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Abstract: Objective: Recent studies have shown that a BRAFV600E reflects poor prognosis, mainly in Western countries. However, some clinicians in Japan have suggested that the BRAFV600E mutation is not associated with a poor prognosis. Therefore, we investigated a relationship between BRAFV600E mutation and clinicopathologic factors. Methods: From September 2008 to December 2009, we performed routine analysis of the BRAFV600E mutation using thyroid cancer tissue from 424 patients who underwent thyroidectomy with cervical lymph node dissection. Results: The BRAFV600E mutation was found in 335 of 424 cases (79%) and was higher in classic papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) (79.7%) than in the follicular variant of PTC (62.5%) (P = .019). On univariate analysis, the BRAFV600E mutation was associated with extrathyroidal extension (P = .009) and variants of PTC (P = .019), but a high-risk Metastasis, Patient Age, Completeness of resection, local Invasion and Tumor Size (MACIS) score (≥ 6) (P = .146) and lymph node metastasis (P = .628) were not significantly associated with the BRAFV600E mutation. Multivariate analysis showed that extrathyroidal extension is independently associated with the BRAFV600E mutation (relative ratio: 2.466; 95% confidence interval, 1.213–5.011; P < .013). Conclusion: It is not clear that the BRAFV600E mutation is useful for prediction of poor prognosis of PTC. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]