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9. Malignant transformation of keratocystic odontogenic tumor: two case reports

Author

Lee Shermin, Kwa Chong Teck, B. T. G. Tan, A. Balakrishnan, Christopher Goh, Tay Sok Yan, and Poon Choy Yoke

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, medicine.medical_treatment, Primary Intraosseous Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Odontogenic Tumors, Malignant transformation, Biopsy, medicine, Carcinoma, Humans, Maxillary Neoplasms, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Biopsy, Needle, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Dental lamina, Combined Modality Therapy, Immunohistochemistry, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Radiation therapy, stomatognathic diseases, Mandibular Neoplasms, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic, Treatment Outcome, Otorhinolaryngology, Chemotherapy, Adjuvant, Odontogenic Cysts, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Histopathology, Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor, Radiotherapy, Adjuvant, business, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Introduction Keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOTs) are cystic tumours originating from the dental lamina of the maxilla and mandible that are lined with keratinized epithelium. While benign, they can be locally destructive and have a high recurrence rate despite treatment. Rarely, KCOTs may undergo malignant transformation into Primary Intraosseous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (PIOSCC). Case report This study reports the clinical findings, radiological scans and histopathology of 2 patients with KCOTs that underwent malignant transformation into PIOSCC. Discussion A comprehensive literature review was performed to similar reports documenting the malignant transformation of KCOTs. The potential for KCOTs to undergo malignant change should prompt oral maxillofacial surgeons and otolaryngologists to exercise a high index of suspicion when treating these lesions. Patients persisting with unresolved disease after treatment should be investigated for malignant transformation. Detailed histopathological examination of KCOT specimens is recommended to detect small foci of SCC which may be present in the epithelium.

Published
2012

10. Genetic relationship between five psychiatric disorders estimated from genome-wide SNPs

Author

Lee, Shermin, Ripke, S., Neale, B.M., Faraone, S.V., Purcell, S.M., Perlis, R.H., Mowry, B.J., Thapar, A., Goddard, M.E., Witte, J.S., Absher, D., Agartz, I., Akil, H., Amin, F., Andreassen, O.A., Anjorin, A., Anney, R., Anttila, V., Arking, D.E., Asherson, P., Azevedo, M.H., Backlund, L., Badner, J.A., Bailey, A.J., Banaschewski, T., Barchas, J.D., Barnes, M.R., Barrett, T.B., Bass, N., Battaglia, A., Bauer, M., Bayes, M., Bellivier, F., Bergen, S.E., Berrettini, W., Betancur, C., Bettecken, T., Biederman, J., Binder, E.B., Black, D.W., Blackwood, D.H., Bloss, C.S., Boehnke, M., Boomsma, D.I., Breen, G., Breuer, R., Bruggeman, R., Cormican, P., Buccola, N.G., Buitelaar, J.K., Bunney, W.E., Buxbaum, J.D., Byerley, W.F., Byrne, E.M., Caesar, S., Cahn, W., Cantor, R.M., Casas, M., Chakravarti, A., Chambert, K., Choudhury, K., Cichon, S., Cloninger, C.R., Collier, D.A., Cook, E.H., Coon, H., Cormand, B., Corvin, A., Coryell, W.H., Craig, D.W., Craig, I.W., Crosbie, J., Cuccaro, M.L., Curtis, D., Czamara, D., Datta, S., Dawson, G., Day, R., Geus, E.J. de, Degenhardt, F., Djurovic, S., Donohoe, G.J., Doyle, A.E., Duan, J., Dudbridge, F., Duketis, E., Ebstein, R.P., Edenberg, H.J., Elia, J., Ennis, S., Etain, B., Fanous, A., Farmer, A.E., Ferrier, I.N., Flickinger, M., Fombonne, E., Foroud, T., Frank, J., Franke, B., et al., Lee, Shermin, Ripke, S., Neale, B.M., Faraone, S.V., Purcell, S.M., Perlis, R.H., Mowry, B.J., Thapar, A., Goddard, M.E., Witte, J.S., Absher, D., Agartz, I., Akil, H., Amin, F., Andreassen, O.A., Anjorin, A., Anney, R., Anttila, V., Arking, D.E., Asherson, P., Azevedo, M.H., Backlund, L., Badner, J.A., Bailey, A.J., Banaschewski, T., Barchas, J.D., Barnes, M.R., Barrett, T.B., Bass, N., Battaglia, A., Bauer, M., Bayes, M., Bellivier, F., Bergen, S.E., Berrettini, W., Betancur, C., Bettecken, T., Biederman, J., Binder, E.B., Black, D.W., Blackwood, D.H., Bloss, C.S., Boehnke, M., Boomsma, D.I., Breen, G., Breuer, R., Bruggeman, R., Cormican, P., Buccola, N.G., Buitelaar, J.K., Bunney, W.E., Buxbaum, J.D., Byerley, W.F., Byrne, E.M., Caesar, S., Cahn, W., Cantor, R.M., Casas, M., Chakravarti, A., Chambert, K., Choudhury, K., Cichon, S., Cloninger, C.R., Collier, D.A., Cook, E.H., Coon, H., Cormand, B., Corvin, A., Coryell, W.H., Craig, D.W., Craig, I.W., Crosbie, J., Cuccaro, M.L., Curtis, D., Czamara, D., Datta, S., Dawson, G., Day, R., Geus, E.J. de, Degenhardt, F., Djurovic, S., Donohoe, G.J., Doyle, A.E., Duan, J., Dudbridge, F., Duketis, E., Ebstein, R.P., Edenberg, H.J., Elia, J., Ennis, S., Etain, B., Fanous, A., Farmer, A.E., Ferrier, I.N., Flickinger, M., Fombonne, E., Foroud, T., Frank, J., Franke, B., and et al.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext, Most psychiatric disorders are moderately to highly heritable. The degree to which genetic variation is unique to individual disorders or shared across disorders is unclear. To examine shared genetic etiology, we use genome-wide genotype data from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) for cases and controls in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We apply univariate and bivariate methods for the estimation of genetic variation within and covariation between disorders. SNPs explained 17-29% of the variance in liability. The genetic correlation calculated using common SNPs was high between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (0.68 +/- 0.04 s.e.), moderate between schizophrenia and major depressive disorder (0.43 +/- 0.06 s.e.), bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder (0.47 +/- 0.06 s.e.), and ADHD and major depressive disorder (0.32 +/- 0.07 s.e.), low between schizophrenia and ASD (0.16 +/- 0.06 s.e.) and non-significant for other pairs of disorders as well as between psychiatric disorders and the negative control of Crohn's disease. This empirical evidence of shared genetic etiology for psychiatric disorders can inform nosology and encourages the investigation of common pathophysiologies for related disorders.

Published
2013

11. The utility of ultrasonography for the diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of hip joint in congenital muscular torticollis

Author

Park, H.K., Kang, E.Y., Lee, Shermin, Kim, K.M., Jung, A.Y., Nam, D.H., Park, H.K., Kang, E.Y., Lee, Shermin, Kim, K.M., Jung, A.Y., and Nam, D.H.

Abstract

Contains fulltext : 117854.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access), OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a routine ultrasonography (US) is necessary for diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of hip (DDH), presenting with congenital muscular torticollis (CMT). METHODS: Cases of 133 patients (81 males, 52 females) diagnosed as CMT were reviewed, retrospectively. We reviewed the medical charts and diagnostic examination. We also assessed the coincidence of CMT and DDH, and investigated the clinical features of CMT related to DDH. RESULTS: Twenty (15.0%) patients out of 133 CMT patients were diagnosed as having DDH by US. Of whom, 8 patients were radiographically positive and 4 patients were both clinically and radiographically positive. Nine patients were treated with a harness and 1 of them needed closed reduction and casting. Out of 9 patients treated with a harness, only 4 were clinically positive. The difference and ratio of the sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscle thickness between the normal and abnormal side was significantly greater in DDH patients (p=0.014). Further, receiver operating characteristic analysis showed when the SCM ratio is greater than 2.08 and the SCM difference is greater than 6.1 mm, the efficiency of US for the diagnosis of the DDH was found to be the best (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: To evaluate DDH, physical examination showed low sensitivity and radiologic study has limitation for the child before 4 to 6 months of age. Therefore, we recommend that hip is screened by US for the diagnosis of DDH associated with CMT when physical examination is positive or CMT patients with large SCM difference and high SCM ratio.

Published
2013

15. Segmental mandibular bone reconstruction with a carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite-coated modular endoprosthetic poly(ɛ-caprolactone) scaffold in Macaca fascicularis.

Author

Chanchareonsook, Nattharee, Tideman, Henk, Feinberg, Stephen E., Jongpaiboonkit, Leenaporn, Lee, Shermin, Flanagan, Colleen, Krishnaswamy, Gita, and Jansen, John

Abstract

A bio-degradable scaffold incorporating osteoinductive factors is one of the alternative methods for achieving the regeneration of a mandibular bone defect. The current pilot study addressed such a bone reconstruction in a non-human primate model, Macaca fascicularis monkeys, with an engineered poly(ɛ-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffold, provided with a carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite coating. The scaffolds were implanted into unilaterally created mandibular segmental defects in 24 monkeys. Three experimental groups were formed: (1) scaffolds with rhBMP-2 ( n = 8), (2) scaffolds with autologous mixed bone marrow cells ( n = 8), and (3) empty scaffolds as a control group ( n = 8). Evaluation was based on clinical observation as well as micro-CT, mechanical, and histological analyses. Despite a high infection rate, the overall results showed that the currently designed PCL scaffolds had insufficient load-bearing capability, and complete bone union was not achieved after 6 months of implantation. Nevertheless, the group of PCL scaffolds loaded with rhBMP-2 showed evidence of bone-regenerative potential, in contrast to PCL with autologous mixed bone marrow cells and the control group. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 102B: 962-976, 2014. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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16. Malignant transformation of keratocystic odontogenic tumor: Two case reports.

Author

Tan, Bernard, Tay Sok Yan, Lee Shermin, Kwa Chon Teck, Poon Choy Yoke, Goh, Christopher, and Balakrishnan, Abhilash

Abstract

Introduction: Keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOTs) are cystic tumours originating from the dental lamina of the maxilla and mandible that are lined with keratinized epithelium. While benign, they can be locally destructive and have a high recurrence rate despite treatment. Rarely, KCOTs may undergo malignant transformation into Primary Intraesseous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (PIOSCC). Case report: This study reports the clinical findings, radiological scans and histopathology of 2 patients with KCOTs that underwent malignant transformation into PIOSCC. Discussion: A comprehensive literature review was performed to similar reports documenting the malignant transformation of KCOTs. The potential for KCOTs to undergo malignant change should prompt oral maxillofacial surgeons and otolaryngologists to exercise a high index of suspicion when treating these lesions. Patients persisting with unresolved disease after treatment should be investigated for malignant transformation. Detailed histopathological examination of KCOT specimens is recommended to detect small foci of SCC which may be present in the epithelium. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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