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6. Improving Diabetic Wound-Healing Outcomes With Topical Growth Factor Therapies.

Author

Wong, Andrew Yew Wei, Hooi, Natalie Ming Foong, Yeo, Brian Sheng Yep, Sultana, Rehena, Bee, Yong Mong, Lee, Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin, and Tay, Sook Muay

Subjects
GROWTH factors, WOUND healing, EPIDERMAL growth factor, FIBROBLAST growth factors, DIABETIC foot, PLATELET-rich plasma, DIABETES
Abstract

Context Diabetes mellitus is associated with morbid complications such as diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) that may lead to amputations or mortality if not managed adequately. Objective New adjunctive interventions to treat diabetic wounds include topical biologics and growth factors. This study aims to evaluate their efficacy in improving wound-healing outcomes and safety. Methods Comprehensive database searches of MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane were performed from inception to December 2022. Three independent researchers selected the studies. Randomized controlled trials that compared the use of a topical biologic growth factor-containing regimen to other biologics or standard of care (SOC) were included. This review followed PRISMA guidelines. Risk of bias analysis was performed using the Jadad scale. Network meta-analysis was performed. Treatments were grouped into common nodes based on the type of biologic agent. Primary outcomes of interest were healing rate and time to wound closure. Secondary outcomes included wound infection, serious adverse events (AEs), and amputation rate. Results Human umbilical cord (HUC) was associated with the highest cure, followed by recombinant human epidermal growth factor (hEGF). A significantly greater reduction in the time to cure DFUs was seen in HUC, hEGF, and fibroblast growth factor (FGF). There was a significantly lower risk of AEs when platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was administered. Conclusion HUC, hEGF, and FGF are promising topical biologics with statistically significant primary outcomes compared to SOC, while PRP is effective in reducing ulcer-related AEs. HUC has been found to be the most effective in terms of cure rate and a reduction in time to cure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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7. Exercise Interventions to Improve Depression, Anxiety and Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults with Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Control Trials

Author

Soong, Rou Yi, primary, Ong, Vanessa, additional, Lee, Charmaine, additional, Lee, Fattah, additional, Sim, Isaac, additional, Chew, Lucas, additional, Yau, Chun En, additional, Low, Chen Ee, additional, Lee, Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin, additional, and Chen, Matthew Zhixuan, additional

Published
2024
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8. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol subfraction HDL2 is associated with improved endothelial function in systemic lupus erythematosus

Author

Lee, Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin, primary, Yau, Chun En, additional, Chua, Cheryl Kai Ting, additional, Cheng, Wan Ling, additional, Chia, Avery Joy Li, additional, Wong, Shi Yin, additional, Kow, Nien Yee, additional, Gong, Lingli, additional, Lee, Bernett Teck Kwong, additional, Ling, Lieng Hsi, additional, Mak, Anselm, additional, Loh, Tze Ping, additional, and Tay, Sen Hee, additional

Published
2024
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9. Educational interventions to reduce depression and anxiety in older adults with cancer in the community: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of randomised controlled trials.

Author

Low, Chen Ee, Pillay, Renish M, Teo, Finn Jing Jie, Loh, Caitlin Yuen Ling, Yau, Chun En, Lee, Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin, Ho, Cyrus Su Hui, and Chen, Matthew Zhixuan

Subjects
PREVENTION of mental depression, ANXIETY prevention, MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems, INDEPENDENT living, INCOME, EDUCATIONAL outcomes, CANCER patients, META-analysis, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, SYSTEMATIC reviews, MEDLINE, CANCER chemotherapy, QUALITY of life, LUNG tumors, CANCER patient psychology, ONLINE information services, CONFIDENCE intervals, TUMOR classification, PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems, EDUCATIONAL attainment, REGRESSION analysis
Abstract

Background Older adults make up half of those with cancer and are prone to mood disorders, such as depression and severe anxiety, resulting in negative repercussions on their health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL). Educational interventions have been shown to reduce adverse psychological outcomes. We examined the effect of educational interventions on the severity of psychological outcomes in older adults with cancer (OAC) in the community. Method This PRISMA-adherent systematic review involved a search of PubMed, MedLine, Embase and PsycINFO for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated educational interventions impacting the severity of depression, anxiety and HRQOL in OAC. Random effects meta-analyses and meta-regressions were used for the primary analysis. Results Fifteen RCTs were included. Meta-analyses showed a statistically insignificant decrease in the severity of depression (SMD = −0.30, 95%CI: −0.69; 0.09), anxiety (SMD = −0.30, 95%CI: −0.73; 0.13) and improvement in overall HRQOL scores (SMD = 0.44, 95%CI: −0.16; 1.04). However, subgroup analyses revealed that these interventions were particularly effective in reducing the severity of depression and anxiety in specific groups, such as OAC aged 60–65, those with early-stage cancer, those with lung cancer and those treated with chemotherapy. A systematic review found that having attained a higher education and income level increased the efficacy of interventions in decreasing the severity of adverse psychological outcomes. Conclusion Although overall meta-analyses were statistically insignificant, subgroup meta-analyses highlighted a few specific subgroups that the educational interventions were effective for. Future interventions can be implemented to target these vulnerable groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. Non-Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants versus Low Molecular Weight Heparin for Cancer-Related Venous Thromboembolic Events: Individual Patient Data Meta-Analysis

Author

Yau, Chun En, primary, Low, Chen Ee, additional, Ong, Natasha Yixuan, additional, Rana, Sounak, additional, Chew, Lucas Jun Rong, additional, Tyebally, Sara Moiz, additional, Chai, Ping, additional, Yeo, Tiong-Cheng, additional, Chan, Mark Y., additional, Lee, Matilda Xinwei, additional, Tan, Li-Ling, additional, Koo, Chieh-Yang, additional, Lee, Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin, additional, and Sia, Ching-Hui, additional

Published
2023
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13. Severity and Longitudinal Course of Depression, Anxiety and Post-Traumatic Stress in Paediatric and Young Adult Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Lee, Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin, Yau, Chun En, Low, Chen Ee, Li, Jiaqi, Ho, Roger CM, Ho, Cyrus Su Hui, Lee, Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin [0000-0002-5896-2929], Yau, Chun En [0000-0002-5844-8962], Ho, Roger CM [0000-0001-9629-4493], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
meta-analysis, paediatric cancer, depression, childhood cancer, General Medicine, psychosocial oncology, post-traumatic stress, anxiety, supportive care in cancer
Abstract

Peer reviewed: True, BACKGROUND: A diagnosis of cancer and treatment may constitute a highly traumatic period for paediatric cancer patients (PYACPs). However, no review has comprehensively analysed how the mental health of PYACPs is acutely affected and the longitudinal course. METHODS: This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines. Comprehensive searches of databases were conducted to identify studies of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress symptoms in PYACPs. Random effects meta-analyses were used for the primary analysis. RESULTS: From 4898 records, 13 studies were included. Acutely after diagnosis, depressive and anxiety symptoms were significantly elevated in PYACPs. Depressive symptoms only significantly decreased after 12 months (standardised mean difference, SMD = -0.88; 95% CI: -0.92, -0.84). This downward trajectory persisted to 18 months (SMD = -1.862; 95% CI: -1.29, -1.09). Anxiety symptoms similarly only decreased after 12 (SMD = -0.34; 95% CI: -0.42, -0.27) up to 18 months (SMD = -0.49; 95% CI: -0.60, -0.39) after the cancer diagnosis. Post-traumatic stress symptoms showed protracted elevations throughout follow-up. Overall, significant predictors of poorer psychological outcomes included unhealthy family functioning, concomitant depression or anxiety, poor cancer prognosis or experiencing cancer and treatment-related side effects. CONCLUSIONS: While depression and anxiety may improve over time with a favourable environment, post-traumatic stress may have a protracted course. Timely identification and psycho-oncological intervention are critical.

Published
2023
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14. COVID-19 Severity and Waning Immunity After up to 4 mRNA Vaccine Doses in 73 608 Patients With Cancer and 621 475 Matched Controls in Singapore

Author

Tan, Wei Chong, primary, Tan, Janice Yu Jin, additional, Lim, Joline Si Jing, additional, Tan, Ryan Ying Cong, additional, Lee, Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin, additional, Leong, Fun Loon, additional, Lee, Soo Chin, additional, Chai, Louis Yi Ann, additional, Tan, Thuan Tong, additional, Malek, Muhammad Ismail Bin Abdul, additional, Ong, Benjamin, additional, Lye, David Chien, additional, Chiew, Calvin J., additional, Chng, Wee Joo, additional, Lim, Soon Thye, additional, Bharwani, Lavina D., additional, Tan, Iain Beehuat, additional, Sundar, Raghav, additional, and Tan, Kelvin Bryan, additional

Published
2023
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21. Neutralising antibody titers and COVID outcomes in cancer patients

Author

Lee, Matilda Xinwei, primary, Peng, Siyu, additional, Lee, Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin, additional, Tay, Ryan Yong Kiat, additional, Li, Jiaqi, additional, Wong, Shi Yin, additional, Tariq, Areeba, additional, Goh, Claire Xin Yi, additional, Tan, Ying Kiat, additional, Tan, Benjamin Kye Jyn, additional, Teo, Chong Boon, additional, Chan, Esther, additional, Ooi, Melissa, additional, Chng, Wee Joo, additional, Chee, Cheng Ean, additional, Ho, Carol LF., additional, Walsh, Robert John, additional, Sethi, Sunil Kumar, additional, Tan, Shaun Shi Yan, additional, Chan, Yiong Huak, additional, Tan, Kelvin Bryan, additional, Lee, Soo-Chin, additional, Chai, Louis Yi Ann, additional, and Sundar, Raghav, additional

Published
2023
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22. Clinical efficacy and long-term immunogenicity of an early triple dose regimen of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in cancer patients

Author

Lee, Matilda Xinwei, primary, Peng, Siyu, additional, Lee, Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin, additional, Wong, Shi Yin, additional, Tay, Ryan Yong Kiat, additional, Li, Jiaqi, additional, Tariq, Areeba, additional, Goh, Claire Xin Yi, additional, Tan, Ying Kiat, additional, Tan, Benjamin Kye Jyn, additional, Teo, Chong Boon, additional, Chan, Esther, additional, Ooi, Melissa, additional, Chng, Wee Joo, additional, Chee, Cheng Ean, additional, Ho, Carol LF, additional, Walsh, Robert John, additional, Wong, Maggie, additional, Su, Yan, additional, Alexander, Lezhava, additional, Sethi, Sunil Kumar, additional, Tan, Shaun Shi Yan, additional, Chan, Yiong Huak, additional, Tan, Kelvin Bryan, additional, Lee, Soo-Chin, additional, Chai, Louis Yi Ann, additional, and Sundar, Raghav, additional

Published
2023
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23. Natural Progression of Left Ventricular Function following Anthracyclines without Cardioprotective Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Lee, Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin, primary, Yau, Chun En, additional, Low, Chen Ee, additional, Li, Jiaqi, additional, Tyebally, Sara Moiz, additional, Lin, Weiqin, additional, Tan, Li-Ling, additional, Liao, Chia-Te, additional, Chang, Wei-Ting, additional, Lee, Matilda Xinwei, additional, Koo, Chieh-Yang, additional, and Sia, Ching-Hui, additional

Published
2023
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24. Natural Progression of Left Ventricular Function following Anthracyclines without Cardioprotective Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Lee, Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin, Yau, Chun En, Low, Chen Ee, Li, Jiaqi, Tyebally, Sara Moiz, Lin, Weiqin, Tan, Li-Ling, Liao, Chia-Te, Chang, Wei-Ting, Lee, Matilda Xinwei, Koo, Chieh-Yang, Sia, Ching-Hui, Yau, Chun En [0000-0002-5844-8962], Lin, Weiqin [0000-0001-8319-504X], Koo, Chieh-Yang [0000-0002-6051-3807], Sia, Ching-Hui [0000-0002-2764-2869], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
anthracyclines, Cancer Research, breast cancer, cardio-oncology, Oncology, cardiotoxicity, heart failure, Systematic Review, haematological cancer, oncology_oncogenics, chemotherapy toxicity
Abstract

Peer reviewed: True, BACKGROUND: Anthracyclines form the backbone of many systemic chemotherapy regimens but are accompanied by dose-limiting cardiotoxicity. We elucidate the progression and severity of cardiac function over time, in the absence of cardioprotection, which less is known about. METHODS: This PRISMA-guideline-adherent review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022373496). RESULTS: 26 studies met the eligibility criteria including a total of 910 patients. The overall reduction in post-anthracycline pooled mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in placebo arms of the included randomised-controlled trials was 4.5% (95% CI, 2.6 to 6.4). The trend in LVEF showed a progressive decline until approximately 180 days, after which there was no significant change. Those receiving a cumulative anthracycline dose of 300 mg/m2 experienced a more profound reduction. The overall pooled risk of a 10% absolute decline in LVEF from baseline, or a decline to an LVEF below 50%, was 17% (95% CI: 11 to 24; I2 = 71%). Sensitivity analyses of baseline LVEF and trastuzumab treatment status did not yield significant differences. CONCLUSION: While the mean LVEF decline in patients without cardioprotective therapy was clinically small, a vulnerable subset experienced significant impairment. Further research to best identify those who benefit most from cardioprotective therapies when receiving anthracyclines is required.

Published
2023

25. Natural Progression of Left Ventricular Function Following Anthracyclines without Cardioprotective Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Author

Lee, Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin, primary, Yau, Chun En, additional, Low, Chen Ee, additional, Li, Jiaqi, additional, Tyebally, Sara Moiz, additional, Lin, Weiqin, additional, Tan, Li-Ling, additional, Liao, Chia-Te, additional, Chang, Wei-Ting, additional, Lee, Matilda Xinwei, additional, Koo, Chieh-Yang, additional, and Sia, Ching-Hui, additional

Published
2022
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26. Booster doses of COVID-19 vaccines for patients with haematological and solid cancer: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis

Author

Mai, Aaron Shengting, primary, Lee, Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin, additional, Tay, Ryan Yong Kiat, additional, Shapiro, Lauren, additional, Thakkar, Astha, additional, Halmos, Balazs, additional, Grinshpun, Albert, additional, Herishanu, Yair, additional, Benjamini, Ohad, additional, Tadmor, Tamar, additional, Shroff, Rachna T., additional, LaFleur, Bonnie J., additional, Bhattacharya, Deepta, additional, Peng, Siyu, additional, Tey, Jeremy, additional, Lee, Soo Chin, additional, Chai, Louis Yi Ann, additional, Soon, Yu Yang, additional, Sundar, Raghav, additional, and Lee, Matilda Xinwei, additional

Published
2022
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28. Effects of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist (GLP-1RA) on Cardiac Structure and Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized-Controlled Trials

Author

Wong, Shi Yin, primary, Lee, Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin, additional, Sia, Aaron Hon Jiun, additional, Wo, Yu Jun, additional, Teo, Yao Hao, additional, Teo, Yao Neng, additional, Syn, Nicholas L., additional, Ong, Ching-Ching, additional, Teo, Lynette L., additional, Yeo, Tiong-Cheng, additional, Poh, Kian-Keong, additional, Kong, William K., additional, Wong, Raymond C., additional, and Sia, Ching-Hui, additional

Published
2022
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29. Behavioral Interventions for the Patient–Caregiver Unit in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure: A Systematic Review of Caregiver Outcomes

Author

G,Suthershinii, Tan,Weiling Amanda, Lee,Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin, and Chen,Matthew Zhixuan

Subjects
Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare
Abstract

Suthershinii G,1,* Weiling Amanda Tan,2,* Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin Lee,2 Matthew Zhixuan Chen3 1Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; 2Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; 3Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Matthew Zhixuan Chen, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Tower Block, Level 10 Department of Medicine, 119228, Singapore, Tel +65 6779 5555, Email zhixuan_matthew_chen@nuhs.edu.sgBackground: Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a debilitating condition that affects millions worldwide. It is accompanied by a myriad of adverse consequences, such asdiminishing of quality of life and deterioration of mental health. Caregivers play a pivotal role in helping CHF patients manage their conditions and symptoms, as a result the physical, mental and emotional state of caregivers have a direct impact on CHF patients and the management of this condition.Purpose: This systematic review aims to synthesize data about the effectiveness of behavioral interventions targeted at patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and/or informal caregivers of CHF patients to improve overall management and treatment of CHF in the population.Patients and Methods: Three databases were searched for published studies and studies that included evaluated outcomes of interventions that targeted CHF patients or informal caregivers. All randomized controlled trials, trials of either experimental or quasi-experimental design were included. Studies that only involved formal caregivers, patient populations of adolescents/young adults and patients with non-chronic conditions were excluded.Results: Across the 21 included studies, no study reported a significant improvement in all three domains of quality of life (QoL), depression and loneliness of caregivers while only three studies reported a significant improvement in two outcomes. Within each domain, heterogeneity in measures limited quantitative pooling.Conclusion: This review provides data on the efficacy of interventions targeted at CHF patients and/or informal caregivers. It also highlights successful interventions and its features. Following this, additional resources need to be invested and directed towards implementing these interventions.Keywords: caregiver burden, chronic care, multidisciplinary care, psychosocial

Published
2022

32. sj-docx-1-taj-10.1177_20406223221140390 – Supplemental material for Transcranial alternating current stimulation and its effects on cognition and the treatment of psychiatric disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Lee, Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin, Yau, Chun En, Mai, Aaron Shengting, Tan, Weiling Amanda, Ong, Bernard Soon Yang, Yam, Natalie Elizabeth, and Ho, Cyrus Su Hui

Subjects
FOS: Psychology, 110203 Respiratory Diseases, FOS: Clinical medicine, Cardiology, 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified, 111702 Aged Health Care, FOS: Health sciences, 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy), 110306 Endocrinology, 110308 Geriatrics and Gerontology, 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified, 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases
Abstract

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-taj-10.1177_20406223221140390 for Transcranial alternating current stimulation and its effects on cognition and the treatment of psychiatric disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis by Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin Lee, Chun En Yau, Aaron Shengting Mai, Weiling Amanda Tan, Bernard Soon Yang Ong, Natalie Elizabeth Yam and Cyrus Su Hui Ho in Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease

Published
2022
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33. Efficacy of covid-19 vaccines in immunocompromised patients: systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Lee, Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin, primary, Wong, Shi Yin, additional, Chai, Louis Yi Ann, additional, Lee, Soo Chin, additional, Lee, Matilda Xinwei, additional, Muthiah, Mark Dhinesh, additional, Tay, Sen Hee, additional, Teo, Chong Boon, additional, Tan, Benjamin Kye Jyn, additional, Chan, Yiong Huak, additional, Sundar, Raghav, additional, and Soon, Yu Yang, additional

Published
2022
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37. Efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines in immunocompromised patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

Lee, Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin, primary, Wong, Shi Yin, additional, Chai, Louis Yi Ann, additional, Lee, Soo Chin, additional, Lee, Matilda, additional, Muthiah, Mark Dhinesh, additional, Tay, Sen Hee, additional, Teo, Chong Boon, additional, Tan, Benjamin Kye Jyn, additional, Chan, Yiong Huak, additional, Sundar, Raghav, additional, and Soon, Yu Yang, additional

Published
2021
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39. The ageing surgeon workforce: A qualitative study of interprofessional perspectives.

Author

Lee, Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin, Tan, Joelle Hwee Inn, Ng, Hannah Jia Hui, and Rajaratnam, Vaikunthan

Subjects
INTERPROFESSIONAL education, SURGEONS, TRAINING of surgeons, QUALITATIVE research, TREATMENT effectiveness, LABOR supply, OPEN-ended questions
Abstract

Objective: Identify, design and develop selective strategies to guide the management of ageing surgeons. Materials and Methods: A semi-structured interview with preset open-ended questions was employed to interview stakeholders in healthcare. Questions related to the continued practice of ageing surgeons and what can be done to leverage the competencies and experiences of ageing surgeons whilst ensuring patient safety. Results: A total of 12 respondents were included before theoretical saturation was reached. Most respondents agreed that the skills of ageing surgeons can be leveraged to improve patient outcomes or are transferable to non-clinical roles such as mentorship, teaching and research. An ageing surgeon's personal pursuits and personality may act as barriers to this approach however. Ways to keep ageing surgeons in continued practice were explored, like the proposal of a functional evaluation. Promises of a work-life balance was also considered to incentivise the continued contributions of ageing surgeons. Conclusion: A comprehensive, multidisciplinary and objective evaluation should be periodically conducted to evaluate the competency of ageing surgeons. Education, mentoring and research career paths can be considered for surgeons who can no longer practice clinically. Professional guidance for retirement planning may be provided earlier for ageing surgeons to be meaningfully engaged post-clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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40. Post-traumatic stress disorder and symptoms in paediatric cancer survivors and their family nucleus: systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.

Author

Low CE, Tan SYP, Loh A, Yu J, Ong JZE, Loh CYL, Yau CE, Lee ARYB, and Ho CSH

Abstract

Background: Various studies have highlighted the increased incidence and symptoms of depression and anxiety in paediatric cancer survivors (PCS). Yet no meta-analysis has focused on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) in PCS and their family nucleus., Aims: To evaluate the overall risk of PTSD and severity of PTSS in PCS and their family nucleus. Secondary objectives include identifying potential risk factors of PTSD and high PTSS., Method: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase and PsycINFO for studies comparing the risk of PTSD and PTSS severity among PCS, their family nucleus and non-cancer controls. PRISMA reporting guidelines were followed. Random effects meta-analyses and meta-regressions were conducted., Results: From 1089 records, we included 21 studies. PCS have an increased risk of PTSD (risk ratio 2.36, 95% CI 1.37-4.06) and decreased PTSS severity (standardised mean difference -0.29, 95% CI -0.50 to -0.08). Subgroup analyses of other categorical study-level characteristics revealed that female PCS who were older at diagnosis and data collection had a significantly higher risk of PTSD. Meta-regression were insignificant. Family nucleus did not show a significantly increased risk of PTSD (risk ratio 1.13, 95% CI 0.59-5.00) and PTSS severity (standardised mean difference 0.53, 95% CI -0.00 to 1.06). Systematically reviewing studies on the family nucleus found that the majority reported a significantly increased risk of psychological trauma compared with the comparator. Lower education, income and social status were also risk factors., Conclusions: Timely identification and interventions are imperative for policy makers and healthcare providers to prevent trauma from worsening in this population group.

Published
2024
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