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23 results on '"Lebanese National Council of Scientific Research"'

1. Whole Exome/Genome Sequencing Joint Analysis of a Family with Oligogenic Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Author

Youmna Ghaleb, Sandy Elbitar, Anne Philippi, Petra El Khoury, Yara Azar, Miangaly Andrianirina, Alexia Loste, Yara Abou-Khalil, Gaël Nicolas, Marie Le Borgne, Philippe Moulin, Mathilde Di-Filippo, Sybil Charrière, Michel Farnier, Cécile Yelnick, Valérie Carreau, Jean Ferrières, Jean-Michel Lecerf, Alexa Derksen, Geneviève Bernard, Marie-Soleil Gauthier, Benoit Coulombe, Dieter Lütjohann, Bertrand Fin, Anne Boland, Robert Olaso, Jean-François Deleuze, Jean-Pierre Rabès, Catherine Boileau, Marianne Abifadel, Mathilde Varret, Laboratoire de Recherche Vasculaire Translationnelle (LVTS (UMR_S_1148 / U1148)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth (USJ), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre de recherche sur l'Inflammation (CRI (UMR_S_1149 / ERL_8252 / U1149)), Hôpital Louis Pradel [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Physiopathologie et épidémiologie cérébro-cardiovasculaire [Dijon] (PEC2), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Facteurs de Risque et Déterminants Moléculaires des Maladies liées au Vieillissement - U 1167 (RID-AGE), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), CHU Lille, Institut de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition = Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (IHU ICAN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre d'Epidémiologie et de Recherche en santé des POPulations (CERPOP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), McGill University Health Center [Montreal] (MUHC), Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Université de Montréal (UdeM), McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], University Hospital Bonn, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratory of Excellence GENMED [Paris] (Medical Genomics), Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Fondation Jean Dausset-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Hôpital Ambroise Paré [AP-HP], Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), PCSK9013, 13CVD03, ANR-10-LABX-0013, National Institutes of Health, NIH: BB-033-00065, R01 HL107816, Broad Institute, International Atherosclerosis Society, IAS, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, IRSC: 2017–2022, Fonds de Recherche du Québec - Santé, FRQS, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR: ANR-16-RHUS-0007, Fondation Leducq, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Inserm, Conseil National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS, This work was supported by grants from the Leducq Foundation (FLQ # 13CVD03), the Laboratory of Excellence GENMED (Medical Genomics) grant no. ANR-10-LABX-0013 managed by the National Research Agency (ANR), part of the Investment for the Future program, and the National Project CHOPIN (Cholesterol Personalized Innovation) granted by the National Research Agency (ANR-16-RHUS-0007), INSERM (Institut National de la Sant? et de la Recherche M?dicale). Youmna Ghaleb is supported by a grant from the Lefoulon-Delalande Foundation and the International Atherosclerosis Society (IAS). Yara Azar and Yara Abou-Khalil are supported by grants from the Lebanese National Council for Scientific Research (CNRS-L) and the Council of Research of Saint-Joseph University of Beirut, Lebanon, Yara Azar is supported by a grant from AMGEN funding (PCSK9013). Yara Abou-Khalil is supported by a grant from Minist?re de l?Education Nationale et de la Technologie (France) and a grant from Nouvelle Soci?t? Francophone de l?Ath?roscl?rose (France). Genevi?ve Bernard received a Research Scholar Junior 1 award from the Fonds de Recherche du Qu?bec?Sant? (FRQS) (2012?2016) and the New Investigator Salary Award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (2017?2022). Acknowledgments: We thank all family members and the proband cohort for participating in the study. We thank Sekar Kathiresan, Gina Peloso and Nathan Stitziel (Broad Institute of MIT, Boston, MA, USA) for their help in the exome sequencing experiments. Sekar Kathiresan was supported by NIH R01 HL107816. We acknowledge the use of the bioresources of the Necker DNA Biobank (BB-033-00065). We thank Silvia Friedrichs for the technical assistance in sterol and bile acid analyses by GC-MS., Funding: This work was supported by grants from the Leducq Foundation (FLQ # 13CVD03), the Laboratory of Excellence GENMED (Medical Genomics) grant no. ANR-10-LABX-0013 managed by the National Research Agency (ANR), part of the Investment for the Future program, and the National Project CHOPIN (Cholesterol Personalized Innovation) granted by the National Research Agency (ANR-16-RHUS-0007), INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale). Youmna Ghaleb is supported by a grant from the Lefoulon-Delalande Foundation and the International Atherosclerosis Society (IAS). Yara Azar and Yara Abou-Khalil are supported by grants from the Lebanese National Council for Scientific Research (CNRS-L) and the Council of Research of Saint-Joseph University of Beirut, Lebanon, Yara Azar is supported by a grant from AMGEN funding (PCSK9013). Yara Abou-Khalil is supported by a grant from Ministère de l’Education Nationale et de la Technologie (France) and a grant from Nouvelle Société Francophone de l’Athérosclérose (France). Geneviève Bernard received a Research Scholar Junior 1 award from the Fonds de Recherche du Québec—Santé (FRQS) (2012–2016) and the New Investigator Salary Award from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (2017–2022)., Acknowledgments: We thank all family members and the proband cohort for participating in the study. We thank Sekar Kathiresan, Gina Peloso and Nathan Stitziel (Broad Institute of MIT, Boston, MA, USA) for their help in the exome sequencing experiments. Sekar Kathiresan was supported by NIH R01 HL107816. We acknowledge the use of the bioresources of the Necker DNA Biobank (BB-033-00065). We thank Silvia Friedrichs for the technical assistance in sterol and bile acid analyses by GC-MS., HAL UVSQ, Équipe, Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and ANR-16-RHUS-0007,CHOPIN,CHOPIN(2016)

Subjects
LRP6, CYP7A1, autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia, oligogenic hypercholesterolemia, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, LDL uptake, Biochemistry, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], LDLRAP1, polygenic risk score, linkage analysis, next-generation sequencing, Molecular Biology, protein structural models
Abstract

International audience; Autosomal Dominant Hypercholesterolemia (ADH) is a genetic disorder caused by pathogenic variants in LDLR, APOB, PCSK9 and APOE genes. We sought to identify new candidate genes responsible for the ADH phenotype in patients without pathogenic variants in the known ADH-causing genes by focusing on a French family with affected and non-affected members who presented a high ADH polygenic risk score (wPRS). Linkage analysis, whole exome and whole genome sequencing resulted in the identification of variants p.(Pro398Ala) in CYP7A1, p.(Val1382Phe) in LRP6 and p.(Ser202His) in LDLRAP1. A total of 6 other variants were identified in 6 of 160 unrelated ADH probands: p.(Ala13Val) and p.(Aps347Asn) in CYP7A1; p.(Tyr972Cys), p.(Thr1479Ile) and p.(Ser1612Phe) in LRP6; and p.(Ser202LeufsTer19) in LDLRAP1. All six probands presented a moderate wPRS. Serum analyses of carriers of the p.(Pro398Ala) variant in CYP7A1 showed no differences in the synthesis of bile acids compared to the serums of non-carriers. Functional studies of the four LRP6 mutants in HEK293T cells resulted in contradictory results excluding a major effect of each variant alone. Within the family, none of the heterozygous for only the LDLRAP1 p.(Ser202His) variant presented ADH. Altogether, each variant individually does not result in elevated LDL-C; however, the oligogenic combination of two or three variants reveals the ADH phenotype.

Published
2022
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2. Effect of channel density, inverse solutions and connectivity measures on EEG resting-state networks reconstruction: A simulation study

Author

Sahar Allouch, Aya Kabbara, Joan Duprez, Mohamad Khalil, Julien Modolo, Mahmoud Hassan, Laboratoire Traitement du Signal et de l'Image (LTSI), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Azm Center for Research and Biotechnologies, Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), MINDig, Lebanese Association for Scientific Research [Tripoli] (LASeR), Ecole Doctorale des Sciences et de la Technologie (EDST), Reykjavík University, and The authors would like to acknowledge the Lebanese National Council for Scientific Research (CNRS-L), the Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie (AUF), and the Lebanese University for granting Ms. Allouch a doctoral scholarship. This work was also supported by the Labex Cominlabs project PKSTIM and by the Institute of Clinical Neuroscience of Rennes (Projects EEGCog and EEGNET3). The authors would also like to thank Campus France, Programme Hubert Curien CEDRE (PROJET N° 42257YA), and the Lebanese Association for Scientific Research (LASER) for their support.

Subjects
Functional connectivity, Analytical variability, Channel density, Neurology, Cognitive Neuroscience, EEG resting-state networks, Neural mass model, [SDV.IB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, Inverse solution
Abstract

International audience; Along with the study of brain activity evoked by external stimuli, the past two decades witnessed an increased interest in characterizing the spontaneous brain activity occurring during resting conditions. The identification of connectivity patterns in this so-called "resting-state" has been the subject of a great number of electrophysiology-based studies, using the Electro/Magneto-Encephalography (EEG/MEG) source connectivity method. However, no consensus has been reached yet regarding a unified (if possible) analysis pipeline, and several involved parameters and methods require cautious tuning. This is particularly challenging when different analytical choices induce significant discrepancies in results and drawn conclusions, thereby hindering the reproducibility of neuroimaging research. Hence, our objective in this study was to shed light on the effect of analytical variability on outcome consistency by evaluating the implications of parameters involved in the EEG source connectivity analysis on the accuracy of resting-state networks (RSNs) reconstruction. We simulated, using neural mass models, EEG data corresponding to two RSNs, namely the default mode network (DMN) and dorsal attentional network (DAN). We investigated the impact of five channel densities (19, 32, 64, 128, 256), three inverse solutions (weighted minimum norm estimate (wMNE), exact low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (eLORETA), and linearly constrained minimum variance (LCMV) beamforming) and four functional connectivity measures (phase-locking value (PLV), phase-lag index (PLI), and amplitude envelope correlation (AEC) with and without source leakage correction), on the correspondence between reconstructed and reference networks. We showed that, with different analytical choices related to the number of electrodes, source reconstruction algorithm, and functional connectivity measure, high variability is present in the results. More specifically, our results show that a higher number of EEG channels significantly increased the accuracy of the reconstructed networks. Additionally, our results showed significant variability in the performance of the tested inverse solutions and connectivity measures. Such methodological variability and absence of analysis standardization represent a critical issue for neuroimaging studies that should be prioritized. We believe that this work could be useful for the field of electrophysiology connectomics, by increasing awareness regarding the challenge of variability in methodological approaches and its implications on reported results.

Published
2023

3. APOE Molecular Spectrum in a French Cohort with Primary Dyslipidemia

Author

Yara Abou Khalil, Oriane Marmontel, Jean Ferrières, François Paillard, Cécile Yelnik, Valérie Carreau, Sybil Charrière, Eric Bruckert, Antonio Gallo, Philippe Giral, Anne Philippi, Olivier Bluteau, Catherine Boileau, Marianne Abifadel, Mathilde Di-Filippo, Alain Carrié, Jean-Pierre Rabès, Mathilde Varret, Laboratoire de Recherche Vasculaire Translationnelle (LVTS (UMR_S_1148 / U1148)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre de référence des maladies auto-immunes systémiques rares du Nord et Nord Ouest [CHRU Lille], Hôpital Claude Huriez [Lille], CHU Lille-CHU Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Institut de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition = Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (IHU ICAN), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Research Unit on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Cardiométabolisme et Nutrition = Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition [CHU Pitié Salpêtrière] (IHU ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Sorbonne Université - Faculté de médecine [CHU Pitié Salpétrière], CIC Hôpital Bichat, AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-UFR de Médecine, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR: ANR-16-RHUS-0007, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Inserm, Conseil National de la Recherche Scientifique, CNRS, This work was supported by grants from the national project CHOPIN (CHolesterol Person-alized Innovation) granted by the National Research Agency (ANR-16-RHUS-0007), INSERM (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale). YAK was supported by a grant from Ministère de l’Education Nationale et de la Technologie (France), a grant from Nouvelle Société Francophone de l’Athérosclérose (France), and grants from the Lebanese National Council for Scientific Research (CNRS-L) and the Council of Research of Saint-Joseph University of Beirut, Lebanon., and HAL UVSQ, Équipe

Subjects
hypercholesterolemia, ADH, FCHL, apolipoprotein E, APOE gene, mutation, variant, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Organic Chemistry, nutritional and metabolic diseases, General Medicine, Catalysis, Computer Science Applications, Inorganic Chemistry, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Molecular Biology, Spectroscopy
Abstract

International audience; Primary hypercholesterolemia is characterized by elevated LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels isolated in autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia (ADH) or associated with elevated triglyceride levels in familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL). Rare APOE variants are known in ADH and FCHL. We explored the APOE molecular spectrum in a French ADH/FCHL cohort of 5743 unrelated probands. The sequencing of LDLR, PCSK9, APOB, and APOE revealed 76 carriers of a rare APOE variant, with no mutation in LDLR, PCSK9, or APOB. Among the 31 APOE variants identified here, 15 are described in ADH, 10 in FCHL, and 6 in both probands. Five were previously reported with dyslipidemia and 26 are novel, including 12 missense, 5 synonymous, 2 intronic, and 7 variants in regulatory regions. Sixteen variants were predicted as pathogenic or likely pathogenic, and their carriers had significantly lower polygenic risk scores (wPRS) than carriers of predicted benign variants. We observed no correlation between LDL-C levels and wPRS, suggesting a major effect of APOE variants. Carriers of p.Leu167del were associated with a severe phenotype. The analysis of 11 probands suggests that carriers of an APOE variant respond better to statins than carriers of a LDLR mutation. Altogether, we show that the APOE variants account for a significant contribution to ADH and FCHL.

Published
2022

4. Integration of L-Band Derived Soil Roughness into a Bare Soil Moisture Retrieval Approach from C-Band SAR Data

Author

Marcel M. El Hajj, Ghaleb Faour, Mohamad Hamze, Bruno Cheviron, Hassan Bazzi, Nicolas Baghdadi, Mehrez Zribi, Territoires, Environnement, Télédétection et Information Spatiale (UMR TETIS), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), National Council for Scientific Research = Conseil national de la recherche scientifique du Liban [Lebanon] (CNRS-L), ITK [Clapiers], King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Centre d'études spatiales de la biosphère (CESBIO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages (UMR G-EAU), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-AgroParisTech-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), French Space Study Center (CNES, TOSCA 2021 project), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment (INRAE), French Ministry of Foreign Affairs (French Embassy in Beirut), Lebanese National Council of Scientific Research, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-AgroParisTech-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, and Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)

Subjects
Synthetic aperture radar, L band, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Mean squared error, C band, Science, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, Surface roughness, C-band, Water content, 021101 geological & geomatics engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Remote sensing, Mathematics, soil moisture, surface roughness, SAR, L-band, ALOS/PALSAR, Sentinel-1, artificial neural networks, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Soil roughness
Abstract

International audience; Surface soil moisture (SSM) is a key variable for many environmental studies, including hydrology and agriculture. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data in the C-band are widely used nowadays to estimate SSM since the Sentinel-1 provides free-of-charge C-band SAR images at high spatial resolution with high revisit time, whereas the use of L-band is limited due to the low data availability. In this context, the main objective of this paper is to develop an operational approach for SSM estimation that mainly uses data in the C-band (Sentinel-1) with L-bands (ALOS/PALSAR) as additional data to improve SSM estimation accuracy. The approach is based on the use of the artificial neural networks (NNs) technique to firstly derive the soil roughness (Hrms) from the L-band (HH polarization) to then consider the L-band-derived Hrms and C-band SAR data (VV and VH polarizations) in the input vectors of NNs for SSM estimation. Thus, the Hrms estimated from the L-band at a given date is assumed to be constant for a given times series of C-band images. The NNs were trained and validated using synthetic and real databases. The results showed that the use of the L-band-derived Hrms in the input vector of NN in addition to C-band SAR data improved SSM estimation by decreasing the error (bias and RMSE), mainly for SSM values lower than 15 vol.% and regardless of Hrms values. Based on the synthetic database, the NNs that neglect the Hrms underestimate and overestimate the SSM (bias ranges between −8.0 and 4.0 vol.%) for Hrms values lower and higher than 1.5 cm, respectively. For Hrms 2.0 cm and SSM between 8 to 22 vol.%, the accuracy on the SSM estimation improved and the overestimation decreased by 2.2 vol.% (from 4.5 to 2.3 vol.%). From the real database, the use of Hrms estimated from the L-band brought a significant improvement of the SSM estimation accuracy. For in situ SSM less than 15 vol.%, the RMSE decreased by 1.5 and 2.2 vol.% and the bias by 1.2 and 2.6 vol.%, for Hrms values lower and higher than 1.5 cm, respectively.

Published
2021

5. A new cost-performance grid to compare different flood modelling approaches

Author

Roger Moussa, F. Colin, Rouya Hdeib, Chadi Abdallah, Laboratoire d'étude des Interactions Sol - Agrosystème - Hydrosystème (UMR LISAH), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), National Council for Scientific Research = Conseil national de la recherche scientifique du Liban [Lebanon] (CNRS-L), Gestion de l'Eau, Acteurs, Usages (UMR G-EAU), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-AgroParisTech-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), and This research is part of the first author's PhD thesis, which is funded by the Lebanese National Council for Scientific Research (L-CNRS) with the cooperation of the Laboratory for the study of Soil-AgrosystemHydrosystem interactions at the French National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRAE-LISAH) and the Montpellier National Superior School of Agronomy (Montpellier-SupAgro).

Subjects
Structure (mathematical logic), Flood myth, Computer science, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 0208 environmental biotechnology, inundation maps, Inference, 02 engineering and technology, [SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, Grid, computer.software_genre, Model complexity, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, Data availability, model complexity, 020801 environmental engineering, cost–performance, Data mining, flood modeling, computer, data availability, Selection (genetic algorithm), Cost performance, Water Science and Technology
Abstract

The wise selection of modeling approaches with an appropriate level of complexity for the study objectives is critical for robust inference. In this paper, the structure of a cost-performance grid designed for flood modeling is presented. The grid is developed to compare different flood modeling approaches of variable complexity and to guide on the proper selection of the couple data-model. The methodology involves defining metrics to quantify the three variables: data costs, model costs, and performance. Preliminarily, eighteen flood modeling applications in literature were arbitrarily selected and analyzed to guide on the implementation of the grid. The cost-performance diagram allows tracing a cost-performance curve and grouping applications in 4 zones corresponding to 4 modeling approaches (empirical and geomorphic, hydrological, hydraulic, and coupling). The grid is a tool to support the comparison, classification, and future selection of cost-effective modeling approaches. It is flexible and can be extrapolated to other modeling objectives.

Published
2021

6. The fliK Gene Is Required for the Resistance of Bacillus thuringiensis to Antimicrobial Peptides and Virulence in Drosophila melanogaster

Author

Attieh, Zaynoun, Mouawad, Carine, Rejasse, Agnès, Jehanno, Isabelle, Perchat, Stéphane, Hegna, Ida, Økstad, Ole, Kallassy Awad, Mireille, Sanchis-Borja, Vincent, El Chamy, Laure, Univ St Joseph Beyrouth, MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Oslo (UiO), Research Council of the Saint-Joseph University of Beirut FS139 FS73, Lebanese National Council of Scientific Research CNRS-L/02-05-16, CEDRE program 32942VD, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement (INRAE), CNRS-L, and AgroParisTech (Bourse de mobilite Abies)

Subjects
resistance, virulence, antimicrobial peptides, Drosophila melanogaster, FliK, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Bacillus thuringiensis, flagella
Abstract

International audience; Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are essential effectors of the host innate immune system and they represent promising molecules for the treatment of multidrug resistant microbes. A better understanding of microbial resistance to these defense peptides is thus prerequisite for the control of infectious diseases. Here, using a random mutagenesis approach, we identify the fliK gene, encoding an internal molecular ruler that controls flagella hook length, as an essential element for Bacillus thuringiensis resistance to AMPs in Drosophila . Unlike its parental strain, that is highly virulent to both wild-type and AMPs deficient mutant flies, the fliK deletion mutant is only lethal to the latter’s. In agreement with its conserved function, the fliK mutant is non-flagellated and exhibits highly compromised motility. However, comparative analysis of the fliK mutant phenotype to that of a fla mutant, in which the genes encoding flagella proteins are interrupted, indicate that B. thuringiensis FliK-dependent resistance to AMPs is independent of flagella assembly. As a whole, our results identify FliK as an essential determinant for B. thuringiensis virulence in Drosophila and provide new insights on the mechanisms underlying bacteria resistance to AMPs.

Published
2020

7. Acriflavine targets oncogenic STAT5 signaling in myeloid leukemia cells

Author

Hallal, Rawan, Nehme, Rawan, Brachet‐Botineau, Marie, Nehme, Ali, Dakik, Hassan, Deynoux, Margaux, Dello Sbarba, Persio, Levern, Yves, Zibara, Kazem, Gouilleux, Fabrice, Mazurier, Frédéric, ERL 7001 LNOx (Leukemic Niche & redOx metabolism / Niche leucémique et métabolisme redOx) (LNOx), Groupe innovation et ciblage cellulaire (GICC), EA 7501 [2018-...] (GICC EA 7501), Université de Tours-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), Laboratory of Stem Cells [Lebanese, Beirut] (ER045-PRASE), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Infectiologie et Santé Publique (UMR ISP), Université de Tours-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Lebanese University, Ligue Contre le Cancer, Lebanese National Council for Scientific Research, Hubert Curien Program, Region Centre-Val de Loire, Association 'CANCEN', Fondation de France, Université de Tours (UT)-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), and Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
Carcinogenesis, chronic myeloid leukaemia, Down-Regulation, Antineoplastic Agents, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, digestive system, acriflavine, resistance, Cell Line, Tumor, Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive, hemic and lymphatic diseases, STAT5 Transcription Factor, Humans, Protein Kinase Inhibitors, neoplasms, STAT5, Cell Proliferation, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, apoptosis, [SDV.MHEP.HEM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hematology, Original Articles, digestive system diseases, Drug Resistance, Neoplasm, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, Original Article, cell cycle, K562 Cells, Signal Transduction
Abstract

International audience; Acriflavine (ACF) is an antiseptic with anticancer properties, blocking the growth of solid and haematopoietic tumour cells. Moreover, this compound has been also shown to overcome the resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapeutic agents. ACF has been shown to target hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) activity, which are key effectors of hypoxia-mediated chemoresistance. In this study, we showed that ACF inhibits the growth and survival of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) cell lines in normoxic conditions. We further demonstrated that ACF down-regulates STAT5 expression in CML and AML cells but activates STAT3 in CML cells in a HIF-independent manner. In addition, we demonstrated that ACF suppresses the resistance of CML cells to tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as imatinib. Our data suggest that the dual effect of ACF might be exploited to eradicate de novo or acquired resistance of myeloid leukaemia cells to chemotherapy.

Published
2020

8. Characterization and Whole Genome Sequencing of AR23, a Highly Toxic Bacillus thuringiensis Strain Isolated from Lebanese Soil

Author

Vincent Sanchis, Laure El Chamy, Joël Chopineau, Rafael Patiño-Navarrete, Nancy Fayad, Mandy Antoun, Zakaria Kambris, Mireille Kallassy Awad, Jacques Mahillon, Mike A. Osta, MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Centre de génétique moléculaire (CGM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Biology, American University of Beirut [Beyrouth] (AUB), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratory of Food and Environmental Microbiology, Earth and Life Institute [Louvain-La-Neuve] (ELI), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL)-Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Réponse immunitaire et developpement chez les insectes (RIDI - UPR 9002), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité de Génétique Microbienne et Environnement (UR1249), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Département de Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth (USJ), Univ St Joseph Beyrouth, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Université de Nîmes (UNIMES), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL)-Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Génétique de La Drosophile Et Virulence Microbienne (GDVM), Lebanese national council for scientific research (CNRS-L) Universite Montpellier 2 research council of Saint-Joseph University FS59AUB-URB, and UCL - SST/ELI/ELIM - Applied Microbiology

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Bacillus thuringiensis, PROTEIN, Mosquito Vectors, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Hemolysin Proteins, Plasmid, Bacterial Proteins, Animals, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Lebanon, Phylogeny, Soil Microbiology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, Whole genome sequencing, 0303 health sciences, DELTA-ENDOTOXIN, CRYSTAL, biology, Strain (chemistry), Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins, 030306 microbiology, COMPONENTS, fungi, General Medicine, Pesticide, biology.organism_classification, GENE, MOSQUITO, Endotoxins, [SDV.BBM.BP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biophysics, Biopesticide, Larva, SUBSP ISRAELENSIS, INFERENCE, RESISTANCE, Bacteria, Genome, Bacterial, GENERATION, Delta endotoxin, Plasmids
Abstract

The demand for sustainable and eco-friendly control methods of pests and insects is increasing worldwide. From this came the interest in Bacillus thuringiensis, an entomopathogenic bacterium capable of replacing chemical pesticides. However, the possibility of pests developing resistance to a particular strain may impair its use, and there is a need to identify novel strains of this species as potential commercial biopesticides. B. thuringiensis sv. israelensis is one of the most successful serovars, widely commercialized for its activity against black fly and mosquito larvae. In this study, we isolated, characterized, and sequenced a new Lebanese B. thuringiensis sv. israelensis isolate, strain AR23. Compared to the commercialized reference strain AM65-52 (Vectobac®, Sumitomo), AR23 showed an increased activity against several mosquito species. The genomic analysis revealed that this strain, compared to AM65-52, possesses a simplified plasmid content and an additional functional cry4Ba coding gene that most likely accounts for the increased effectiveness of this strain in mosquito larvae killing.

Published
2019

9. An untargeted evaluation of food contact materials by flow injection analysis-mass spectrometry (FIA-MS) combined with independent components analysis (ICA)

Author

Jacqueline Maalouly, Estelle Rathahao-Paris, Baninia Habchi, Yann Padellec, Sandra Alves, Amine Kassouf, Violette Ducruet, Douglas N. Rutledge, Ingénierie, Procédés, Aliments (GENIAL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Chimie Moléculaire de Paris Centre (FR 2769), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris- Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP)-ESPCI ParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris- Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP)-ESPCI ParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lebanese Food Packaging [Université libanaise] (ER004 ), Université Libanaise, Lebanese National Council for Scientific Research (CNRS-L), Doctoral School of Science and Technology (EDST) in the Lebanese University, Region Ile-de-France, Dim Analytics, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-ESPCI ParisTech-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris- Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-ESPCI ParisTech-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris- Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris - Chimie ParisTech-PSL (ENSCP), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ingénierie Procédés Aliments ( GENIAL ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AgroParisTech-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] ( CNAM ), Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire ( IPCM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), ER 004 Lebanese Food Packaging, Faculty of Sciences II, and Lebanese University

Subjects
Food contact materials, Statistics as Topic, Independent components analysis, Food Contamination, Context (language use), 02 engineering and technology, Mass spectrometry, High resolution mass spectrometry, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Mass Spectrometry, Food safety, Analytical Chemistry, Food packaging, Flow injection analysis, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Environmental Chemistry, Potential source, Chemometrics, Spectroscopy, Chemistry, Direct method, 010401 analytical chemistry, Life time, Analytic Sample Preparation Methods, Non-intentionally added substances, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Independent component analysis, 0104 chemical sciences, [ CHIM.POLY ] Chemical Sciences/Polymers, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, [ CHIM.ANAL ] Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, 0210 nano-technology, Biological system, Food Analysis
Abstract

Article in press, corrected proof; Food contact materials (FCMs), especially plastics, are known to be a potential source of contaminants in food. In fact, various groups of additives are used to protect the integrity of the material during processing and life time. However, these intentionally added substances (IAS) could also lead to degradation products called non-intentionally added substances (NIAS), due to reactions occurring in the polymeric material. Complex mixtures of components may therefore be generated within the material, creating a source of potential migrating substances towards food in contact. In this context, an innovative analytical approach is proposed in order to assess IAS and NIAS in plastic FCMs for a fast screening of their composition. For this purpose, solvent extracts of polyethylene (PE) pellets, containers and films were analyzed by flow injection analysis-mass spectrometry (FIA-MS). This direct approach offers the ability to perform a large number of analyses in a short time. Mass spectral fingerprints were then treated by a multivariate data analysis technique called independent components analysis (ICA) in order to overcome the complexity of such data and to highlight hidden information related to IAS and NIAS molecules. ICA applied on mass spectral fingerprints of PE extracts highlighted group discriminations related to different m/z values which were putatively assigned to IAS and also to NIAS. In order to confirm these putative annotations, a hybrid LTQ-Orbitrap was used for high resolution mass spectrometry analysis. Moreover, MS/MS experiments were performed on some discriminant ions to improve their putative identification. The proposed methodology combining FIA-MS fingerprints and ICA proved its efficiency in identifying IAS and NIAS in plastic FCMs and its capability to discriminate different PE samples, in a relatively fast approach compared to classical analytical techniques. This approach may help the FCMs classification for compounders in the selection of the starting substances in plastic formulation and for plastic converters in the control of manufacturing processes as well as for the monitoring of final products.

Published
2018

10. Phospholipase D: A new mediator during high phosphate-induced vascular calcification associated with chronic kidney disease

Author

Nader Hussein, Leyre Brizuela, Nicolas Vitale, Christophe O. Soulage, Najwa Skafi, Wissam H. Faour, Dina Abdallah, David Magne, Sophie Reibel, Bassam Badran, Eva Hamade, Saida Mebarek, René Buchet, Métabolisme, Enzymes et Mécanismes Moléculaires (MEM²), Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physiologie intégrative, cellulaire et moléculaire (PICM), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Genomic and Health Laboratory, Genomic and Health Laboratory/PRASE-EDST, Plateforme d'hébergement et d'exploration fonctionnelle (Chronobiotron), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives (INCI), Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Lebanese University (LU), Lebanese National Council for Scientific Research (CNRS-L), and Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1

Subjects
Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Vascular smooth muscle, Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Myocytes, Smooth Muscle, Clinical Biochemistry, chronic kidney disease (CKD), Muscle, Smooth, Vascular, Cell Line, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Tissue Culture Techniques, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Phospholipase D, medicine, Animals, Myocyte, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, Vascular Calcification, vascular calcification (VC), Protein kinase C, Mice, Knockout, phospholipase D (PLD), Chemistry, PLD2, Cell Biology, Ascorbic acid, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Calcium, Dietary, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cell Transdifferentiation, Phosphorus, Dietary, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Ex vivo, Signal Transduction, Calcification
Abstract

International audience; Vascular calcification (VC) is the pathological accumulation of calcium phosphate crystals in one of the layers of blood vessels, leading to loss of elasticity and causing severe calcification in vessels. Medial calcification is mostly seen in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes. Identification of key enzymes and their actions during calcification will contribute to understand the onset of pathological calcification. Phospholipase D (PLD1, PLD2) is active at the earlier steps of mineralization in osteoblasts and chondrocytes. In this study, we aimed to determine their effects during high-phosphate treatment in mouse vascular smooth muscle cell line MOVAS, in the ex vivo model of the rat aorta, and in the in vivo model of adenine-induced CKD. We observed an early increase in PLD1 gene and protein expression along with the increase in the PLD activity in vascular muscle cell line, during calcification induced by ascorbic acid and beta-glycerophosphate. Inhibition of PLD1 by the selective inhibitor VU0155069, or the pan-PLD inhibitor, halopemide, prevented calcification. The mechanism of PLD activation is likely to be protein kinase C (PKC)-independent since bisindolylmaleimide X hydrochloride, a pan-PKC inhibitor, did not affect the PLD activity. In agreement, we found an increase in Pld1 gene expression and PLD activity in aortic explant cultures treated with high phosphate, whereas PLD inhibition by halopemide decreased calcification. Finally, an increase in both Pld1 and Pld2 expression occurred simultaneously with the appearance of VC in a rat model of CKD. Thus, PLD, especially PLD1, promotes VC in the context of CKD and could be an important target for preventing onset or progression of VC.

Published
2019

11. Determination of the optimal number of components in independent components analysis

Author

Douglas N. Rutledge, Amine Kassouf, Delphine Jouan-Rimbaud Bouveresse, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ii, Lebanese University [Beirut], Université Paris-Saclay, Ingénierie, Procédés, Aliments (GENIAL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Lebanese National Council for Scientific Research (CNRS-L), Doctoral School of Sciences and Technologies (EDST) in the Lebanese University, Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie - Middle East office, and Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)

Subjects
Complex data type, Random_ICA, Chemistry, Generalization, Optimal number, Computation, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 010401 analytical chemistry, 02 engineering and technology, Latent variable, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Residual, KMO_ICA_Residuals, Independent components analysis (ICA), 01 natural sciences, Blind signal separation, Independent component analysis, Data matrix (multivariate statistics), 0104 chemical sciences, Analytical Chemistry, ICA_corr_y, Validation, 0210 nano-technology, Algorithm
Abstract

Independent components analysis (ICA) may be considered as one of the most established blind source separation techniques for the treatment of complex data sets in analytical chemistry. Like other similar methods, the determination of the optimal number of latent variables, in this case, independent components (ICs), is a crucial step before any modeling. Therefore, validation methods are required in order to decide about the optimal number of ICs to be used in the computation of the final model. In this paper, three new validation methods are formally presented. The first one, called Random_ICA, is a generalization of the ICA_by_blocks method. Its specificity resides in the random way of splitting the initial data matrix into two blocks, and then repeating this procedure several times, giving a broader perspective for the selection of the optimal number of ICs. The second method, called ICMO_ICA_Residuals is based on the computation of the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) index of the transposed residual matrices obtained after progressive extraction of ICs. The third method, called ICA_corr_y, helps to select the optimal number of ICs by computing the correlations between calculated proportions and known physico-chemical information about samples, generally concentrations, or between a source signal known to be present in the mixture and the signals extracted by ICA. These three methods were tested using varied simulated and experimental data sets and compared, when necessary, to ICA_by_blocks. Results were relevant and in line with expected ones, proving the reliability of the three proposed methods.

Published
2018

12. View selection for sketch-based 3D model retrieval using visual part shape description

Author

Zahraa Yasseen, Anne Verroust-Blondet, Ahmad Nasri, Robotics & Intelligent Transportation Systems (RITS), Inria de Paris, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria), National Council for Scientific Research = Conseil national de la recherche scientifique du Liban [Lebanon] (CNRS-L), and Lebanese National Council for Scientific Research(CNRS) : a Ph.d. Scholarship given to Zahraa Yasseen and a research grant awarded to Ahmad Nasri.

Subjects
Side view, 02 engineering and technology, 2D Shape description, Silhouette, Computer graphics, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, Symmetry estimation, Sketch-based 3D object retrieval, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Selection (linguistics), Computer vision, Projection (set theory), Mathematics, business.industry, Perspective (graphical), 020207 software engineering, Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design, Object (philosophy), Sketch, [INFO.INFO-GR]Computer Science [cs]/Graphics [cs.GR], Best view selection, [INFO.INFO-TI]Computer Science [cs]/Image Processing [eess.IV], 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Artificial intelligence, Symmetry (geometry), business, Software
Abstract

International audience; Hand drawings are the imprints of shapes in human’s mind. How a human expresses a shape is a consequence of how he or she visualizes it. A query-by-sketch 3D object retrieval application is closely tied to this concept from two aspects. First, describing sketches must involve elements in a figure that matter most to a human. Second, the representative 2D projection of the target 3D objects should be limited to “the canonical views” from a human cognition perspective. We advocate for these two rules by presenting a new approach for sketch-based 3D object retrieval that describes a 2D shape by the visual protruding parts of its silhouette. Furthermore, we present a list of candidate 2D projections that represent the canonical views of a 3D object. The general rule is that humans would visually avoid part occlusion and symmetry. We quantify the extent of part occlusion of the projected silhouettes of 3D objects by skeletal length computations. Sorting the projected views in the decreasing order of skeletal lengths gives access to a subset of the best representative views. We experimentally show how views that cause misinterpretation and mismatching can be detected according to the part occlusion criteria. We also propose criteria for locating side, off axis, or asymmetric views.

Published
2017

13. Monitoring of twenty-two sulfonamides in edible tissues: Investigation of new metabolites and their potential toxicity

Author

Arnaudguilhem Carine, Lobinski Ryszard, Abdallah Hiba, Jaber Farouk, Abdul Rahim Haifa, Institut des sciences analytiques et de physico-chimie pour l'environnement et les materiaux (IPREM), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Region of Aquitaine, the European Union, the Lebanese National Council for Scientific Research (CNRSL) and the Lebanese Atomic Energy Commission (LAEC)

Subjects
Meat, Quechers, Orbitrap, 01 natural sciences, High-performance liquid chromatography, LC-QqQ-MS, Mass Spectrometry, Analytical Chemistry, law.invention, chemistry.chemical_compound, Sulfadiazine, law, Sulfaquinoxaline, medicine, Metabolites, Animals, Humans, media_common.cataloged_instance, [CHIM]Chemical Sciences, Computer Simulation, Lebanon, European union, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, media_common, Residue (complex analysis), Sulfonamides, Chromatography, Toxicity, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, 010401 analytical chemistry, General Medicine, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 3. Good health, 0104 chemical sciences, Triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, Cattle, Chickens, Food Analysis, Food Science, medicine.drug
Abstract

International audience; The extensive and unregulated use of antibacterial drugs in animal farms in Lebanon can lead to detrimental consequences for the public health. To monitor the levels of sulfonamides and their metabolites in farms in Lebanon, a total of 304 meat samples were collected and analyzed using liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole and hybrid linear ion trap-Orbitrap mass spectrometry following QuEChERS-based extraction. Sulfonamide residues could be detected in forty-six samples, ten of which contained a concentration of sulfaquinoxaline (151.4-1196.7 μg kg-1 in chicken samples) and sulfadiazine (109.8 μg kg-1 in a beef sample) exceeding the European Union-based maximum residue level by 1-12 folds, and thus were unfit for human consumption. Several acetylated, hydroxylated, and/or sulfated metabolites were identified, some of which were not previously detected in edible tissues. Most identified metabolites exhibited potential toxicity equivalent or higher than that of the parent molecule as estimated by in silico tests.

Published
2016

14. Responses to repeated cycles of water restriction in lactating Shami goats

Author

Sylvie Giger-Reverdin, Mabelle Chedid, Elie K. Barbour, Shady K. Hamadeh, P. Morand-Fehr, Mounir Abi-Said, Christine Duvaux-Ponter, Lina S. Jaber, Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut (UB), Faculty of Sciences II, Lebanese University [Beirut], Modélisation Systémique Appliquée aux Ruminants (MoSAR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Lebanese National Council for Scientific Research, American University of Beirut Research Board, American University of Beirut [Beyrouth] (AUB), and Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU)

Subjects
Albumin concentrations, medicine.medical_specialty, General Veterinary, 040301 veterinary sciences, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 0402 animal and dairy science, shami goats, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, lactation, Biology, Body weight, Milk production, 040201 dairy & animal science, 0403 veterinary science, Serum osmolarity, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Animal science, intermittent watering, Internal medicine, Lactation, milk composition, medicine, Animal Science and Zoology, physiological indicators
Abstract

The experiment was conducted to assess the effects of an intermittent watering regime on physiological indicators of lactating Shami goats. Twelve does in late lactation were equally distributed to two treatments: control and watered once every four days. Several serum and milk variables were assessed at the beginning of the experiment and on four subsequent days. The does' body weight was assessed at the beginning and at the end of the experiment while milk production was recorded daily. The intermittently watered animals showed increased serum osmolarity, urea, protein and albumin concentrations, denoting dehydration. Milk production and body weight were not affected by the treatment. In addition, milk composition was similar between the control and the intermittently watered animals. It was concluded that the Shami goats could tolerate the intermittent watering regime during late lactation with minimal physiological disturbances. However, the long-term consequences of the treatment on production and health warrant further research.

Published
2015

15. Modeling circadian clock-cell cycle interaction effects on cell population growth rates

Author

Samuel Bernard, R. El Cheikh, N. El Khatib, Multi-scale modelling of cell dynamics : application to hematopoiesis (DRACULA), Institut Camille Jordan [Villeurbanne] (ICJ), École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre de génétique et de physiologie moléculaire et cellulaire (CGPhiMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Modélisation mathématique, calcul scientifique (MMCS), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Institut Rhône-Alpin des systèmes complexes (IXXI), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Computer Science and Mathematics [Lebanese American University] (CSM/SAS/LAU), Lebanese American University (LAU), CAMPUS FRANCE, Lebanese National Council of Scientific Research, PHC Cèdre Grant 30097ZA, Centre de génétique et de physiologie moléculaire et cellulaire (CGPhiMC), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut Camille Jordan [Villeurbanne] (ICJ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut Camille Jordan (ICJ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Lyon (ECL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Camille Jordan (ICJ), and École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Lumière - Lyon 2 (UL2)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Université Jean Moulin - Lyon 3 (UJML)

Subjects
Statistics and Probability, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Circadian clock, Population, [MATH.MATH-DS]Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], Cell Cycle Proteins, Biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Circadian Clocks, Internal medicine, circadian clock, medicine, Humans, Circadian rhythm, Oscillating gene, education, Cell Proliferation, education.field_of_study, General Immunology and Microbiology, chronotherapy, Applied Mathematics, ARNTL Transcription Factors, Nuclear Proteins, Period Circadian Proteins, General Medicine, Models, Theoretical, Protein-Tyrosine Kinases, Cell cycle, Bacterial circadian rhythms, Cell biology, Cryptochromes, ARNTL, Endocrinology, Gene Expression Regulation, Light effects on circadian rhythm, Modeling and Simulation, Mutation, cell cycle, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, age-structured equations
Abstract

Accepted for publication in Journal of Theoretical Biology, post-print version; International audience; The circadian clock and the cell cycle are two tightly coupled oscillators. Recent analytical studies have shown counter-intuitive effects of circadian gating of the cell cycle on growth rates of proliferating cells which cannot be explained by a molecular model or a population model alone. In this work, we present a combined molecular-population model that studies how coupling the circadian clock to the cell cycle, through the protein WEE1, affects a proliferating cell population. We show that the cell cycle can entrain to the circadian clock with different rational period ratios and characterize multiple domains of entrainment. We show that coupling increases the growth rate for autonomous periods of the cell cycle around 24 h and above 48 h. We study the effect of mutation of circadian genes on the growth rate of cells and show that disruption of the circadian clock can lead to abnormal proliferation. Particularly, we show that $\mathit{Cry1}$, $\mathit{Cry2}$ mutations decrease the growth rate of cells, $\mathit{Per2}$ mutation enhances it and $\mathit{Bmal1}$ knockout increases it for autonomous periods of the cell cycle less than 21 h and decreases it elsewhere. Combining a molecular model to a population model offers new insight on the influence of the circadian clock on the growth of a cell population. This can help chronotherapy which takes benefits of physiological rhythms to improve anti-cancer efficacy and tolerance to drugs by administering treatments at a specific time of the day.

Published
2014

16. Independent components analysis coupled with 3D-front-face fluorescence spectroscopy to study the interaction between plastic food packaging and olive oil

Author

Jacqueline Maalouly, Douglas N. Rutledge, Amine Kassouf, Violette Ducruet, Maria El Rakwe, Hanna Chebib, Ingénierie Procédés Aliments (GENIAL), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-AgroParisTech-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), Lebanese Food Packaging [Université libanaise] (ER004 ), Université Libanaise, Lebanese National Council for Scientific Research, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology in the Lebanese University, Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie - Middle East office, ER004 Lebanese Food Packaging, and Lebanese University [Beirut]

Subjects
packaging, Analytical chemistry, plastic packaging, migration, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, Peroxide, Fluorescence spectroscopy, Analytical Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Plant Oils, Environmental Chemistry, Food science, ICA, independent components analysis, Spectroscopy, Inert, Polypropylene, chemistry.chemical_classification, sorption, 010401 analytical chemistry, Food Packaging, Sorption, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Polymer, olive oil, 3D front face fluorescence spectroscopy, 040401 food science, 0104 chemical sciences, emballage, Food packaging, Spectrometry, Fluorescence, 3D-front-face fluorescence spectroscopy, chemistry, Polyphenol, Plastics
Abstract

Olive oil is one of the most valued sources of fats in the Mediterranean diet. Its storage was generally done using glass or metallic packaging materials. Nowadays, plastic packaging has gained worldwide spread for the storage of olive oil. However, plastics are not inert and interaction phenomena may occur between packaging materials and olive oil. In this study, extra virgin olive oil samples were submitted to accelerated interaction conditions, in contact with polypropylene (PP) and polylactide (PLA) plastic packaging materials. 3D-front-face fluorescence spectroscopy, being a simple, fast and non destructive analytical technique, was used to study this interaction. Independent components analysis (ICA) was used to analyze raw 3D-front-face fluorescence spectra of olive oil. ICA was able to highlight a probable effect of a migration of substances with antioxidant activity. The signals extracted by ICA corresponded to natural olive oil fluorophores (tocopherols and polyphenols) as well as newly formed ones which were tentatively identified as fluorescent oxidation products. Based on the extracted fluorescent signals, olive oil in contact with plastics had slower aging rates in comparison with reference oils. Peroxide and free acidity values validated the results obtained by ICA, related to olive oil oxidation rates. Sorbed olive oil in plastic was also quantified given that this sorption could induce a swelling of the polymer thus promoting migration.

Published
2014

17. Proteome Modulation in H9c2 Cardiac Cells by microRNAs miR-378 and miR-378

Author

Daniel L. Winter, Mathias Mericskay, Romain Ladouce, Zhenlin Li, Bertrand Friguet, Eva Tritsch, Youssef Mallat, Vieillissement Cellulaire Intégré et Inflammation (VCII), Adaptation Biologique et Vieillissement = Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), French Agence Nationale pour la Recherche [ANR-08-GENOPATH-038], Association Francaise contre les Myopathies (AFM), Lebanese National Council for Scientific Research, French Ministry of Research, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Proteome, Lactate dehydrogenase A, Vimentin, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Biochemistry, Analytical Chemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Humans, Myocytes, Cardiac, Cytoskeleton, education, Molecular Biology, Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP, Actin, 030304 developmental biology, Regulation of gene expression, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, biology, Endoplasmic reticulum, Research, RNA-Binding Proteins, Cell biology, MicroRNAs, Mitochondrial biogenesis, Gene Expression Regulation, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Protein Biosynthesis, biology.protein, Carrier Proteins, Energy Metabolism, Glycolysis
Abstract

International audience; MicroRNAs are a novel class of powerful endogenous regulators of gene expression. MiR-378 and miR-378* are localized in the first intron of the Ppargc1b gene that codes the transcriptional co-activator PGC-1. The latter regulates energy expenditure as well as mitochondrial biogenesis. The miR-378:miR-378* hairpin is highly expressed in cardiac cells. To better assess their role in cardiomyocytes, we identified miR-378 and miR-378* targets via a proteomic screen. We established H9c2 cellular models of overexpression of miR-378 and miR-378* and identified a total of 86 down-regulated proteins in the presence of either one of these miRs. Functional annotation clustering showed that miR-378 and miR-378* regulate related pathways in cardiomyocytes, including energy metabolism, notably glycolysis, cytoskeleton, notably actin filaments and muscle contraction. Using bioinformatics algorithms we found that 20 proteins were predicted as direct targets of the miRs. We validated eight of these targets by quantitative RT-PCR and luciferase reporter assay. We found that miR-378 targets lactate dehydrogenase A and impacts on cell proliferation and survival whereas miR-378* targets cytoskeleton proteins actin and vimentin. Proteins involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress response such as chaperone and/or calcium buffering proteins GRP78, PPIA (cyclophilin A), calumenin, and GMMPA involved in glycosylation are repressed by these miRs. Our results show that the miR-378/378* hairpin establishes a connection among energy metabolism, cytoskeleton remodeling, and endoplasmic reticulum function through post-transcriptional regulation of key proteins involved in theses pathways.

Published
2014

18. Aqueous solubility (in the range between 298.15 and 338.15 K), vapor pressures (in the range between 10−5 and 80 Pa) and Henry's law constant of 1,2,3,4-dibenzanthracene and 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene

Author

Georgio Bassil, Khaled Stephan, Ilham Mokbel, Joseph Saab, Ramy Abou-Naccoul, Jacques Jose, TAP - Thermodynamique Analyse et Procédés, Institut des Sciences Analytiques (ISA), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Equipe Thermodynamique Equilibre Phases & Anal Avance (Equipe ThEAA), Université Saint-Esprit de Kaslik (USEK), the Lebanese National Council for Scientific Research (CNRSL), and the Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie (AUF-PCSI)

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, Vapor Pressure, Vapor pressure, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Analytical chemistry, Aqueous solubility, Mole fraction, Vapor pressures, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Benz(a)Anthracenes, Environmental Chemistry, Organic chemistry, Solubility, Aqueous solution, Chemistry, Partition coefficient air-water, Temperature, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, General Medicine, General Chemistry, Pollution, 6. Clean water, Molar solubility, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, Henry's law, Partition coefficient, Saturation (chemistry), Henry's constant
Abstract

International audience; Aqueous solubility and vapor pressures of 1,2,3,4-dibenzanthracene and 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene were determined using dynamic saturation methods. For the two isomers, aqueous solubility is in the range between 10−10 and 10−2 in molar fraction corresponding to temperature between 298.15 and 338.15 K. Vapor pressures of the pure solutes range from 10−5 to 80 Pa. Prior to the study of the two dibenzanthracenes and in order to check the experimental procedures, solubility of fluoranthene (between 298 and 338 K) and vapor pressures of phenanthrene and fluoranthene (between 300 and 470 K) were measured. From aqueous solubility data coupled with the vapor pressures of the pure solutes, partition coefficient air-water, KAW, and Henry's constant, KH, of environmental relevance were calculated.

Published
2014

19. Automatic Optimization of Chirp Setting Parameters in Medical Ultrasound Contrast Imaging

Author

Sébastien Ménigot, Jamal Charara, Amira Zaylaa, Jean-Marc Girault, Imagerie et cerveau, Université François Rabelais - Tours - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics and Electronics, Lebanese University [Beirut], IUT de Ville-d'Avray, Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense (UPOND), Lebanese National Council for Scientific Research, Lebanese University and Imaging and Brain Laboratory INSERM U930 at François Rabelais University of Tours in France, Lebanese University [Beirut] (LU), Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Equipe 5 : imagerie et ultrasons, Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), National Council for Scientific Research in Lebanon, Lebanese University, Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
[SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, Computer science, Acoustics, Contrast imaging, 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, automatic technique, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, chirp setting parameters, [INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing, 0103 physical sciences, Chirp, 010301 acoustics, Medical ultrasound, [SDV.IB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering, High contrast, business.industry, Ultrasound, Inversion (meteorology), chirp inversion, optimal command, Microbubbles, Medical ultrasound contrast imaging, Gradient descent, business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract

International audience; Medical ultrasound contrast imaging is a powerful modality undergoing successive developments in the last decade to date. Lately, pulse inversion has been used in both ultrasound tissue harmonic and contrast imaging. However, there was a tradeoff between resolution and penetration. Chirp excitations partially solved the tradeoff, but the chirp setting parameters were not optimized. The present work proposes for the first time combining chirp inversion with ultrasound contrast imaging, with the motivation to improve the contrast, by automatically optimizing the setting parameters of chirp excitation, it is thus an optimal command problem. Linear chirps, 5 ?m diameter microbubbles and gradient ascent algorithm were simulated to optimize the chirp setting parameters. Simulations exhibited a gain of 5 dB by automatic optimization of chirp inversion relative to pulse inversion. The automatic optimization process was quite fast. Combining chirp inversion with ultrasound contrast imaging led to a maximum backscattered power permitting high contrast outcomes and optimum parameters.

Published
2013

20. Isolation and characterization of a new Bacillus thuringiensis strain Lip harboring a new cry1Aa gene highly toxic to Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae

Author

Alain Chavanieu, Nouha Abdelmalak, Joël Chopineau, Hichem Azzouz, Mireille Kallassy Awad, Micheline El Khoury, Biotechnology Laboratory, Université Saint-Joseph de Beyrouth (USJ), Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier - Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux de Montpellier (ICGM ICMMM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax (CBS), Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron [Pôle Chimie Balard] (IBMM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM), Université de Nîmes (UNIMES), and Lebanese National Council for Scientific Research (01-11-05), Agence Universitaire de la Francophonie AUF (BMO) (PCSI fellow 2012-2013), research council of Saint Joseph University, Lebanon (FS32).

Subjects
Proteases, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Molecular Sequence Data, Bacillus thuringiensis, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, Microbiology, Lepidoptera genitalia, 03 medical and health sciences, Hemolysin Proteins, Bacterial Proteins, Botany, Genetics, medicine, Animals, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Pest Control, Biological, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, Pyralidae, 0303 health sciences, Strain (chemistry), Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins, 030306 microbiology, Toxin, fungi, Midgut, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Endotoxins, Lepidoptera, stomatognathic diseases, Cry1Ac, Larva
Abstract

International audience; The aim of this study was to characterize new Bacillus thuringiensis strains that have a potent insecticidal activity against Ephestia kuehniella larvae. Strains harboring cry1A genes were tested for their toxicity, and the Lip strain showed a higher insecticidal activity compared to that of the reference strain HD1 (LC50 of Lip and HD1 were 33.27 and 128.61 μg toxin/g semolina, respectively). B. thuringiensis Lip harbors and expresses cry1Aa, cry1Ab, cry1Ac, cry1Ad and cry2A. DNA sequencing revealed several polymorphisms in Lip Cry1Aa and Cry1Ac compared to the corresponding proteins of HD1. The activation process using Ephestia kuehniella midgut juice showed that Lip Cry1A proteins were more stable in the presence of larval proteases. Moreover, LipCry1A proteins exhibited higher insecticidal activity against these larvae. These results indicate that Lip is an interesting strain that could be used as an alternative to the worldwide used strain HD1

Published
2013

21. Finite time blow-up for a wave equation with a nonlocal nonlinearity

Author

Fino, Ahmad, Kirane, Mokhtar, Georgiev, Vladimir, Laboratoire de mathématiques et applications (LaMA--Liban), Université Libanaise, Laboratoire de Mathématiques et de leurs Applications [Pau] (LMAP), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mathématiques, Image et Applications - EA 3165 (MIA), Université de La Rochelle (ULR), Dipartimento di Matematica [Pisa], University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, The Italian National Council of Scientific Research, the Lebanese National Council of Scientific Research (CNRS), European Project, and La Rochelle Université (ULR)

Subjects
mild and weak solutions, Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs, Riemann-Liouville fractional integrals and derivatives, FOS: Mathematics, [MATH.MATH-AP]Mathematics [math]/Analysis of PDEs [math.AP], Hyperbolic equation, local existence, blow-up, 58J45, 26A33, 35B44, Strichartz estimate, Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
Abstract

In this article, we study the local existence of solutions for a wave equation with a nonlocal in time nonlinearity. Moreover, a blow-up results are proved under some conditions on the dimensional space, the initial data and the nonlinear forcing term.

Published
2010
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22. Solving constraints between lines in Euclidean geometry

Author

Khalil Challita, Philippe Balbiani, Logique, Interaction, Langue et Calcul (IRIT-LILaC), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Lebanese national council for scientific research, Christoph Bussler, and Dieter Fensel

Subjects
Discrete mathematics, Binary relation, Constraint satisfaction problems, Dimension (graph theory), [INFO.INFO-LO]Computer Science [cs]/Logic in Computer Science [cs.LO], 02 engineering and technology, State (functional analysis), Euclidean geometry, Combinatorics, 020204 information systems, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Parallelism (grammar), 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, Time complexity, Mathematics, Spatial reasoning
Abstract

International audience; We consider constraints satisfaction problems between lines in Euclidean geometry. Our language of constraints is based on the binary relation of parallelism. Our main results state that (1) solving constraints between lines in dimension 2 can be done in polynomial time whereas (2) solving constraints between lines in dimension 3 is NP-hard.

Published
2004

23. New analogues of 13-hydroxyocatdecadienoic acid and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid block human blood platelet aggregation and cyclooxygenase-1 activity

Author

Taghreed Hirz, Aida Habib, Ali Hachem, Raghida Abou Merhi, Eva Hamade, René Grée, Nehme El-Hachem, May F. Mrad, Christophe Créminon, Ali Khalaf, Hassan Abdallah, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes (ISCR), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA), Physiopathologie cellulaire et moléculaire des cellules du sang et du vaisseau, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Lebanese National Council for Scientific Research [03-04-09], Lebanese University (Ecole doctorale des Sciences et Technologies), American University of Beirut, CNRS, University of Rennes 1, Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Rennes (INSA Rennes), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes (ENSCR)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
EXPRESSION, Chemistry(all), Thromboxane, INHIBITION, [CHIM.THER]Chemical Sciences/Medicinal Chemistry, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Pharmacology, METABOLISM, Thromboxane receptor, CLONING, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Thromboxane A2, 0302 clinical medicine, BINDING, ANTAGONISM, Platelet activation, ENDOPEROXIDE H SYNTHASE-1, Cyclooxygenase-1, QD1-999, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, Inhibitors, Thrombosis, General Chemistry, ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS, Anti-thrombotic, 3. Good health, RECEPTORS, Chemistry, Polyunsaturated fatty acid, chemistry, Biochemistry, biology.protein, 12-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, RAT, Arachidonic acid, Thromboxane-A synthase, Cyclooxygenase, Research Article
Abstract

Background Thromboxane A2 is derived from arachidonic acid through the action of cyclooxygenases and thromboxane synthase. It is mainly formed in blood platelets upon activation and plays an important role in aggregation. Aspirin is effective in reducing the incidence of complications following acute coronary syndrome and stroke. The anti-thrombotic effect of aspirin is obtained through the irreversible inhibition of cyclooxygenases. Analogues of 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and 13-hydroxyocatdecadienoic acid were shown previously to modulate platelet activation and to block thromboxane receptors. Results and discussion We synthesized 10 compounds based on the structures of analogues of 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid and 13-hydroxyocatdecadienoic acid and evaluated their effect on platelet aggregation triggered by arachidonic acid. The structure activity relationship was evaluated. Five compounds showed a significant inhibition of platelet aggregation and highlighted the importance of the lipidic hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain and the phenol group. Their IC50 ranged from 7.5 ± 0.8 to 14.2 ± 5.7 μM (Mean ± S.E.M.). All five compounds decreased platelet aggregation and thromboxane synthesis in response to collagen whereas no modification of platelet aggregation in response to thromboxane receptor agonist, U46619, was observed. Using COS-7 cells overexpressing human cyclooxygenase-1, we showed that these compounds are specific inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-1 with IC50 ranging from 1.3 to 12 μM. Docking observation of human recombinant cyclooxygenase-1 supported a role of the phenol group in the fitting of cyclooxygenase-1, most likely related to hydrogen bonding with the Tyr 355 of cyclooxygenase-1. Conclusions In conclusion, the compounds we synthesized at first based on the structures of analogues of 12 lipoxygenase metabolites showed a role of the phenol group in the anti-platelet and anti-cyclooxygenase-1 activities. These compounds mediate their effects via blockade of cyclooxygenase-1.

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