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Background Extensive eyelid defects are extremely challenging to reconstruct. Although numerous procedures for reconstructing periorbital defects have been proposed, no method is universally used. However, the Tenzel flap is the most commonly used technique to reconstruct eyelid defects affecting one-third to two-thirds of the eyelid. Methods Recognizing the usefulness of the Tenzel method, we adapted it to reconstruct larger defects around the eyes. Seven patients underwent reconstruction with a modified Tenzel flap with an extended concept after wide excision of a malignant skin lesion. The main difference from the conventional method is that the modified Tenzel flap includes the medial portion of the lower lid defect. The design of a modified Tenzel flap begins as a semicircle at the lateral canthal area, in the same way as a classical Tenzel flap, and extends medially along the subciliary line to cover the defect on the medial lower eyelid. The follow-up time ranged from 3 to 28 months. Results All flaps survived and healed well, with minimal scarring and natural palpebral outlines. Conclusion Compared to traditional procedures, the modified Tenzel flap has several advantages, including a one-stage operation, a less noticeable scar, and effective prevention of complications such as lower eyelid ectropion.

The gastrointestinal tract in the adult Drosophila serves as a model system for exploring the mechanisms underlying digestion, absorption and excretion, stem cell plasticity, and inter-organ communication, particularly through the gut–brain axis. It is also useful for studying the cellular and adaptive responses to dietary changes, alterations in microbiota and immunity, and systematic and endocrine signals. Despite the various cell types and distinct regions in the gastrointestinal tract, few tools are available to target and manipulate the activity of each cell type and region, and their gene expression. Here, we report 353 GAL4 lines and several split-GAL4 lines that are expressed in enteric neurons (ENs), progenitors (ISCs and EBs), enterocytes (ECs), enteroendocrine cells (EEs), or/and other cell types that are yet to be identified in distinct regions of the gut. We had initially collected approximately 600 GAL4 lines that may be expressed in the gut based on RNA sequencing data, and then crossed them to UAS-GFP to perform immunohistochemistry to identify those that are expressed selectively in the gut. The cell types and regional expression patterns that are associated with the entire set of GAL4 drivers and split-GAL4 combinations are annotated online at http://kdrc.kr/index.php (K-Gut Project). This GAL4 resource can be used to target specific populations of distinct cell types in the fly gut, and therefore, should permit a more precise investigation of gut cells that regulate important biological processes.

Additional file 2 : Figure S2. Three rounds of hPD-MSC therapy at longer injection intervals had no therapeutic effects on ovarian aging. (a) After three injections at 4-week intervals, the number of follicles at various stages was counted and compared with the number in the control group. At the indicated time-points following the hPD-MSC injection, six rats from each group were randomly selected and analyzed after H&E staining in every tenth section throughout the ovary. The results are presented as the mean ± SEM. (b, c) Serum levels of E2 (b) and AMH (c) as determined by ELISA at various time-points after three injections at 4-week intervals showed no difference. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM. The asterisk represents statistical significance at p

Additional file 1 : Figure S1. Analysis of human cells after a single injection of hPD-MSCs into aged rats via the tail vein. Human DNA (AluYb8) sequences were found in different organs (lung, liver, and ovary) after single-injection hPD-MSC therapy. The results show that the hPD-MSCs were located in the ovary 2–3 weeks after the tail vein injection. Red boxes indicate the present of the AluYb8 sequence in organs.