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5. The effects of Aronia berry (poly)phenol supplementation on arterial function and the gut microbiome in middle aged men and women: Results from a randomized controlled trial

Author

Le Sayec, Melanie, primary, Xu, Yifan, additional, Laiola, Manolo, additional, Gallego, Fabiola Alvarez, additional, Katsikioti, Daphne, additional, Durbidge, Chandler, additional, Kivisild, Uku, additional, Armes, Sarah, additional, Lecomte, Manon, additional, Fança-Berthon, Pascale, additional, Fromentin, Emilie, additional, Plaza Oñate, Florian, additional, Cruickshank, J Kennedy, additional, and Rodriguez-Mateos, Ana, additional

Published
2022
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6. List of Contributors

Author

Abreu, Sandra, primary, Akal, Ceren, additional, Alavi, Farhad, additional, Aoi, Wataru, additional, Aziz, Monowar, additional, Bagwe, Siddhi M., additional, Benatar, Jocelyne R., additional, Bergholdt, Helle Kirstine Mørup, additional, Bhullar, Sukhwinder K., additional, Bourlieu, Claire, additional, Brück, Wolfram M., additional, Buttar, Harpal S., additional, Clifton, Peter, additional, da Silva Miglioranza, Lucia H., additional, De Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse, additional, de Moreno de LeBlanc, Alejandra, additional, De Pelsmaeker, Sara, additional, De Steur, Hans, additional, de Vries, Ronald P., additional, Deci, Eda, additional, Dichi, Isaias, additional, Ellervik, Christina, additional, Emam-Djomeh, Zahra, additional, Fontecha, Javier, additional, Galli, Claudio, additional, Garrido, Daniel, additional, Gellynck, Xavier, additional, Girard, Christiane L., additional, Graulet, Benoît, additional, Grosso, Giuseppe, additional, Hansen, Laura W., additional, Haraldsdottir, Alfheidur, additional, Hellgren, Lars I., additional, Horowitz, Michael, additional, Hsieh, Ying-Hsin, additional, Iwasa, Masayo, additional, Juárez, Manuela, additional, Kapaj, Ana, additional, Kapila, Rajeev, additional, Kapila, Suman, additional, Kaur, Ginpreet, additional, Kumar, Naresh, additional, Lagast, Sofie, additional, Lecomte, Manon, additional, Li, Alina, additional, Li, Jie, additional, Liu, Simin, additional, Lovozoy, Marcell A.B., additional, Machin, Daniel R., additional, Méndez Utz, Virginia E., additional, Michalski, Marie-Caroline, additional, Mohammadian, Mehdi, additional, Nero, Luís A., additional, Nestel, Paul, additional, Neyestani, Tirang R., additional, Nikooyeh, Bahareh, additional, Nordby, Pernille, additional, Nordestgaard, Børge Grønne, additional, Ozturkoglu-Budak, Sebnem, additional, Perdigón, Gabriela, additional, Perin, Luana M., additional, Prince, Jose M., additional, Raghavendra, Midathala, additional, Rayner, Christopher K., additional, Risé, Patrizia, additional, Salami, Maryam, additional, Scavuzzi, Bruna M., additional, Schouteten, Joachim Jietse, additional, Sgarbieri, Valdemiro C., additional, Sharma, Rohit, additional, Simão, Andréa N.C., additional, Singal, Hari R., additional, Song, Yan, additional, Sulaiman, Irshad M., additional, Tanaka, Hirofumi, additional, Thomson, Pamela, additional, Tokas, Jayanti, additional, Torfadottir, Johanna E., additional, Turkmen, Nazli, additional, Varbo, Anette, additional, Wang, Ping, additional, Watson, Linda E., additional, Wiley, Andrea S., additional, and Wu, Tongzhi, additional

Published
2017
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8. Impacts métaboliques et inflammatoires des matières grasses émulsionnées

Author

Michalski Marie-Caroline, Vors Cécile, Lecomte Manon, and Laugerette Fabienne

Subjects
nutrition, matière grasse, huile, émulsifiant, inflammation, oxydation, phospholipide, Oils, fats, and waxes, TP670-699
Abstract

Les effets des lipides sur la santé doivent aujourd'hui être étudiés par des approches allant au-delà de leur densité énergétique et de leur profil en acides gras. En effet, ces acides gras sont les briques élémentaires de différentes molécules lipidiques telles que les triacylglycérols et les phospholipides, elles-mêmes organisées sous forme de structures supramoléculaires variées comme les gouttelettes d'émulsion, et pouvant être intégrées dans différentes matrices alimentaires. Ce court article résume nos récents travaux sur l'impact de l'état émulsionné de la matière grasse sur le métabolisme post-prandial des lipides et la β-oxydation des acides gras ingérés chez l'homme mince ou obèse, ouvrant la voie au concept de « lipides rapides versus lipides lents ». Nous présentons comment la cinétique post-prandiale d'absorption des lipides peut aussi contribuer à moduler l'endotoxémie métabolique, provenant en partie d'interactions entre les lipides alimentaires et le microbiote intestinal et pouvant contribuer à l'inflammation métabolique chez l'obèse. Enfin, nous mettons en exergue l'impact pro- ou anti-inflammatoire chez la souris d'agents tensioactifs utilisés en formulation alimentaire pour stabiliser les émulsions, notamment les phospholipides d'origine végétale ou laitière, ainsi que de différents vecteurs moléculaires d'acides gras poly-insaturés n-3 à longue chaîne. Le lecteur pourra se référer à nos autres publications et revues récentes pour un approfondissement des concepts présentés.

Published
2017
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9. Dietary lipid emulsions and endotoxemia

Author

Michalski Marie-Caroline, Vors Cécile, Lecomte Manon, and Laugerette Fabienne

Subjects
Nutrition, fat, oil, emulsifier, inflammation, Oils, fats, and waxes, TP670-699
Abstract

The low-grade inflammation observed in obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and insulin resistance. Among factors triggering such inflammation, recent works revealed the role of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS), so-called endotoxins. LPS are naturally present in the gut via the intestinal microbiota. Recent studies show that they can induce in plasma a metabolic endotoxemia after the consumption of unbalanced hyperlipidic meals. This article reviews recent knowledge gained on the role of intestinal lipid absorption and the composition of dietary lipids on: (i) the induction of metabolic endotoxemia, (ii) the types of plasma transporters of LPS and (iii) associated low-grade inflammation. Notably, lipids are present in foods under various physicochemical structures and notably in emulsified form. Our recent works reveal that such structure and the type of emulsifier can modulate postprandial lipemia; recent results on the possible consequences on metabolic endotoxemia will be discussed.

Published
2016
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10. Dietary emulsifiers from milk and soybean differently impact adiposity and inflammation in association with modulation of colonic goblet cells in high-fat fed mice

Author

Lecomte, Manon, Couëdelo, Leslie, Meugnier, Emmanuelle, Plaisancié, Pascale, Létisse, Marion, Benoit, Bérengère, Gabert, Laure, Penhoat, Armelle, Durand, Annie, Pineau, Gaëlle, Joffre, Florent, Géloën, Alain, Vaysse, Carole, Laugerette, Fabienne, and Michalski, Marie-Caroline

Published
2016
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13. Milk polar lipids favorably alter circulating and intestinal ceramide and sphingomyelin species in postmenopausal women

Author

Le Barz, Mélanie, primary, Vors, Cécile, additional, Combe, Emmanuel, additional, Joumard-Cubizolles, Laurie, additional, Lecomte, Manon, additional, Joffre, Florent, additional, Trauchessec, Michèle, additional, Pesenti, Sandra, additional, Loizon, Emmanuelle, additional, Breyton, Anne-Esther, additional, Meugnier, Emmanuelle, additional, Bertrand, Karène, additional, Drai, Jocelyne, additional, Robert, Chloé, additional, Durand, Annie, additional, Cuerq, Charlotte, additional, Gaborit, Patrice, additional, Leconte, Nadine, additional, Bernalier-Donadille, Annick, additional, Cotte, Eddy, additional, Laville, Martine, additional, Lambert-Porcheron, Stéphanie, additional, Ouchchane, Lemlih, additional, Vidal, Hubert, additional, Malpuech-Brugère, Corinne, additional, Cheillan, David, additional, and Michalski, Marie-Caroline, additional

Published
2021
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14. Milk Polar Lipids Reduce Cholesterolemia by Decreasing Cholesterol Absorption in Humans (P06-041-19)

Author

Vors, Cecile, Lecomte, Manon, Joumard-Cubizolles, Laurie, Blond, Emilie, Meiller, Laure, Joffre, Florent, Drai, Jocelyne, Combe, Emmanuel, Le Barz, Melanie, Raynal, Ketsia, Gaborit, Patrice, Gesan-Guiziou, Genevieve, Ouchchane, Lemlih, Cotte, Eddy, Laville, Martine, Malpuech-Brugere, Corinne, Lambert-Porcheron, Stephanie, and MICHALSKI, Marie-Caroline

Published
2019
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15. Milk Polar Lipid Supplementation Improves Cholesterol Metabolism in Postmenopausal Women: Gut-Related Mechanisms

Author

Michalski, Marie-Caroline, primary, Vors, Cécile, additional, Joumard-Cubizolles, Laurie, additional, Lecomte, Manon, additional, Le Barz, Mélanie, additional, Cheillan, David, additional, Ouchchane, Lemlih, additional, Joffre, Florent, additional, Lambert-Porcheron, Stéphanie, additional, Vidal, Hubert, additional, and Malpuech-Brugère, Corinne, additional

Published
2020
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16. Milk polar lipids reduce lipid cardiovascular risk factors in overweight postmenopausal women: towards a gut sphingomyelin-cholesterol interplay

Author

Vors, Cécile, Joumard-Cubizolles, Laurie, Lecomte, Manon, Combe, Emmanuel, Ouchchane, Lemlih, Drai, Jocelyne, Raynal, Ketsia, Joffre, Florent, Meiller, Laure, LE BARZ, Mélanie, Gaborit, Patrice, Caille, Aurélie, Sothier, Monique, Domingues-Costa Faria, Carla, Blot, Adeline, Wauquier, Aurélie, Blond, Emilie, Sauvinet, Valérie, Gésan-Guiziou, Geneviève, Bodin, Jean-Pierre, Moulin, Philippe, Cheillan, David, Vidal, Hubert, Morio, Béatrice, Cotte, Eddy, Morel-Laporte, Françoise, Laville, Martine, Bernalier, Annick, Lambert-Porcheron, Stéphanie, Malpuech Brugere, Corinne, Michalski, Marie-Caroline, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Institut Pascal (IP), SIGMA Clermont (SIGMA Clermont)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de Biostatistique-Informatique Médicale, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Unité de Nutrition Endocrinologie Métabolisme, Service de Biochimie, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), ACTALIA Dairy Products and Technologies, Institut des Corps Gras (ITERG), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes (CRNH-RA), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Grenoble, CRNH Auvergne, Microbiologie Environnement Digestif Santé (MEDIS), INRA Clermont-Ferrand-Theix-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf (STLO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), ENILIA-ENSMIC, Fédération d’Endocrinologie, Maladies Métaboliques, Diabète et Nutrition, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Unité Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme, Service de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire Grand Est, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie Est, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Service de Chirurgie Digestive, ANR-11-ALID-007-01 (VALOBAB project 'sustainable VALOrization of Buttermilk: nutritionAl Benefits, functional value in food products and consumer perception', Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Actalia - division produits laitiers, Actalia [Saint-Lô], Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne [CHU Clermont-Ferrand] (CRNH A), Direction de la recherche clinique et de l’innovation [CHU Clermont-Ferrand] (DRCI), CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-INSTITUT AGRO Agrocampus Ouest, Ciblage thérapeutique en Oncologie (EA3738), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, regional hospital clinical research programme (Programme Hospitalier de Recherche Clinique Interregional 2014: VALOBAB) 14-007French Dairy Interbranch Organization (CNIEL) Hospices Civils de Lyon, ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Unité de Nutrition Humaine - Clermont Auvergne (UNH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), CNRS, SIGMA Clermont, Institut Pasca, Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Hospices Civils de Lyon, CENS, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, CRNH Rhône-Alpes, UMR : Microbiologie, Environnement Digestif et Santé, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Microbiologie Environnement Digestif Santé - Clermont Auvergne (MEDIS), Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-INRA Clermont-Ferrand-Theix, CRNH Rhône-Alpes,CENS, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes, Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), and Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST

Subjects
obesity, sphingomyeline, lipide gras du lait, human health, Feces, fluids and secretions, cardiovascular disease, Risk Factors, maladie cardiovasculaire, lipid metabolism, colonic microflora, Cross-Over Studies, Ileostomy, cholestérol, food and beverages, santé humaine, Middle Aged, Lipids, Sphingomyelins, Cholestanol, Postmenopause, obésité, Cholesterol, Milk, Cardiovascular Diseases, lipoprotein-cholesterol, Apolipoprotein B-100, lipide polaire, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Female, [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], sphingomyéline, lipid absorption, allégations nutritionnelles et de santé, sphingomyelin, Double-Blind Method, Animals, Humans, Nutrition, Apolipoprotein A-I, [SDV.OT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Cholesterol, HDL, ménopause, lipide du lait, Overweight, Gastrointestinal Microbiome, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Intestinal Absorption, Emulsifying Agents, Dietary Supplements, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

Objectives: Nutritional strategies can play a major role in the management of cholesterolemia, notably in postmenopausal women at risk of CVD. Interest has recently grown on the potential health benefitsof milk polar lipids (MPL).We showed that isolipidic enrichment of the diet with MPL improved several lipid CV risk factors but underlying mechanisms remained unclear. We hypothesized that MPL reduceintestinal cholesterol absorption in humans.Methods:We performed a double-blind randomized controlled trial in 58 postmenopausal women with fasting HDL-cholesterol < 1.6 mM.They were subjected to a 4-week dietary intervention with daily consumption of a cream-cheese containing 12 g of milk fat including either 0 g (control, n = 19), 3 g (n = 19) or 5 g (n = 20) of MPL. Before and after each intervention, blood lipids were measured in the whole cohortwhereas fecal lipids and coprostanol were analyzed in a subgroup (n = 7–9 per group). A proof-of-concept mechanistic crossover study was also carried out in 4 ileostomized subjects who performed 8hpostprandial tests after consuming 0g-, 3g- or 5g-MPL enriched cheese labelled with 2H-cholesterol tracer. Plasma, chylomicrons and ilealefflux were analyzed.Results: Milk fat enriched with 3 to 5 g MPL induced doseresponse reductions in serum total cholesterol (up to −6.8% in 5 g group, p < 0.05), LDL-cholesterol (−8.7%, p < 0.05) and HDL/total-cholesterol ratio (p < 0.001), compared to the control that had no effect. Fecal excretion of coprostanol increased after MPL supplementation (p < 0.05, 3g- and 5g-MPL vs control), and the fecal coprostanol/cholesterol ratio was inversely correlated with serum total- and LDL-cholesterol after intervention (r = −0.5, p < 0.05). In ileostomized subjects, postprandial accumulation of 2Hcholesterol in plasma and chylomicrons was reduced after 3 to 5 g MPL consumption (p < 0.05, vs control). Both cholesterol and milk sphingomyelin increased in ileal efflux after MPL enriched cheeses (p < 0.05).Conclusions: Present results suggest that milk polar lipids decrease cholesterol absorption in humans through interactions with sphingomyelin and by increasing conversion of cholesterol to coprostanol.Funding Sources: ANR (French National Research Agency, VALOBAB project, ANR-11-ALID-007–01), PHRC-I (French Clinical Research Program, 14–007), CNIEL (French Dairy Interbranch Organization).

Published
2018

17. Milk polar lipids reduce lipid cardiovascular risk factors in overweight postmenopausal women: towards a gut sphingomyelin-cholesterol interplay

Author

Vors, Cécile, primary, Joumard-Cubizolles, Laurie, additional, Lecomte, Manon, additional, Combe, Emmanuel, additional, Ouchchane, Lemlih, additional, Drai, Jocelyne, additional, Raynal, Ketsia, additional, Joffre, Florent, additional, Meiller, Laure, additional, Le Barz, Mélanie, additional, Gaborit, Patrice, additional, Caille, Aurélie, additional, Sothier, Monique, additional, Domingues-Faria, Carla, additional, Blot, Adeline, additional, Wauquier, Aurélie, additional, Blond, Emilie, additional, Sauvinet, Valérie, additional, Gésan-Guiziou, Geneviève, additional, Bodin, Jean-Pierre, additional, Moulin, Philippe, additional, Cheillan, David, additional, Vidal, Hubert, additional, Morio, Béatrice, additional, Cotte, Eddy, additional, Morel-Laporte, Françoise, additional, Laville, Martine, additional, Bernalier-Donadille, Annick, additional, Lambert-Porcheron, Stéphanie, additional, Malpuech-Brugère, Corinne, additional, and Michalski, Marie-Caroline, additional

Published
2019
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18. Metabolic and inflammatory impacts of emulsified fats and oils

Author

Michalski, Marie‐Caroline, Vors, Cécile, Lecomte, Manon, Laugerette, Fabienne, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)

Subjects
dietary emulsifiers, fish-oil, postprandial endotoxemia, gut microbiota, oxidation, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], in-vitro, oil, chylomicrons alter, insulin-resistance, nutrition, transporters lbp, inflammation, fat, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), emulsifier, lipopolysaccharide (lps)-binding protein, lipid-metabolism, phospholipid
Abstract

International audience; The health effects of lipids must now be explored beyond their energy content and fatty acid profile. Indeed, fatty acids as unit elements of different molecules such as triacylglycerols and phospholipids, being organized in various supramolecular structures such as emulsion droplets, and incorporated in complex food matrixes. This short article reviews our recent studies on the impact of fat emulsified structure on postprandial lipid metabolism and fatty acid beta-oxidation in normal- weight and obese humans, leading to the concept of ``fast vs slow lipids''. We also show how the postprandial kinetics of lipid absorption can contribute to modulate metabolic endotoxemia, partly arising from interactions between dietary lipids and gut microbiota, and able to contribute to metabolic inflammation in obesity. Finally, we highlight the pro- or anti-inflammatory impact in mice of surface active agents used in food formulation to stabilize emulsions, notably phospholipids of vegetal or dairy origin, and different molecular carriers of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. The interested reader will refer to our other recent publications and reviews on these topics for a deeper insight into presented concepts. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Masson SAS on behalf of Societe francaise de nutrition.

Published
2017

19. Metabolic and inflammatory impacts of emulsified fat

Author

Michalski, Marie-Caroline, Vors, Cécile, Lecomte, Manon, and Laugerette, Fabienne

Subjects
phospholipide, inflammation, émulsifiant, matière grasse, oxydation, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), nutrition, fat, oil, emulsifier, oxidation, phospholipid
Abstract

The health effects of lipids must now be explored beyond their energy content and fatty acid profile. Indeed, fatty acids as unit elements of different molecules such as triacylglycerols and phospholipids are being organized in various supramolecular structures such as emulsion droplets, and incorporated in complex food matrixes. This short article reviews our recent studies on the impact of fat emulsified structure on postprandial lipid metabolism and fatty acid beta-oxidation in normal-weight and obese humans, leading to the concept of "fast versus slow lipids". We also show how the postprandial kinetics of lipid absorption can contribute to modulate metabolic endotoxemia, partly arising from interactions between dietary lipids and gut microbiota, and able to contribute to metabolic inflammation in obesity. Finally, we highlight the pro-or anti-inflammatory impact in mice of surface active agents used in food formulation to stabilize emulsions, notably phospholipids of vegetal or dairy origin, and different molecular carriers of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. The interested reader will refer to our other recent publications and reviews on these topics for a deeper insight into presented concepts., Les effets des lipides sur la santé doivent aujourd’hui être étudiés par des approches allant au-delà de leur densité énergétique et de leur profil en acides gras. En effet, ces acides gras sont les briques élémentaires de différentes molécules lipidiques telles que les triacylglycérols et les phospholipides, elles-mêmes organisées sous forme de structures supramoléculaires variées comme les gouttelettes d’émulsion, et pouvant être intégrées dans différentes matrices alimentaires. Ce court article résume nos récents travaux sur l’impact de l’état émulsionné de la matière grasse sur le métabolisme post-prandial des lipides et la b-oxydation des acides gras ingérés chez l’hommemince ou obèse, ouvrant la voie au concept de « lipides rapides versus lipides lents ». Nous présentons comment la cinétique post-prandiale d’absorption des lipides peut aussi contribuer à moduler l’endotoxémie métabolique, provenant en partie d’interactions entre les lipides alimentaires et le microbiote intestinal et pouvant contribuer à l’inflammation métabolique chez l’obèse. Enfin, nous mettons en exergue l’impact pro- ou anti-inflammatoire chez la souris d’agents tensioactifs utilisés en formulation alimentaire pour stabiliser les émulsions, notamment les phospholipides d’origine végétale ou laitière, ainsi que de différents vecteursmoléculaires d’acides gras poly-insaturés n-3 à longue chaîne. Le lecteur pourra se référer à nos autres publications et revues récentes pour un approfondissement des concepts présentés.

Published
2017

20. Nutritional properties of milk lipids: specific function of the milk fat globule

Author

Lecomte, Manon, Bourlieu-Lacanal, Claire, Michalski, Marie-Caroline, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Ingénierie des Agro-polymères et Technologies Émergentes (UMR IATE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Ronald Ross Watson, Robert J. Collier, Victor R. Preedy, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
milk fat globules, matière grasse du lait, propriété nutritionnelle, food and beverages, lipide du lait, digestion, Lipids, Absorption, lipemia, Milk fat globule membrane, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Nutrition, lipémie
Abstract

Beyond fatty acid composition of milk fat that can impact the health of consumers, interest is growing regarding the importance of the supramolecular structure of milk lipids on their nutritional properties. Indeed, milk fat is found naturally under the form of an emulsion of lipid droplets called the milk fat globule (MFG) composed of a triglyceride core stabilized by a complex trilayered membrane called the MFG membrane. Recent researches have highlighted that this unique structure and the presence of bioactive lipids such as sphingomyelin could have a beneficial metabolic impact on lipid metabolism and contribute to intestinal and systemic health. The purpose of this chapter is to provide a focused overview on the composition of milk lipids, their organization as MFG and, their impact on lipid digestion and postprandial lipemia. In addition, the long-term effect on lipid metabolism and related metabolic players such as inflammation and gut microbiota are discussed.

Published
2017

21. Milk polar lipids reduce lipid cardiovascular risk factors in overweight postmenopausal women: towards a gut sphingomyelin-cholesterol interplay.

Author

Vors, Cécile, Joumard-Cubizolles, Laurie, Lecomte, Manon, Combe, Emmanuel, Ouchchane, Lemlih, Drai, Jocelyne, Raynal, Ketsia, Joffre, Florent, Meiller, Laure, Le Barz, Mélanie, Gaborit, Patrice, Caille, Aurélie, Sothier, Monique, Domingues-Faria, Carla, Blot, Adeline, Wauquier, Aurélie, Blond, Emilie, Sauvinet, Valérie, Gésan-Guiziou, Geneviève, and Bodin, Jean-Pierre

Subjects
CHOLESTEROL content of food, CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors, POSTMENOPAUSE, MILKFAT, LIPIDS, OVERWEIGHT women, FAMILIAL hypercholesterolemia, DYSLIPIDEMIA
Published
2020
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22. Les lipides polaires laitiers modulent l’absorption lipidique et la lipémie postprandiale : conséquences métaboliques chez la souris

Author

Lecomte, Manon, Laboratoire de recherche en cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) - Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL) - Institut National des Sciences Appliquées Lyon (INSA Lyon) - Hospices Civils de Lyon - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Lyon, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and STAR, ABES

Subjects
Phospholipide, Lipide, Emulsion, Metabolic disease, Lipid, Phospholipid, Milk, Gut barrier, [SDV.BBM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Maladie métabolique, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Digestion, Barrière intestinale, Nutrition, Lait
Abstract

Metabolic diseases are characterized by an altered lipid metabolism and metabolic inflammation. Numerous food products contain polar lipid (PL) emulsifiers that could impact these risk factors. We evaluated the impact of using PL from milk (MPL) (i) acutely on lipid digestion and postprandial lipemia and (ii) in the longer term in addition to a high fat diet on adiposity and adipose tissue inflammation. We compared MPL to soybean PL (SPL) that is currently the main commercial source of PL.In mice, an emulsion stabilized by MPL results in a more rapid postprandial lipemia than an emulsion stabilized by SPL, with an early increase in lipemia and a faster clearance. Differences in lipemia can originate from differential kinetics of lipid hydrolysis in the mouse gut, as an increase intestinal TG hydrolysis is observed in vitro. Moreover, early MPL-derived chylomicrons are smaller than SPL-derived chylomicrons. In the longer term, compared with HF diet, HF-SPL diet increases hepatic lipids, white adipose tissue (WAT) mass, with larger and more numerous adipocytes and increases expression of pro-inflammatory adipokines. This is not observed with HF-MPL diet despite similar dietary intakes. HFP-MPL mice have a lower expression in WAT of marker of macrophage infiltration and more numerous goblet cells in the colon, suggesting an improved gut barrier function with this diet.Postprandial lipemia in mice can be modulated by emulsifying with MPL compared with SPL, partly through differences in chylomicron assembly, and intestinal TG hydrolysis rate. Moreover unlike SPL, MPL in a high fat diet do not induce WAT hypertrophy and inflammation, Les maladies métaboliques d’origine nutritionnelle sont caractérisées par un métabolisme des lipides perturbé et une inflammation métabolique. Les lipides polaires (LP) sont des agents émulsifiants utilisés dans l’industrie agroalimentaire. Le but de notre étude a été d’évaluer l’impact de l’utilisation de nouveaux LP issus du lait sur (i) la digestion et le métabolisme postprandial des lipides, et (ii) à plus long terme sur l’adiposité et l’inflammation dans le tissu adipeux (TA), en comparaison avec les LP de soja, actuellement les plus consommés.Chez la souris, les LP laitiers induisent une cinétique de lipémie postprandiale plus précoce en comparaison avec les LP de soja, associée à une augmentation de la lipolyse intestinale in vitro. De plus, les chylomicrons sécrétés durant le pic de lipémie sont plus petits avec les LP laitiers. D’autre part, la substitution d’une partie des lipides d’un régime hyper-lipidique par des LP laitiers ne modifie pas le stockage des lipides dans le foie et le TA contrairement aux LP de soja qui induisent une augmentation des lipides hépatiques, des adipocytes et des marqueurs inflammatoires dans le TA. Par ailleurs, Les LP laitiers induisent une diminution de l’expression génique de marqueurs de l’infiltration macrophagique dans le TA et du nombre de cellules à gobelet dans le côlon, suggérant une barrière intestinale renforcée.Ces travaux démontrent que les LP laitiers, par rapport aux LP de soja, stimulent la digestion des lipides et induisent une cinétique plus rapide de lipémie postprandiale. A long terme ils n’induisent pas les altérations métaboliques du TA observées en présence de LP de soja dans un régime hyper-lipidique

Published
2016

23. Soybean polar lipids differently impact adipose tissue inflammation and the endotoxin transporters LBP and sCD14 in flaxseed vs. palm oil-rich diets

Author

Lecomte, Manon, primary, Couëdelo, Leslie, additional, Meugnier, Emmanuelle, additional, Loizon, Emmanuelle, additional, Plaisancié, Pascale, additional, Durand, Annie, additional, Géloën, Alain, additional, Joffre, Florent, additional, Vaysse, Carole, additional, Michalski, Marie-Caroline, additional, and Laugerette, Fabienne, additional

Published
2017
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24. Impact of dietary polar lipids from different sources on in vitro digestive lipolysis and absorption in mice

Author

Lecomte , Manon, Bourlieu-Lacanal, Claire, Pineau, Gaëlle, Claude, Mathilde, Geloen, Alain, Laugerette, Fabienne, Michalski, Marie-Caroline, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Science et Technologie du Lait et de l'Oeuf (STLO), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
hyperlipémie, obésité, acide gras, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, régime, digestion, santé, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, lipide, diabéte
Abstract

Metabolic diseases of nutritional origin, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, are characterized by disordered lipid metabolism including postprandial hyperlipemia. Recent works suggest that the composition of dietary fat can modulate the kinetics of postprandial lipemia. In this context, polar lipids (PL) are of utmost importance in food formulation because of their multifunctionality and excellent emulsifying properties. Recently, interest has developed on potential beneficial metabolic effect of dietary PL, among which is improved lipid metabolism. In the present study, we hypothesized that (i) PL from different sources (vegetal vs animal) could have a different impact on postprandial lipemia and (ii) this could be linked to different digestive lipolysis due to emulsion interface. For this purpose, mice were administrated an oral gavage of triacylglycerols (TAG) emulsified with soybean PL or milk PL. The two emulsions presented similar initial lipid phase surface area (i.e. ~24m 2/g of lipid). After gavage, blood samples were collected. We observed higher plasma TAG and Free Fatty Acids (FFA) concentration s at 1 h in mice fed with the milk PL emulsion. Noteworthy, at 4 h plasma TAG and FFA concentrations were significantly lower for these mice suggesting that the kinetics of TAG-rich lipoproteins in plasma depends on the type of emulsifier. Additionally, the two emulsions were digestedin vitro using a static model of human digestion (gastric a nd intestinal phases of 60 minutes using simulated digestive fluids and porcine enzymes mainly). In the gastric phase, the hydrolysis kinetics of TAG were comparable however in the intestinal phase, the kinetics of lipolysis of the milk PL emulsion were faster than thesoybean PL emulsion. All together, these data suggest that the quality of PL have an impact on digestivelipolysis and postprandial lipemia

Published
2014

25. Are Intuitive Decisions Always Disadvantageous? A study of response time in decision-making under risk

Author

Lecomte , Manon, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - UFR d'Économie ( UP1 UFR02 ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ), Louis Levy-Garboua, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - UFR d'Économie (UP1 UFR02), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), and Louis Lévy-Garboua

Subjects
Intuitive thinking, [ SHS.ECO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and finances, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Intuition, Decision-making
Abstract

Intuition is a fast expanding topic in today's economic and psychological literature. However, no concensus has been reached concerning its value in decision making. To investigate the relevance of intuitive choices in decision - making under risk, we conducted an experiment on 154 French high-school students from 3 different academies in the Ile-de-France department. Using response time as a proxy for intuition, we found that on average decisions made intuitively yielded results as beneficial as or even more so than decisions made analytically for most choices.

Published
2014

26. Inside front cover: Dietary emulsifiers from milk and soybean differently impact adiposity and inflammation in association with modulation of colonic goblet cells in high-fat fed mice

Author

Lecomte, Manon, primary, Couëdelo, Leslie, additional, Meugnier, Emmanuelle, additional, Plaisancié, Pascale, additional, Létisse, Marion, additional, Benoit, Bérengère, additional, Gabert, Laure, additional, Penhoat, Armelle, additional, Durand, Annie, additional, Pineau, Gaëlle, additional, Joffre, Florent, additional, Géloën, Alain, additional, Vaysse, Carole, additional, Laugerette, Fabienne, additional, and Michalski, Marie-Caroline, additional

Published
2016
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27. Dietary emulsifiers from milk and soybean differently impact adiposity and inflammation in association with modulation of colonic goblet cells in high‐fat fed mice

Author

Lecomte, Manon, primary, Couëdelo, Leslie, additional, Meugnier, Emmanuelle, additional, Plaisancié, Pascale, additional, Létisse, Marion, additional, Benoit, Bérengère, additional, Gabert, Laure, additional, Penhoat, Armelle, additional, Durand, Annie, additional, Pineau, Gaëlle, additional, Joffre, Florent, additional, Géloën, Alain, additional, Vaysse, Carole, additional, Laugerette, Fabienne, additional, and Michalski, Marie‐Caroline, additional

Published
2015
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