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1. Early Experience with the Paul Glaucoma Implant in Childhood Glaucoma: A Case Series

Author

Elhusseiny AM, Khodeiry MM, Lee RK, Shaarawy T, Waqar S, and Sayed MS

Subjects
glaucoma, pediatric, intraocular pressure, tube, paul glaucoma implant, Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Abdelrahman M Elhusseiny,1,2,* Mohamed M Khodeiry,3,4,* Richard K Lee,4 Tarek Shaarawy,5 Salman Waqar,6 Mohamed S Sayed6 1Department of Ophthalmology, Harvey and Bernice Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; 3Department of Ophthalmology, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; 4Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; 5Department of Ophthalmology, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; 6Glaucoma Division, Moorfields Eye Hospitals, Dubai, United Arab Emirates*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Mohamed S Sayed, Glaucoma Division, Moorfields Eye Hospitals, Dubai, United Arab Emirates, Tel +97144297888, Email msayed82@hotmail.comPurpose: The Paul glaucoma implant (PGI, Advanced Ophthalmic Innovations, Singapore, Republic of Singapore) is a recently developed novel non-valved glaucoma drainage device (GDD) designed to effectively reduce the intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma patients with a theoretically reduced risk of postoperative complications such as hypotony, endothelial cell loss, strabismus, and diplopia. Limited literature has evaluated its use in adult glaucoma; however, its use in pediatric glaucoma has not been reported to date. We present our early experience with PGI in refractory childhood glaucoma.Patients and Methods: This study was retrospective single-surgeon case series in a single tertiary center.Results: Three eyes of 3 patients with childhood glaucoma were enrolled in the study. During nine months of follow-up, postoperative IOP and number of glaucoma medications were significantly lower than preoperative values in all the enrolled patients. None of the patients developed postoperative complications including postoperative hypotony, choroidal detachment, endophthalmitis, or corneal decompensation.Conclusion: PGI is an efficient and relatively safe surgical treatment option in patients with refractory childhood glaucoma. Further studies with larger number of participants and longer follow-up period are required to confirm our encouraging results.Keywords: glaucoma, pediatric, intraocular pressure, tube, Paul glaucoma implant

Published
2023

2. Analysis of Socioeconomic Factors Affecting Follow-Up in a Glaucoma Screening Program

Author

Staropoli PC, Lee RK, Kroger ZA, Somohano K, Feldman M, Verriotto JD, Aldahan A, Rosa PR, Feuer WJ, Zheng DD, Lee DJ, and Lam BL

Subjects
epidemiology, follow-up, glaucoma, socioeconomics, Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Patrick C Staropoli, 1 Richard K Lee, 1 Zachary A Kroger, 2 Karina Somohano, 3 Matthew Feldman, 4 Jennifer D Verriotto, 1 Adam Aldahan, 5 Potyra R Rosa, 1 William J Feuer, 1 D Diane Zheng, 6 David J Lee, 1, 6 Byron L Lam 1 1Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; 2Ophthalmology Department, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; 3Ophthalmology Department, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA; 4Neurology Department, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; 5Dermatology Department, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA; 6Department of Public Health Sciences, University Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USACorrespondence: Byron L LamBascom Palmer Eye Institute, 900 NW 17 Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USATel +1 305-326-6021Fax +1 305 326 6114Email blam@med.miami.eduPurpose: To determine what socioeconomic factors affect follow-up in a glaucoma screening program.Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of six health fairs in South Florida from October 2012 to March 2013 among socially and economically disadvantaged populations. Visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP), cup-to-disc ratio (CDR), and visual field testing were obtained to identify glaucoma suspects. Glaucoma suspects were defined as having intraocular pressure ≥ 24 mm Hg, cup-to-disc ratio of ≥ 0.6 in either eye, or glaucomatous defects on visual field testing. In July 2015, telephone surveys were administered to assess follow up and socioeconomic factors.Results: Seventy-two out of 144 (50%) glaucoma suspects responded to the survey and were included in the analysis. Of the 72 respondents, average age was 52.8 years old and 65% were female. The most common race was African American (69%) and ethnicity was Haitian (51%). Glaucoma suspects who followed up were significantly more likely to have health insurance compared to those who did not follow up (74% vs 43%, p = 0.014). No significant difference in follow-up based on age (p = 0.125), education (p = 0.151), gender (p = 0.48), or ethnicity (p = 0.707) was identified. Of the 30 respondents, who did not follow up, the most common reasons were “no insurance” (57%, 17/30) and “not worried” (33%, 10/30).Conclusion: Insurance was the main socioeconomic factor in determining whether glaucoma suspects followed up after community health screenings. Streamlining social services could increase clinical access of glaucoma suspects.Keywords: epidemiology, follow-up, glaucoma, socioeconomics

Published
2021

3. Peripapillary Halo in Inflammatory Papillitis of Birdshot Chorioretinopathy

Author

Khodeiry MM, Liu X, Sayed MS, Goldhardt R, Gregori G, Albini TA, and Lee RK

Subjects
birdshot chorioretinitis, optical coherence tomography, optic nerve head, peripapillary halo, peripapillary atrophy, Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Mohamed M Khodeiry,1,2 Xiangxiang Liu,1,3 Mohamed S Sayed,1 Raquel Goldhardt,1 Giovanni Gregori,1 Thomas A Albini,1 Richard K Lee1 1Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 33136, USA; 2Research Institute of Ophthalmology, Department of Ophthalmology, Giza, 12557, Egypt; 3Beijing Eye Institute, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Eye Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Richard K LeeBascom Palmer Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 900 NW 17 th Street, Miami, FL 33136, USATel +1 305 326-6400Fax +1 305 547-3658Email rlee@med.miami.eduPurpose: Peripapillary halos (PPH) are peripapillary changes observed surrounding the optic nerve head in normal eyes and eyes with different disorders. Recognizing the microstructure and mechanism of development of these halos will help clinicians understand the different associated retinal and optic nerve head pathologies. We describe the in vivo histological characteristics of PPH in birdshot chorioretinopathy (BSCR).Patients and Methods: This was a prospective observational case-series in a single tertiary referral center. Six eyes of three patients with PPH associated with BSCR were determined through clinical examination, fundus photography, and fundus autofluorescence (FAF). Patients underwent swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) imaging of the optic nerve head and peripapillary region.Results: In SS-OCT B-scans across the area of PPH, we observed thinning and interruption of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-Bruch’s membrane complex. These halos are a circumferential form of alpha zone RPE-associated crescentic peripapillary atrophy (PPA), unlike the PPH observed with myopia and normal aging.Conclusion: PPH in BSCR patients may be a sign of prior inflammatory optic neuropathy.Keywords: birdshot chorioretinitis, optical coherence tomography, optic nerve head, peripapillary halo, peripapillary atrophy

Published
2021

4. Hypothesis-independent pathway analysis implicates GABA and Acetyl-CoA metabolism in primary open-angle glaucoma and normal-pressure glaucoma

Author

Bailey, JNC, Yaspan, BL, Pasquale, LR, Hauser, MA, Kang, JH, Loomis, SJ, Brilliant, M, Budenz, DL, Christen, WG, Fingert, J, Gaasterland, D, Gaasterland, T, Kraft, P, Lee, RK, Lichter, PR, Liu, Y, McCarty, CA, Moroi, SE, Richards, JE, Realini, T, Schuman, JS, Scott, WK, Singh, K, Sit, AJ, Vollrath, D, Wollstein, G, Zack, DJ, Zhang, K, Pericak-Vance, MA, Allingham, RR, Weinreb, RN, Haines, JL, and Wiggs, JL

Subjects
Genetics & Heredity, Genetics, Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine
Abstract

Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Using genome-wide association single-nucleotide polymorphism data from the Glaucoma Genes and Environment study and National Eye Institute Glaucoma Human Genetics Collaboration comprising 3,108 cases and 3,430 controls, we assessed biologic pathways as annotated in the KEGG database for association with risk of POAG. After correction for genic overlap among pathways, we found 4 pathways, butanoate metabolism (hsa00650), hematopoietic cell lineage (hsa04640), lysine degradation (hsa00310) and basal transcription factors (hsa03022) related to POAG with permuted p

Published
2014

5. Vascular tone pathway polymorphisms in relation to primary open-angle glaucoma

Author

Kang, JH, Loomis, SJ, Yaspan, BL, Bailey, JC, Weinreb, RN, Lee, RK, Lichter, PR, Budenz, DL, Liu, Y, Realini, T, Gaasterland, D, Gaasterland, T, Friedman, DS, McCarty, CA, Moroi, SE, Olson, L, Schuman, JS, Singh, K, Vollrath, D, Wollstein, G, Zack, DJ, Brilliant, M, Sit, AJ, Christen, WG, Fingert, J, Forman, JP, Buys, ES, Kraft, P, Zhang, K, Allingham, RR, Pericak-Vance, MA, Richards, JE, Hauser, MA, Haines, JL, Wiggs, JL, and Pasquale, LR

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Ophthalmology and Optometry, Aging, Neurosciences, Genetics, Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision, Neurodegenerative, Clinical Research, Cardiovascular, AMP-Activated Protein Kinases, Aged, Case-Control Studies, Caveolin 1, Dynamin II, Dynamins, Endothelium, Vascular, Female, GTP-Binding Proteins, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genotype, Glaucoma, Open-Angle, Humans, Inositol 1, 4, 5-Trisphosphate Receptors, Intraocular Pressure, Male, Middle Aged, Muscle, Smooth, Vascular, Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Receptor, Endothelin B, Receptors, Endothelin, Signal Transduction, Clinical Sciences, Immunology, Opthalmology and Optometry, Ophthalmology & Optometry, Ophthalmology and optometry
Abstract

AimsVascular perfusion may be impaired in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG); thus, we evaluated a panel of markers in vascular tone-regulating genes in relation to POAG.MethodsWe used Illumina 660W-Quad array genotype data and pooled P-values from 3108 POAG cases and 3430 controls from the combined National Eye Institute Glaucoma Human Genetics Collaboration consortium and Glaucoma Genes and Environment studies. Using information from previous literature and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, we compiled single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 186 vascular tone-regulating genes. We used the 'Pathway Analysis by Randomization Incorporating Structure' analysis software, which performed 1000 permutations to compare the overall pathway and selected genes with comparable randomly generated pathways and genes in their association with POAG.ResultsThe vascular tone pathway was not associated with POAG overall or POAG subtypes, defined by the type of visual field loss (early paracentral loss (n=224 cases) or only peripheral loss (n=993 cases)) (permuted P≥0.20). In gene-based analyses, eight were associated with POAG overall at permuted P

Published
2014

6. Role of the Vision Van, a mobile ophthalmic outpatient clinic, in the Great East Japan Earthquake

Author

Yuki K, Nakazawa T, Kurosaka D, Yoshida T, Alfonso EC, Lee RK, Takano S, and Tsubota K

Subjects
Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Kenya Yuki,1 Toru Nakazawa,2 Daijiro Kurosaka,3 Tsunehiko Yoshida,4–6 Eduardo C Alfonso,7 Richard K Lee,7 Shigeru Takano,8 Kazuo Tsubota1 1Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan; 4The House of Representatives of Japan, Tokyo, Japan; 5Nagoya University Hospital, Aichi, Japan; 6Aichi Medical University Hospital, Aichi, Japan; 7Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA; 8Japan Ophthalmological Association, Tokyo, Japan Purpose: The Great East Japan Earthquake of March 11, 2011 triggered powerful tsunami waves off the northeastern Pacific coast of Japan that destroyed almost all of the built-up areas along the coast. The study reported here examined the role played by the Vision Van, a mobile outpatient ophthalmological clinic, in providing eye care to disaster evacuees. Methods: This was a retrospective case-series study of 2,070 victims (male: 732, female: 1,338) who visited the Vision Van. The subjects' medical records were examined retrospectively and analyzed in terms of age, sex, and date of visit to the Vision Van. Information regarding each patient's chief complaint, diagnosis, medication(s) prescribed, and eyeglasses and contact lenses provided, was also examined. Results: The Vision Van was used to conduct medical examinations on 39 days between April 23 and June 29, 2011. The average number of subjects visiting the Vision Van each day was 53±31 (range: 7–135), with examinations carried out in Miyagi Prefecture and Iwate Prefecture. The most frequent complaint was a need for eye drops (871/2,070 [42.1%]). The second and third most frequent complaints, respectively, were the need for contact lenses (294/2,070 [14.2%]) and eyeglasses (280/2,070 [13.5%]). The most frequent ocular disease diagnosis was cataract (497/2,070 [24.0%]). Eye drops were prescribed to 74.1% of the subjects. Conclusion: Mobile clinics such as the Vision Van provide valuable care, in this case, particularly to individuals who lost or left behind eyeglasses or contact lenses while escaping a natural disaster, and to subjects with chronic eye disease. Keywords: natural disaster, disaster relief, eye care, mobile medical services

Published
2014

7. Acute bilateral angle closure glaucoma induced by methazolamide

Author

Aref AA, Sayyad FE, Ayres B, and Lee RK

Subjects
Ophthalmology, RE1-994
Abstract

Ahmad A Aref,1,2 Fouad E Sayyad,2 Bernadete Ayres,2 Richard K Lee21Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, 2Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USAPurpose: To report a case of bilateral acute myopia and angle closure glaucoma after ingestion of methazolamide.Methods: An interventional case report of a 70-year-old male who developed bilateral, acute myopia and angle closure glaucoma after ingesting methazolamide tablets for the treatment of normal tension glaucoma.Results: Bilateral anterior chamber shallowing associated with ciliary body edema, supraciliary effusions, and shallow posterior choroidal effusions were documented with slit-lamp photography and high-frequency ultrasonography. Near complete resolution of these signs after discontinuation of methazolamide were also documented.Conclusion: Methazolamide may be associated with secondary myopia and angle closure glaucoma. Discontinuation of methazolamide leads to resolution of this process, as documented by slit-lamp photography and high-frequency ultrasonography.Keywords: glaucoma, glaucoma pharmacology, angle closure glaucoma

Published
2013

8. Broadband control on scattering events with interferometric coherent waves

Author

Lee, JY, Huang, L, Xu, L, Miroshnichenko, AE, Lee, RK, Lee, JY, Huang, L, Xu, L, Miroshnichenko, AE, and Lee, RK

Abstract

We propose a universal strategy to realize a broadband control on arbitrary scatterers, through multiple coherent beams. By engineering the phases and amplitudes of incident beams, one can suppress the dominant scattering partial waves, making the obstacle lose its intrinsic responses in a broadband spectrum. The associated coherent beams generate a finite and static region, inside which the corresponding electric field intensity and Poynting vector vanish. As a solution to go beyond the sum-rule limit, our methodology is also irrespective of inherent system properties, as well as extrinsic operating wavelength, providing a non-invasive control on the wave-obstacles interaction for any kinds of shape.

Published
2021

9. Author Correction: Cross-ancestry genome-wide association analysis of corneal thickness strengthens link between complex and Mendelian eye diseases

Author

Iglesias, AI, Mishra, A, Vitart, V, Bykhovskaya, Y, Hoehn, R, Springelkamp, H, Cuellar-Partida, G, Gharahkhani, P, Bailey, JNC, Willoughby, CE, Li, X, Yazar, S, Nag, A, Khawaja, AP, Polasek, O, Siscovick, D, Mitchell, P, Tham, YC, Haines, JL, Kearns, LS, Hayward, C, Shi, Y, van Leeuwen, EM, Taylor, KD, Bonnemaijer, P, Rotter, JI, Martin, NG, Zeller, T, Mills, RA, Souzeau, E, Staffieri, SE, Jonas, JB, Schmidtmann, I, Boutin, T, Kang, JH, Lucas, SEM, Wong, TY, Beutel, ME, Wilson, JF, Uitterlinden, AG, Vithana, EN, Foster, PJ, Hysi, PG, Hewitt, AW, Khor, CC, Pasquale, LR, Montgomery, GW, Klaver, CCW, Aung, T, Pfeiffer, N, Mackey, DA, Hammond, CJ, Cheng, C-Y, Craig, JE, Rabinowitz, YS, Wiggs, JL, Burdon, KP, van Duijn, CM, MacGregor, S, Wang, JJ, Rochtchina, E, Attia, J, Scott, R, Holliday, EG, Baird, PN, Xie, J, Inouye, M, Viswanathan, A, Sim, X, Allingham, RR, Brilliant, MH, Budenz, DL, Christen, WG, Fingert, J, Friedman, DS, Gaasterland, D, Gaasterland, T, Hauser, MA, Kraft, P, Lee, RK, Lichter, PR, Liu, Y, Loomis, SJ, Moroi, SE, Pericak-Vance, MA, Realini, A, Richards, JE, Schuman, JS, Scott, WK, Singh, K, Sit, AJ, Vollrath, D, Weinreb, RN, Wollstein, G, Zack, DJ, Zhang, K, Donnelly, P, Barroso, I, Blackwell, JM, Bramon, E, Brown, MA, Casas, JP, Corvin, A, Deloukas, P, Duncanson, A, Jankowski, J, Markus, HS, Mathew, CG, Palmer, CNA, Plomin, R, Rautanen, A, Sawcer, SJ, Trembath, RC, Wood, NW, Spencer, CCA, Band, G, Bellenguez, C, Freeman, C, Hellenthal, G, Giannoulatou, E, Pirinen, M, Pearson, R, Strange, A, Su, Z, Vukcevic, D, Langford, C, Hunt, SE, Edkins, S, Gwilliam, R, Blackburn, H, Bumpstead, SJ, Dronov, S, Gillman, M, Gray, E, Hammond, N, Jayakumar, A, McCann, OT, Liddle, J, Potter, SC, Ravindrarajah, R, Ricketts, M, Waller, M, Weston, P, Widaa, S, Whittaker, P, Grp, BMES-G, Consortium, N, and Control, WTC

Subjects
Lumican, genetic structures, Fibrillin-1, General Physics and Astronomy, Gene Expression, Q1, Corneal Diseases, Marfan Syndrome, Cornea, ADAMTS Proteins, Myopia, Link (knot theory), lcsh:Science, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary, Multidisciplinary, Eye Diseases, Hereditary, symbols, NEIGHBORHOOD consortium, ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING, Proteoglycans, Decorin, Glaucoma, Open-Angle, Science, Quantitative Trait Loci, Computational biology, Biology, Keratoconus, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, White People, Article, symbols.namesake, Transforming Growth Factor beta2, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, Asian People, Genome-Wide Association Analysis, Humans, Author Correction, Eye Disease and Disorders of Vision, Loeys-Dietz Syndrome, Genome, Human, Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium 2, Blue Mountains Eye Study - GWAS group, General Chemistry, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, R1, eye diseases, Mendelian inheritance, Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, lcsh:Q, sense organs, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Central corneal thickness (CCT) is a highly heritable trait associated with complex eye diseases such as keratoconus and glaucoma. We perform a genome-wide association meta-analysis of CCT and identify 19 novel regions. In addition to adding support for known connective tissue-related pathways, pathway analyses uncover previously unreported gene sets. Remarkably, >20% of the CCT-loci are near or within Mendelian disorder genes. These included FBN1, ADAMTS2 and TGFB2 which associate with connective tissue disorders (Marfan, Ehlers-Danlos and Loeys-Dietz syndromes), and the LUM-DCN-KERA gene complex involved in myopia, corneal dystrophies and cornea plana. Using index CCT-increasing variants, we find a significant inverse correlation in effect sizes between CCT and keratoconus (r = −0.62, P = 5.30 × 10−5) but not between CCT and primary open-angle glaucoma (r = −0.17, P = 0.2). Our findings provide evidence for shared genetic influences between CCT and keratoconus, and implicate candidate genes acting in collagen and extracellular matrix regulation., Reduced central corneal thickness (CCT) is observed in common eye diseases as well as in rare Mendelian disorders. Here, in a cross-ancestry GWAS, the authors identify 19 novel genetic loci associated with CCT, a subset of which is involved in rare corneal or connective tissue disorders.

Published
2019

10. Linear control of light scattering with multiple coherent waves excitation

Author

Lee, JY, Chung, YH, Miroshnichenko, AE, Lee, RK, Lee, JY, Chung, YH, Miroshnichenko, AE, and Lee, RK

Abstract

With the wave interferometric approach, we study how extrinsically coherent waves excitation can dramatically alter the overall scattering properties, resulting in tailoring the energy assignment between radiation and dissipation, as well as filtering multipolar resonances. As an illustration, we consider cylindrical passive systems encountered by arbitrary configurations of incident waves with various illuminating directions, phases, and intensities. With formulas for dissipation and radiation powers, we demonstrate that a coherent superposition of incident waves extrinsically interferes with the targeted channels in a desirable way. Moreover, the interferometric results can be irrespective of inherent system properties such as size, material, and structure. Our approach paves a non-invasive solution to manipulate wave–obstacle interaction at will.

Published
2019

11. Cross-ancestry genome-wide association analysis of corneal thickness strengthens link between complex and Mendelian eye diseases (vol 9, 1864, 2018)

Author

Iglesias, AI, Mishra, A, Vitart, V, Bykhovskaya, Y, Hoehn, R, Springelkamp, H, Cuellar-Partida, G, Gharahkhani, P, Bailey, JNC, Willoughby, CE, Li, X, Yazar, S, Nag, A, Khawaja, AP, Polasek, O, Siscovick, D, Mitchell, P, Tham, YC, Haines, JL, Kearns, LS, Hayward, C, Shi, Y, van Leeuwen, EM, Taylor, KD, Bonnemaijer, P, Rotter, JI, Martin, NG, Zeller, T, Mills, RA, Souzeau, E, Staffieri, SE, Jonas, JB, Schmidtmann, I, Boutin, T, Kang, JH, Lucas, SEM, Wong, TY, Beutel, ME, Wilson, JF, Uitterlinden, AG, Vithana, EN, Foster, PJ, Hysi, PG, Hewitt, AW, Khor, CC, Pasquale, LR, Montgomery, GW, Klaver, CCW, Aung, T, Pfeiffer, N, Mackey, DA, Hammond, CJ, Cheng, C-Y, Craig, JE, Rabinowitz, YS, Wiggs, JL, Burdon, KP, van Duijn, CM, MacGregor, S, Wang, JJ, Rochtchina, E, Attia, J, Scott, R, Holliday, EG, Baird, PN, Xie, J, Inouye, M, Viswanathan, A, Sim, X, Allingham, RR, Brilliant, MH, Budenz, DL, Christen, WG, Fingert, J, Friedman, DS, Gaasterland, D, Gaasterland, T, Hauser, MA, Kraft, P, Lee, RK, Lichter, PR, Liu, Y, Loomis, SJ, Moroi, SE, Pericak-Vance, MA, Realini, A, Richards, JE, Schuman, JS, Scott, WK, Singh, K, Sit, AJ, Vollrath, D, Weinreb, RN, Wollstein, G, Zack, DJ, Zhang, K, Donnelly, P, Barroso, I, Blackwell, JM, Bramon, E, Brown, MA, Casas, JP, Corvin, A, Deloukas, P, Duncanson, A, Jankowski, J, Markus, HS, Mathew, CG, Palmer, CNA, Plomin, R, Rautanen, A, Sawcer, SJ, Trembath, RC, Wood, NW, Spencer, CCA, Band, G, Bellenguez, C, Freeman, C, Hellenthal, G, Giannoulatou, E, Pirinen, M, Pearson, R, Strange, A, Su, Z, Vukcevic, D, Langford, C, Hunt, SE, Edkins, S, Gwilliam, R, Blackburn, H, Bumpstead, SJ, Dronov, S, Gillman, M, Gray, E, Hammond, N, Jayakumar, A, McCann, OT, Liddle, J, Potter, SC, Ravindrarajah, R, Ricketts, M, Waller, M, Weston, P, Widaa, S, Whittaker, P, Iglesias, AI, Mishra, A, Vitart, V, Bykhovskaya, Y, Hoehn, R, Springelkamp, H, Cuellar-Partida, G, Gharahkhani, P, Bailey, JNC, Willoughby, CE, Li, X, Yazar, S, Nag, A, Khawaja, AP, Polasek, O, Siscovick, D, Mitchell, P, Tham, YC, Haines, JL, Kearns, LS, Hayward, C, Shi, Y, van Leeuwen, EM, Taylor, KD, Bonnemaijer, P, Rotter, JI, Martin, NG, Zeller, T, Mills, RA, Souzeau, E, Staffieri, SE, Jonas, JB, Schmidtmann, I, Boutin, T, Kang, JH, Lucas, SEM, Wong, TY, Beutel, ME, Wilson, JF, Uitterlinden, AG, Vithana, EN, Foster, PJ, Hysi, PG, Hewitt, AW, Khor, CC, Pasquale, LR, Montgomery, GW, Klaver, CCW, Aung, T, Pfeiffer, N, Mackey, DA, Hammond, CJ, Cheng, C-Y, Craig, JE, Rabinowitz, YS, Wiggs, JL, Burdon, KP, van Duijn, CM, MacGregor, S, Wang, JJ, Rochtchina, E, Attia, J, Scott, R, Holliday, EG, Baird, PN, Xie, J, Inouye, M, Viswanathan, A, Sim, X, Allingham, RR, Brilliant, MH, Budenz, DL, Christen, WG, Fingert, J, Friedman, DS, Gaasterland, D, Gaasterland, T, Hauser, MA, Kraft, P, Lee, RK, Lichter, PR, Liu, Y, Loomis, SJ, Moroi, SE, Pericak-Vance, MA, Realini, A, Richards, JE, Schuman, JS, Scott, WK, Singh, K, Sit, AJ, Vollrath, D, Weinreb, RN, Wollstein, G, Zack, DJ, Zhang, K, Donnelly, P, Barroso, I, Blackwell, JM, Bramon, E, Brown, MA, Casas, JP, Corvin, A, Deloukas, P, Duncanson, A, Jankowski, J, Markus, HS, Mathew, CG, Palmer, CNA, Plomin, R, Rautanen, A, Sawcer, SJ, Trembath, RC, Wood, NW, Spencer, CCA, Band, G, Bellenguez, C, Freeman, C, Hellenthal, G, Giannoulatou, E, Pirinen, M, Pearson, R, Strange, A, Su, Z, Vukcevic, D, Langford, C, Hunt, SE, Edkins, S, Gwilliam, R, Blackburn, H, Bumpstead, SJ, Dronov, S, Gillman, M, Gray, E, Hammond, N, Jayakumar, A, McCann, OT, Liddle, J, Potter, SC, Ravindrarajah, R, Ricketts, M, Waller, M, Weston, P, Widaa, S, and Whittaker, P

Abstract

Emmanuelle Souzeau, who contributed to analysis of data, was inadvertently omitted from the author list in the originally published version of this Article. This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.

Published
2019

15. Testosterone Pathway Genetic Polymorphisms in Relation to Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: analysis in Two Large Datasets

Author

Bailey, JNC, Gharahkhani, P, Kang, JH, Butkiewicz, M, Sullivan, DA, Weinreb, RN, Aschard, H, Allingham, RR, Ashley-Koch, A, Lee, RK, Moroi, SE, Brilliant, MH, Wollstein, G, Schuman, JS, Fingert, JH, Budenz, DL, Realini, T, Gaasterland, T, Scott, WK, Singh, K, Sit, AJ, Igo, RP, Song, YE, Hark, L, Ritch, R, Rhee, DJ, Vollrath, D, Zack, DJ, Medeiros, F, Vajaranant, TS, Chasman, DI, Christen, WG, Pericak-Vance, MA, Liu, Y, Kraft, P, Richards, JE, Rosner, BA, Hauser, MA, Craig, JE, Burdon, KP, Hewitt, AW, Mackey, DA, Haines, JL, MacGregor, S, Wiggs, JL, Pasquale, LR, Bailey, JNC, Gharahkhani, P, Kang, JH, Butkiewicz, M, Sullivan, DA, Weinreb, RN, Aschard, H, Allingham, RR, Ashley-Koch, A, Lee, RK, Moroi, SE, Brilliant, MH, Wollstein, G, Schuman, JS, Fingert, JH, Budenz, DL, Realini, T, Gaasterland, T, Scott, WK, Singh, K, Sit, AJ, Igo, RP, Song, YE, Hark, L, Ritch, R, Rhee, DJ, Vollrath, D, Zack, DJ, Medeiros, F, Vajaranant, TS, Chasman, DI, Christen, WG, Pericak-Vance, MA, Liu, Y, Kraft, P, Richards, JE, Rosner, BA, Hauser, MA, Craig, JE, Burdon, KP, Hewitt, AW, Mackey, DA, Haines, JL, MacGregor, S, Wiggs, JL, and Pasquale, LR

Abstract

PURPOSE: Sex hormones may be associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), although the mechanisms are unclear. We previously observed that gene variants involved with estrogen metabolism were collectively associated with POAG in women but not men; here we assessed gene variants related to testosterone metabolism collectively and POAG risk. METHODS: We used two datasets: one from the United States (3853 cases and 33,480 controls) and another from Australia (1155 cases and 1992 controls). Both datasets contained densely called genotypes imputed to the 1000 Genomes reference panel. We used pathway- and gene-based approaches with Pathway Analysis by Randomization Incorporating Structure (PARIS) software to assess the overall association between a panel of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in testosterone metabolism genes and POAG. In sex-stratified analyses, we evaluated POAG overall and POAG subtypes defined by maximum IOP (high-tension [HTG] or normal tension glaucoma [NTG]). RESULTS: In the US dataset, the SNP panel was not associated with POAG (permuted P = 0.77), although there was an association in the Australian sample (permuted P = 0.018). In both datasets, the SNP panel was associated with POAG in men (permuted P ≤ 0.033) and not women (permuted P ≥ 0.42), but in gene-based analyses, there was no consistency on the main genes responsible for these findings. In both datasets, the testosterone pathway association with HTG was significant (permuted P ≤ 0.011), but again, gene-based analyses showed no consistent driver gene associations. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, testosterone metabolism pathway SNPs were consistently associated with the high-tension subtype of POAG in two datasets.

Published
2018

16. Reexamination of Kerker's conditions by means of the phase diagram

Author

Lee, JY, Miroshnichenko, AE, Lee, RK, Lee, JY, Miroshnichenko, AE, and Lee, RK

Abstract

For passive electromagnetic scatterers, we explore a variety of extreme limits on directional scattering patterns in a phase diagram, regardless of the details on the geometric configurations and material properties. By demonstrating the extinction cross sections with the power conservation intrinsically embedded in the phase diagram, we give an alternative interpretation for Kerker's first and second conditions, associated with zero backward scattering (ZBS) and nearly zero forward scattering (NZFS). Physical boundaries and limitations for these directional radiations are illustrated along with a generalized Kerker's condition with implicit parameters. By taking the dispersion relations of gold silicon core-shell nanoparticles into account, we reveal the realistic parameters to experimentally implement ZBS and NZFS at optical frequencies by means of a phase diagram.

Published
2017

17. Designing quantum resonant scatterers at subwavelength scale

Author

Lee, JY, Miroshnichenko, AE, Lee, RK, Lee, JY, Miroshnichenko, AE, and Lee, RK

Abstract

For an isotropic quantum resonant scatterer, such as a quantum dot embedded in host semiconductors, we propose a method to achieve resonant electron scattering by taking physical quantities into account through the second-order expansion. All needed physical information for spherical harmonic channels in anomalous quantum resonant scattering is revealed in a parameter space as the size of quantum scatterer is comparable to the de Broglie wavelength of incoming matter wave. Our results provide the guideline to realize quantum resonant scatterers with state-of-the-art semiconductor heterostructure technology.

Published
2017

18. Pathologic nodal staging scores in patients treated with radical prostatectomy: a postoperative decision too

Author

Kluth LA, Abdollah F, Xylinas E, Rieken M, Fajkovic H, Sun M, Karakiewicz PI, Seitz C, Schramek P, Herman MP, Becker A, Loidl W, Pummer K, Nonis A, Lee RK, Lotan Y, Scherr DS, Seiler D, Chun FK, Graefen M, Tewari A, Gönen M, MONTORSI, FRANCESCO, Shariat SF, BRIGANTI , ALBERTO, Kluth, La, Abdollah, F, Xylinas, E, Rieken, M, Fajkovic, H, Sun, M, Karakiewicz, Pi, Seitz, C, Schramek, P, Herman, Mp, Becker, A, Loidl, W, Pummer, K, Nonis, A, Lee, Rk, Lotan, Y, Scherr, D, Seiler, D, Chun, Fk, Graefen, M, Tewari, A, Gönen, M, Montorsi, Francesco, Shariat, Sf, and Briganti, Alberto

Published
2014

19. Genome-wide association analysis identifies TXNRD2, ATXN2 and FOXC1 as susceptibility loci for primary open-angle glaucoma

Author

Bailey, JNC, Loomis, SJ, Kang, JH, Allingham, RR, Gharahkhani, P, Khor, CC, Burdon, KP, Aschard, H, Chasman, DI, Igo, RP, Hysi, PG, Glastonbury, CA, Ashley-Koch, A, Brilliant, M, Brown, AA, Budenz, DL, Buil, A, Cheng, CY, Choi, H, Christen, WG, Curhan, G, De Vivo, I, Fingert, JH, Foster, PJ, Fuchs, C, Gaasterland, D, Gaasterland, T, Hewitt, AW, Hu, F, Hunter, DJ, Khawaja, AP, Lee, RK, Li, Z, Lichter, PR, Mackey, DA, McGuffin, P, Mitchell, P, Moroi, SE, Perera, SA, Pepper, KW, Qi, Q, Realini, T, Richards, JE, Ridker, PM, Rimm, E, Ritch, R, Ritchie, M, Schuman, JS, Scott, WK, Singh, K, Sit, AJ, Song, YE, Tamimi, RM, Topouzis, F, Viswanathan, AC, Verma, SS, Vollrath, D, Wang, JJ, Weisschuh, N, Wissinger, B, Wollstein, G, Wong, TY, Yaspan, BL, Zack, DJ, Zhang, K, Weinreb, RN, Pericak-Vance, MA, Small, K, Hammond, CJ, Aung, T, Liu, Y, Vithana, EN, MacGregor, S, Craig, JE, Kraft, P, Howell, G, Hauser, MA, and Pasquale, LR

Subjects
ANZRAG Consortium
Abstract

© 2016 Nature America, Inc. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. To identify new susceptibility loci, we performed meta-analysis on genome-wide association study (GWAS) results from eight independent studies from the United States (3,853 cases and 33,480 controls) and investigated the most significantly associated SNPs in two Australian studies (1,252 cases and 2,592 controls), three European studies (875 cases and 4,107 controls) and a Singaporean Chinese study (1,037 cases and 2,543 controls). A meta-analysis of the top SNPs identified three new associated loci: rs35934224[T] in TXNRD2 (odds ratio (OR) = 0.78, P = 4.05 × 10 -11) encoding a mitochondrial protein required for redox homeostasis; rs7137828[T] in ATXN2 (OR = 1.17, P = 8.73 × 10 -10); and rs2745572[A] upstream of FOXC1 (OR = 1.17, P = 1.76 × 10 -10). Using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, we show TXNRD2 and ATXN2 expression in retinal ganglion cells and the optic nerve head. These results identify new pathways underlying POAG susceptibility and suggest new targets for preventative therapies.

Published
2016

20. Passive PT -symmetric couplers without complex optical potentials

Author

Lee, YC, Liu, J, Chuang, YL, Hsieh, MH, and Lee, RK

Subjects
General Physics, Physics::Optics
Abstract

© 2015 American Physical Society. In addition to the implementation of parity-time-(PT-) symmetric optical systems by carefully and actively controlling the gain and loss, we show that a 2×2 PT-symmetric Hamiltonian has a unitarily equivalent representation without complex optical potentials in the resulting optical coupler. Through the Naimark dilation in operator algebra, passive PT-symmetric couplers can thus be implemented with a refractive index of real values and asymmetric coupling coefficients. This opens up the possibility to implement general PT-symmetric systems with state-of-the-art asymmetric slab waveguides, dissimilar optical fibers, or cavities with chiral mirrors.

Published
2015

21. Local P T symmetry violates the no-signaling principle

Author

Lee, YC, Hsieh, MH, Flammia, ST, and Lee, RK

Subjects
General Physics
Abstract

Bender et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 5243 (1998)] have developed PT-symmetric quantum theory as an extension of quantum theory to non-Hermitian Hamiltonians. We show that when this model has a local PT symmetry acting on composite systems, it violates the nonsignaling principle of relativity. Since the case of global PT symmetry is known to reduce to standard quantum mechanics A. Mostafazadeh [J. Math. Phys. 43, 205 (2001)], this shows that the PT-symmetric theory is either a trivial extension or likely false as a fundamental theory. © 2014 American Physical Society.

Published
2014

22. Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies novel loci that influence cupping and the glaucomatous process

Author

Springelkamp, H, Höhn, R, Mishra, A, Hysi, PG, Khor, CC, Loomis, SJ, Bailey, JNC, Gibson, J, Thorleifsson, G, Janssen, SF, Luo, X, Ramdas, WD, Vithana, E, Nongpiur, ME, Montgomery, GW, Xu, L, Mountain, JE, Gharahkhani, P, Lu, Y, Amin, N, Karssen, LC, Sim, KS, Van Leeuwen, EM, Iglesias, AI, Verhoeven, VJM, Hauser, MA, Loon, SC, Despriet, DDG, Nag, A, Venturini, C, Sanfilippo, PG, Schillert, A, Kang, JH, Landers, J, Jonasson, F, Cree, AJ, Van Koolwijk, LME, Rivadeneira, F, Souzeau, E, Jonsson, V, Menon, G, Mitchell, P, Wang, JJ, Rochtchina, E, Attia, J, Scott, R, Holliday, EG, Baird, PN, Xie, J, Inouye, M, Viswanathan, A, Sim, X, Weinreb, RN, De Jong, PTVM, Oostra, BA, Uitterlinden, AG, Hofman, A, Ennis, S, Thorsteinsdottir, U, Burdon, KP, Allingham, RR, Brilliant, MH, Budenz, DL, Christen, WG, Fingert, J, Friedman, DS, Gaasterland, D, Gaasterland, T, Haines, JL, Kraft, P, Lee, RK, Lichter, PR, and Liu, Y

Subjects
genetic structures, sense organs, eye diseases
Abstract

© 2014 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved. Glaucoma is characterized by irreversible optic nerve degeneration and is the most frequent cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. Here, the International Glaucoma Genetics Consortium conducts a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of vertical cup-disc ratio (VCDR), an important disease-related optic nerve parameter. In 21,094 individuals of European ancestry and 6,784 individuals of Asian ancestry, we identify 10 new loci associated with variation in VCDR. In a separate risk-score analysis of five case-control studies, Caucasians in the highest quintile have a 2.5-fold increased risk of primary open-angle glaucoma as compared with those in the lowest quintile. This study has more than doubled the known loci associated with optic disc cupping and will allow greater understanding of mechanisms involved in this common blinding condition.

Published
2014

23. Common variants at 9p21 and 8q22 are associated with increased susceptibility to optic nerve degeneration in glaucoma

Author

Wiggs, JL, Yaspan, BL, Hauser, MA, Kang, JH, Allingham, RR, Olson, LM, Abdrabou, W, Fan, BJ, Wang, DY, Brodeur, W, Budenz, DL, Caprioli, J, Crenshaw, A, Crooks, K, DelBono, E, Doheny, KF, Friedman, DS, Gaasterland, D, Gaasterland, T, Laurie, C, Lee, RK, Lichter, PR, Loomis, S, Liu, Y, Medeiros, FA, McCarty, C, Mirel, D, Moroi, SE, Musch, DC, Realini, A, Rozsa, FW, Schuman, JS, Scott, K, Singh, K, Stein, JD, Trager, EH, VanVeldhuisen, P, Vollrath, D, Wollstein, G, Yoneyama, S, Zhang, K, Weinreb, RN, Ernst, J, Kellis, M, Masuda, T, Zack, D, Richards, JE, Pericak-Vance, M, Pasquale, LR, Haines, JL, Wiggs, JL, Yaspan, BL, Hauser, MA, Kang, JH, Allingham, RR, Olson, LM, Abdrabou, W, Fan, BJ, Wang, DY, Brodeur, W, Budenz, DL, Caprioli, J, Crenshaw, A, Crooks, K, DelBono, E, Doheny, KF, Friedman, DS, Gaasterland, D, Gaasterland, T, Laurie, C, Lee, RK, Lichter, PR, Loomis, S, Liu, Y, Medeiros, FA, McCarty, C, Mirel, D, Moroi, SE, Musch, DC, Realini, A, Rozsa, FW, Schuman, JS, Scott, K, Singh, K, Stein, JD, Trager, EH, VanVeldhuisen, P, Vollrath, D, Wollstein, G, Yoneyama, S, Zhang, K, Weinreb, RN, Ernst, J, Kellis, M, Masuda, T, Zack, D, Richards, JE, Pericak-Vance, M, Pasquale, LR, and Haines, JL

Abstract

Optic nerve degeneration caused by glaucoma is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Patients affected by the normal-pressure form of glaucoma are more likely to harbor risk alleles for glaucoma-related optic nerve disease. We have performed a meta-analysis of two independent genome-wide association studies for primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) followed by a normal-pressure glaucoma (NPG, defined by intraocular pressure (IOP) less than 22 mmHg) subgroup analysis. The single-nucleotide polymorphisms that showed the most significant associations were tested for association with a second form of glaucoma, exfoliation-syndrome glaucoma. The overall meta-analysis of the GLAUGEN and NEIGHBOR dataset results (3,146 cases and 3,487 controls) identified significant associations between two loci and POAG: the CDKN2BAS region on 9p21 (rs2157719 [G], OR = 0.69 [95%CI 0.63-0.75], p = 1.86×10-18), and the SIX1/SIX6 region on chromosome 14q23 (rs10483727 [A], OR = 1.32 [95%CI 1.21-1.43], p = 3.87×10-11). In sub-group analysis two loci were significantly associated with NPG: 9p21 containing the CDKN2BAS gene (rs2157719 [G], OR = 0.58 [95% CI 0.50-0.67], p = 1.17×10-12) and a probable regulatory region on 8q22 (rs284489 [G], OR = 0.62 [95% CI 0.53-0.72], p = 8.88×10-10). Both NPG loci were also nominally associated with a second type of glaucoma, exfoliation syndrome glaucoma (rs2157719 [G], OR = 0.59 [95% CI 0.41-0.87], p = 0.004 and rs284489 [G], OR = 0.76 [95% CI 0.54-1.06], p = 0.021), suggesting that these loci might contribute more generally to optic nerve degeneration in glaucoma. Because both loci influence transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) signaling, we performed a genomic pathway analysis that showed an association between the TGF-beta pathway and NPG (permuted p = 0.009). These results suggest that neuro-protective therapies targeting TGF-beta signaling could be effective for multiple forms of glaucoma. © 2012 Wiggs et al.

Published
2012

24. A 5-year retrospective analysis of 5[alpha]-reductase inhibitors in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: finasteride has comparable urinary symptom efficacy and prostate volume reduction, but less sexual side effects and breast complications than dutasteride.

Author

Kaplan SA, Chung DE, Lee RK, Scofield S, and Te AE

Abstract

Objective: We evaluated 5-year safety, efficacy and prostate volume data from BPH patients treated with finasteride or dutasteride. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 378 consecutive men treated with 5[alpha]-reductase inhibitor monotherapy between January 2004 and September 2009 (197 on finasteride and 211 on dutasteride) in a single clinic was performed. Efficacy assessments included International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), peak urinary flow rate (Qmax), postvoid residual urine volume (PVR), prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and prostate volume (PV). Safety assessments included International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) and adverse events. Patients were evaluated at 3 months, 1 year and yearly thereafter. Results: Mean age of the group was 58.7 ± 6.7 years. Maintenance of therapy at 5 years was 57.4% and 42.5% for the finasteride and dutasteride groups respectively. Changes in IPSS, Qmax, PVR, PV and PSA were similar for both groups at 5 years. The incidence of erectile dysfunction, ejaculatory dysfunction and decreased libido resulting in discontinuation from therapy was significantly (p < 0.01) higher in the dutasteride (5.1%, 2.4%, 2.7% respectively) compared with the finasteride (2.1%, 1.8%, 1.4% respectively) group. In addition, the incidence of self-reported breast tenderness and/or enlargement was significantly (p < 0.01) greater in the dutasteride (3.5%) compared with the finasteride (1.2%) group. Conclusions: In this retrospective analysis of data from consecutive patients treated at a single clinic, both finasteride and dutasteride were effective therapies for the management of lower urinary tract symptoms. However, dutasteride resulted in significantly more sexual side effects and breast complications than finasteride. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2012
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26. Assessing the clinical benefit of nuclear matrix protein 22 in the surveillance of patients with nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer and negative cytology: a decision-curve analysis.

Author

Shariat SF, Savage C, Chromecki TF, Sun M, Scherr DS, Lee RK, Lughezzani G, Remzi M, Marberger MJ, Karakiewicz PI, Vickers AJ, Shariat, Shahrokh F, Savage, Caroline, Chromecki, Thomas F, Sun, Maxine, Scherr, Douglas S, Lee, Richard K, Lughezzani, Giovanni, Remzi, Mesut, and Marberger, Michael J

Abstract

Background: Several studies have demonstrated that abnormal levels of nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP22) are associated with bladder cancer and have led to the approval of NMP22 as a urinary biomarker by the US Food and Drug Administration. Nonetheless, the clinical significance of NMP22 remains unclear. The objective of this study was to use decision analysis to determine whether NMP22 improves medical decision-making.Methods: The current study included 2222 patients who had a history of nonmuscle-invasive bladder cancer and current negative cytology. The authors developed models to predict cancer recurrence or progression to muscle-invasive disease using voided NMP22 levels, cystoscopy, age, and sex. Clinical net benefit was calculated by summing the benefits (true-positives), subtracting the harms (false-positives), and weighting these values by the threshold probability at which a patient or clinician would opt for cytoscopy.Results: After cystoscopy, 581 patients (26%) had cancer identified. The NMP22 level was associated significantly with bladder cancer recurrence and progression (P < .001 for both). The use of NMP22 in a model with age and sex was associated with better patient outcomes than performing cystoscopy on everyone and produced threshold probabilities > 8% for recurrence and > 3% for progression. Only offering cystoscopy to those who had a risk > 15% reduced the number of cystoscopies by 229 while missing only 25 cancer recurrences per 1000 men with negative cytology. The current study was limited by its multicenter design.Conclusions: For clinicians who would perform a cystoscopy at a threshold of 5% for recurrence or 1% for progression, NMP22 did not aid clinical decision-making. For less risk-averse clinicians who would only perform a cystoscopy at a threshold probability >thinsp;8% for recurrence or > 3% for progression, NMP22 helped to indicate which patients required cystoscopy and which could be spared this procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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27. A Resident's primer of Medicare reimbursement in radiology.

Author

Lee RK

Abstract

After having completed medical school, residency, and in many cases specialized fellowships, radiologists are well equipped to practice clinical radiology. However, they receive little if any exposure to the business of radiology, such as coding, billing, and other administrative duties that maintain the financial well-being of any medical practice. Medicare insolvency, managed care, self-referral, and increasing imaging by nonradiology specialists are all issues creating a competitive and ever changing medical environment, and understanding the economic and business aspects of health care is becoming increasingly important for both academic and private practice radiologists. The intent of this paper is to provide new radiologists as well as radiologists in training an introduction to the reimbursement system, as well as to provide a generalized review of the process for practicing radiologists. In particular, this article addresses the fundamentals of the Medicare fee-for-service reimbursement process as well as the factors considered in arriving at the valuation of radiologic services by Medicare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006
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29. Rural health and women of color. Intimate partner violence and women of color: a call for innovations.

Author

Lee RK, Thompson VLS, and Mechanic MB

Abstract

In this commentary, we focus on violence against women of color. Although African American women experience higher rates of intimate partner homicide than White women, the cumulative rates for nonfatal intimate partner violence are similar and do not vary between urban and rural locations (though access to services may vary by location). Much of the research about intimate partner violence is based on women with low socioeconomic status and on interventions that were developed by and for White women. Current primary prevention strategies focus on violence that is perpetrated by strangers rather than their primary perpetrators--intimate partners. We recommend the development and rigorous evaluation of prevention strategies that incorporate the views of women of color and attention to primary prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2002
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30. Phonological disruption and subsequent self-correcting behaviour in Cantonese aphasic speakers.

Author

Lee RK, Yiu EM, and Stonham J

Abstract

This study investigated the phonological disruption and subsequent self-correcting behaviour in Cantonese aphasic speakers. The self-correcting behaviour was investigated by examining the sequence of successive spontaneous attempts in producing a target sound. Five anomic, five non-fluent aphasic and five normal control subjects were assessed by using a confrontation naming task which included monosyllabic, disyllabic and trisyllabic targets. All the aphasic subjects demonstrated successive phonological self-corrections towards the target. Initial consonants were more vulnerable to phonological disruption and more resistant to self-correction than vowels, lexical tones and final consonants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2000
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32. Development of hatching blastocysts from immature human oocytes following in-vitro maturation and fertilization using a co-culture system.

Author

Hwu, YM, Lee, RK, Chen, CP, Su, JT, Chen, YW, Lin, SP, Hwu, Y M, Lee, R K, Chen, C P, Su, J T, Chen, Y W, and Lin, S P

Abstract

Recently, in-vitro maturation (IVM) of immature human oocytes recovered from non-stimulated follicles has been applied in the treatment of infertility. However, in previous reports, very few embryos cultured in conventional medium have reached the expanded blastocyst stage following in-vitro maturation and fertilization (IVM/IVF). The objective of this study was to investigate whether the developmental competence of human embryos following IVM/IVF could be enhanced by the use of a human ampullary cell co-culture system. Immature human oocytes were aspirated from small follicles at Caesarean section and then cultured in medium containing human menopausal gonadotrophin for 36 to 48 h, followed by insemination. Zygotes were randomly cultured either in conventional culture medium alone or in the co-culture system. Of 48 embryos cultured in conventional medium alone, all arrested at the 2-16-cell stage on day 3 after insemination. Of 46 embryos cultured in the co-culture system, 26 embryos (56.5%) arrested at the 2-16-cell stage. Six embryos (13%) developed to the morula stage. Fourteen embryos (30.4%) developed to expanded blastocysts and two blastocysts were hatching on day 7 after insemination. We conclude that co-culture significantly enhances the development of blastocysts in embryos resulting from IVM/IVF. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Published
1998
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35. Prospects for observing and localizing gravitational-wave transients with Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA

Author

Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abraham, S., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adya, V. B., Affeldt, C., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aggarwal, N., Aguiar, O. D., Aiello, L., Ain, A., Ajith, P., Akutsu, T., Allen, G., Allocca, A., Aloy, M. A., Altin, P. A., Amato, A., Ananyeva, A., Anderson, S. B., Anderson, W. G., Ando, M., Angelova, S. V., Antier, S., Appert, S., Arai, K., Arai, Koya, Arai, Y., Araki, S., Araya, A., Araya, M. C., Areeda, J. S., Arene, M., Aritomi, N., Arnaud, N., Arun, K. G., Ascenzi, S., Ashton, G., Aso, Y., Aston, S. M., Astone, P., Aubin, F., Aufmuth, P., AultONeal, K., Austin, C., Avendano, V., Avila-Alvarez, A., Babak, S., Bacon, P., Badaracco, F., Bader, M. K. M., Bae, S. W., Bae, Y. B., Baiotti, L., Bajpai, R., Baker, P. T., Baldaccini, F., Ballardin, G., Ballmer, S. W., Banagiri, S., Barayoga, J. C., Barclay, S. E., Barish, B. C., Barker, D., Barkett, K., Barnum, S., Barone, F., Barr, B., Barsotti, L., Barsuglia, M., Barta, D., Bartlett, J., Barton, M. A., Bartos, I., Bassiri, R., Basti, A., Bawaj, M., Bayley, J. C., Bazzan, M., Becsy, B., Bejger, M., Belahcene, I., Bell, A. S., Beniwal, D., Berger, B. K., Bergmann, G., Bernuzzi, S., Bero, J. J., Berry, C. P. L., Bersanetti, D., Bertolini, A., Betzwieser, J., Bhandare, R., Bidler, J., Bilenko, I. A., Bilgili, S. A., Billingsley, G., Birch, J., Birney, R., Birnholtz, O., Biscans, S., Biscoveanu, S., Bisht, A., Bitossi, M., Bizouard, M. A., Blackburn, J. K., Blair, C. D., Blair, D. G., Blair, R. M., Bloemen, S., Bode, N., Boer, M., Boetzel, Y., Bogaert, G., Bondu, F., Bonilla, E., Bonnand, R., Booker, P., Boom, B. A., Booth, C. D., Bork, R., Boschi, V., Bose, S., Bossie, K., Bossilkov, V., Bosveld, J., Bouffanais, Y., Bozzi, A., Bradaschia, C., Brady, P. R., Bramley, A., Branchesi, M., Brau, J. E., Briant, T., Briggs, J. H., Brighenti, F., Brillet, A., Brinkmann, M., Brisson, V., Brockill, P., Brooks, A. F., Brown, D. A., Brown, D. D., Brunett, S., Buikema, A., Bulik, T., Bulten, H. J., Buonanno, A., Buskulic, D., Buy, C., Byer, R. L., Cabero, M., Cadonati, L., Cagnoli, G., Cahillane, C., Bustillo, J. Calderon, Callister, T. A., Calloni, E., Camp, J. B., Campbell, W. A., Canepa, M., Cannon, K., Cannon, K. C., Cao, H., Cao, J., Capocasa, E., Carbognani, F., Caride, S., Carney, M. F., Carullo, G., Diaz, J. Casanueva, Casentini, C., Caudill, S., Cavaglia, M., Cavalier, F., Cavalieri, R., Cella, G., Cerda-Duran, P., Cerretani, G., Cesarini, E., Chaibi, O., Chakravarti, K., Chamberlin, S. J., Chan, M., Chan, M. L., Chao, S., Charlton, P., Chase, E. A., Chassande-Mottin, E., Chatterjee, D., Chaturvedi, M., Chatziioannou, K., Cheeseboro, B. D., Chen, C. S., Chen, H. Y., Chen, K. H., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. R., Cheng, H. -P., Cheong, C. K., Chia, H. Y., Chincarini, A., Chiummo, A., Cho, G., Cho, H. 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E., Zweizig, J., KAGRA Collaboration, [ missing ], LIGO Scientific Collaboration and Virgo Collaboration, [ missing ], The KAGRA Collaboration, The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, The Virgo Collaboration, IoP (FNWI), Faculty of Science, Gravitation and Astroparticle Physics Amsterdam, Other Research IHEF (IoP, FNWI), Astroparticle Physics (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), Van Swinderen Institute for Particle Physics and G, Lincoln Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, LIGO (Observatory : Massachusetts Institute of Technology), MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Aggarwal, Nancy, Barsotti, Lisa, Biscans, Sebastien, Brown, N. M., Buikema, Aaron, Donovan, Frederick J, Eisenstein, Robert Alan, Essick, Reed Clasey, Fernandez Galiana, Alvaro-Miguel, Fritschel, Peter K, Gras, Slawomir, Isogai, Tomoki, Katsavounidis, Erotokritos, Kontos, Antonios, Lanza Jr, Robert K, Libson, Adam A., Lynch, Ryan Christopher, MacInnis, Myron E, Martynov, Denis, Mason, Kenneth R, Matichard, Fabrice, Mavalvala, Nergis, Miller, J., Mittleman, Richard K, Ray Pitambar Mohapatra, Satyanarayan, Oelker, Eric Glenn, Shoemaker, David H, Tse, Maggie, Vitale, Salvatore, Weiss, Rainer, Yam, William, Yu, Hang, Yu, Haocun, Zucker, Michael E, Evans, Matthew J, Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Max Planck Society, Australian Research Council, Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (France), Department of Science and Technology (India), Govern de les Illes Balears, Generalitat Valenciana, National Science Centre (Poland), Swiss National Science Foundation, Russian Foundation for Basic Research, European Commission, Royal Society (UK), Scottish Funding Council, Hungarian Scientific Research Fund, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), National Research Foundation of Korea, Ministério da Ciência e Tecnologia (Brasil), National Natural Science Foundation of China, Leverhulme Trust, Ministry of Science and Technology (Taiwan), Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan), Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, University of Tokyo, Academia Sinica (Taiwan), Abbott, Bp, Abbott, R, Abbott, Td, Abraham, S, Acernese, F, Ackley, K, Adams, C, Adya, Vb, Affeldt, C, Agathos, M, Agatsuma, K, Aggarwal, N, Aguiar, Od, Aiello, L, Ain, A, Ajith, P, Akutsu, T, Allen, G, Allocca, A, Aloy, Ma, Altin, Pa, Amato, A, Ananyeva, A, Anderson, Sb, Anderson, Wg, Ando, M, Angelova, Sv, Antier, S, Appert, S, Arai, K, Arai, Y, Araki, S, Araya, A, Araya, Mc, Areeda, J, Arene, M, Aritomi, N, Arnaud, N, Arun, Kg, Ascenzi, S, Ashton, G, Aso, Y, Aston, Sm, Astone, P, Aubin, F, Aufmuth, P, Aultoneal, K, Austin, C, Avendano, V, Avila-Alvarez, A, Babak, S, Bacon, P, Badaracco, F, Bader, Mkm, Bae, Sw, Bae, Yb, Baiotti, L, Bajpai, R, Baker, Pt, Baldaccini, F, Ballardin, G, Ballmer, Sw, Banagiri, S, Barayoga, Jc, Barclay, Se, Barish, Bc, Barker, D, Barkett, K, Barnum, S, Barone, F, Barr, B, Barsotti, L, Barsuglia, M, Barta, D, Bartlett, J, Barton, Ma, Bartos, I, Bassiri, R, Basti, A, Bawaj, M, Bayley, Jc, Bazzan, M, Becsy, B, Bejger, M, Belahcene, I, Bell, A, Beniwal, D, Berger, Bk, Bergmann, G, Bernuzzi, S, Bero, Jj, Berry, Cpl, Bersanetti, D, Bertolini, A, Betzwieser, J, Bhandare, R, Bidler, J, Bilenko, Ia, Bilgili, Sa, Billingsley, G, Birch, J, Birney, R, Birnholtz, O, Biscans, S, Biscoveanu, S, Bisht, A, Bitossi, M, Bizouard, Ma, Blackburn, Jk, Blair, Cd, Blair, Dg, Blair, Rm, Bloemen, S, Bode, N, Boer, M, Boetzel, Y, Bogaert, G, Bondu, F, Bonilla, E, Bonnand, R, Booker, P, Boom, Ba, Booth, Cd, Bork, R, Boschi, V, Bose, S, Bossie, K, Bossilkov, V, Bosveld, J, Bouffanais, Y, Bozzi, A, Bradaschia, C, Brady, Pr, Bramley, A, Branchesi, M, Brau, Je, Briant, T, Briggs, Jh, Brighenti, F, Brillet, A, Brinkmann, M, Brisson, V, Brockill, P, Brooks, Af, Brown, Da, Brown, Dd, Brunett, S, Buikema, A, Bulik, T, Bulten, Hj, Buonanno, A, Buskulic, D, Buy, C, Byer, Rl, Cabero, M, Cadonati, L, Cagnoli, G, Cahillane, C, Bustillo, Jc, Callister, Ta, Calloni, E, Camp, Jb, Campbell, Wa, Canepa, M, Cannon, K, Cannon, Kc, Cao, H, Cao, J, Capocasa, E, Carbognani, F, Caride, S, Carney, Mf, Carullo, G, Diaz, Jc, Casentini, C, Caudill, S, Cavaglia, M, Cavalier, F, Cavalieri, R, Cella, G, Cerda-Duran, P, Cerretani, G, Cesarini, E, Chaibi, O, Chakravarti, K, Chamberlin, Sj, Chan, M, Chan, Ml, Chao, S, Charlton, P, Chase, Ea, Chassande-Mottin, E, Chatterjee, D, Chaturvedi, M, Chatziioannou, K, Cheeseboro, Bd, Chen, C, Chen, Hy, Chen, Kh, Chen, X, Chen, Y, Chen, Yr, Cheng, Hp, Cheong, Ck, Chia, Hy, Chincarini, A, Chiummo, A, Cho, G, Cho, H, Cho, M, Christensen, N, Chu, Hy, Chu, Q, Chu, Yk, Chua, S, Chung, Kw, Chung, S, Ciani, G, Ciobanu, Aa, Ciolfi, R, Cipriano, F, Cirone, A, Clara, F, Clark, Ja, Clearwater, P, Cleva, F, Cocchieri, C, Coccia, E, Cohadon, Pf, Cohen, D, Colgan, R, Colleoni, M, Collette, Cg, Collins, C, Cominsky, Lr, Constancio, M, Conti, L, Cooper, Sj, Corban, P, Corbitt, Tr, Cordero-Carrion, I, Corley, Kr, Cornish, N, Corsi, A, Cortese, S, Costa, Ca, Cotesta, R, Coughlin, Mw, Coughlin, Sb, Coulon, Jp, Countryman, St, Couvares, P, Covas, Pb, Cowan, Ee, Coward, Dm, Cowart, Mj, Coyne, Dc, Coyne, R, Creighton, Jde, Creighton, Td, Cripe, J, Croquette, M, Crowder, Sg, Cullen, Tj, Cumming, A, Cunningham, L, Cuoco, E, Canton, Td, Dalya, G, Danilishin, Sl, D'Antonio, S, Danzmann, K, Dasgupta, A, Costa, Cfd, Datrier, Leh, Dattilo, V, Dave, I, Davier, M, Davis, D, Daw, Ej, Debra, D, Deenadayalan, M, Degallaix, J, De Laurentis, M, Deleglise, S, Pozzo, Wd, Demarchi, Lm, Demos, N, Dent, T, De Pietri, R, Derby, J, De Rosa, R, De Rossi, C, Desalvo, R, de Varona, O, Dhurandhar, S, Diaz, Mc, Dietrich, T, Fiore, Ld, Giovanni, Md, Girolamo, Td, Lieto, Ad, Ding, B, Pace, Sd, Di Palma, I, Di Renzo, F, Dmitriev, A, Doctor, Z, Doi, K, Donovan, F, Dooley, Kl, Doravari, S, Dorrington, I, Downes, Tp, Drago, M, Driggers, Jc, Du, Z, Ducoin, Jg, Dupej, P, Dwyer, Se, Easter, Pj, Edo, Tb, Edwards, Mc, Effler, A, Eguchi, S, Ehrens, P, Eichholz, J, Eikenberry, S, Eisenmann, M, Eisenstein, Ra, Enomoto, Y, Essick, Rc, Estelles, H, Estevez, D, Etienne, Zb, Etzel, T, Evans, M, Evans, Tm, Fafone, V, Fair, H, Fairhurst, S, Fan, X, Farinon, S, Farr, B, Farr, Wm, Fauchon-Jones, Ej, Favata, M, Fays, M, Fazio, M, Fee, C, Feicht, J, Fejer, Mm, Feng, F, Fernandez-Galiana, A, Ferrante, I, Ferreira, Ec, Ferreira, Ta, Ferrini, F, Fidecaro, F, Fiori, I, Fiorucci, D, Fishbach, M, Fisher, Rp, Fishner, Jm, Fitz-Axen, M, Flaminio, R, Fletcher, M, Flynn, E, Fong, H, Font, Ja, Forsyth, Pwf, Fournier, Jd, Frasca, S, Frasconi, F, Frei, Z, Freise, A, Frey, R, Frey, V, Fritschel, P, Frolov, Vv, Fujii, Y, Fukunaga, M, Fukushima, M, Fulda, P, Fyffe, M, Gabbard, Ha, Gadre, Bu, Gaebel, Sm, Gair, Jr, Gammaitoni, L, Ganija, Mr, Gaonkar, Sg, Garcia, A, Garcia-Quiros, C, Garufi, F, Gateley, B, Gaudio, S, Gaur, G, Gayathri, V, Ge, Gg, Gemme, G, Genin, E, Gennai, A, George, D, George, J, Gergely, L, Germain, V, Ghonge, S, Ghosh, A, Ghosh, S, Giacomazzo, B, Giaime, Ja, Giardina, Kd, Giazotto, A, Gill, K, Giordano, G, Glover, L, Godwin, P, Goetz, E, Goetz, R, Goncharov, B, Gonzaalez, G, Castro, Jmg, Gopakumar, A, Gorodetsky, Ml, Gossan, Se, Gosselin, M, Gouaty, R, Grado, A, Graef, C, Granata, M, Grant, A, Gras, S, Grassia, P, Gray, C, Gray, R, Greco, G, Green, Ac, Green, R, Gretarsson, Em, Groot, P, Grote, H, Grunewald, S, Gruning, P, Guidi, Gm, Gulati, Hk, Guo, Y, Gupta, A, Gupta, Mk, Gustafson, Ek, Gustafson, R, Haegel, L, Hagiwara, A, Haino, S, Halim, O, Hall, Br, Hall, Ed, Hamilton, Ez, Hammond, G, Haney, M, Hanke, Mm, Hanks, J, Hanna, C, Hannam, Md, Hannuksela, Oa, Hanson, J, Hardwick, T, Haris, K, Harms, J, Harry, Gm, Harry, Iw, Hasegawa, K, Haster, Cj, Haughian, K, Hayakawa, H, Hayama, K, Hayes, Fj, Healy, J, Heidmann, A, Heintze, Mc, Heitmann, H, Hello, P, Hemming, G, Hendry, M, Heng, I, Hennig, J, Heptonstall, Aw, Heurs, M, Hild, S, Himemoto, Y, Hinderer, T, Hiranuma, Y, Hirata, N, Hirose, E, Hoak, D, Hochheim, S, Hofman, D, Holgado, Am, Holland, Na, Holt, K, Holz, De, Hong, Z, Hopkins, P, Horst, C, Hough, J, Howell, Ej, Hoy, Cg, Hreibi, A, Hsieh, Bh, Huang, Gz, Huang, Pw, Huang, Yj, Huerta, Ea, Huet, D, Hughey, B, Hulko, M, Husa, S, Huttner, Sh, Huynh-Dinh, T, Idzkowski, B, Iess, A, Ikenoue, B, Imam, S, Inayoshi, K, Ingram, C, Inoue, Y, Inta, R, Intini, G, Ioka, K, Irwin, B, Isa, Hn, Isac, Jm, Isi, M, Itoh, Y, Iyer, Br, Izumi, K, Jacqmin, T, Jadhav, Sj, Jani, K, Janthalur, Nn, Jaranowski, P, Jenkins, Ac, Jiang, J, Johnson, D, Jones, Aw, Jones, Di, Jones, R, Jonker, Rjg, Ju, L, Jung, K, Jung, P, Junker, J, Kajita, T, Kalaghatgi, Cv, Kalogera, V, Kamai, B, Kamiizumi, M, Kanda, N, Kandhasamy, S, Kang, Gw, Kanner, Jb, Kapadia, Sj, Karki, S, Karvinen, K, Kashyap, R, Kasprzack, M, Katsanevas, S, Katsavounidis, E, Katzman, W, Kaufer, S, Kawabe, K, Kawaguchi, K, Kawai, N, Kawasaki, T, Keerthana, Nv, Kefelian, F, Keitel, D, Kennedy, R, Key, J, Khalili, Fy, Khan, H, Khan, I, Khan, S, Khan, Z, Khazanov, Ea, Khursheed, M, Kijbunchoo, N, Kim, C, Kim, Jc, Kim, J, Kim, K, Kim, W, Kim, Ym, Kimball, C, Kimura, N, King, Ej, King, Pj, Kinley-Hanlon, M, Kirchhoff, R, Kissel, J, Kita, N, Kitazawa, H, Kleybolte, L, Klika, Jh, Klimenko, S, Knowles, Td, Knyazev, E, Koch, P, Koehlenbeck, Sm, Koekoek, G, Kojima, Y, Kokeyama, K, Koley, S, Komori, K, Kondrashov, V, Kong, Akh, Kontos, A, Koper, N, Korobko, M, Korth, Wz, Kotake, K, Kowalska, I, Kozak, Db, Kozakai, C, Kozu, R, Kringel, V, Krishnendu, N, Krolak, A, Kuehn, G, Kumar, A, Kumar, P, Kumar, R, Kumar, S, Kume, J, Kuo, Cm, Kuo, H, Kuo, L, Kuroyanagi, S, Kusayanagi, K, Kutynia, A, Kwak, K, Kwang, S, Lackey, Bd, Lai, Kh, Lam, Tl, Landry, M, Lane, Bb, Lang, Rn, Lange, J, Lantz, B, Lanza, Rk, Lartaux-Vollard, A, Lasky, Pd, Laxen, M, Lazzarini, A, Lazzaro, C, Leaci, P, Leavey, S, Lecoeuche, Yk, Lee, Ch, Lee, Hk, Lee, Hm, Lee, Hw, Lee, J, Lee, K, Lee, Rk, Lehmann, J, Lenon, A, Leonardi, M, Leroy, N, Letendre, N, Levin, Y, Li, J, Li, Kjl, Li, Tgf, Li, X, Lin, Cy, Lin, F, Lin, Fl, Lin, Lcc, Linde, F, Linker, Sd, Littenberg, Tb, Liu, Gc, Liu, J, Liu, X, Lo, Rkl, Lockerbie, Na, London, Lt, Longo, A, Lorenzini, M, Loriette, V, Lormand, M, Losurdo, G, Lough, Jd, Lousto, Co, Lovelace, G, Lower, Me, Luuck, H, Lumaca, D, Lundgren, Ap, Luo, Lw, Lynch, R, Ma, Y, Macas, R, Macfoy, S, Macinnis, M, Macleod, Dm, Macquet, A, Magana-Sandoval, F, Zertuche, Lm, Magee, Rm, Majorana, E, Maksimovic, I, Malik, A, Man, N, Mandic, V, Mangano, V, Mansell, Gl, Manske, M, Mantovani, M, Marchesoni, F, Marchio, M, Marion, F, Marka, S, Marka, Z, Markakis, C, Markosyan, A, Markowitz, A, Maros, E, Marquina, A, Marsat, S, Martelli, F, Martin, Iw, Martin, Rm, Martynov, Dv, Mason, K, Massera, E, Masserot, A, Massinger, Tj, Masso-Reid, M, Mastrogiovanni, S, Matas, A, Matichard, F, Matone, L, Mavalvala, N, Mazumder, N, Mccann, Jj, Mccarthy, R, Mcclelland, De, Mccormick, S, Mcculler, L, Mcguire, Sc, Mciver, J, Mcmanus, Dj, Mcrae, T, Mcwilliams, St, Meacher, D, Meadors, Gd, Mehmet, M, Mehta, Ak, Meidam, J, Melatos, A, Mendell, G, Mercer, Ra, Mereni, L, Merilh, El, Merzougui, M, Meshkov, S, Messenger, C, Messick, C, Metzdorff, R, Meyers, Pm, Miao, H, Michel, C, Michimura, Y, Middleton, H, Mikhailov, Ee, Milano, L, Miller, Al, Miller, A, Millhouse, M, Mills, Jc, Milovich-Goff, Mc, Minazzoli, O, Minenkov, Y, Mio, N, Mishkin, A, Mishra, C, Mistry, T, Mitra, S, Mitrofanov, Vp, Mitselmakher, G, Mittleman, R, Miyakawa, O, Miyamoto, A, Miyazaki, Y, Miyo, K, Miyoki, S, Mo, G, Moffa, D, Mogushi, K, Mohapatra, Srp, Montani, M, Moore, Cj, Moraru, D, Moreno, G, Morisaki, S, Moriwaki, Y, Mours, B, Mow-Lowry, Cm, Mukherjee, A, Mukherjee, D, Mukherjee, S, Mukund, N, Mullavey, A, Munch, J, Muniz, Ea, Muratore, M, Murray, Pg, Nagano, K, Nagano, S, Nagar, A, Nakamura, K, Nakano, H, Nakano, M, Nakashima, R, Nardecchia, I, Narikawa, T, Naticchioni, L, Nayak, Rk, Negishi, R, Neilson, J, Nelemans, G, Nelson, Tjn, Nery, M, Neunzert, A, Ng, Ky, Ng, S, Nguyen, P, Ni, Wt, Nichols, D, Nishizawa, A, Nissanke, S, Nocera, F, North, C, Nuttall, Lk, Obergaulinger, M, Oberling, J, O'Brien, Bd, Obuchi, Y, O'Dea, Gd, Ogaki, W, Ogin, Gh, Oh, Jj, Oh, Sh, Ohashi, M, Ohishi, N, Ohkawa, M, Ohme, F, Ohta, H, Okada, Ma, Okutomi, K, Oliver, M, Oohara, K, Ooi, Cp, Oppermann, P, Oram, Rj, O'Reilly, B, Ormiston, Rg, Ortega, Lf, O'Shaughnessy, R, Oshino, S, Ossokine, S, Ottaway, Dj, Overmier, H, Owen, Bj, Pace, Ae, Pagano, G, Page, Ma, Pai, A, Pai, Sa, Palamos, Jr, Palashov, O, Palomba, C, Pal-Singh, A, Pan, Hw, Pan, Kc, Pang, B, Pang, Hf, Pang, Pth, Pankow, C, Pannarale, F, Pant, Bc, Paoletti, F, Paoli, A, Papa, Ma, Parida, A, Park, J, Parker, W, Pascucci, D, Pasqualetti, A, Passaquieti, R, Passuello, D, Patil, M, Patricelli, B, Pearlstone, Bl, Pedersen, C, Pedraza, M, Pedurand, R, Pele, A, Arellano, Fep, Penn, S, Perez, Cj, Perreca, A, Pfeiffer, Hp, Phelps, M, Phukon, K, Piccinni, Oj, Pichot, M, Piergiovanni, F, Pillant, G, Pinard, L, Pinto, I, Pirello, M, Pitkin, M, Poggiani, R, Pong, Dyt, Ponrathnam, S, Popolizio, P, Porter, Ek, Powell, J, Prajapati, Ak, Prasad, J, Prasai, K, Prasanna, R, Pratten, G, Prestegard, T, Privitera, S, Prodi, Ga, Prokhorov, Lg, Puncken, O, Punturo, M, Puppo, P, Purer, M, Qi, H, Quetschke, V, Quinonez, Pj, Quintero, Ea, Quitzow-James, R, Raab, Fj, Radkins, H, Radulescu, N, Raffai, P, Raja, S, Rajan, C, Rajbhandari, B, Rakhmanov, M, Ramirez, Ke, Ramos-Buades, A, Rana, J, Rao, K, Rapagnani, P, Raymond, V, Razzano, M, Read, J, Regimbau, T, Rei, L, Reid, S, Reitze, Dh, Ren, W, Ricci, F, Richardson, Cj, Richardson, Jw, Ricker, Pm, Riles, K, Rizzo, M, Robertson, Na, Robie, R, Robinet, F, Rocchi, A, Rolland, L, Rollins, Jg, Roma, Vj, Romanelli, M, Romano, R, Romel, Cl, Romie, Jh, Rose, K, Rosinska, D, Rosofsky, Sg, Ross, Mp, Rowan, S, Ruiger, A, Ruggi, P, Rutins, G, Ryan, K, Sachdev, S, Sadecki, T, Sago, N, Saito, S, Saito, Y, Sakai, K, Sakai, Y, Sakamoto, H, Sakellariadou, M, Sakuno, Y, Salconi, L, Saleem, M, Samajdar, A, Sammut, L, Sanchez, Ej, Sanchez, Le, Sanchis-Gual, N, Sandberg, V, Sanders, Jr, Santiago, Ka, Sarin, N, Sassolas, B, Sathyaprakash, B, Sato, S, Sato, T, Sauter, O, Savage, Rl, Sawada, T, Schale, P, Scheel, M, Scheuer, J, Schmidt, P, Schnabel, R, Schofield, Rm, Schonbeck, A, Schreiber, E, Schulte, Bw, Schutz, Bf, Schwalbe, Sg, Scott, J, Scott, Sm, Seidel, E, Sekiguchi, T, Sekiguchi, Y, Sellers, D, Sengupta, A, Sennett, N, Sentenac, D, Sequino, V, Sergeev, A, Setyawati, Y, Shaddock, Da, Shaffer, T, Shahriar, M, Shaner, Mb, Shao, L, Sharma, P, Shawhan, P, Shen, H, Shibagaki, S, Shimizu, R, Shimoda, T, Shimode, K, Shink, R, Shinkai, H, Shishido, T, Shoda, A, Shoemaker, Dh, Shoemaker, Dm, Shyamsundar, S, Siellez, K, Sieniawska, M, Sigg, D, Silva, Ad, Singer, Lp, Singh, N, Singhal, A, Sintes, Am, Sitmukhambetov, S, Skliris, V, Slagmolen, Bjj, Slaven-Blair, Tj, Smith, Jr, Smith, Rje, Somala, S, Somiya, K, Son, Ej, Sorazu, B, Sorrentino, F, Sotani, H, Souradeep, T, Sowell, E, Spencer, Ap, Srivastava, Ak, Srivastava, V, Staats, K, Stachie, C, Standke, M, Steer, Da, Steinke, M, Steinlechner, J, Steinlechner, S, Steinmeyer, D, Stevenson, Sp, Stocks, D, Stone, R, Stops, Dj, Strain, Ka, Stratta, G, Strigin, Se, Strunk, A, Sturani, R, Stuver, Al, Sudhir, V, Sugimoto, R, Summerscales, Tz, Sun, L, Sunil, S, Suresh, J, Sutton, Pj, Suzuki, T, Swinkels, Bl, Szczepanczyk, Mj, Tacca, M, Tagoshi, H, Tait, Sc, Takahashi, H, Takahashi, R, Takamori, A, Takano, S, Takeda, H, Takeda, M, Talbot, C, Talukder, D, Tanaka, H, Tanaka, K, Tanaka, T, Tanioka, S, Tanner, Db, Tapai, M, San Martin, Ent, Taracchini, A, Tasson, Jd, Taylor, R, Telada, S, Thies, F, Thomas, M, Thomas, P, Thondapu, Sr, Thorne, Ka, Thrane, E, Tiwari, S, Tiwari, V, Toland, K, Tomaru, T, Tomigami, Y, Tomura, T, Tonelli, M, Tornasi, Z, Torres-Forne, A, Torrie, Ci, Toyra, D, Travasso, F, Traylor, G, Tringali, Mc, Trovato, A, Trozzo, L, Trudeau, R, Tsang, Kw, Tsang, Ttl, Tse, M, Tso, R, Tsubono, K, Tsuchida, S, Tsukada, L, Tsuna, D, Tsuzuki, T, Tuyenbayev, D, Uchikata, N, Uchiyama, T, Ueda, A, Uehara, T, Ueno, K, Ueshima, G, Ugolini, D, Unnikrishnan, C, Uraguchi, F, Urban, Al, Ushiba, T, Usman, Sa, Vahlbruch, H, Vajente, G, Valdes, G, van Bakel, N, van Beuzekom, M, van den Brand, Jfj, Van Den Broeck, C, Vander-Hyde, Dc, van den Schaaf, L, van Heijningen, Jv, van Putten, Mhpm, van Veggel, Aa, Vardaro, M, Varma, V, Vass, S, Vasuth, M, Vecchio, A, Vedovato, G, Veitch, J, Veitch, Pj, Venkateswara, K, Venugopalan, G, Verkindt, D, Vetrano, F, Vicere, A, Viets, Ad, Vine, Dj, Vinet, Jy, Vitale, S, Vivanco, Fh, Vo, T, Vocca, H, Vorvick, C, Vyatchanin, Sp, Wade, Ar, Wade, Le, Wade, M, Walet, R, Walker, M, Wallace, L, Walsh, S, Wang, G, Wang, H, Wang, J, Wang, Jz, Wang, Wh, Wang, Yf, Ward, Rl, Warden, Za, Warner, J, Was, M, Watchi, J, Weaver, B, Wei, Lw, Weinert, M, Weinstein, Aj, Weiss, R, Wellmann, F, Wen, L, Wessel, Ek, Wessels, P, Westhouse, Jw, Wette, K, Whelan, Jt, Whiting, Bf, Whittle, C, Wilken, Dm, Williams, D, Williamson, Ar, Willis, Jl, Willke, B, Wimmer, Mh, Winkler, W, Wipf, Cc, Wittel, H, Woan, G, Woehler, J, Wofford, Jk, Worden, J, Wright, Jl, Wu, Cm, Wu, D, Wu, Hc, Wu, Sr, Wysocki, Dm, Xiao, L, Xu, Wr, Yamada, T, Yamamoto, H, Yamamoto, K, Yamamoto, T, Yancey, Cc, Yang, L, Yap, Mj, Yazback, M, Yeeles, Dw, Yokogawa, K, Yokoyama, J, Yokozawa, T, Yoshioka, T, Yu, H, Yu, Hc, Yuen, Shr, Yuzurihara, H, Yvert, M, Zadrozny, Ak, Zanolin, M, Zeidler, S, Zelenova, T, Zendri, Jp, Zevin, M, Zhang, J, Zhang, L, Zhang, T, Zhao, C, Zhao, Y, Zhou, M, 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Subjects
neutron star: binary, EVENTS GW150914, Gravitational-wave observatory, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Astronomy, Binary number, Astrophysics, detector: network, Review Article, BLACK-HOLE BINARIES, 01 natural sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, localization, Physics, Particles & Fields, Gravitational waves, Gravitational-wave detectors, Electromagnetic counterparts, Data analysis, Observatory, Gravitational-wave detector, NEUTRON-STAR, LIGO, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ELECTROMAGNETIC SIGNALS, QC, QB, media_common, Settore FIS/01, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), NUCLEOSYNTHESIS, GAMMA-RAY BURSTS, star merger rate, COMPACT BINARIES, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Data analysi, Physical Sciences, Physique des particules élémentaires, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Gravitational wave, BLACK-HOLE MERGERS, data analysis method, LONG-TERM, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, counterparts, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, MASS, lcsh:Atomic physics. Constitution and properties of matter, Electromagnetic counterpart, Gravitational-wave astronomy, electromagnetic field: production, binary: coalescence, SEARCH, evolution, 0103 physical sciences, KAGRA, RATES, Luminosity distance, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Science & Technology, IDENTIFICATION, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Physique, COUNTERPART, gravitational radiation, black hole: mass, binary: compact, gravitational radiation detector, EVOLUTION, lcsh:QC170-197, Electromagnetic, detector: sensitivity, VIRGO, black hole: binary, Physics and Astronomy, Sky, Intermediate-mass black hole, STAR MERGER RATE, gravitational radiation: emission, SWIFT FOLLOW-UP
Abstract

We present our current best estimate of the plausible observing scenarios for the Advanced LIGO, Advanced Virgo and KAGRA gravitational-wave detectors over the next several years, with the intention of providing information to facilitate planning for multi-messenger astronomy with gravitational waves. We estimate the sensitivity of the network to transient gravitational-wave signals for the third (O3), fourth (O4) and fifth observing (O5) runs, including the planned upgrades of the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. We study the capability of the network to determine the sky location of the source for gravitational-wave signals from the inspiral of binary systems of compact objects, that is binary neutron star, neutron star–black hole, and binary black hole systems. The ability to localize the sources is given as a sky-area probability, luminosity distance, and comoving volume. The median sky localization area (90% credible region) is expected to be a few hundreds of square degrees for all types of binary systems during O3 with the Advanced LIGO and Virgo (HLV) network. The median sky localization area will improve to a few tens of square degrees during O4 with the Advanced LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA (HLVK) network. During O3, the median localization volume (90% credible region) is expected to be on the order of 105,106,107Mpc3 for binary neutron star, neutron star–black hole, and binary black hole systems, respectively. The localization volume in O4 is expected to be about a factor two smaller than in O3. We predict a detection count of 1-1+12(10-10+52) for binary neutron star mergers, of 0-0+19(1-1+91) for neutron star–black hole mergers, and 17-11+22(79-44+89) for binary black hole mergers in a one-calendar-year observing run of the HLV network during O3 (HLVK network during O4). We evaluate sensitivity and localization expectations for unmodeled signal searches, including the search for intermediate mass black hole binary mergers., 0, info:eu-repo/semantics/inPress

Published
2018

36. Prediction of Intravesical Recurrence After Radical Nephroureterectomy: Development of a Clinical Decision-making Tool

Author

Vitaly Margulis, Francesco Montorsi, Evanguelos Xylinas, Juan Ignacio Martínez-Salamanca, Harun Fajkovic, Giacomo Novara, Christian Seitz, Luis A. Kluth, Alon Z. Weizer, Morgan Rouprêt, Malte Rieken, Pierre I. Karakiewicz, Thomas J. Walton, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Mesut Remzi, Douglas S. Scherr, Marc Zerbib, Niccolo Passoni, Atiqullah Aziz, Quoc-Dien Trinh, Jay D. Raman, Hans-Martin Fritsche, Yair Lotan, Kazumasa Matsumoto, Richard K. Lee, Xylinas, E, Kluth, L, Passoni, N, Trinh, Qd, Rieken, M, Lee, Rk, Fajkovic, H, Novara, G, Margulis, V, Raman, Jd, Lotan, Y, Roupret, M, Aziz, A, Fritsche, Hm, Weizer, A, Martinez Salamanca, Ji, Matsumoto, K, Seitz, C, Remzi, M, Walton, T, Karakiewicz, Pi, Montorsi, Francesco, Zerbib, M, Scherr, D, and Shariat, Sf

Subjects
Male, Decision curve analysis, Intravesical recurrence, Nomogram, Prediction, Radical nephroureterectomy, Upper tract urothelial carcinoma, Aged, Carcinoma, Transitional Cell, Female, Humans, Kidney Neoplasms, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Neoplasms, Second Primary, Prognosis, Retrospective Studies, Ureter, Ureteral Neoplasms, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms, Decision Support Techniques, Nephrectomy, medicine.medical_specialty, Urology, law.invention, Randomized controlled trial, law, Neoplasms, Medicine, Stage (cooking), Bladder cancer, Proportional hazards model, business.industry, Carcinoma in situ, Carcinoma, medicine.disease, Surgery, Neoplasm Recurrence, Second Primary, Local, Concomitant, Cohort, Transitional Cell, business
Abstract

Background: Intravesical recurrence after radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) is a frequent event requiring intense cystoscopic surveillance. Recently, a prospective randomized clinical trial has shown that a single intravesical postoperative dose of mitomycin C (MMC) reduces the absolute risk of intravesical recurrence after RNU. Objective: The aim of the current study was to identify predictors of intravesical recurrence and to develop a tool to allow a risk-stratified approach supporting patient counseling for cystoscopic surveillance and postoperative intravesical MMC administration. Design, setting, and participants: We performed a retrospective analysis of 1839 patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). The data set was split into a development cohort of 1261 patients from North America and a validation cohort of 578 patients from Europe. Interventions: RNU with bladder cuff excision was performed. The surgical approach was open in 1424 patients (77.4%) and laparoscopic in 415 patients (22.6%). Outcome measurements and statistical analyses: Univariable and multivariable Cox regression models addressed time to intravesical recurrence after RNU. We developed a nomogram for prediction of the probability of intravesical recurrence at 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, and 36 mo. Predictive accuracy was quantified using the concordance index. Decision curve analysis was performed to evaluate the clinical benefit associated with the use of our nomograms. Results and limitations: With a median follow-up of 45 mo, intravesical recurrence occurred in 577 patients (31%). The probability of intravesical recurrence-free survival at 6, 12, 24, and 36 mo was 85% +/- 1%, 78% +/- 1%, 68% +/- 1%, and 47% +/- 2%, respectively. In multivariable Cox regression analysis, advanced age, male gender, ureteral tumor location, laparoscopic surgical technique, endoscopic distal ureteral management, previous bladder cancer, higher tumor stage, concomitant carcinoma in situ, and lymph node involvement were all significantly associated with intravesical recurrence (p values

Published
2014

37. Clinical nodal staging scores for prostate cancer: a proposal for preoperative risk assessment

Author

Mithat Gönen, Firas Abdollah, Felix K.-H. Chun, Richard K. Lee, Yair Lotan, Alberto Briganti, M. Graefen, Pierre I. Karakiewicz, Andreas Becker, Alexander Bachmann, Douglas S. Scherr, F. Montorsi, Harun Fajkovic, Maxine Sun, Karl Pummer, Alessandro Nonis, Michael Herman, Wolfgang Loidl, S.F. Shariat, Evanguelos Xylinas, Sascha Ahyai, A. Tewari, Luis A. Kluth, Paul Schramek, Jens Hansen, Malte Rieken, Behfar Ehdaie, Daniel Seiler, Christian Seitz, Kluth, La, Abdollah, F, Xylinas, E, Rieken, M, Fajkovic, H, Seitz, C, Sun, M, Karakiewicz, Pi, Schramek, P, Herman, Mp, Becker, A, Hansen, J, Ehdaie, B, Loidl, W, Pummer, K, Lee, Rk, Lotan, Y, Scherr, D, Seiler, D, Ahyai, Sa, Chun, Fk, Graefen, M, Tewari, A, Nonis, A, Bachmann, A, Montorsi, Francesco, Gönen, M, Briganti, A, and Shariat, Sf

Subjects
Oncology, Male, Cancer Research, Lymphatic metastasis, medicine.medical_specialty, nodal yield, medicine.medical_treatment, Preoperative risk, Nodal staging, extended lymph node dissection, Risk Assessment, Cohort Studies, Prostate cancer, Internal medicine, Medicine, Humans, Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Aged, 80 and over, Prostatectomy, lymph node metastasis, business.industry, Prostatic Neoplasms, Lymphatic Metastasi, lymph node metastasi, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, prostate cancer, pelvic lymph node dissection, Lymphatic Metastasis, Prostatic Neoplasm, Clinical Study, Lymph Node Excision, Neoplasm staging, Cohort Studie, business, Risk assessment, Human, Cohort study
Abstract

Background:Pelvic lymph node dissection in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy for clinically localised prostate cancer is not without morbidity and its therapeutical benefit is still a matter of debate. The objective of this study was to develop a model that allows preoperative determination of the minimum number of lymph nodes needed to be removed at radical prostatectomy to ensure true nodal status.Methods:We analysed data from 4770 patients treated with radical prostatectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection between 2000 and 2011 from eight academic centres. For external validation of our model, we used data from a cohort of 3595 patients who underwent an anatomically defined extended pelvic lymph node dissection. We estimated the sensitivity of pathological nodal staging using a beta-binomial model and developed a novel clinical (preoperative) nodal staging score (cNSS), which represents the probability that a patient has lymph node metastasis as a function of the number of examined nodes.Results:In the development and validation cohorts, the probability of missing a positive lymph node decreases with increase in the number of nodes examined. A 90% cNSS can be achieved in the development and validation cohorts by examining 1-6 nodes in cT1 and 6-8 nodes in cT2 tumours. With 11 nodes examined, patients in the development and validation cohorts achieved a cNSS of 90% and 80% with cT3 tumours, respectively.Conclusions:Pelvic lymph node dissection is the only reliable technique to ensure accurate nodal staging in patients treated with radical prostatectomy for clinically localised prostate cancer. The minimum number of examined lymph nodes needed for accurate nodal staging may be predictable, being strongly dependent on prostate cancer characteristics at diagnosis. © 2014 Cancer Research UK.

Published
2014

38. Impact of renal function on eligibility for chemotherapy and survival in patients who have undergone radical nephro-ureterectomy

Author

Xylinas, E., Rink, M., Margulis, V., Clozel, T., Lee, R., Comploj, E., Novara, Giacomo, Raman, J., Lotan, Y., Weizer, A., Roupret, M., Pycha, A., Scherr, D., Seitz, C., Ficarra, Vincenzo, Trinh, Q., Karakiewicz, P., Montorsi, F., Zerbib, M., Shariat, S., Xylinas, E, Rink, M, Margulis, V, Clozel, T, Lee, Rk, Comploj, E, Novara, G, Raman, Jd, Lotan, Y, Weizer, A, Roupret, M, Pycha, A, Scherr, D, Seitz, C, Ficarra, V, Trinh, Qd, Karakiewicz, Pi, Montorsi, Francesco, Zerbib, M, and Shariat, Sf

Subjects
Male, Carcinoma, Transitional Cell, Patient Selection, renal function, Middle Aged, upper tract urothelial carcinoma, chemotherapy, Kidney Function Tests, radical nephroureterectomy, Nephrectomy, Kidney Neoplasms, Survival Rate, Humans, Female, Ureter, Aged, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Retrospective Studies
Abstract

What's known on the subject? and what does the study add?: Radical nephroureterectomy (RNU), the standard of care treatment for high-risk urothelial carcinoma of the upper tract (UTUC), results in loss of a renal unit. Loss of renal function decreases eligibility for systemic chemotherapies and results in decreased overall survival in various malignancies. The study shows that only a small proportion of patients had a preoperative renal function that would allow cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Moreover, eGFR significantly decreased after RNU, thereby lowering the rate of cisplatin eligibility to only 16 and 52% of patients based on the thresholds of 60 and 45 mL/min/1.73 m(2) , respectively. Taken together with the rest of the literature, the findings of the study support the use of cisplatin-based chemotherapy, when indicated, in the neoadjuvant rather than adjuvant setting.To report (i) the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) changes in patients undergoing radical nephro-ureterectomy (RNU) for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC); (ii) the rate of change in eGFR in patients eligible for cisplatin-based chemotherapy; and (iii) the association of preoperative, postoperative and rate of change of renal function variables with survival outcomes.We performed a retrospective analysis of 666 patients treated with RNU for UTUC at seven international institutions from 1994 to 2007. The eGFR was calculated at baseline and at 3-6 months (Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula (MDRD) and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration formula (CKD-EP) equations).The median (interquartile range) eGFR decreased by 18.2 (8-12)% after RNU. A total of 37% of patients had a preoperative eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) , which decreased to 16% after RNU (P0.001); 72% of patients had a preoperative eGFR ≥ 45 mL/min/1.73 m(2) , which decreased to 52% after RNU (P0.001). The distributions were similar when analyses were restricted to patients with locally advanced disease (pT3-pT4) and/or lymph node metastasis. Patients older than the median age of 70 years were more likely to have a decrease in eGFR after RNU (P0.001). None of the renal function variables was associated with clinical outcomes such as disease recurrence, cancer-specific and overall mortality; however, when analyses were restricted to patients who had no adjuvant chemotherapy and did not experience disease recurrence (n = 431), a preoperative eGFR ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) (P = 0.03) and a postoperative eGFR ≥ 45 mL/min/1.73 m(2) (P = 0.04) were associated with better overall survival in univariable analyses.In patients who had UTUC, eGFR was low and furthermore, it significantly decreased after RNU. Renal function did not affect cancer-specific outcomes after RNU.

Published
2013

39. Impact of Distal Ureter Management on Oncologic Outcomes Following Radical Nephroureterectomy for Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

Author

Wassim Kassouf, Richard K. Lee, Christian Seitz, Quoc-Dien Trinh, Yair Lotan, Evanguelos Xylinas, Armin Pycha, Thomas J. Walton, Evi Comploj, Michael Rink, Kazumasa Matsumoto, Surena F. Matin, Francesco Montorsi, Vitaly Margulis, Thomas Clozel, Pierre I. Karakiewicz, Eugene K. Cha, Douglas S. Scherr, Giacomo Novara, Jay D. Raman, Harun Fajkovic, Alon Z. Weizer, Richard Zigeuner, Hans-Martin Fritsche, Juan Ignacio Martínez-Salamanca, Shahrokh F. Shariat, Marc Zerbib, Xylinas, E, Rink, M, Cha, Ek, Clozel, T, Lee, Rk, Fajkovic, H, Comploj, E, Novara, G, Margulis, V, Raman, Jd, Lotan, Y, Kassouf, W, Fritsche, Hm, Weizer, A, Martinez Salamanca, Ji, Matsumotom, K, Zigeuner, R, Pycha, A, Scherr, D, Seitz, C, Walton, T, Trinh, Qd, Karakiewicz, Pi, Matin, S, Montorsi, Francesco, Zerbib, M, and Shariat, Sf

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Urology, Nephrectomy, medicine, Humans, Statistical analysis, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Urothelial carcinoma, Aged, 80 and over, Carcinoma, Transitional Cell, Bladder cancer, Ureteral Neoplasms, business.industry, Carcinoma in situ, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Distal ureter, Kidney Neoplasms, Surgery, Treatment Outcome, Upper tract, Concomitant, Cuff, Female, Ureter, business
Abstract

Background: There is a lack of consensus regarding the optimal approach to the bladder cuff during radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). Objectives: To compare the oncologic outcomes following RNU using three different methods of bladder cuff management. Design, setting, and participants: Retrospective analysis of 2681 patients treated with RNU for UTUC at 24 international institutions from 1987 to 2007. Intervention: Three methods of bladder cuff excision were performed: transvesical, extravesical, and endoscopic. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis: Univariable and multivariable models tested the effect of distal ureter management on intravesical recurrence, recurrence-free survival (RFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS). Results and limitations: Of the 2681 patients, 1811 (67.5%) underwent the transvesical approach; 785 (29.3%), the extravesical approach; and 85 (3.2%), the endoscopic approach. There was no difference in terms of RFS, CSS, and OS among the three distal ureteral management approaches. Patients who underwent the endoscopic approach were at significantly higher risk of intravesical recurrence compared with those who underwent the transvesical (p = 0.02) or extravesical approaches (p = 0.02); the latter two groups did not differ from each other (p = 0.40). Actuarial intravesical RFS estimates at 2 and 5 yr after RNU were 69% and 58%, 69% and 51%, and 61% and 42% for the transvesical, extravesical, and endoscopic approaches, respectively. In multivariate analyses, distal ureteral management (p = 0.01), surgical technique (open vs laparoscopic; p = 0.02), previous bladder cancer (p < 0.001), higher tumor stage (trend; p = 0.01), concomitant carcinoma in situ (CIS) (p < 0.001), and lymph node involvement (trend; p < 0.001) were all associated with intravesical recurrence. Excluding patients with history of previous bladder cancer, all variables remained independent predictors of intravesical recurrence. Conclusions: The endoscopic approach was associated with higher intravesical recurrence rates. Interestingly, concomitant CIS in the upper tract is a strong predictor of intravesical recurrence after RNU. The association of laparoscopic RNU with intravesical recurrence needs to be further investigated. (C) 2012 European Association of Urology. Published by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.

Published
2012

41. Between-limb difference in peak knee flexion angle can identify persons post-stroke with Stiff-Knee gait.

Author

Lee J, Lee RK, Seamon BA, Kautz SA, Neptune RR, and Sulzer J

Abstract

Background: Stiff-Knee gait affects 25-75 % of individuals with post-stroke gait impairment and is typically defined as reduced swing phase knee flexion. Different studies use various measures to identify Stiff-Knee gait, such as peak swing knee flexion angle, timing of peak knee flexion, knee range of motion, and ankle push-off acceleration, leading to inconsistent results., Methods: This study used univariate cluster analysis to examine the independence, consistency, validity, and accuracy of different definitions in 50 post-stroke individuals (24 with and 26 without Stiff-Knee gait), as determined by a physiatrist. Spearman's rank correlation was used for correlation analysis, and five clustering techniques along with clinician evaluations were used for validity analysis., Findings: Correlation analysis showed that peak knee flexion timing and knee hyperextension are poorly correlated with reduced swing-phase knee flexion angle (ρ = -0.09 and ρ = -0.26 respectively). Validity analysis indicated that the between-limb difference in peak swing knee flexion angle and peak swing knee flexion angle at self-selected gait speeds were the most valid differentiators. At the fastest comfortable gait speed, the between-limb difference of peak knee flexion angle had the highest sensitivity, lowest specificity, and highest F1 scores., Interpretation: We determined thresholds of less than 44.3° for peak swing knee flexion angle and greater than 17.0° for the between-limb difference of peak knee flexion angle identify Stiff-Knee gait during self-selected walking. We recommend using the difference in peak swing knee flexion angle between limbs to diagnose post-stroke Stiff-Knee gait due to its robustness to changes in gait speed., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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42. Effectiveness and Safety of Trabeculectomy Versus Tube Shunt Implantation for Uveitic Glaucoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Author

Serhan HA, Ba-Shammakh SA, Hassan AK, Sanvicente CT, Anter AM, Marchi MB, Stein JD, Lee RK, Sallam AB, and Elhusseiny AM

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of trabeculectomy compared to glaucoma drainage devices (GDDs) in managing uveitic glaucoma (UG)., Design: Systematic review., Methods: We searched seven electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and Google Scholar) to compare trabeculectomy with various GDDs in UG. The primary outcome was intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction, and secondary outcomes included postoperative complications. We fitted a random effects model for meta-analysis and assessed the risk of bias using the National Institute of Health quality assessment tool., Results: We included eight studies; 197 eyes underwent trabeculectomy, and 277 eyes had GDDs. The mean age of participants was 48.5 years, with ∼53.5% being male in the trabeculectomy group and 49.3% in the GDDs group. The meta-analysis revealed no significant difference in IOP reduction between trabeculectomy and GDDs (P = .48). Subgroup analyses revealed no significant difference in IOP reduction between trabeculectomy and either the Ahmed glaucoma drainage device group (P = .38) or the Baerveldt glaucoma implant group (P = .90). GDDs were associated with higher rates of complications such as cystoid macular edema (CME) (15% vs. 4%, P < .001), need for revision surgery (11% vs. 6%, P = .04), and uveitic flare (5% vs. 0%, P = .001). However, trabeculectomy had a higher risk of cataract progression (7% vs. 1%, P < .001)., Conclusion: Trabeculectomy and GDDs demonstrated comparable effectiveness in reducing IOP or glaucoma medication reduction in UG. However, there were significant differences in their safety profiles; CME and revisions were higher in GDD, and cataract progression was higher after trabeculectomy., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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43. Macrophages Modulate Optic Nerve Crush Injury Scar Formation and Retinal Ganglion Cell Function.

Author

Liu Y, Liu X, Dorizas CA, Hao Z, and Lee RK

Subjects
Animals, Mice, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Nerve Crush, Apoptosis, Optic Nerve Injuries physiopathology, Optic Nerve Injuries pathology, Retinal Ganglion Cells pathology, Macrophages, Electroretinography, Cicatrix physiopathology, Disease Models, Animal
Abstract

Purpose: Optic nerve (ON) injuries can result in vision loss via structural damage and cellular injury responses. Understanding the immune response, particularly the role of macrophages, in the cellular response to ON injury is crucial for developing therapeutic approaches which affect ON injury repair. The present study investigates the role of macrophages in ON injury response, fibrotic scar formation, and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) function., Methods: The study utilizes macrophage Fas-induced apoptosis (MaFIA) mice to selectively deplete hematogenous macrophages and explores the impact macrophages have on ON injury responses. Histological and immunofluorescence analyses were used to evaluate macrophage expression levels and fibrotic scar formation. Pattern electroretinogram (PERG) recordings were used to assess RGC function as result of ON injury., Results: Successful macrophage depletion was induced in MaFIA mice, which led to reduced fibrotic scar formation in the ON post-injury. Despite an increase in activated macrophages in the retina, RGC function was preserved, as demonstrated by normal PERG waveforms for up to 2 months post-injury. The study suggests a neuroprotective role for macrophage depletion in ON damage repair and highlights the complex immune response to ON injury., Conclusions: To our knowledge, this study is the first to use MaFIA mice to demonstrate that targeted depletion of hematogenous macrophages leads to a significant reduction in scar size and the preservation of RGC functionality after ON injury. These findings highlight the key role of hematogenous macrophages in the response to ON injury and opens new avenues for therapeutic interventions in ON injuries. Future research should focus on investigating the distinct roles of macrophage subtypes in ON injury and potential macrophage-associated molecular targets to improve ON regeneration and repair.

Published
2024
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45. Concept of Normativity in Multi-Omics Analysis of Axon Regeneration.

Author

Moceri I, Meehan S, Gonzalez E, Park KK, Hackam A, Lee RK, and Bhattacharya S

Subjects
Animals, Mice, Proteome metabolism, Proteomics methods, Transcriptome, Multiomics, Axons metabolism, Nerve Regeneration
Abstract

Transcriptomes and proteomes can be normalized with a handful of RNAs or proteins (or their peptides), such as GAPDH, β-actin, RPBMS, and/or GAP43. Even with hundreds of standards, normalization cannot be achieved across different molecular mass ranges for small molecules, such as lipids and metabolites, due to the non-linearity of mass by charge ratio for even the smallest part of the spectrum. We define the amount (or range of amounts) of metabolites and/or lipids per a defined amount of a protein, consistently identified in all samples of a multiple-model organism comparison, as the normative level of that metabolite or lipid. The defined protein amount (or range) is a normalized value for one cohort of complete samples for which intrasample relative protein quantification is available. For example, the amount of citrate (a metabolite) per µg of aconitate hydratase (normalized protein amount) identified in the proteome is the normative level of citrate with aconitase. We define normativity as the amount of metabolites (or amount range) detected when compared to normalized protein levels. We use axon regeneration as an example to illustrate the need for advanced approaches to the normalization of proteins. Comparison across different pharmacologically induced axon regeneration mouse models entails the comparison of axon regeneration, studied at different time points in several models designed using different agents. For the normalization of the proteins across different pharmacologically induced models, we perform peptide doping (fixed amounts of known peptides) in each sample to normalize the proteome across the samples. We develop Regen V peptides, divided into Regen III (SEB, LLO, CFP) and II (HH4B, A1315), for pre- and post-extraction comparisons, performed with the addition of defined, digested peptides (bovine serum albumin tryptic digest) for protein abundance normalization beyond commercial labeled relative quantification (for example, 18-plex tandem mass tags). We also illustrate the concept of normativity by using this normalization technique on regenerative metabolome/lipidome profiles. As normalized protein amounts are different in different biological states (control versus axon regeneration), normative metabolite or lipid amounts are expected to be different for specific biological states. These concepts and standardization approaches are important for the integration of different datasets across different models of axon regeneration.

Published
2024
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46. Continuous Wave Transscleral Cyclophotocoagulation and Endoscopic Cyclophotocoagulation in Childhood Glaucoma: A Meta-Analysis.

Author

Elhusseiny AM, Hassan AK, Elsaman AS, Azhari JO, VanderVeen DK, Abdelnaem S, Pakravan M, Chang TC, Khodeiry MM, Khouri AS, Sayed MS, Lee RK, and Sallam AB

Subjects
Humans, Child, Child, Preschool, Ciliary Arteries, Tonometry, Ocular, Intraocular Pressure physiology, Laser Coagulation methods, Sclera surgery, Glaucoma surgery, Glaucoma physiopathology, Ciliary Body surgery, Endoscopy methods
Abstract

Prcis: Transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (TS-CPC) and endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation (ECP) were effective in reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) and glaucoma medications in childhood glaucoma., Objective: To report the outcomes of continuous wave TS-CPC and ECP in childhood glaucoma., Materials and Methods: We performed a systematic search of relevant databases. We collected data on age, follow-up duration, type of glaucoma, previous surgical interventions, preoperative and postoperative IOP, preoperative and postoperative number of glaucoma medications, adverse events, number of sessions, and success rates at different time points. The main outcome measures are the amount of IOP and glaucoma medication reduction., Results: We included 17 studies studying 526 patients (658 eyes); 11 evaluated the effectiveness of TS-CPC (268 patients, 337 eyes), 5 evaluated ECP (159 patients, 197 eyes), and one study compared both techniques (56 patients, 72 eyes for TS-CPC vs 43 patients, 52 eyes for ECP). The median duration of follow-up was 28 months in the TS-CPC group and 34.4 months in the ECP group. The mean number of treatment sessions was 1.7 in the TS-CPC and 1.3 in the ECP. In the TS-CPC group, the mean IOP was significantly reduced from 31.2 ± 8 to 20.8 ± 8 mm Hg at the last follow-up ( P < 0.001). The mean number of glaucoma medications was reduced from 2.3 ± 1.3 to 2.2 ± 1.3 ( P = 0.37). In the ECP group, there was also a significant reduction in the mean IOP from 32.9 ± 8 mm Hg with a mean of 1.7 ± 0.7 glaucoma medications to 22.6 ± 9.8 mm Hg ( P < 0.0001) on 1.2 ± 1.1 medications ( P = 0.009) at the last follow-up., Conclusion: Both TS-CPC and ECP were effective in reducing the IOP and glaucoma medications in childhood glaucoma. Multiple treatment sessions were required., Competing Interests: Disclosure: A.S.K. received grant support from Abbvie, New Jersey Health Foundation, and a fund for the NJ Blind. He is a consultant in Alcon, Glaukos. Also, he is the Speaker Bureau in Abbvie, Bausch & Lomb. The Bascom Palmer Eye Institute is supported by NIH Center Core Grant P30EY014801 and a Research to Prevent Blindness Unrestricted Grant. R.K.L. is supported by the Walter G. Ross Foundation. The remaining authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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47. Nowhere to Hide: Online Rumor Detection Based on Retweeting Graph Neural Networks.

Author

Liu B, Sun X, Meng Q, Yang X, Lee Y, Cao J, Luo J, and Lee RK

Abstract

Online rumor detection is crucial for a healthier online environment. Traditional methods mainly rely on content understanding. However, these contents can be easily adjusted to avoid such supervision and are insufficient to improve the detection result. Compared with the content, information propagation patterns are more informative to support further performance promotion. Unfortunately, learning the propagation patterns is difficult, since the retweeting tree is more topologically complicated than linear sequences or binary trees. In light of this, we propose a novel rumor detection framework based on structure-aware retweeting graph neural networks. To capture the propagation patterns, we first design a novel conversion method to transform the complex retweeting tree as more tractable binary tree without losing the reconstruction information. Then, we serialize the retweeting tree as a corpus of meta-tree paths, where each meta-tree can preserve a basic substructure. A deep neural network is then designed to integrate all meta-trees and to generate the global structural embeddings. Furthermore, we propose to integrate content, users, and propagation patterns to enhance more reliable performance. To this end, we propose a novel self-attention-based retweeting neural network to learn individual features from both content and users. We then fuse the node-level features with our global structural embeddings via a mutual attention unit. In this way, we can generate more comprehensive representations for rumor detection. Extensive evaluations on two real-world datasets show remarkable superiorities of our model compared with existing methods.

Published
2024
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48. Misogynistic Extremism: A Scoping Review.

Author

O'Hanlon R, Altice FL, Lee RK, LaViolette J, Mark G, Papakyriakopoulos O, Saha K, De Choudhury M, and Kumar N

Subjects
Humans, Male, Aggression, Sexism, Female, Terrorism prevention & control, Violence prevention & control, Gender-Based Violence prevention & control
Abstract

In recent years, the concept of "misogynistic extremism" has emerged as a subject of interest among scholars, governments, law enforcement personnel, and the media. Yet a consistent understanding of how misogynistic extremism is defined and conceptualized has not yet emerged. Varying epistemological orientations may contribute to the current conceptual muddle of this topic, reflecting long-standing and on-going challenges with the conceptualization of its individual components. To address the potential impact of misogynistic extremism (i.e., violent attacks), a more precise understanding of what this phenomenon entails is needed. To summarize the existing knowledge base on the nature of misogynistic extremism, this scoping review analyzed publications within English-language peer-reviewed and gray literature sources. Seven electronic databases and citation indexes were systematically searched using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist and charted using the 2020 PRISMA flow diagram. Inclusion criteria included English peer-reviewed articles and relevant gray literature publications, which contained the term "misogynistic extremism" and other closely related terms. No date restrictions were imposed. The search strategy initially yielded 475 publications. After exclusion of ineligible articles, 40 publications remained for synthesis. We found that misogynistic extremism is most frequently conceptualized in the context of misogynistic incels, male supremacism, far-right extremism, terrorism, and the black pill ideology. Policy recommendations include increased education among law enforcement and Countering and Preventing Violent Extremism experts on male supremacist violence and encouraging legal and educational mechanisms to bolster gender equality. Violence stemming from misogynistic worldviews must be addressed by directly acknowledging and challenging socially embedded systems of oppression such as white supremacy and cisheteropatriarchy., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Published
2024
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49. Large variation in radiation dose for routine abdomen CT: reasons for excess and easy tips for reduction.

Author

Smith-Bindman R, Kang T, Chu PW, Wang Y, Stewart C, Das M, Duong PA, Cervantes L, Lamba R, Lee RK, MacLeod F, Kasraie N, Neill R, Pike P, Roehm J, Schindera S, Chung R, Delman BN, Jeukens CRLPN, Starkey LJ, and Szczykutowicz TP

Subjects
Adult, Humans, Radiation Dosage, Retrospective Studies, Abdomen, Tomography, X-Ray Computed methods, Radiation Exposure
Abstract

Objective: To characterize the use and impact of radiation dose reduction techniques in actual practice for routine abdomen CT., Methods: We retrospectively analyzed consecutive routine abdomen CT scans in adults from a large dose registry, contributed by 95 hospitals and imaging facilities. Grouping exams into deciles by, first, patient size, and second, size-adjusted dose length product (DLP), we summarized dose and technical parameters and estimated which parameters contributed most to between-protocols dose variation. Lastly, we modeled the total population dose if all protocols with mean size-adjusted DLP above 433 or 645 mGy-cm were reduced to these thresholds., Results: A total of 748,846 CTs were performed using 1033 unique protocols. When sorted by patient size, patients with larger abdominal diameters had increased dose and effective mAs (milliampere seconds), even after adjusting for patient size. When sorted by size-adjusted dose, patients in the highest versus the lowest decile in size-adjusted DLP received 6.4 times the average dose (1680 vs 265 mGy-cm) even though diameter was no different (312 vs 309 mm). Effective mAs was 2.1-fold higher, unadjusted CTDI vol 2.9-fold, and phase 2.5-fold for patients in the highest versus lowest size-adjusted DLP decile. There was virtually no change in kV (kilovolt). Automatic exposure control was widely used to modulate mAs, whereas kV modulation was rare. Phase was the strongest driver of between-protocols variation. Broad adoption of optimized protocols could result in total population dose reductions of 18.6-40%., Conclusion: There are large variations in radiation doses for routine abdomen CT unrelated to patient size. Modification of kV and single-phase scanning could result in substantial dose reduction., Clinical Relevance: Radiation dose-optimization techniques for routine abdomen CT are routinely under-utilized leading to higher doses than needed. Greater modification of technical parameters and number of phases could result in substantial reduction in radiation exposure to patients., Key Points: • Based on an analysis of 748,846 routine abdomen CT scans in adults, radiation doses varied tremendously across patients of the same size and optimization techniques were routinely under-utilized. • The difference in observed dose was due to variation in technical parameters and phase count. Automatic exposure control was commonly used to modify effective mAs, whereas kV was rarely adjusted for patient size. Routine abdomen CT should be performed using a single phase, yet multi-phase was common. • kV modulation by patient size and restriction to a single phase for routine abdomen indications could result in substantial reduction in radiation doses using well-established dose optimization approaches., (© 2023. The Author(s).)

Published
2024
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50. An Extensive-Form Game Paradigm for Visual Field Testing via Deep Reinforcement Learning.

Author

Ma R, Tao Y, Khodeiry MM, Liu X, Mendoza X, Liu Y, Shyu ML, and Lee RK

Subjects
Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Visual Field Tests methods, Algorithms, Visual Fields, Glaucoma
Abstract

Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible but preventable blindness worldwide, and visual field testing is an important tool for its diagnosis and monitoring. Testing using standard visual field thresholding procedures is time-consuming, and prolonged test duration leads to patient fatigue and decreased test reliability. Different visual field testing algorithms have been developed to shorten testing time while maintaining accuracy. However, the performance of these algorithms depends heavily on prior knowledge and manually crafted rules that determine the intensity of each light stimulus as well as the termination criteria, which is suboptimal. We leverage deep reinforcement learning to find improved decision strategies for visual field testing. In our proposed algorithms, multiple intelligent agents are employed to interact with the patient in an extensive-form game fashion, with each agent controlling the test on one of the testing locations in the patient's visual field. Through training, each agent learns an optimized policy that determines the intensities of light stimuli and the termination criteria, which minimizes the error in sensitivity estimation and test duration at the same time. In simulation experiments, we compare the performance of our algorithms against baseline visual field testing algorithms and show that our algorithms achieve a better trade-off between estimation accuracy and test duration. By retaining testing accuracy with reduced test duration, our algorithms improve test reliability, clinic efficiency, and patient satisfaction, and translationally affect clinical outcomes.

Published
2024
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