, J. J., Choi, S., Ezeribe, A. C., Franca, L. E., Ha, C., Hahn, I. S., Hollick, S. J., Jeon, E. J., Joo, H. W., Kang, W. G., Kauer, M., Kim, B. H., Kim, H. J., Kim, J., Kim, K. W., Kim, S. H., Kim, S. K., Kim, W. K., Kim, Y. D., Kim, Y. H., Ko, Y. J., Lee, D. H., Lee, E. K., Lee, H., Lee, H. S., Lee, H. Y., Lee, I. S., Lee, J., Lee, J. Y., Lee, M. H., Lee, S. H., Lee, S. M., Lee, Y. J., Leonard, D. S., Luan, N. T., Machado, V. H. A., Manzato, B. B., Maruyama, R. H., Neal, R. J., Olsen, S. L., Park, B. J., Park, H. K., Park, H. S., Park, J. C., Park, K. S., Park, S. D., Pitta, R. L. C., Prihtiadi, H., Ra, S. J., Rott, C., Shin, K. A., Cavalcante, D. F. F. S., Son, M. K., Spooner, N. J. C., Truc, L. T., and Yang, L.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report limits on WIMP dark matter derived from three years of data collected by the COSINE-100 experiment with NaI(Tl) crystals, achieving an improved energy threshold of 0.7 keV. This lowered threshold enhances sensitivity in the sub-GeV mass range, extending the reach for direct detection of low-mass dark matter. Although no excess of WIMP-like events was observed, the increased sensitivity enabled a model-independent comparison between the expected WIMP signal rate-based on mass limits from our data-and DAMA's reported modulation amplitude. Our findings strongly disfavor the DAMA signal as originating from WIMP interactions, fully excluding DAMA/LIBRA 3$\sigma$ allowed regions and providing enhanced WIMP mass limits by an order of magnitude in the spin-independent model compared to previous results. In the spin-dependent model, cross-section upper limits were obtained in the mass range [0.1-5.0] GeV/c$^2$, with additional sensitivity to sub-GeV WIMPs through the inclusion of the Migdal effect. These results represent substantial progress in low-mass dark matter exploration and reinforce constraints on the longstanding DAMA claim.

Published
2025

3. Towards Hamiltonian Formalism for String Field Theory and Nonlocality

Author

Chang, Chih-Hao, Ho, Pei-Ming, Lee, I-Kwan, and Shao, Wei-Hsiang

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract

String field theories exhibit exponential suppression of interactions among component fields at high energies due to infinite-derivative factors such as $e^{\ell^2 \Box / 2}$ in their vertices. This nonlocality has hindered the development of a consistent Hamiltonian formalism, leading some to question whether such a formalism is even viable. To address this challenge, we introduce a toy model inspired by string field theory, and construct its Hamiltonian formalism by demanding that all correlation functions derived from the path-integral formalism are reproduced. Within this framework, we demonstrate that negative-norm states are eliminated by physical-state conditions, while zero-norm states decouple from the physical state space. This approach provides a novel perspective on the nonlocality inherent in string field theories., Comment: 66 pages, 1 figure; v2: minor corrections, reference added

Published
2024

5. Radiopurity measurements of liquid scintillator for the COSINE-100 Upgrade

Author

Kim, J., Ha, C., Kim, S. H., Kim, W. K., Kim, Y. D., Ko, Y. J., Lee, E. K., Lee, H., Lee, H. S., Lee, I. S., Lee, J., Lee, S. H., Lee, S. M., Lee, Y. J., and Yu, G. H.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A new 2,400 L liquid scintillator has been produced for the COSINE-100 Upgrade, which is under construction at Yemilab for the next COSINE dark matter experiment phase. The linear-alkyl-benzene-based scintillator is designed to serve as a veto for NaI(Tl) crystal targets and a separate platform for rare event searches. We measured using a sample consisting of a custom-made 445 mL cylindrical Teflon container equipped with two 3-inch photomultiplier tubes. Analyses show activity levels of $0.091 \pm 0.042$ mBq/kg for $^{238}$U and $0.012 \pm 0.007$ mBq/kg for $^{232}$Th.

Published
2024

6. Media Framing through the Lens of Event-Centric Narratives

Author

Das, Rohan, Chandra, Aditya, Lee, I-Ta, and Pacheco, Maria Leonor

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Social and Information Networks
Abstract

From a communications perspective, a frame defines the packaging of the language used in such a way as to encourage certain interpretations and to discourage others. For example, a news article can frame immigration as either a boost or a drain on the economy, and thus communicate very different interpretations of the same phenomenon. In this work, we argue that to explain framing devices we have to look at the way narratives are constructed. As a first step in this direction, we propose a framework that extracts events and their relations to other events, and groups them into high-level narratives that help explain frames in news articles. We show that our framework can be used to analyze framing in U.S. news for two different domains: immigration and gun control., Comment: Accepted to the 6th Workshop on Narrative Understanding, co-located with EMNLP 2024

Published
2024

7. COSINE-100U: Upgrading the COSINE-100 Experiment for Enhanced Sensitivity to Low-Mass Dark Matter Detection

Author

Lee, D. H., Cho, J. Y., Ha, C., Jeon, E. J., Kim, H. J., Kim, J., Kim, K. W., Kim, S. H., Kim, S. K., Kim, W. K., Kim, Y. D., Ko, Y. J., Lee, H., Lee, H. S., Lee, I. S., Lee, J., Lee, S. H., Lee, S. M., Maruyama, R. H., Park, J. C., Park, K. S., Park, K., Park, S. D., Seo, K. M., Son, M. K., and Yu, G. H.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

An upgrade of the COSINE-100 experiment, COSINE-100U, has been prepared for installation at Yemilab, a new underground laboratory in Korea, following 6.4 years of operation at the Yangyang Underground Laboratory. The COSINE-100 experiment aimed to investigate the annual modulation signals reported by the DAMA/LIBRA but observed a null result, revealing a more than 3$\sigma$ discrepancy. COSINE-100U seeks to explore new parameter spaces for dark matter detection using NaI(Tl) detectors. All eight NaI(Tl) crystals, with a total mass of 99.1 kg, have been upgraded to improve light collection efficiency, significantly enhancing dark matter detection sensitivity. This paper describes the detector upgrades, performance improvements, and the enhanced sensitivity to low-mass dark matter detection in the COSINE-100U experiment., Comment: 14 pages, 17 figures

Published
2024

8. COSINE-100 Full Dataset Challenges the Annual Modulation Signal of DAMA/LIBRA

Author

Carlin, N., Cho, J. Y., Choi, J. J., Choi, S., Ezeribe, A. C., Franca, L. E., Ha, C., Hahn, I. S., Hollick, S. J., Jeon, E. J., Joo, H. W., Kang, W. G., Kauer, M., Kim, B. H., Kim, H. J., Kim, J., Kim, K. W., Kim, S. H., Kim, S. K., Kim, W. K., Kim, Y. D., Kim, Y. H., Ko, Y. J., Lee, D. H., Lee, E. K., Lee, H., Lee, H. S., Lee, H. Y., Lee, I. S., Lee, J., Lee, J. Y., Lee, M. H., Lee, S. H., Lee, S. M., Lee, Y. J., Leonard, D. S., Luan, N. T., Machado, V. H. A., Manzato, B. B., Maruyama, R. H., Neal, R. J., Olsen, S. L., Park, B. J., Park, H. K., Park, H. S., Park, J. C., Park, K. S., Park, S. D., Pitta, R. L. C., Prihtiadi, H., Ra, S. J., Rott, C., Shin, K. A., Cavalcante, D. F. F. S., Son, M. K., Spooner, N. J. C., Truc, L. T., Yang, L., and Yu, G. H.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

For over 25 years, the DAMA/LIBRA collaboration has claimed to observe an annual modulation signal, suggesting the existence of dark matter interactions. However, no other experiments have replicated their result using different detector materials. To address this puzzle, the COSINE-100 collaboration conducted a model-independent test using 106 kg of sodium iodide as detectors, the same target material as DAMA/LIBRA. Analyzing data collected over 6.4 years, with improved energy calibration and time-dependent background description, we found no evidence of an annual modulation signal, challenging the DAMA/LIBRA result with a confidence level greater than 3$\sigma$. This finding represents a significant step toward resolving the long-standing debate surrounding DAMA/LIBRA's dark matter claim, indicating that the observed modulation is unlikely to be caused by dark matter interactions.

Published
2024

9. Lowering threshold of NaI(Tl) scintillator to 0.7 keV in the COSINE-100 experiment

Author

Yu, G. H., Carlin, N., Cho, J. Y., Choi, J. J., Choi, S., Ezeribe, A. C., França, L. E., Ha, C., Hahn, I. S., Hollick, S. J., Jeon, E. J., Joo, H. W., Kang, W. G., Kauer, M., Kim, B. H., Kim, H. J., Kim, J., Kim, K. W., Kim, S. H., Kim, S. K., Kim, W. K., Kim, Y. D., Kim, Y. H., Ko, Y. J., Lee, D. H., Lee, E. K., Lee, H., Lee, H. S., Lee, H. Y., Lee, I. S., Lee, J., Lee, J. Y., Lee, M. H., Lee, S. H., Lee, S. M., Lee, Y. J., Leonard, D. S., Luan, N. T., Machado, V. H. A., Manzato, B. B., Maruyama, R. H., Neal, R. J., Olsen, S. L., Park, B. J., Park, H. K., Park, H. S., Park, J. C., Park, K. S., Park, S. D., Pitta, R. L. C., Prihtiadi, H., Ra, S. J., Rott, C., Shin, K. A., Cavalcante, D. F. F. S., Son, M. K., Spooner, N. J. C., Truc, L. T., and Yang, L.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

COSINE-100 is a direct dark matter search experiment, with the primary goal of testing the annual modulation signal observed by DAMA/LIBRA, using the same target material, NaI(Tl). In previous analyses, we achieved the same 1 keV energy threshold used in the DAMA/LIBRA's analysis that reported an annual modulation signal with 11.6$\sigma$ significance. In this article, we report an improved analysis that lowered the threshold to 0.7 keV, thanks to the application of Multi-Layer Perception network and a new likelihood parameter with waveforms in the frequency domain. The lower threshold would enable a better comparison of COSINE-100 with new DAMA results with a 0.75 keV threshold and account for differences in quenching factors. Furthermore the lower threshold can enhance COSINE-100's sensitivity to sub-GeV dark matter searches.

Published
2024
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10. Improved background modeling for dark matter search with COSINE-100

Author

Yu, G. H., Carlin, N., Cho, J. Y., Choi, J. J., Choi, S., Ezeribe, A. C., Franca, L. E., Ha, C., Hahn, I. S., Hollick, S. J., Jeon, E. J., Joo, H. W., Kang, W. G., Kauer, M., Kim, B. H., Kim, H. J., Kim, J., Kim, K. W., Kim, S. H., Kim, S. K., Kim, W. K., Kim, Y. D., Kim, Y. H., Ko, Y. J., Lee, D. H., Lee, E. K., Lee, H., Lee, H. S., Lee, H. Y., Lee, I. S., Lee, J., Lee, J. Y., Lee, M. H., Lee, S. H., Lee, S. M., Lee, Y. J., Leonard, D. S., Luan, N. T., Manzato, B. B., Maruyama, R. H., Neal, R. J., Olsen, S. L., Park, B. J., Park, H. K., Park, H. S., Park, J. C., Park, K. S., Park, S. D., Pitta, R. L. C., Prihtiadi, H., Ra, S. J., Rott, C., Shin, K. A., Cavalcante, D. F. F. S., Son, M. K., Spooner, N. J. C., Truc, L. T., and Yang, L.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

COSINE-100 aims to conclusively test the claimed dark matter annual modulation signal detected by DAMA/LIBRA collaboration. DAMA/LIBRA has released updated analysis results by lowering the energy threshold to 0.75 keV through various upgrades. They have consistently claimed to have observed the annual modulation. In COSINE-100, it is crucial to lower the energy threshold for a direct comparison with DAMA/LIBRA, which also enhances the sensitivity of the search for low-mass dark matter, enabling COSINE-100 to explore this area. Therefore, it is essential to have a precise and quantitative understanding of the background spectrum across all energy ranges. This study expands the background modeling from 0.7 to 4000 keV using 2.82 years of COSINE-100 data. The modeling has been improved to describe the background spectrum across all energy ranges accurately. Assessments of the background spectrum are presented, considering the nonproportionality of NaI(Tl) crystals at both low and high energies and the characteristic X-rays produced by the interaction of external backgrounds with materials such as copper. Additionally, constraints on the fit parameters obtained from the alpha spectrum modeling fit are integrated into this model. These improvements are detailed in the paper.

Published
2024

11. WalledEval: A Comprehensive Safety Evaluation Toolkit for Large Language Models

Author

Gupta, Prannaya, Yau, Le Qi, Low, Hao Han, Lee, I-Shiang, Lim, Hugo Maximus, Teoh, Yu Xin, Koh, Jia Hng, Liew, Dar Win, Bhardwaj, Rishabh, Bhardwaj, Rajat, and Poria, Soujanya

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

WalledEval is a comprehensive AI safety testing toolkit designed to evaluate large language models (LLMs). It accommodates a diverse range of models, including both open-weight and API-based ones, and features over 35 safety benchmarks covering areas such as multilingual safety, exaggerated safety, and prompt injections. The framework supports both LLM and judge benchmarking and incorporates custom mutators to test safety against various text-style mutations, such as future tense and paraphrasing. Additionally, WalledEval introduces WalledGuard, a new, small, and performant content moderation tool, and two datasets: SGXSTest and HIXSTest, which serve as benchmarks for assessing the exaggerated safety of LLMs and judges in cultural contexts. We make WalledEval publicly available at https://github.com/walledai/walledeval., Comment: Under review

Published
2024

12. First Direct Search for Light Dark Matter Using the NEON Experiment at a Nuclear Reactor

Author

Choi, J. J., Ha, C., Jeon, E. J., Kim, J. Y., Kim, K. W., Kim, S. H., Kim, S. K., Kim, Y. D., Ko, Y. J., Koh, B. C., Lee, S. H., Lee, I. S., Lee, H., Lee, H. S., Lee, J. S., Oh, Y. M., and Park, B. J.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report new results from the Neutrino Elastic Scattering Observation with NaI (NEON) experiment in the search for light dark matter (LDM) using 2,636 kg$\cdot$days of NaI(Tl) exposure. The experiment employs an array of NaI(Tl) crystals with a total mass of 16.7 kg, located 23.7 meters away from a 2.8 GW thermal power nuclear reactor. We investigated LDM produced by the $\textit{invisible decay}$ of dark photons generated by high-flux photons during reactor operation. The energy spectra collected during reactor-on and reactor-off periods were compared within the LDM signal region of $1-10$ keV. No signal consistent with LDM interaction with electrons was observed, allowing us to set 90% confidence level exclusion limits for the dark matter-electron scattering cross-section ($\sigma_e$) across dark matter masses ranging from 1 keV/c$^2$ to 1 MeV/c$^2$. Our results set a 90% confidence level upper limit of $\sigma_e = 3.17\times10^{-35}~\mathrm{cm^2}$ for a dark matter mass of 100 keV/c$^2$, marking the best laboratory result in this mass range. Additionally, our search extends the coverage of LDM below 100 keV/c$^2$ first time.

Published
2024

13. Gradient-based Regularization for Action Smoothness in Robotic Control with Reinforcement Learning

Author

Lee, I, Cao, Hoang-Giang, Dao, Cong-Tinh, Chen, Yu-Cheng, and Wu, I-Chen

Subjects
Computer Science - Robotics
Abstract

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has achieved remarkable success, ranging from complex computer games to real-world applications, showing the potential for intelligent agents capable of learning in dynamic environments. However, its application in real-world scenarios presents challenges, including the jerky problem, in which jerky trajectories not only compromise system safety but also increase power consumption and shorten the service life of robotic and autonomous systems. To address jerky actions, a method called conditioning for action policy smoothness (CAPS) was proposed by adding regularization terms to reduce the action changes. This paper further proposes a novel method, named Gradient-based CAPS (Grad-CAPS), that modifies CAPS by reducing the difference in the gradient of action and then uses displacement normalization to enable the agent to adapt to invariant action scales. Consequently, our method effectively reduces zigzagging action sequences while enhancing policy expressiveness and the adaptability of our method across diverse scenarios and environments. In the experiments, we integrated Grad-CAPS with different reinforcement learning algorithms and evaluated its performance on various robotic-related tasks in DeepMind Control Suite and OpenAI Gym environments. The results demonstrate that Grad-CAPS effectively improves performance while maintaining a comparable level of smoothness compared to CAPS and Vanilla agents., Comment: Accepted to IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS) 2024

Published
2024

15. Upgrade of NaI(Tl) crystal encapsulation for the NEON experiment

Author

Choi, J. J., Jeon, E. J., Kim, J. Y., Kim, K. W., Kim, S. H., Kim, S. K., Kim, Y. D., Ko, Y. J., Koh, B. C., Ha, C., Park, B. J., Lee, S. H., Lee, I. S., Lee, H., Lee, H. S., Lee, J., and Oh, Y. M.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The Neutrino Elastic-scattering Observation with NaI(Tl) experiment (NEON) aims to detect coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering~(\cenns) in a NaI(Tl) crystal using reactor anti-electron neutrinos at the Hanbit nuclear power plant complex. A total of 13.3 kg of NaI(Tl) crystals were initially installed in December 2020 at the tendon gallery, 23.7$\pm$0.3\,m away from the reactor core, which operates at a thermal power of 2.8\,GW. Initial engineering operation was performed from May 2021 to March 2022 and observed unexpected photomultiplier-induced noise and a decreased light yield that were caused by leakage of liquid scintillator into the detector due to weakness of detector encapsulation. We upgraded the detector encapsulation design to prevent the leakage of the liquid scintillator. Meanwhile two small-sized detectors were replaced with larger ones resulting in a total mass of 16.7\,kg. With this new design implementation, the detector system has been operating stably since April 2022 for over a year without detector gain drop. In this paper, we present an improved crystal encapsulation design and stability of the NEON experiment.

Published
2024

17. Effect of storage time on the characteristics of corn and efficiency of its utilization in broiler chickens

Author

Dafei Yin, Jianmin Yuan, Yuming Guo, and Lee I. Chiba

Subjects
Broiler, Corn, Fat acidity, Metabolizable energy, Performance, Storage, Animal culture, SF1-1100
Abstract

Corn is one of the staple food and feed ingredients in China, therefore its storage is of particular importance. Corn is typically stored for 2 or more years in national barns before it is sold as a food or feed ingredient. However, the effects of stored corn in national barns on the animal performance and nutrient utilization have not been investigated thus far. This study attempted to determine the effects of storage time on the chemical and physical characteristics of corn and its nutritional value, broiler growth performance, and meat quality. Corn grains used in the present study were stored for 4 different periods, from 2 to 5 yr, under the same conditions in a building at the Beijing National Grain Storage Facility. A total of 240 birds in Exp. 1 and 90 birds in Exp. 2 were used to compare the effects of storage time on the utilization of nutrients of corn, the performance, and meat quality of broilers. The content of starch, crude protein, amino acids, fatty acids, and test weight generally decreased with increasing storage time. Corn stored for over 4 yr showed decreased catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities and increased fat acidity. Body weight gain (BWG) and European production index (EPI) of broilers from 0 to 3 wk tended to decrease linearly with storage time (0.05 0.05). The digestibility of histidine and arginine, and C18:2 and C18:3 changed quadratically with storage time (P

Published
2017
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19. Nonproportionality of NaI(Tl) Scintillation Detector for Dark Matter Search Experiments

Author

Lee, S. M., Adhikari, G., Carlin, N., Cho, J. Y., Choi, J. J., Choi, S., Ezeribe, A. C., a, L. E. Fran., Ha, C., Hahn, I. S., Hollick, S. J., Jeon, E. J., Joo, H. W., Kang, W. G., Kauer, M., Kim, B. H., Kim, H. J., Kim, J., Kim, K. W., Kim, S. H., Kim, S. K., Kim, S. W., Kim, W. K., Kim, Y. D., Kim, Y. H., Ko, Y. J., Lee, D. H., Lee, E. K., Lee, H., Lee, H. S., Lee, H. Y., Lee, I. S., Lee, J., Lee, J. Y., Lee, M. H., Lee, S. H., Lee, Y. J., Leonard, D. S., Luan, N. T., Manzato, B. B., Maruyama, R. H., Neal, R. J., Nikkel, J. A., Olsen, S. L., Park, B. J., Park, H. K., Park, H. S., Park, J. C., Park, K. S., Park, S. D., Pitta, R. L. C., Prihtiadi, H., Ra, S. J., Rott, C., Shin, K. A., Cavalcante, D. F. F. S., Scarff, A., Son, M. K., Spooner, N. J. C., Truc, L. T., Yang, L., and Yu, G. H.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We present a comprehensive study of the nonproportionality of NaI(Tl) scintillation detectors within the context of dark matter search experiments. Our investigation, which integrates COSINE-100 data with supplementary $\gamma$ spectroscopy, measures light yields across diverse energy levels from full-energy $\gamma$ peaks produced by the decays of various isotopes. These $\gamma$ peaks of interest were produced by decays supported by both long and short-lived isotopes. Analyzing peaks from decays supported only by short-lived isotopes presented a unique challenge due to their limited statistics and overlapping energies, which was overcome by long-term data collection and a time-dependent analysis. A key achievement is the direct measurement of the 0.87 keV light yield, resulting from the cascade following electron capture decay of $^{22}$Na from internal contamination. This measurement, previously accessible only indirectly, deepens our understanding of NaI(Tl) scintillator behavior in the region of interest for dark matter searches. This study holds substantial implications for background modeling and the interpretation of dark matter signals in NaI(Tl) experiments., Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures

Published
2024
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29. Alpha backgrounds in NaI(Tl) crystals of COSINE-100

Author

Adhikari, G., Carlin, N., Cavalcante, D. F. F. S., Cho, J. Y., Choi, J. J., Choi, S., Ezeribe, A. C., Franca, L. E., Ha, C., Hahn, I. S., Hollick, S. J., Jeon, E. J., Joo, H. W., Kang, W. G., Kauer, M., Kim, B. H., Kim, H. J., Kim, J., Kim, K. W., Kim, S. H., Kim, S. K., Kim, S. W., Kim, W. K., Kim, Y. D., Kim, Y. H., Ko, Y. J., Lee, D. H., Lee, E. K., Lee, H., Lee, H. S., Lee, H. Y., Lee, I. S., Lee, J., Lee, J. Y., Lee, M. H., Lee, S. H., Lee, S. M., Lee, Y. J., Leonard, D. S., Luan, N. T., Manzato, B. B., Maruyama, R. H., Neal, R. J., Nikkel, J. A., Olsen, S. L., Park, B. J., Park, H. K., Park, H. S., Park, J. C., Park, K. S., Park, S. D., Pitta, R. L. C., Prihtiadi, H., Ra, S. J., Rott, C., Scar, A., Shin, K. A., Son, M. K., Spooner, N. J. C., Truc, L. T., Yang, L., Yu, G. H., and COSINE-100, for

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

COSINE-100 is a dark matter direct detection experiment with 106 kg NaI(Tl) as the target material. 210Pb and daughter isotopes are a dominant background in the WIMP region of interest and are detected via beta decay and alpha decay. Analysis of the alpha channel complements the background model as observed in the beta/gamma channel. We present the measurement of the quenching factors and Monte Carlo simulation results and activity quantification of the alpha decay components of the COSINE-100 NaI(Tl) crystals. The data strongly indicate that the alpha decays probabilistically undergo two possible quenching factors but require further investigation. The fitted results are consistent with independent measurements and improve the overall understanding of the COSINE-100 backgrounds. Furthermore, the half-life of 216Po has been measured to be 143.4 +/- 1.2 ms, which is consistent with and more precise than recent measurements.

Published
2023
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30. Accelerometer-measured physical activity and sedentary behavior in relation to all-cause mortality: The Women's Health Study

Author

Lee, I-Min, Shiroma, Eric J, Evenson, Kelly R, Kamada, Masamitsu, LaCroix, Andrea Z, Buring, Julie E, and La Croix, Andrea

Subjects
aging, exercise, mortality, sedentary lifestyle, women, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Clinical Sciences, Public Health and Health Services, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology, Clinical sciences, Sports science and exercise
Published
2023

32. Relationship of device measured physical activity type and posture with cardiometabolic health markers: pooled dose–response associations from the Prospective Physical Activity, Sitting and Sleep Consortium

Author

Ahmadi, Matthew N., Blodgett, Joanna M., Atkin, Andrew J., Chan, Hsiu-Wen, del Pozo Cruz, Borja, Suorsa, Kristin, Bakker, Esmee A., Pulsford, Richard M., Mielke, Gregore I., Johansson, Peter J., Hettiarachchi, Pasan, Thijssen, Dick H. J., Stenholm, Sari, Mishra, Gita D., Teixeira-Pinot, Armando, Rangul, Vegar, Sherar, Lauren B., Ekelund, Ulf, Hughes, Alun D., Lee, I.-Min, Holtermann, Andreas, Koster, Annemarie, Hamer, Mark, and Stamatakis, Emmanuel

Published
2024
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33. Search for inelastic WIMP-iodine scattering with COSINE-100

Author

Adhikari, G., Carlin, N., Choi, J. J., Choi, S., Ezeribe, A. C., Franca, L. E., Ha, C., Hahn, I. S., Hollick, S. J., Jeon, E. J., Jo, J. H., Joo, H. W., Kang, W. G., Kauer, M., Kim, B. H., Kim, H. J., Kim, J., Kim, K. W., Kim, S. H., Kim, S. K., Kim, W. K., Kim, Y. D., Kim, Y. H., Ko, Y. J., Lee, D. H., Lee, E. K., Lee, H., Lee, H. S., Lee, H. Y., Lee, I. S., Lee, J., Lee, J. Y., Lee, M. H., Lee, S. H., Lee, S. M., Lee, Y. J., Leonard, S., Luan, N. T., Manzato, B. B., Maruyama, R. H., Neal, R. J., Nikkel, J. A., Olsen, S. L., Park, B. J., Park, H. K., Park, H. S., Park, K. S., Park, S. D., Pitta, R. L. C., Prihtiadi, H., Ra, S. J., Rott, C., Shin, K. A., Cavalcante, D. F. F. S., Scarff, A., Spooner, N. J. C., Thompson, W. G., Yang, L., and Yu, G. H.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We report the results of a search for inelastic scattering of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) off $^{127}$I nuclei using NaI(Tl) crystals with a data exposure of 97.7 kg$\cdot$years from the COSINE-100 experiment. The signature of inelastic WIMP-$^{127}$I scattering is a nuclear recoil accompanied by a 57.6 keV $\gamma$-ray from the prompt deexcitation, producing a more energetic signal compared to the typical WIMP nuclear recoil signal. We found no evidence for this inelastic scattering signature and set a 90 $\%$ confidence level upper limit on the WIMP-proton spin-dependent, inelastic scattering cross section of $1.2 \times 10^{-37} {\rm cm^{2}}$ at the WIMP mass 500 ${\rm GeV/c^{2}}$., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2104.03537

Published
2023
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34. Image-based Regularization for Action Smoothness in Autonomous Miniature Racing Car with Deep Reinforcement Learning

Author

Cao, Hoang-Giang, Lee, I, Hsu, Bo-Jiun, Lee, Zheng-Yi, Shih, Yu-Wei, Wang, Hsueh-Cheng, and Wu, I-Chen

Subjects
Computer Science - Robotics, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
Abstract

Deep reinforcement learning has achieved significant results in low-level controlling tasks. However, for some applications like autonomous driving and drone flying, it is difficult to control behavior stably since the agent may suddenly change its actions which often lowers the controlling system's efficiency, induces excessive mechanical wear, and causes uncontrollable, dangerous behavior to the vehicle. Recently, a method called conditioning for action policy smoothness (CAPS) was proposed to solve the problem of jerkiness in low-dimensional features for applications such as quadrotor drones. To cope with high-dimensional features, this paper proposes image-based regularization for action smoothness (I-RAS) for solving jerky control in autonomous miniature car racing. We also introduce a control based on impact ratio, an adaptive regularization weight to control the smoothness constraint, called IR control. In the experiment, an agent with I-RAS and IR control significantly improves the success rate from 59% to 95%. In the real-world-track experiment, the agent also outperforms other methods, namely reducing the average finish lap time, while also improving the completion rate even without real world training. This is also justified by an agent based on I-RAS winning the 2022 AWS DeepRacer Final Championship Cup., Comment: Accepted to IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)2023

Published
2023

36. Genetic Susceptibility to Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Risk for Pancreatic Cancer: Mendelian Randomization.

Author

Canzian, Federico, Du, Mengmeng, Gallinger, Steven, Giles, Graham, Goodman, Phyllis, Haiman, Christopher, Kogevinas, Manolis, Kooperberg, Charles, LeMarchand, Loic, Neale, Rachel, Visvanathan, Kala, White, Emily, Albanes, Demetrius, Andreotti, Gabriella, Babic, Ana, Berndt, Sonja, Brais, Lauren, Brennan, Paul, Buring, Julie, Rabe, Kari, Bamlet, William, Chanock, Stephen, Fuchs, Charles, Gaziano, J, Giovannucci, Edward, Hackert, Thilo, Hassan, Manal, Katzke, Verena, Kurtz, Robert, Lee, I-Min, Malats, Núria, Murphy, Neil, Oberg, Ann, Orlow, Irene, Porta, Miquel, Real, Francisco, Rothman, Nathaniel, Sesso, Howard, Silverman, Debra, Thompson, Ian, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, Wang, Xiaoliang, Wentzensen, Nicolas, Yu, Herbert, Zeleniuch-Jacquotte, Anne, Yu, Kai, Wolpin, Brian, Duell, Eric, Li, Donghui, Hung, Rayjean, Perdomo, Sandra, McCullough, Marjorie, Freedman, Neal, Patel, Alpa, Peters, Ulrike, Riboli, Elio, Sund, Malin, Tjønneland, Anne, Zhong, Jun, Van Den Eeden, Stephen, Kraft, Peter, Risch, Harvey, Amundadottir, Laufey, Klein, Alison, Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael, Antwi, Samuel, King, Sontoria, Veliginti, Swathi, Brouwers, Martijn, Ren, Zhewen, Zheng, Wei, Setiawan, Veronica, Wilkens, Lynne, Shu, Xiao-Ou, Arslan, Alan, Beane Freeman, Laura, and Bracci, Paige

Subjects
Humans, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genome-Wide Association Study, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Obesity, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Abstract

BACKGROUND: There are conflicting data on whether nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with susceptibility to pancreatic cancer. Using Mendelian randomization (MR), we investigated the relationship between genetic predisposition to NAFLD and risk for pancreatic cancer. METHODS: Data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) within the Pancreatic Cancer Cohort Consortium (PanScan; cases n = 5,090, controls n = 8,733) and the Pancreatic Cancer Case Control Consortium (PanC4; cases n = 4,163, controls n = 3,792) were analyzed. We used data on 68 genetic variants with four different MR methods [inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, simple median, and penalized weighted median] separately to predict genetic heritability of NAFLD. We then assessed the relationship between each of the four MR methods and pancreatic cancer risk, using logistic regression to calculate ORs and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for PC risk factors, including obesity and diabetes. RESULTS: No association was found between genetically predicted NAFLD and pancreatic cancer risk in the PanScan or PanC4 samples [e.g., PanScan, IVW OR, 1.04; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.88-1.22; MR-Egger OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.65-1.21; PanC4, IVW OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.90-1.27; MR-Egger OR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.67-1.28]. None of the four MR methods indicated an association between genetically predicted NAFLD and pancreatic cancer risk in either sample. CONCLUSIONS: Genetic predisposition to NAFLD is not associated with pancreatic cancer risk. IMPACT: Given the close relationship between NAFLD and metabolic conditions, it is plausible that any association between NAFLD and pancreatic cancer might reflect host metabolic perturbations (e.g., obesity, diabetes, or metabolic syndrome) and does not necessarily reflect a causal relationship between NAFLD and pancreatic cancer.

Published
2023

37. Search for Boosted Dark Matter in COSINE-100

Author

Adhikari, G., Carlin, N., Choi, J. J., Choi, S., Ezeribe, A. C., Franca, L. E., Ha, C., Hahn, I. S., Hollick, S. J., Jeon, E. J., Jo, J. H., Joo, H. W., Kang, W. G., Kauer, M., Kim, B. H., Kim, H. J., Kim, J., Kim, K. W., Kim, S. H., Kim, S. K., Kim, W. K., Kim, Y. D., Kim, Y. H., Ko, Y. J., Lee, D. H., Lee, E. K., Lee, H., Lee, H. S., Lee, H. Y., Lee, I. S., Lee, J., Lee, J. Y., Lee, M. H., Lee, S. H., Lee, S. M., Lee, Y. J., Leonard, D. S., Luan, N. T., Manzato, B. B., Maruyama, R. H., Neal, R. J., Nikkel, J. A., Olsen, S. L., Park, B. J., Park, H. K., Park, H. S., Park, K. S., Park, S. D., Pitta, R. L. C., Prihtiadi, H., Ra, S. J., Rott, C., Shin, K. A., Cavalcante, D. F. F. S., Scarff, A., Spooner, N. J. C., Thompson, W. G., Yang, L., and Yu, G. H.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We search for energetic electron recoil signals induced by boosted dark matter (BDM) from the galactic center using the COSINE-100 array of NaI(Tl) crystal detectors at the Yangyang Underground Laboratory. The signal would be an excess of events with energies above 4 MeV over the well-understood background. Because no excess of events are observed in a 97.7 kg$\cdot$years exposure, we set limits on BDM interactions under a variety of hypotheses. Notably, we explored the dark photon parameter space, leading to competitive limits compared to direct dark photon search experiments, particularly for dark photon masses below 4\,MeV and considering the invisible decay mode. Furthermore, by comparing our results with a previous BDM search conducted by the Super-Kamionkande experiment, we found that the COSINE-100 detector has advantages in searching for low-mass dark matter. This analysis demonstrates the potential of the COSINE-100 detector to search for MeV electron recoil signals produced by the dark sector particle interactions., Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures

Published
2023
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38. Responsive Parallelism with Synchronization

Author

Muller, Stefan K., Singer, Kyle, Keeney, Devyn Terra, Neth, Andrew, Agrawal, Kunal, Lee, I-Ting Angelina, and Acar, Umut A.

Subjects
Computer Science - Programming Languages
Abstract

Many concurrent programs assign priorities to threads to improve responsiveness. When used in conjunction with synchronization mechanisms such as mutexes and condition variables, however, priorities can lead to priority inversions, in which high-priority threads are delayed by low-priority ones. Priority inversions in the use of mutexes are easily handled using dynamic techniques such as priority inheritance, but priority inversions in the use of condition variables are not well-studied and dynamic techniques are not suitable. In this work, we use a combination of static and dynamic techniques to prevent priority inversion in code that uses mutexes and condition variables. A type system ensures that condition variables are used safely, even while dynamic techniques change thread priorities at runtime to eliminate priority inversions in the use of mutexes. We prove the soundness of our system, using a model of priority inversions based on cost models for parallel programs. To show that the type system is practical to implement, we encode it within the type systems of Rust and C++, and show that the restrictions are not overly burdensome by writing sizeable case studies using these encodings, including porting the Memcached object server to use our C++ implementation.

Published
2023

39. Search for bosonic super-weakly interacting massive particles at COSINE-100

Author

Adhikari, G., Carlin, N., Choi, J. J., Choi, S., Ezeribe, A. C., Franca, L. E., Ha, C., Hahn, I. S., Hollick, S. J., Jeon, E. J., Jo, J. H., Joo, H. W., Kang, W. G., Kauer, M., Kim, B. H., Kim, H. J., Kim, J., Kim, K. W., Kim, S. H., Kim, S. K., Kim, W. K., Kim, Y. D., Kim, Y. H., Ko, Y. J., Lee, D. H., Lee, E. K., Lee, H., Lee, H. S., Lee, H. Y., Lee, I. S., Lee, J., Lee, J. Y., Lee, M. H., Lee, S. H., Lee, S. M., Lee, Y. J., Leonard, D. S., Luan, N. T., Manzato, B. B., Maruyama, R. H., Neal, R. J., Nikkel, J. A., Olsen, S. L., Park, B. J., Park, H. K., Park, H. S., Park, K. S., Park, S. D., Pitta, R. L. C., Prihtiadi, H., Ra, S. J., Rott, C., Shin, K. A., Cavalcante, D. F. F. S., Scarff, A., Spooner, N. J. C., Thompson, W. G., Yang, L., and Yu, G. H.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We present results of a search for bosonic super-weakly interacting massive particles (BSW) as keV scale dark matter candidates that is based on an exposure of 97.7 kg$\cdot$year from the COSINE experiment. In this search, we employ, for the first time, Compton-like as well as absorption processes for pseudoscalar and vector BSWs. No evidence for BSWs is found in the mass range from 10 $\mathrm{keV/c}^2$ to 1 $\mathrm{MeV/c}^2$, and we present the exclusion limits on the dimensionless coupling constants to electrons $g_{ae}$ for pseudoscalar and $\kappa$ for vector BSWs at 90% confidence level. Our results show that these limits are improved by including the Compton-like process in masses of BSW, above $\mathcal{O}(100\,\mathrm{keV/c}^2)$.

Published
2023
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40. Search for solar bosonic dark matter annual modulation with COSINE-100

Author

Adhikari, G., Carlin, N., Choi, J. J., Choi, S., Ezeribe, A. C., França, L. E., Ha, C., Hahn, I. S., Hollick, S. J., Jeon, E. J., Jo, J. H., Joo, H. W., Kang, W. G., Kauer, M., Kim, B. H., Kim, H. J., Kim, J., Kim, K. W., Kim, S. H., Kim, S. K., Kim, W. K., Kim, Y. D., Kim, Y. H., Ko, Y. J., Lee, D. H., Lee, E. K., Lee, H., Lee, H. S., Lee, H. Y., Lee, I. S., Lee, J., Lee, J. Y., Lee, M. H., Lee, S. H., Lee, S. M., Lee, Y. J., Leonard, D. S., Luan, N. T., Manzato, B. B., Maruyama, R. H., Neal, R. J., Nikkel, J. A., Olsen, S. L., Park, B. J., Park, H. K., Park, H. S., Park, K. S., Park, S. D., Pitta, R. L. C., Prihtiadi, H., Ra, S. J., Rott, C., Shin, K. A., Cavalcante, D. F. F. S., Scarff, A., Spooner, N. J. C., Thompson, W. G., Yang, L., and Yu, G. H.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present results from a search for solar bosonic dark matter using the annual modulation method with the COSINE-100 experiment. The results were interpreted considering three dark sector bosons models: solar dark photon; DFSZ and KSVZ solar axion; and Kaluza-Klein solar axion. No modulation signal that is compatible with the expected from the models was found from a data-set of 2.82 yr, using 61.3 kg of NaI(Tl) crystals. Therefore, we set a 90$\%$ confidence level upper limits for each of the three models studied. For the solar dark photon model, the most stringent mixing parameter upper limit is $1.61 \times 10^{-14}$ for dark photons with a mass of 215 eV. For the DFSZ and KSVZ solar axion, and the Kaluza-Klein axion models, the upper limits exclude axion-electron couplings, $g_{ae}$, above $1.61 \times 10^{-11}$ for axion mass below 0.2 keV; and axion-photon couplings, $g_{a\gamma\gamma}$, above $1.83 \times 10^{-11}$ GeV$^{-1}$ for an axion number density of $4.07 \times 10^{13}$ cm$^{-3}$. This is the first experimental search for solar dark photons and DFSZ and KSVZ solar axions using the annual modulation method. The lower background, higher light yield and reduced threshold of NaI(Tl) crystals of the future COSINE-200 experiment are expected to enhance the sensitivity of the analysis shown in this paper. We show the sensitivities for the three models studied, considering the same search method with COSINE-200., Comment: 13 pages, 16 figures

Published
2023
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41. Measurement of the $B^{0} \rightarrow D^{*-} \ell^{+} \nu_{\ell}$ branching ratio and $|V_{cb}|$ with a fully reconstructed accompanying $B$ meson in 2019-2021 Belle II data

Author

Abudinén, F., Adachi, I., Adamczyk, K., Aggarwal, L., Ahlburg, P., Ahmed, H., Ahn, J. K., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Ameli, F., Andricek, L., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aulchenko, V., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Aziz, T., Babu, V., Bae, H., Baehr, S., Bahinipati, S., Bakich, A. M., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Bansal, S., Barrett, M., Batignani, G., Baudot, J., Bauer, M., Baur, A., Beaubien, A., Beaulieu, A., Becker, J., Behera, P. K., Bennett, J. V., Bernieri, E., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhardwaj, V., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bilka, T., Bilokin, S., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Bolz, A., Bondar, A., Bonvicini, G., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Braun, N., Briere, R. A., Browder, T. E., Brown, D. N., Budano, A., Burmistrov, L., Bussino, S., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Červenkov, D., Chang, M. -C., Chang, P., Cheaib, R., Cheema, P., Chekelian, V., Chen, C., Chen, Y. Q., Chen, Y. -T., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Cinabro, D., Corona, L., Cremaldi, L. M., Cunliffe, S., Czank, T., Das, S., Dash, N., Dattola, F., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., de Marino, G., De Nardo, G., De Nuccio, M., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Deschamps, B., Destefanis, M., Dey, S., De Yta-Hernandez, A., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Di Carlo, S., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Jiménez, I. Domínguez, Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dort, K., Dossett, D., Dreyer, S., Dubey, S., Duell, S., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Eidelman, S., Eliachevitch, M., Epifanov, D., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Ferlewicz, D., Fillinger, T., Finck, C., Finocchiaro, G., Fischer, P., Flood, K., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Friedl, M., Fulsom, B. G., Gabriel, M., Gabrielli, A., Gabyshev, N., Ganiev, E., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Garg, R., Garmash, A., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gebauer, U., Gellrich, A., Gemmler, J., Geßler, T., Ghevondyan, G., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Glazov, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Goldenzweig, P., Golob, B., Gomis, P., Gong, G., Grace, P., Gradl, W., Granderath, S., Graziani, E., Greenwald, D., Gu, T., Guan, Y., Gudkova, K., Guilliams, J., Hadjivasiliou, C., Halder, S., Hara, K., Hara, T., Hartbrich, O., Hayasaka, K., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Villanueva, M. Hernández, Hershenhorn, A., Higuchi, T., Hill, E. C., Hirata, H., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Hollitt, S., Hotta, T., Hsu, C. -L., Huang, K., Humair, T., Iijima, T., Inami, K., Inguglia, G., Ipsita, N., Jabbar, J. Irakkathil, Ishikawa, A., Ito, S., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Iwasaki, Y., Iwata, S., Jackson, P., Jacobs, W. W., Jaffe, D. E., Jang, E. -J., Jeandron, M., Jeon, H. B., Ji, Q. P., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Joo, C., Joo, K. K., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kadenko, I., Kahn, J., Kakuno, H., Kaliyar, A. B., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Kang, S., Karl, R., Karyan, G., Kato, Y., Kawai, H., Kawasaki, T., Ketter, C., Kichimi, H., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. -H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, H. J., Kim, K. -H., Kim, K., Kim, S. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kim, Y., Kimmel, T. D., Kindo, H., Kinoshita, K., Kleinwort, C., Knysh, B., Kodyš, P., Koga, T., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Komarov, I., Konno, T., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalchuk, N., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Kraetzschmar, T. M. G., Krinner, F., Križan, P., Kroeger, R., Krohn, J. F., Krokovny, P., Krüger, H., Kuehn, W., Kuhr, T., Kumar, J., Kumar, M., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kumita, T., Kunigo, T., Künzel, M., Kurz, S., Kuzmin, A., Kvasnička, P., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lai, Y. -T., La Licata, C., Lalwani, K., Lam, T., Lanceri, L., Lange, J. S., Laurenza, M., Lautenbach, K., Laycock, P. J., Leboucher, R., Diberder, F. R. Le, Lee, I. -S., Lee, S. C., Leitl, P., Levit, D., Lewis, P. M., Li, C., Li, L. K., Li, S. X., Li, Y. B., Libby, J., Lieret, K., Lin, J., Liptak, Z., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. A., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Loos, A., Lozar, A., Lu, P., Lueck, T., Luetticke, F., Luo, T., Lyu, C., MacQueen, C., Maggiora, M., Maiti, R., Maity, S., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Manthei, A., Marcello, S., Marinas, C., Martel, L., Martini, A., Massaccesi, L., Masuda, M., Matsuda, T., Matsuoka, K., Matvienko, D., McKenna, J. A., McNeil, J., Meggendorfer, F., Meier, F., Merola, M., Metzner, F., Milesi, M., Miller, C., Miyabayashi, K., Miyake, H., Miyata, H., Mizuk, R., Azmi, K., Mohanty, G. B., Molina-Gonzalez, N., Moneta, S., Moon, H., Moon, T., Grimaldo, J. A. Mora, Morii, T., Moser, H. -G., Mrvar, M., Müller, F. J., Muller, Th., Muroyama, G., Murphy, C., Mussa, R., Nakamura, I., Nakamura, K. R., Nakano, E., Nakao, M., Nakayama, H., Nakazawa, H., Charan, A. Narimani, Naruki, M., Natochii, A., Nayak, L., Nayak, M., Nazaryan, G., Neverov, D., Niebuhr, C., Niiyama, M., Ninkovic, J., Nisar, N. K., Nishida, S., Nishimura, K., Nouxman, M. H. A., Ogawa, K., Ogawa, S., Olsen, S. L., Onishchuk, Y., Ono, H., Onuki, Y., Oskin, P., Otani, F., Oxford, E. R., Ozaki, H., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Paladino, A., Pang, T., Panta, A., Paoloni, E., Pardi, S., Parham, K., Park, H., Park, S. -H., Paschen, B., Passeri, A., Pathak, A., Patra, S., Paul, S., Pedlar, T. K., Peruzzi, I., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Pham, F., Piccolo, M., Piilonen, L. E., Angioni, G. Pinna, Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Polat, L., Popov, V., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Purohit, M. V., Purwar, H., Rad, N., Rados, P., Raiz, S., Morales, A. Ramirez, Rasheed, R., Rauls, N., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Remnev, M., Ripp-Baudot, I., Ritter, M., Ritzert, M., Rizzo, G., Rizzuto, L. B., Robertson, S. H., Pérez, D. Rodríguez, Roney, J. M., Rosenfeld, C., Rostomyan, A., Rout, N., Russo, G., Sahoo, D., Sakai, Y., Sanders, D. A., Sandilya, S., Sangal, A., Santelj, L., Sartori, P., Sato, Y., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schnepf, M., Schram, M., Schreeck, H., Schueler, J., Schwanda, C., Schwartz, A. J., Schwenker, B., Schwickardi, M., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Seong, I. S., Serrano, J., Sevior, M. E., Sfienti, C., Shebalin, V., Shen, C. P., Shibuya, H., Shillington, T., Shimasaki, T., Shiu, J. -G., Shwartz, B., Sibidanov, A., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skambraks, S., Skorupa, J., Smith, K., Sobie, R. J., Soffer, A., Sokolov, A., Soloviev, Y., Solovieva, E., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Starič, M., Stefkova, S., Stottler, Z. S., Stroili, R., Strube, J., Sue, Y., Sugiura, R., Sumihama, M., Sumisawa, K., Sumiyoshi, T., Sutcliffe, W., Suzuki, S. Y., Svidras, H., Tabata, M., Takahashi, M., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanaka, S., Tanida, K., Tanigawa, H., Taniguchi, N., Tao, Y., Taras, P., Tenchini, F., Tiwary, R., Tonelli, D., Torassa, E., Toutounji, N., Trabelsi, K., Tsaklidis, I., Tsuboyama, T., Tsuzuki, N., Uchida, M., Ueda, I., Uehara, S., Uematsu, Y., Ueno, T., Uglov, T., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Urquijo, P., Ushiroda, Y., Usov, Y. V., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Varner, G. S., Varvell, K. E., Vinokurova, A., Vitale, L., Vobbilisetti, V., Vorobyev, V., Vossen, A., Wach, B., Waheed, E., Wakeling, H. M., Wan, K., Abdullah, W. Wan, Wang, B., Wang, C. H., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, X. L., Warburton, A., Watanabe, M., Watanuki, S., Webb, J., Wehle, S., Welsch, M., Wessel, C., Wieduwilt, P., Windel, H., Won, E., Wu, L. J., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yan, W., Yang, S. B., Ye, H., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yonenaga, M., Yook, Y. M., Yoshihara, K., Yoshinobu, T., Yuan, C. Z., Yusa, Y., Zani, L., Zhai, Y., Zhang, J. Z., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhilich, V., Zhou, J., Zhou, Q. D., Zhou, X. Y., Zhukova, V. I., Zhulanov, V., and Žlebčík, R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present a measurement of the $B^{0} \rightarrow D^{*-} \ell^{+} \nu_{\ell}$ ($\ell=e,\mu$) branching ratio and of the CKM parameter $|V_{cb}|$ using signal decays accompanied by a fully reconstructed $B$ meson. The Belle II data set of electron-positron collisions at the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance, corresponding to 189.3$\,$fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity, is analyzed. With the Caprini-Lellouch-Neubert form factor parameterization, the parameters $\eta_{\rm EW} F(1) |V_{cb}|$ and $\rho^{2}$ are extracted, where $\eta_{\rm EW}$ is an electroweak correction, $F(1)$ is a normalization factor and $\rho^{2}$ is a form factor shape parameter. We reconstruct 516 signal decays and thereby obtain $\mathcal{B} (B^{0} \rightarrow D^{*-} \ell^{+} \nu_{\ell} ) = \left(5.27 \pm 0.22~\rm{\left(stat\right)} \pm 0.38~\rm{\left(syst\right)}\right) \%$, $\eta_{EW} F(1) |V_{cb}| \times 10^{3} = 34.6 \pm 1.8~\rm{\left(stat\right)} \pm 1.7~\rm{\left(syst\right)}$, and $\rho^{2} = 0.94 \pm 0.18~\rm{\left(stat\right)} \pm 0.11~\rm{\left(syst\right)}$.

Published
2023

42. Genome-wide association study and functional characterization identifies candidate genes for insulin-stimulated glucose uptake

Author

Williamson, Alice, Norris, Dougall M, Yin, Xianyong, Broadaway, K Alaine, Moxley, Anne H, Vadlamudi, Swarooparani, Wilson, Emma P, Jackson, Anne U, Ahuja, Vasudha, Andersen, Mette K, Arzumanyan, Zorayr, Bonnycastle, Lori L, Bornstein, Stefan R, Bretschneider, Maxi P, Buchanan, Thomas A, Chang, Yi-Cheng, Chuang, Lee-Ming, Chung, Ren-Hua, Clausen, Tine D, Damm, Peter, Delgado, Graciela E, de Mello, Vanessa D, Dupuis, Josée, Dwivedi, Om P, Erdos, Michael R, Silva, Lilian Fernandes, Frayling, Timothy M, Gieger, Christian, Goodarzi, Mark O, Guo, Xiuqing, Gustafsson, Stefan, Hakaste, Liisa, Hammar, Ulf, Hatem, Gad, Herrmann, Sandra, Højlund, Kurt, Horn, Katrin, Hsueh, Willa A, Hung, Yi-Jen, Hwu, Chii-Min, Jonsson, Anna, Kårhus, Line L, Kleber, Marcus E, Kovacs, Peter, Lakka, Timo A, Lauzon, Marie, Lee, I-Te, Lindgren, Cecilia M, Lindström, Jaana, Linneberg, Allan, Liu, Ching-Ti, Luan, Jian’an, Aly, Dina Mansour, Mathiesen, Elisabeth, Moissl, Angela P, Morris, Andrew P, Narisu, Narisu, Perakakis, Nikolaos, Peters, Annette, Prasad, Rashmi B, Rodionov, Roman N, Roll, Kathryn, Rundsten, Carsten F, Sarnowski, Chloé, Savonen, Kai, Scholz, Markus, Sharma, Sapna, Stinson, Sara E, Suleman, Sufyan, Tan, Jingyi, Taylor, Kent D, Uusitupa, Matti, Vistisen, Dorte, Witte, Daniel R, Walther, Romy, Wu, Peitao, Xiang, Anny H, Zethelius, Björn, Ahlqvist, Emma, Bergman, Richard N, Chen, Yii-Der Ida, Collins, Francis S, Fall, Tove, Florez, Jose C, Fritsche, Andreas, Grallert, Harald, Groop, Leif, Hansen, Torben, Koistinen, Heikki A, Komulainen, Pirjo, Laakso, Markku, Lind, Lars, Loeffler, Markus, März, Winfried, Meigs, James B, Raffel, Leslie J, Rauramaa, Rainer, Rotter, Jerome I, Schwarz, Peter EH, and Stumvoll, Michael

Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Genetics, Biological Sciences, Clinical Research, Diabetes, Human Genome, Obesity, Nutrition, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, Metabolic and endocrine, Humans, Insulin, Genome-Wide Association Study, Insulin Resistance, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Glucose, Blood Glucose, Meta-Analysis of Glucose and Insulin-related Traits Consortium, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology, Agricultural biotechnology, Bioinformatics and computational biology
Abstract

Distinct tissue-specific mechanisms mediate insulin action in fasting and postprandial states. Previous genetic studies have largely focused on insulin resistance in the fasting state, where hepatic insulin action dominates. Here we studied genetic variants influencing insulin levels measured 2 h after a glucose challenge in >55,000 participants from three ancestry groups. We identified ten new loci (P

Published
2023

43. Efficacy of vitamin D3 supplementation on cancer mortality: Systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Author

Kuznia, Sabine, Zhu, Anna, Akutsu, Taisuke, Buring, Julie E, Camargo, Carlos A, Cook, Nancy R, Chen, Li-Ju, Cheng, Ting-Yuan David, Hantunen, Sari, Lee, I-Min, Manson, JoAnn E, Neale, Rachel E, Scragg, Robert, Shadyab, Aladdin H, Sha, Sha, Sluyter, John, Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka, Urashima, Mitsuyoshi, Virtanen, Jyrki K, Voutilainen, Ari, Wactawski-Wende, Jean, Waterhouse, Mary, Brenner, Hermann, and Schöttker, Ben

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Complementary and Integrative Health, Prevention, Nutrition, Cancer, Clinical Research, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, Good Health and Well Being, Humans, Cholecalciferol, Dietary Supplements, Neoplasms, Prognosis, Vitamin D, Mortality, Survival, Systematic review, Individual patient -data, Individual patient-data, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Neurosciences, Gerontology, Biochemistry and cell biology, Clinical sciences
Abstract

To evaluate the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on cancer mortality in the general population and on prognosis in cancer patients, a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised, placebo-controlled trials (RCTs) and individual patient data (IPD) was conducted. Overall, 14 RCTs with a total of 104,727 participants (2015 cancer deaths) were identified and 7 RCTs, including 90 % of all study participants (n = 94,068), could be included in the IPD meta-analyses. The main meta-analysis of the 14 RCTs yielded a statistically non-significant reduction in cancer mortality by 6 % (risk ratio (RR) [95%-confidence interval (95%CI)]: 0.94 [0.86-1.02]). Subgroup analyses revealed a 12 % lower cancer mortality in the vitamin D3 group compared with the placebo group in 10 trials with a daily dosing regimen (RR [95%CI]: 0.88 [0.78-0.98]), whereas no mortality reduction was seen in 4 trials using a bolus regimen (RR [95%CI]: 1.07 [0.91-1.24]; p-value for interaction: 0.042). The IPD meta-analysis (RR [95%CI]: 0.93 [0.84; 1.02]) confirmed the finding of all trials. The IPD were used to test effect modification by age, sex, body mass index, ethnicity, baseline serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration, adherence and cancer-related factors but no statistically significant findings were obtained in meta-analyses of all trials. When restricted to trials with daily dosing in a post-hoc analysis, adults aged ≥ 70 years (RR [95%CI]: 0.83 [0.77; 0.98]) and subjects with vitamin D3 therapy initiation before cancer diagnosis (RR [95%CI]: 0.87 [0.69; 0.99]) appeared to benefit most from daily vitamin D3 supplementation. Measurements of baseline 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and inclusion of other than non-Hispanic White adults were too sparse in the trials to draw conclusions. Results for all-cause and cancer-specific survival of participants with cancer were comparable to those obtained in the general population for cancer mortality. In conclusion, vitamin D3 did not reduce cancer mortality in the main meta-analysis of all RCTs because the observed risk reduction by 6 % was not statistically significant. However, a subgroup analysis revealed that vitamin D3 administered daily, in contrast to bolus supplementation, reduced cancer mortality by 12 %.

Published
2023

48. Reconstruction of $B \to \rho \ell \nu_\ell$ decays identified using hadronic decays of the recoil $B$ meson in 2019 -- 2021 Belle II data

Author

Belle II Collaboration, Abudinén, F., Adachi, I., Adamczyk, K., Aggarwal, L., Ahlburg, P., Ahmed, H., Ahn, J. K., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Ameli, F., Andricek, L., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aulchenko, V., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Babu, V., Bacher, S., Bae, H., Baehr, S., Bahinipati, S., Bakich, A. M., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Bansal, S., Barrett, M., Batignani, G., Baudot, J., Bauer, M., Baur, A., Beaubien, A., Becker, J., Behera, P. K., Bennett, J. V., Bernieri, E., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhardwaj, V., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bilka, T., Bilokin, S., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Bolz, A., Bondar, A., Bonvicini, G., Borah, J., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Braun, N., Briere, R. A., Browder, T. E., Brown, D. N., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasoli, J., Červenkov, D., Chang, M. -C., Chang, P., Cheaib, R., Cheema, P., Chekelian, V., Chen, C., Chen, Y. Q., Chen, Y. -T., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Cinabro, D., Corona, L., Cremaldi, L. M., Cunliffe, S., Czank, T., Das, S., Dash, N., Dattola, F., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., de Marino, G., De Nardo, G., De Nuccio, M., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Deschamps, B., Destefanis, M., Dey, S., De Yta-Hernandez, A., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Di Carlo, S., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Jiménez, I. Domínguez, Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dort, K., Dossett, D., Dreyer, S., Dubey, S., Duell, S., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Eidelman, S., Eliachevitch, M., Epifanov, D., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Ferlewicz, D., Fillinger, T., Finck, C., Finocchiaro, G., Fischer, P., Flood, K., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Friedl, M., Fulsom, B. G., Gabrielli, A., Gabyshev, N., Ganiev, E., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Garg, R., Garmash, A., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gebauer, U., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Glazov, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Goldenzweig, P., Golob, B., Gong, G., Grace, P., Gradl, W., Grammatico, T., Granderath, S., Graziani, E., Greenwald, D., Gruberová, Z., Gu, T., Guan, Y., Gudkova, K., Guilliams, J., Hadjivasiliou, C., Halder, S., Hara, K., Hara, T., Hartbrich, O., Hayasaka, K., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Villanueva, M. Hernández, Hershenhorn, A., Higuchi, T., Hill, E. C., Hirata, H., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Hollitt, S., Hotta, T., Hsu, C. -L., Huang, K., Humair, T., Iijima, T., Inami, K., Inguglia, G., Ipsita, N., Jabbar, J. Irakkathil, Ishikawa, A., Ito, S., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Iwasaki, Y., Jackson, P., Jacobs, W. W., Jaffe, D. E., Jang, E. -J., Jeon, H. B., Ji, Q. P., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Joo, K. K., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kadenko, I., Kahn, J., Kakuno, H., Kaleta, M., Kalita, D., Kaliyar, A. B., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Kang, S., Kapusta, P., Karl, R., Karyan, G., Kato, Y., Kawasaki, T., Ketter, C., Kichimi, H., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. -H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, H. J., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kim, Y. J., Kimmel, T. D., Kindo, H., Kinoshita, K., Kleinwort, C., Kodyš, P., Koga, T., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Komarov, I., Konno, T., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalchuk, N., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Kraetzschmar, T. M. G., Križan, P., Krohn, J. F., Krokovny, P., Krüger, H., Kuehn, W., Kuhr, T., Kumar, J., Kumar, M., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kumita, T., Kunigo, T., Kurz, S., Kuzmin, A., Kvasnička, P., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lai, Y. -T., La Licata, C., Lalwani, K., Lam, T., Lanceri, L., Lange, J. S., Laurenza, M., Lautenbach, K., Laycock, P. J., Leboucher, R., Diberder, F. R. Le, Lee, I. -S., Lee, S. C., Leitl, P., Levit, D., Lewis, P. M., Li, C., Li, L. K., Li, S. X., Li, Y. B., Libby, J., Lieret, K., Lin, J., Liptak, Z., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. A., Liu, Z. Q., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Lozar, A., Lueck, T., Luo, T., Lyu, C., Ma, Y., MacQueen, C., Maggiora, M., Maiti, R., Maity, S., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Manthei, A. C., Marcello, S., Marinas, C., Martel, L., Martellini, C., Martini, A., Martinov, T., Massaccesi, L., Masuda, M., Matsuda, T., Matsuoka, K., Matvienko, D., Maurya, S. K., McKenna, J. A., McNeil, J., Meggendorfer, F., Meier, F., Merola, M., Metzner, F., Milesi, M., Miller, C., Miyabayashi, K., Miyake, H., Miyata, H., Mizuk, R., Azmi, K., Mohanty, G. B., Molina-Gonzalez, N., Moneta, S., Moon, H., Moon, T., Moser, H. -G., Mrvar, M., Müller, F. J., Muller, Th., Mussa, R., Nakamura, I., Nakamura, K. R., Nakano, E., Nakao, M., Nakayama, H., Nakazawa, H., Nakazawa, Y., Charan, A. Narimani, Naruki, M., Narwal, D., Natkaniec, Z., Natochii, A., Nayak, L., Nayak, M., Nazaryan, G., Niebuhr, C., Niiyama, M., Ninkovic, J., Nisar, N. K., Nishida, S., Nishimura, K., Nouxman, M. H. A., Ogawa, K., Ogawa, S., Olsen, S. L., Onishchuk, Y., Ono, H., Onuki, Y., Oskin, P., Otani, F., Oxford, E. R., Ozaki, H., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Paladino, A., Pang, T., Panta, A., Paoloni, E., Pardi, S., Parham, K., Park, H., Park, J., Park, S. -H., Paschen, B., Passeri, A., Pathak, A., Patra, S., Paul, S., Pedlar, T. K., Peruzzi, I., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Pham, F., Piccolo, M., Piilonen, L. E., Angioni, G. Pinna, Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Polat, L., Popov, V., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Purohit, M. V., Purwar, H., Rad, N., Rados, P., Raiz, S., Morales, A. Ramirez, Rasheed, R., Rauls, N., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Remnev, M., Ripp-Baudot, I., Ritter, M., Ritzert, M., Rizzo, G., Rizzuto, L. B., Robertson, S. H., Pérez, D. Rodríguez, Roney, J. M., Rosenfeld, C., Rostomyan, A., Rout, N., Rozanska, M., Russo, G., Roehrken, M., Sahoo, D., Sakai, Y., Sanders, D. A., Sandilya, S., Sangal, A., Santelj, L., Sartori, P., Sato, Y., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schmitz, J., Schnepf, M., Schreeck, H., Schueler, J., Schwanda, C., Schwartz, A. J., Schwenker, B., Schwickardi, M., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Serrano, J., Sevior, M. E., Sfienti, C., Shan, W., Sharma, C., Shebalin, V., Shen, C. P., Shi, X. D., Shibuya, H., Shillington, T., Shimasaki, T., Shiu, J. -G., Shtol, D., Shwartz, B., Sibidanov, A., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skambraks, S., Skorupa, J., Smith, K., Sobie, R. J., Soffer, A., Sokolov, A., Soloviev, Y., Solovieva, E., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Starič, M., Stefkova, S., Stottler, Z. S., Stroili, R., Strube, J., Stypula, J., Sue, Y., Sugiura, R., Sumihama, M., Sumisawa, K., Sutcliffe, W., Suzuki, S. Y., Svidras, H., Tabata, M., Takahashi, M., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanaka, S., Tanida, K., Tanigawa, H., Taniguchi, N., Tao, Y., Tenchini, F., Thaller, A., Tiwary, R., Tonelli, D., Torassa, E., Toutounji, N., Trabelsi, K., Tsaklidis, I., Tsuboyama, T., Tsuzuki, N., Uchida, M., Ueda, I., Uehara, S., Uematsu, Y., Ueno, T., Uglov, T., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Urquijo, P., Ushiroda, Y., Usov, Y. V., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Varner, G. S., Varvell, K. E., Vinokurova, A., Vitale, L., Vobbilisetti, V., Vorobyev, V., Vossen, A., Vismaya, V. S., Wach, B., Waheed, E., Wakeling, H. M., Abdullah, W. Wan, Wang, B., Wang, C. H., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, X. L., Warburton, A., Watanabe, M., Watanuki, S., Webb, J., Wehle, S., Welsch, M., Werbycka, O., Wessel, C., Wiechczynski, J., Wieduwilt, P., Windel, H., Won, E., Wu, L. J., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yan, W., Yang, S. B., Ye, H., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yook, Y. M., Yoshihara, K., Yuan, C. Z., Yusa, Y., Zani, L., Zhai, Y., Zhang, J. Z., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhilich, V., Zhou, J. S., Zhou, Q. D., Zhou, X. Y., Zhukova, V. I., Zhulanov, V., and Žlebčík, R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present results on the semileptonic decays $B^0 \to \rho^- \ell^+ \nu_\ell$ and $B^+ \to \rho^0 \ell^+ \nu_\ell$ in a sample corresponding to 189.9/fb of Belle II data at the SuperKEKB $e^- e^+$ collider. Signal decays are identified using full reconstruction of the recoil $B$ meson in hadronic final states. We determine the total branching fractions via fits to the distributions of the square of the "missing" mass in the event and the dipion mass in the signal candidate and find ${\mathcal{B}(B^0\to\rho^-\ell^+ \nu_\ell) = (4.12 \pm 0.64(\mathrm{stat}) \pm 1.16(\mathrm{syst})) \times 10^{-4}}$ and ${\mathcal{B}({B^+\to\rho^0\ell^+\nu_\ell}) = (1.77 \pm 0.23 (\mathrm{stat}) \pm 0.36 (\mathrm{syst})) \times 10^{-4}}$ where the dominant systematic uncertainty comes from modeling the nonresonant $B\to (\pi\pi)\ell^+\nu_\ell$ contribution.

Published
2022

49. Measuring the Ejecta Velocities of Type Ia Supernovae from the Pan-STARRS1 Medium Deep Survey

Author

Pan, Y. -C., Jheng, Y. -S., Jones, D. O., Lee, I. -Y., Foley, R. J., Chornock, R., Scolnic, D. M., Berger, E., Challis, P. M., Drout, M., Huber, M. E., Kirshner, R. P., Kotak, R., Lunnan, R., Narayan, G., Rest, A., Rodney, S., and Smartt, S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

There is growing evidence that Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) may originate from multiple explosion channels. Previous studies have indicated that the ejecta velocity of SNe Ia is one powerful tool to discriminate between different channels. In this work, we study ~400 confirmed SNe Ia discovered by the Pan-STARRS1 Medium Deep Survey (PS1-MDS), and obtain a sample of ~50 SNe Ia that have near-peak Si II 6355 velocity (Vsi) measurements. We investigate the relationships between Vsi and various parameters, including SN light-curve width, color, host-galaxy properties, and redshift. No significant trends are identified between Vsi and light-curve parameters. Regarding the host-galaxy properties, we see a significant trend that high-velocity (HV) SNe Ia (Vsi > 12000 km/s) tend to reside in more massive galaxies compared to normal-velocity (NV) SNe Ia (Vsi < 12000 km/s) when combining both the PS1-MDS dataset and those from previous low-z studies. While we do not see a significant trend between Vsi and redshift, HV SNe Ia appear to be more prevalent in low-z samples than in high-z samples. We discuss several possibilities that could potentially contribute to this trend. Furthermore, we investigate the potential bias on SN Ia distances and find no significant difference in Hubble residuals between HV and NV subgroups., Comment: 15 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
2022

50. Determination of $|V_{cb}|$ from $B\to D\ell\nu$ decays using 2019-2021 Belle II data

Author

Belle II collaboration, Abudinén, F., Adachi, I., Adamczyk, K., Aggarwal, L., Ahlburg, P., Ahmed, H., Ahn, J. K., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Ameli, F., Andricek, L., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aulchenko, V., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Aziz, T., Babu, V., Bacher, S., Bae, H., Baehr, S., Bahinipati, S., Bakich, A. M., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Bansal, S., Barrett, M., Batignani, G., Baudot, J., Bauer, M., Baur, A., Beaubien, A., Beaulieu, A., Becker, J., Behera, P. K., Bennett, J. V., Bernieri, E., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhardwaj, V., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bilka, T., Bilokin, S., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Bolz, A., Bondar, A., Bonvicini, G., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Braun, N., Briere, R. A., Browder, T. E., Brown, D. N., Budano, A., Burmistrov, L., Bussino, S., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Červenkov, D., Chang, M. -C., Chang, P., Cheaib, R., Cheema, P., Chekelian, V., Chen, C., Chen, Y. Q., Chen, Y. -T., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Cinabro, D., Corona, L., Cremaldi, L. M., Cunliffe, S., Czank, T., Das, S., Dash, N., Dattola, F., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., de Marino, G., De Nardo, G., De Nuccio, M., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Deschamps, B., Destefanis, M., Dey, S., De Yta-Hernandez, A., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Di Carlo, S., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Jiménez, I. Domínguez, Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dort, K., Dossett, D., Dreyer, S., Dubey, S., Duell, S., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Eidelman, S., Eliachevitch, M., Epifanov, D., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Ferlewicz, D., Fillinger, T., Finck, C., Finocchiaro, G., Fischer, P., Flood, K., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Friedl, M., Fulsom, B. G., Gabriel, M., Gabrielli, A., Gabyshev, N., Ganiev, E., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Garg, R., Garmash, A., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gebauer, U., Gellrich, A., Gemmler, J., Geßler, T., Ghevondyan, G., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Glazov, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Goldenzweig, P., Golob, B., Gomis, P., Gong, G., Grace, P., Gradl, W., Granderath, S., Graziani, E., Greenwald, D., Gu, T., Guan, Y., Gudkova, K., Guilliams, J., Hadjivasiliou, C., Halder, S., Hara, K., Hara, T., Hartbrich, O., Hayasaka, K., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Villanueva, M. Hernández, Hershenhorn, A., Higuchi, T., Hill, E. C., Hirata, H., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Hollitt, S., Horak, P., Hotta, T., Hsu, C. -L., Huang, K., Humair, T., Iijima, T., Inami, K., Inguglia, G., Ipsita, N., Jabbar, J. Irakkathil, Ishikawa, A., Ito, S., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Iwasaki, Y., Iwata, S., Jackson, P., Jacobs, W. W., Jaffe, D. E., Jang, E. -J., Jeandron, M., Jeon, H. B., Ji, Q. P., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Joo, C., Joo, K. K., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kadenko, I., Kahn, J., Kakuno, H., Kaleta, M., Kaliyar, A. B., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Kang, S., Kapusta, P., Karl, R., Karyan, G., Kato, Y., Kawai, H., Kawasaki, T., Ketter, C., Kichimi, H., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. -H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, H. J., Kim, K. -H., Kim, K., Kim, S. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kim, Y., Kimmel, T. D., Kindo, H., Kinoshita, K., Kleinwort, C., Knysh, B., Kodyš, P., Koga, T., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Komarov, I., Konno, T., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalchuk, N., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Kraetzschmar, T. M. G., Krinner, F., Križan, P., Kroeger, R., Krohn, J. 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Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present a determination of the magnitude of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix element $V_{cb}$ using $B\to D\ell\nu$ decays. The result is based on $e^+e^-\to\Upsilon(4S)$ data recorded by the Belle II detector corresponding to 189.2/fb of integrated luminosity. The semileptonic decays $B^0\to D^-(\to K^+\pi^-\pi^-)\ell^+\nu_\ell$ and $B^+\to\bar D^0(\to K^+\pi^-)\ell^+\nu_\ell$ are reconstructed, where $\ell$ is either electron or a muon. The second $B$ meson in the $\Upsilon(4S)$ event is not explicitly reconstructed. Using the diamond-frame method, we determine the $B$ meson four-momentum and thus the hadronic recoil. We extract the partial decay rates as functions of $w$ and perform a fit to the decay form-factor and the CKM parameter $|V_{cb}|$ using the BGL parameterization of the form factor and lattice QCD input from the FNAL/MILC and HPQCD collaborations. We obtain $\eta_{EW}|V_{cb}|=(38.53\pm 1.15)\times 10^{-3}$, where $\eta_{EW}$ is an electroweak correction, and the error accounts for theoretical and experimental sources of uncertainty., Comment: 20 pages, 4 figures

Published
2022

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