Search

RESUMO Este estudo investiga as propriedades psicométricas da Escala de Avaliação do Cyberbullying (EAC) entre estudantes do Ensino Médio e examina diferenças e relações nas pontuações da escala, considerando os perfis de vítima, agressor e retaliador e variáveis demográficas. Participaram 529 alunos (Midade=17,03; DP=3,32) dos estados de São Paulo, Mato Grosso do Sul e Paraná, de diferentes anos escolares e em sua maioria do gênero feminino. Os dados foram analisados mediante estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais. Os resultados evidenciaram a confirmação do modelo proposto, com índices de ajuste e confiabilidade considerados satisfatórios. Os estudantes se identificaram mais como vítimas de cyberbullying. Correlações estatisticamente significativas e relações de predição entre os fatores foram encontradas. Os resultados foram discutidos à luz da literatura. Espera-se que o instrumento possa contribuir para a implementação de práticas pedagógicas condizentes com a prevenção deste grave problema e que seja utilizado em pesquisas futuras sobre a temática.

RESUMO O Inventário de Habilidades Sociais Educativas do Professor Universitário – versão Aluno (IHSE-PU-Aluno) avalia as habilidades sociais educativas (HSE) de professores universitários na perspectiva de seus alunos. Este estudo examinou as evidências de validade do instrumento baseadas em sua estrutura interna. A análise das respostas fornecidas por 1.406 estudantes indicou uma estrutura hierárquica composta por em cinco dimensões de primeira ordem – Aprovar e valorizar os comportamentos dos alunos (AVC, 13 itens), Expor, explicar e avaliar de maneira interativa (EEA, 11 itens), Cultivar afetividade, apoio e bom humor (AAH, 10 itens), Reprovar comportamentos indesejáveis dos alunos (RCI, 9 itens) e Orientar atividades (OAt, 6 itens) – e um componente de segunda ordem denominado de HSE. Os índices demonstram um ajustamento adequado para a solução com cinco dimensões de primeira ordem (χ2=3645,23, p

The transplacental transmission of parasites and hemoparasites is crucial for understanding the epidemiology of diseases. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of hemopathogens in bovine fetuses at various gestational periods. Samples were obtained from a slaughterhouse in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, and a total of 236 fetuses were collected. DNA extracted from blood samples (145) and organ samples (a pool of brain and spleen) (236) underwent a nested PCR (nPCR) assay to detect Babesia spp., Theileria spp., Trypanosoma vivax, Anaplasma marginale, Anaplasma bovis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia minasensis, and hemotropic Mycoplasma spp. Additionally, serological analysis of 145 plasma samples was conducted using the indirect fluorescent antibody test-IFAT to detect IgG against Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina, A. marginale, and Trypanosoma vivax. The observed prevalence of transplacental transmission was 19.3 %, 6.2 %, 42.7 % and 2.7 %, for A. marginale, B. bigemina, 'Candidatus M. haemobos', and Mycoplasma wenyonii, respectively. The prevalence of A. marginale by gestational trimester was 16 % (13/81) in the second trimester and 23 % (14/60) in the third trimester, with no positive samples in the first trimester. Regarding the species B. bovis and B. bigemina, all evaluated animals tested negative by nPCR, and no serological evidence for B. bovis was found by the IFAT. Babesia bigemina demonstrated an overall seroprevalence of 6.2 % (9/145), with 4.8 % (7/145) in the last trimester and 1.3 % (2/145) in the second trimester of pregnancy. In total, 42.7 % (62/145) of blood samples were positive for 'Candidatus M. haemobos’, with 42 % (34/81) in the middle trimester, and 43 % (26/60) in the final trimester of pregnancy. Mycoplasma wenyonni was detected in 2.7 % (4/145) blood samples, all in coinfection with ‘C. M. haemobos’. The prevalence by pregnancy trimester was 25 % (1/4) in the first trimester; 1.2 % (1/81) in the second trimester and 3.3 % (2/60) in the third trimester of pregnancy. Hemopathogen DNA was detected in fetus blood samples but not the brain or spleen samples. All the samples were negative for T. vivax, Theileria spp., Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. Overall, in this study, approximately 70 % of fetuses were positive for one or more of the studied parasites. No significant associations were observed between pairs of pathogens, except ‘C. M. haemobos’ and A. marginale.

Abstract DNA is a danger signal sensed by cGAS to engage signaling through STING to activate innate immune functions. The best-studied downstream responses to STING activation include expression of type I interferon and inflammatory genes, but STING also activates other pathways, including apoptosis. Here, we report that STING-dependent induction of apoptosis in macrophages occurs through the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway and is mediated via IRF3 but acts independently of gene transcription. By intersecting four mass spectrometry datasets, we identify SAM68 as crucial for the induction of apoptosis downstream of STING activation. SAM68 is essential for the full activation of apoptosis. Still, it is not required for STING-mediated activation of IFN expression or activation of NF-κB. Mechanistic studies reveal that protein trafficking is required and involves SAM68 recruitment to STING upon activation, with the two proteins associating at the Golgi or a post-Golgi compartment. Collectively, our work identifies SAM68 as a STING-interacting protein enabling induction of apoptosis through this DNA-activated innate immune pathway.

Abstract The objective of this work was to investigate the use of the You Only Look Once (YOLO) convolutional neural network model for the detection and efficient counting of Eucalyptus sp. shoots in stands through aerial photographs captured by unmanned aerial vehicles. For this, the significance of data organization was evaluated during the system-training process. Two datasets were used to train the convolutional neural network: one consisting of images with a single shoot and another with at least ten shoots per image. The results showed high precision and recall rates for both datasets. The convolutional neural network trained with images containing ten shoots per image showed a superior performance when applied to data not used during training. Therefore, the YOLO convolutional neural network can be used for the detection and counting of shoots of Eucalyptus sp. clones from aerial images captured by unmanned aerial vehicles in forest stands. The use of images containing ten shoots is recommended to compose the training dataset for the object detector.

Abstract Anaplasma marginale is transmitted biologically by infected ticks or mechanically by biting flies and contaminated fomites. In tick-free areas, such as southern Uruguay, horseflies could be the principal vectors of this pathogen for bovines, causing anaplasmosis. The objective of this work was to detect the presence of A. marginale by MSP-5 PCR and Sanger sequencing in the most prevalent species of horseflies obtained using different collection methods in Colonia, Tacuarembó and Paysandú, Uruguay. Eight horsefly species were tested (Dasybasis missionum, Poeciloderas lindneri, Tabanus campestris, T. claripennis, T. fuscofasciatus, T. platensis, T. tacuaremboensis and T. triangulum); four species were found to be positive for A. marginale, with D. missionum and P. lindneri having the most frequent infections, while only one individual each of T. fuscofasciatus and T. tacuaremboensis was positive. Both D. missionum and P. lindneri were positive for A. marginale in tick-free areas, and the implications are discussed in this report.

Este estudo tem por objetivo realizar um levantamento sobre as dissertações e as teses dos programas de pós-graduação stricto sensu de educação do Instituto Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, visando identificar e analisar os aspectos éticos envolvidos e considerados nesses documentos para não só servirem de subsídios para o desenvolvimento de políticas institucionais de educação e capacitação da comunidade acadêmica, como também contribuírem com a implantação e a atuação do CEP-IFRN. Foram pesquisados o Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da CAPES e o repositório institucional do IFRN, considerando trabalhos cadastrados até o ano 2019. Os resultados revelaram que, apesar da maioria dos projetos envolver seres humanos, muitos não abordavam a ética na pesquisa. Portanto, a falta de preocupação com a proteção e garantia da dignidade dos participantes da pesquisa destaca a urgente necessidade de atuação do Comitês de Ética em Pesquisa/-IFRN na promoção de políticas de formação e capacitação sobre ética na pesquisa em educação.

Este artigo descreve trajetórias de desenvolvimento dos talentos de crianças e adolescentes nas áreas acadêmica, do desporto e artística, tomando as perspectivas das próprias crianças e dos adolescentes, de seus encarregados de educação e de seus professores. Foi finalidade do estudo uma análise dos processos conducentes ao desenvolvimento dos talentos, considerando as variáveis pessoais e contextuais de vida e educação. As nove crianças e adolescentes participantes do estudo foram indicadas por apresentar excelência na expressividade dos seus talentos. Os dados coletados pelas entrevistas apontam que o talento acadêmico está fortemente associado às altas capacidades cognitivas dessas crianças, enquanto o treinamento ou a prática deliberada está associada às crianças com talento na área do desporto e das artes. Nalguns casos, as crianças e os adolescentes sentem-se alvo de exclusão na escola, necessitando que os professores e o currículo escolar atendam às suas características e necessidades.

Exercise training (ET) can lower platelet reactivity in patients with cardiovascular risk factors. However, the effects of ET on platelet reactivity in higher-risk patients is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ET on platelet reactivity in patients with recent myocardial infarction (MI). Ninety patients were randomly assigned 1 month post-MI to the intervention (patients submitted to a supervised ET program) or control group. All patients were on dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT). Platelet reactivity by VerifyNow-P2Y12 (measured by P2Y12 reaction units – PRUs) test was determined at baseline and at the end of 14 ± 2 weeks of follow-up at rest (primary endpoint), and multiplate electrode aggregometry (MEA) adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and aspirin (ASPI) tests were performed immediately before and after the maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) at the same time points (secondary endpoints). Sixty-five patients (mean age 58.9 ± 10 years; 73.8% men; 60% ST elevation MI) completed follow-up (control group, n = 31; intervention group, n = 34). At the end of the follow-up, the mean platelet reactivity was 172.8 ± 68.9 PRUs and 166.9 ± 65.1 PRUs for the control and intervention groups, respectively (p = .72). Platelet reactivity was significantly increased after the CPET compared to rest at the beginning and at the end of the 14-week follow-up (among the intervention groups) by the MEA-ADP and MEA-ASPI tests (p

Este trabalho substitui o cloreto de sódio (NaCl) por cloreto de potássio (KCl) em níveis crescentes, com a adição de óleos essenciais de orégano e tomilho para mitigar o efeito do cloreto de potássio na avaliação sensorial dos consumidores de hambúrgueres bovinos. Foram testados três níveis de substituição de sódio por potássio (KC20, KC40 e KC60 com 20%, 40% e 60% de substituição, respectivamente) e comparados com o controle (CONT, 100% cloreto de sódio), quanto à contaminação microbiológica inicial e avaliação sensorial por 112 consumidores. A substituição de NaCl por KCl não alterou (P > 0,05) a população microbiana inicial. Da mesma forma, os níveis de substituição de NaCl por KCl não alteraram (P > 0,05) a aceitabilidade de cor, odor e textura dos hambúrgueres bovinos. As substituições de 20% e 40% de NaCl por KCl melhoraram (P < 0,05) o sabor e a aceitabilidade geral dos hambúrgueres bovinos. Ainda, para níveis de substituição de 60%, não foi observada diferença (P > 0,05) quando comparado ao grupo CONT. Diferentes grupos de consumidores foram observados para odor e aceitabilidade geral (P < 0,050). Em conclusão, é possível substituir até 60% de NaCl por KCl em hambúrgueres bovinos, com inclusão de óleos essenciais de orégano e tomilho, na avaliação sensorial pelos consumidores, sendo 20% o nível de substituição mais recomendado.

Abstract Self-handicapping strategies refer to the set of choices and attitudes adopted to minimize blame for failure and increase the value of success in achievement situations. This paper aims to describe the stages of construction and the psychometric analysis of a scale to measure the self-handicapping strategies of university students. In study 1, the major steps for the construction of the scales and initial results are reported. The internal consistency indices were acceptable and the principal component analysis revealed factors with little explanation of data variance. In study 2, data from a sample of 834 students from several undergraduate courses of different Brazilian universities were subjected to exploratory factor analysis using the minimum rank factor analysis (MRFA) method and the matrix of polychoric correlations. The parallel analysis criterion for factor retention indicated the one-factor solution as the best fit to data. The importance of having a valid and reliable measure to assess self-handicapping strategies in educational contexts and the promising use of the scale in actions to improve learning in higher education are discussed.

Treatment processes used in most sewage treatment stations generate as by-product a material named sludge. The amount of sludge grows proportionally with the increase in effluent collection and treatment services, which in turn must accompany population growth. The disposition of waste generated in an environmentally correct and economically viable way is one of the biggest challenges faced by companies that operate sanitation services. The ceramic industry presents a great potential for the use of this waste. The goal of this work was to evaluate the effect of the incorporation of the sewage sludge in the ceramic mass for the manufacture of solid bricks. The water absorption was lower for bricks with 10% sludge, but it increased for bricks with 15% sludge, resulting in products that presented water absorption slightly beyond of the limit of the standard NBR 15270. However, the results are promising because they show that additions of 10% or 15% sludge increased the compressive strength markedly.

Abstract The motivation to learn, as a socio-affective component, has been investigated as a facilitating phenomenon for the permanence of young people in formal education. The aim of this study was to seek evidence of content and the internal structure of the items that make up an instrument to identify the motivational quality for learning with the use of DICT (EMA - TDIC), with its scope being students in high school and higher education. Participants in this study were 822 students, who responded collectively to the scale. Descriptive and exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory (CFA) analysis of the items were performed. The CFA results corroborated the structural model established in the EFA, that is, the three-dimensional structure was confirmed: Controlled Motivation, Autonomous Motivation and Demotivation. New studies are underway, aiming to expand the psychometric evidence of the instrument, increasing the possibilities of making this questionnaire useful in educational contexts.

Fast-growing forest species with multiple uses, like bamboo, have aroused interest for their silvicultural applications. Bamboo species are a valuable source of renewable raw material, and Bambusa vulgaris is an economically important species. However, there are limitations to large-scale cloning of adult-selected genotypes. This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro cloning of Bambusa vulgaris in different culture systems, sucrose and activated charcoal supplementation by the inter-simple-sequence repeat (ISSR) molecular markers. In vitro bud multiplication and shoot elongation were evaluated in three cultivation systems: semi-solid and liquid culture media, and temporary immersion bioreactor (TIB). The sucrose concentrations, 0 and 30 g L−1 were evaluated in the stages. Both the culture media were supplemented with 2.0 mg L−1 benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.5 mg L−1 α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The absence and presence of activated charcoal (100 mg L−1) were evaluated in the in vitro rooting. MS culture medium was supplemented with 2 mg L−1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), 1.0 mg L−1 NAA, and 0.5 mg L−1 BAP. Semi-solid culture medium supplemented with 30 g L−1 of sucrose presented superior emission of bud per explant. Liquid culture medium supplemented with 30 g L−1 of sucrose presented the most elongated shoots. Activated charcoal in the culture medium did not influence the adventitious rooting. Micropropagated plants showed genetic fidelity and were clones of the adult selected plant.

Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) is a cosmopolitan pest that affects leaves and fruits, causing damage to crops. Various control techniques are used to eliminate adults and larvae; however, none of themis completely effective. Thus, this study tested the use of a light trap with an ultraviolet lamp and an electrical device to control T. absoluta in a tomato greenhouse (‘Grazianni’) located in Paty do Alferes (Brazil) and recorded the best capture period. For this, three FIX model mosquito traps were placed inside the greenhouse (2.4 m high, 1.2 m apart) during one lunar cycle. The catch was evaluated in the following time periods: from 7:00 pm to 10:30 pm, from 10:30 pm to 02:00 am, and from 02:00 to 05:30 am. A total of 6,886 specimens were collected. The time interval from 7:00-10:30 pm resulted in the highest abundance captured (54.3%), similar to previous data on the flight period of T. absoluta. These results contribute to the Integrated Pest Management of the tomato crop, an alternative to the exclusive use of chemical control methods which fail to efficiently control the tomato moth.

Abstract There are many claims that gamification (i.e., using game elements outside games) impact decreases over time (i.e., the novelty effect). Most studies analyzing this effect focused on extrinsic game elements, while fictional and collaborative competition have been recently recommended. Additionally, to the best of our knowledge, no long-term research has been carried out with STEM learners from introductory programming courses (CS1), a context that demands encouraging practice and mitigating motivation throughout the semester. Therefore, the main goal of this work is to better understand how the impact of a gamification design, featuring fictional and competitive-collaborative elements, changes over a 14-week period of time, when applied to CS1 courses taken by STEM students (N = 756). In an ecological setting, we followed a 2x7 quasi-experimental design, where Brazilian STEM students completed assignments in either a gamified or non-gamified version of the same system, which provided the measures (number of attempts, usage time, and system access) to assess user behavior at seven points in time. Results indicate changes in gamification’s impact that appear to follow a U-shaped pattern. Supporting the novelty effect, the gamification’s effect started to decrease after four weeks, decrease that lasted between two to six weeks. Interestingly, the gamification’s impact shifted to an uptrend between six and 10 weeks after the start of the intervention, partially recovering its contribution naturally. Thus, we found empirical evidence supporting that gamification likely suffers from the novelty effect, but also benefits from the familiarization effect, which contributes to an overall positive impact on students. These findings may provide some guidelines to inform practitioners about how long the initial contributions of gamification last, and how long they take to recover after some reduction in benefits. It can also help researchers to realize when to apply/evaluate interventions that use gamification by taking into consideration the novelty effect and, thereby, better understand the real impact of gamification on students’ behavior in the long run.

Observing different works referring to the percussive repertoire (whether solo, chamber music or even symphonic) we realize that, in many cases, the impossibility of changing mallets in certain musical stretches involving multi-percussion setups compromises the sound of certain instruments. By conducting a study on patents and trademarks regarding mallet systems that allow small suspended instruments to be played without the need to hold it and their specific mallets, it was possible to see improvements and innovative ideas for this type of performance. Using licensed software for 3D projects, we developed and built the Mallet System for Small Suspended Instruments - SIBAPIS2020. As it is a system with improved and expanded functionalities compared to what already exists on field, we intend to contribute to the improvement of percussive performance, particularly in the context of small instruments inserted in multi-percussion setups.

Abstract This systematic review aimed to investigate if there is a better interceptive treatment for palatally displaced canines (PDC) in the mixed dentition stage. The PubMed/MEDLINE, CENTRAL, Scopus, and EMBASE databases were searched for randomized clinical trials related to the research topic. The gray literature and reference lists were also assessed. Network meta-analysis was conducted to analyze the effects of different approaches on PDC eruption. The surface under the cumulative ranking area was calculated to rank the treatments. The certainty of the evidence was evaluated using the GRADE approach. Of the 892 eligible studies, 18 were selected for full-text analysis and 9 for meta-analysis, involving 506 participants and 730 PDC, to compare 9 approaches. The proportion of erupted PDC was significantly higher for all interceptive treatments compared with control (no intervention). Furthermore, the proportion of erupted PDC was higher in patients subjected to rapid maxillary expansion (RME) than those who underwent double extraction of primary canine and primary molar (relative risk (RR) = 2.68 ICr95%: 1.12–9.35). A higher proportion of erupted PDC was found for RME (RR = 3.07 ICr95%: 1.31–10.67), RME plus use of transpalatal arch (TA) plus extraction of primary canine(s) (EC) (RR = 1.43 ICr95%: 1.09–1.95), EC plus use of cervical pull headgear (RR = 1.38 ICr95%: 1.11–1.79), and EC plus use of TA (RR = 1.36 ICr95%: 1.00–1.9) than for EC. RME was most likely to be considered as the best interceptive treatment. Overall, the certainty of the evidence was considered low due to imprecision and indirectness. In conclusion, no intervention in the mixed dentition stage is the worst choice for PDC.

O presente estudo investigou a evidência de validade da adaptação à realidade pandêmica do Questionário de Satisfação com a Experiência Acadêmica (QSEA-R). Participaram do estudo de abordagem quantitativa 365 estudantes matriculados no ensino remoto emergencial (ERE) dos cursos superiores do Instituto Federal de Alagoas. Os resultados confirmaram as qualidades métricas em termos de validade da estrutura interna e de fidedignidade do questionário. A pandemia da COVID-19 intensificou desigualdades e agravou a condição de vulnerabilidade social dos estudantes, que, apesar de relatarem ausência de uma infraestrutura digital satisfatória para o estudo remoto, avaliaram como satisfatória a implantação do ERE, acreditavam na integração das experiências vivenciadas no contexto pandêmico e expressaram perspectivas positivas de empregabilidade e êxito profissional. Concluiu-se que o QSEA-R representa um importante instrumento preditor da (in)satisfação acadêmica, contribuindo, desta forma, na avaliação da eficácia institucional.

Este artigo apresenta os resultados da investigação sobre os fatores psicossociais que impactaram a satisfação acadêmica dos estudantes do Ensino Superior relacionados ao seu desempenho acadêmico durante o Ensino Remoto Emergencial. Por meio da aplicação do Questionário de Satisfação com a Experiência Acadêmica Remota, objetivou-se avaliar o nível de satisfação acadêmica de uma amostra de 365 estudantes matriculados nos cursos superiores do Instituto Federal de Alagoas. A satisfação acadêmica foi diretamente impactada pela vulnerabilidade social e digital dos estudantes, especialmente entre os de maior idade quanto à satisfação com os recursos econômicos, à perspectiva de realização profissional futura e à empregabilidade. Mesmo não possuindo uma infraestrutura digital satisfatória para o acompanhamento das atividades remotas, a maior parte dos estudantes mostraram-se motivados para a continuidade dos estudos, pois acreditavam que só com o investimento na própria formação acadêmica iriam garantir a mobilidade social ascendente tão almejada.

Dossiê Covid-19 e o mundo em tempos de pandemia

DOSSIÊ IV COVID-19 – O MUNDO EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA

Resumo: Como observa Alexandre Júnior (1998), no prefácio da Retórica, houve uma explosão dos estudos retóricos nas últimas décadas. Nesse sentido, muitos estudiosos do discurso têm voltado seus olhares para as questões de retórica, muitas vezes seguindo os passos de Aristóteles, que a define como a arte da persuasão, além de observar que se trata da contraparte da dialética, hoje entendida como argumentação. Em 2007, Meyer, para quem a retórica é a negociação das diferenças entre indivíduos, recupera a clássica oposição aristotélica, pontuando que não é possível privilegiar retórica ou dialética. Em vez disso, é preciso buscar caminhos para unificá-las, evidenciando que ambas, na verdade, fazem parte de uma mesma disciplina. Aristóteles argumenta que o orador atinge seu objetivo, ou seja, alcança a persuasão, quando se vale da virtude, da prudência e da benevolência. Esses elementos têm relação com as emoções, definidas por ele como “causas que fazem alterar os seres humanos e introduzem mudanças nos seus juízos, na medida em que comportam dor e prazer” (ARISTÓTELES, 1998, p. 106). Apesar de Aristóteles evidenciar o lugar das emoções no discurso, alguns estudos modernos tendem a negligenciar o domínio do pathos. Desse modo, discutiremos o papel da emoção, especialmente da indignação, na negociação das distâncias em comentários sobre um crime de feminicídio, uma vez que estes são terras férteis para a expressão de diversas emoções. Pretendemos, neste trabalho, verificar em que medida a indignação constitui-se como estratégia argumentativa, aproximando ou afastando ainda mais os sujeitos que participam das trocas simbólicas em redes sociais. Palavras-chave: retórica; argumentação; emoções; indignação; feminicídio. Abstract: As well observed by Alexandre Júnior (1998) in the preface to Rhetoric, there has been an explosion of rhetorical studies in recent decades. Therefore, many discourse researchers have dedicated themselves to rhetoric issues, often following the steps of Aristotle, who defines it as the art of persuasion, besides observing that it is the counterpart of dialectics, which is seen as argumentation nowadays. In 2007, Meyer, for whom rhetoric is the negotiation of differences between individuals, revived the classic Aristotelian opposition, pointing out that it is not possible to privilege rhetoric or dialectics. Instead, it is necessary to find alternatives to unify them, showing that both are in fact part of the same subject. Taking into account the “art of persuasion”, Aristotle argues that the speaker achieves his objective, in other words, achieves persuasion, when they use virtue, prudence, and benevolence. These elements are related to emotions, defined by him as “feelings that so change men as to affect their judgements, and that are also attended by pain or pleasure” (ARISTOTLE, 1998, p. 106). Although Aristotle highlights the locus of emotions in discourse, some modern studies tend to neglect the pathos domain. Thus, we aim to discuss the role of emotion, especially indignation, in negotiating distances in comments on a feminicide crime, since these are fertile lands for expressing several emotions. In this study, we intend to observe to what extent indignation makes up an argumentative strategy, bringing the subjects that engage in symbolic exchanges on social networks even closer or pushing them away. Keywords: rhetoric; argumentation; emotions; indignation; feminicide.

Este estudo objetivou investigar as variáveis pessoais e os fatores contextuais relacionados com a excelência de pesquisadores de ambos os gêneros e de diferentes áreas do conhecimento. A amostra foi constituída por 109 pesquisadores, bolsistas de produtividade do Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), que trabalham em instituições de ensino superior de várias regiões do Brasil. Utilizou-se o Questionário do Perfil de Excelência online formado por perguntas semi-abertas relacionadas a recursos pessoais, fatores acadêmicos e de fatores contextuais. Os resultados obtidos apontam para diferenças estatisticamente significantes de frequência de respostas entre os gêneros quanto à paixão pelo trabalho para enfrentar novos projetos de pesquisa, uso do suporte social, utilização de empregados para conciliar a vida pessoal com a profissional, na ocupação do tempo livre na realização de viagens e nas atividades com a família. Os resultados sugerem a natureza multivariada do fenômeno da excelência científica, convergindo na sua manifestação fatores pessoais e contextuais. Ambos os fatores merecem ser considerados quando se procura promover a sua realização profissional e produtividade.

Dossiê Covid-19 e o mundo em tempos de pandemia

ABSTRACT Introduction: Clinical trial protocols are essential documents that serve as a basis for research planning. The Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) statement aimed to increase the transparency and integrity of clinical trial protocols. Objectives: This paper described the main aspects of the SPIRIT, highlighting the importance of using this guideline in Orthodontics. Results: The SPIRIT is composed of 33 items and the diagram, which were presented and explained. Conclusion: The use of the SPIRIT checklist must become essential to increase the transparency and integrity of more reliable and less biased clinical trials in orthodontic research, improving the quality of future publications in this field.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the skill of orthodontists and oral/maxillofacial surgeons (OMFS) in providing a prognosis of mandibular third molars spontaneously erupted, through follow-up panoramic analysis. Methods: 22 orthodontic patients treated without extraction, presenting spontaneously erupted mandibular third molars (n = 44) were analyzed through panoramic serial radiographs. The first panoramic radiograph was obtained just after orthodontic treatment (PR1), in patients aging from 13 to 19 years. A second panoramic radiograph (PR2), was obtained in average two years later. The radiographs were randomly analyzed by 54 specialists, 27 orthodontists and 27 OMFS, to obtain the opinion about the approach to be adopted to these teeth in PR1. Then, another opinion was collected by adding a serial radiograph (PR1+2). Results: The concordance of the answers was moderate for OMFS (Kappa 0.44; p< 0.0001) and significant for orthodontists (Kappa 0.39; p< 0.0001). In the analysis of the first radiograph (PR1) of the spontaneously erupted molars, OMFS indicated extraction in 44.5% of cases, while orthodontists indicated in 42%, with no difference between groups (p= 0.22). In PR1+2 analysis, orthodontists maintained the same level of extraction indication (45.6%, p= 0.08), while surgeons indicated more extractions (63.2%, p< 0.0001). Conclusions: Orthodontists and OMFS were not able to predict the eruption of the third molars that have erupted spontaneously. Both indicated extractions around half of the third molars. A follow-up analysis, including one more radiograph, did not improve the accuracy of prognosis among orthodontists and worsened for OMFS.

Abstract Background The aim of this systematic review was to identify, evaluate, and provide a current literature about the influence of heritability on the determination of occlusal traits. Materials and methods MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, LILACS, and Google Scholar were searched without restrictions up to March 2020. Studies with twin method were considered and the risk of bias assessment was performed using quality of genetic association studies checklist (Q-Genie). The coefficient of heritability (h 2), model-fitting approaches, and coefficient correlation were used to estimate the genetic/environmental influence on occlusal traits. The GRADE tool was used to assess the quality of the evidence. Results Ten studies met the eligibility criteria. Three studies presented good quality, five moderate quality, and two poor quality. Most studies have found that the intra-arch traits, mainly the maxillary arch morphology, such as width (h 2 16–100%), length (h 2 42–100%), and shape (h 2 42–90%), and the crowding, mainly for mandibular arch (h 2 35–81%), are under potential heritability influence. The traits concerning the inter-arch relationship, as overjet, overbite, posterior crossbite, and sagittal molar relation, seem not to be genetically determined. The certainty of the evidence was graded as low for all outcomes. Conclusions Although weak, the available evidence show that the heritability factors are determinant for the intra-arch traits, namely, arch morphology and crowding. Possibly due they are functionally related, the occlusal traits concerning the maxillary and mandibular relationship seem to have environmental factors as determinants. In this scenario, early preventive approaches can offer a more effective and efficient orthodontic treatment.

Esta pesquisa buscou identificar os custos humanos relacionados à atividade médica em uma Unidade de Pronto Atendimento e descrever as estratégias lançadas por estes profissionais para lidar com os custos. O estudo foi conduzido balizado pela perspectiva da Ergonomia da Atividade. Foram realizadas 13 entrevistas semiestruturadas e os dados submetidos à análise lexical com o uso do software IRaMuTeQ. Foram observados nos discursos relativos aos custos humanos do trabalho uma predominância negativa (84,2% dos discursos analisados), com a descrição de repercussões fisiológicas do trabalho na forma de sintomas e doenças; além de repercussões físicas, cognitivas e afetivas, representadas sob a forma de exaustão, sobrecarga, esgotamento, cansaço, ansiedade, tristeza, labilidade emocional. As estratégias identificadas nos discursos foram classificadas em dois eixos: um relativo à necessidade de apoio, seja pelos colegas de trabalho, de outros profissionais, da gestão, de familiares ou de amigos; o segundo eixo descreve estratégias dentro e fora do trabalho para lidar com os custos identificados, representados por atividade física, fazer o que gosta, “desligar-se” do trabalho, busca da religiosidade e da ressignificação do trabalho. O estudo fomenta demandas da unidade pesquisada e de outras pesquisas no contexto de emergências médicas, com vistas à mudanças do contexto de trabalho.

Abstract Aim: Cardiovascular physiology learned by exercise science students is often quickly forgotten. We tested whether a state rotation model would help students to recall key principles of Cardiovascular Physiology (CV). Methods: Seventy-one undergraduate students enrolled in the Exercise Physiology Course at the School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, participated in the study. The students were randomly assigned into one of 4 stations, dedicated to recalling the concepts of the heart as a pump (e.g. preload, post-load, and contractility; station 1) and hemodynamics (e.g. serial and parallel conductance; station 2) by using the educational tool. Heart rate (HR) control by sympathetic nervous system activation (station 3) and HR control by vagal activation (station 4) were assessed by quantifying HR response to the Stroop color and word test and during face immersion in cold water, respectively. To evaluate the efficacy of the intervention, we used a Socrative app to launch eight multiple-choice questions before (PRE) and after (POST) the student's station rotation. The questions were related to the basic principles of exercise physiology and its consequences on the cardiovascular system. Results: The 4-station average score (% of corrected answers) achieved after the station rotation was higher than the score achieved before (71.21%, SD 14.50 vs. 31.07%, SD 18.04; for POST and PRE, respectively p < 0.005). Considering specific stations, the lowest score of corrected answers before the rotation was observed at station 2- hemodynamics when compared with station 1-heart as a pump and station 3/4 - autonomic control (18.9%, SD 0.9 vs. 46.5, SD 24.1 and 34.8, SD 2.1 for hemodynamics, heart as a pump and autonomic control, respectively). Interestingly, after the rotation, there was a significant increase in corrected scores for all stations (33.9, SD 9.8; 80.5, SD 4.6 and 90.2, SD 2.3, for hemodynamics, heart as a pump, and autonomic control, respectively). Conclusion: Our results suggest that the use of the educational tool was effective to recall CV principles that are essential to a better understanding of the CV responses to exercise and applying the concepts in exercise testing and prescription for different populations.

Discorrer acerca da criação da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (1969) e analisar o papel da Escola de Farmácia nesse processo é o intuito deste artigo. Através de pesquisa bibliográfica e de ampla investigação documental realizada no Arquivo Histórico da instituição corrobora-se que o curso farmacêutico de Ouro Preto além de ser pioneiro e de se manter perene na cidade de Ouro Preto desde o século XIX, também exerceu papel primordial na criação da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), sendo um centro de referência e expansão educacional na região antes mesmo do seu processo de federalização e mesmo após a sua incorporação à UFOP.

Introdução: O câncer de mama é o segundo tipo de câncer mais frequente no mundo (perdendo apenas para o câncer de pele não melanoma) e é o mais comum entre as mulheres, sendo que sua incidência e mortalidade vêm aumentando ao longo do tempo Objetivos: avaliar o perfil de mulheres com câncer de mama e a influência das comorbidades no agravamento clínico da doença: Métodos: este é um estudo transversal, no qual foral avaliados prontuários de 102 mulheres com câncer de mama. A amostra foi distribuída em grupos segundo a gravidade histológica da doença. Foi avaliado a frequência de comorbidade associado ao câncer segundo o tipo histológico do tumor. Resultados: Os 102 participantes deste estudo foram distribuídos para esta analise conforme o tipo histológico do tumor. 20 participantes tinha tumor classificado como luminal A, 35 como luminal B, 19 como hibrido, 10 como HER 2 e 17 como basal like/triplo negativo. estadiamentos clínicos tardios associado à hipertensão arterial como a variável de maior frequência, seguida respectivamente pelo, tabagismo, obesidade, história de câncer familiar positiva e diabetes mellitus. Conclusão: O câncer de mama está muito relacionado a hipertensão arterial, ao uso de tabaco, obesidade e histórico familiar. Também foi possível verificar que o câncer de mama com características histológicas mais grave esta vinculado a mulheres mais jovens e tabagistas.

Exacerbated inflammatory response and altered vascular function are hallmarks of dengue disease. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production has been associated to endothelial barrier disturbance and microvascular alteration in distinct pathological conditions. Increased ROS has been reported in in vitro models of dengue virus (DENV) infection, but its impact for endothelial cell physiology had not been fully investigated. Our group had previously demonstrated that infection of human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) with DENV results in the activation of RNA sensors and production of proinflammatory cytokines, which culminate in cell death and endothelial permeability. Here, we evaluated the role of mitochondrial function and NADPH oxidase (NOX) activation for ROS generation in HBMEC infected by DENV and investigated whether altered cellular physiology could be a consequence of virus-induced oxidative stress. DENV-infected HBMECs showed a decrease in the maximal respiratory capacity and altered membrane potential, indicating functional mitochondrial alteration, what might be related to mtROS production. Indeed, mtROS was detected at later time points after infection. Specific inhibition of mtROS diminished virus replication, cell death, and endothelial permeability, but did not affect cytokine production. On the other hand, inhibition of NOX-associated ROS production decreased virus replication and cell death, as well as the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, IL-8, and CCL5. These results demonstrated that DENV replication in endothelial cells induces ROS production by different pathways, which impacts biological functions that might be relevant for dengue pathogenesis. Those data also indicate oxidative stress events as relevant therapeutical targets to avoid vascular permeability, inflammation, and neuroinvasion during DENV infection.

Abstract This work aims to present a methodology for the elaboration of a deformation map in a Portland cement concrete specimen to predict fractures caused by axial compression stresses, using the technique of Digital Image Correlation - DIC 2D. For this purpose, 5 concrete specimens with compressive strength expected at 28 days fck of 40 MPa were analyzed, which were tested in the ABNT NBR 5739/2018 standard - compression test of cylindrical concrete specimens. During the test, the necessary digital images were acquired in the DIC-2D array. These images were subsequently processed, and the results interpreted statistically. According to the result of the correlation of images obtained, it was found that 67% of the specimens had regions of accumulation of stresses that indicated in advance the location of the rupture, which enabled the development of a fracture prediction map. The results obtained in the research showed that the methodology used by means of the DIC-2D arrangement was able to predict the place where the rupture in the specimens occurred.

Chronic skin ulcers treatment is a common challenge in clinical dermatology practice. In recent years, hair-follicles transplantation emerged as an effective chronic skin ulcer treatment. The healing improvement is probably due to the action of follicle stem cells. We present a case of a chronic skin ulcer due to livedoid vasculopathy that fully healed 2 months after hair-follicle implantation into the wound bed.

No Brasil, as experiências pioneiras de mitilicultura datam da década de 70, por pesquisadores da Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Pesquisas da Marinha-(RJ). A atividade comercial surgiu a partir de 1989 em Santa Catarina. Nos últimos anos, tem se observado nos coletores e nas estruturas de cultivo a presença do Mytilus galloprovincialis em Santa Catarina, contudo estas informações não estão sistematizadas, pois não se tem clareza do período de maior ocorrência nem mesmo a proporção de assentamento desta espécie em relação com as variações temporais. Com a finalidade de se obter estas informações, será realizado uma avaliação do assentamento do Mytilus, nas diferentes estações do ano, em modelos de coletores, que são utilizados tradicionalmente pelos maricultores na baía de Zimbros, Bombinhas (SC).

Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection with a multiplicity of clinical presentations that has been known for centuries. Recently, a new wave of syphilis has been reported in developed countries and men who have sex with men, especially those coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), have the highest rates of syphilis infection. In these patients, cutaneous manifestation can be even more diverse. We report a case of secondary syphilis in a young male patient coinfected with HIV whose presentation consisted of extensive condylomata lata lesions.

O Dossiê “Diálogos internacionais sobre a educação profissional” traz um conjunto de oito artigos que se constitui em provocações e informações para a reflexão sobre educação profissional em variados países, não em sentido estritamente comparativo, mas de desafios que esse campo da educação enfrenta nos diferentes níveis de formação para o trabalho.

Microtriatoma trinidadensis (Lent, 1951), previously known from Venezuela, Colombia, Suriname, Peru, Bolivia, and the Brazilian states of Mato Grosso, Pará, and Tocantins, is reported for the first time in Amazonas state, Brazil. We found in the collection of the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia an unidentified female specimen of Microtriatoma. The specimen was collected in April 2010, in dried straw and foliage of açai palm, Euterpe precatoria Mart., from Monte Sião, municipality of Codajás, Amazonas state.

Resumo. Os Plecoptera depositados na Coleção Costa Lima da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro são apresentados em uma lista comentada. Um total de 16 espécimes, conservados em via seca, se encontram armazenados em uma gaveta única. Esses espécimes são representantes das duas famílias reportadas para o Brasil. Uma revisão é apresentada com uma classificação atualizada, bem como seu estado de conservação. Plecoptera (Insecta) from the Entomological Collection Costa Lima – Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Abstract. The Plecoptera deposited in Costa Lima Collection from Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ) are presented in an annotated list. A total of 16 specimens, pinning in dry-mounted, are stored in a single drawer. These specimens are representatives’ of the two families reported to Brazil. A revision is present with an updated classification as well as comments of the conservation.

O presente estudo analisa o impacto das variáveis pessoais e do contexto na (in)satisfação com experiências acadêmicas em estudantes da Universidade Licungo em Moçambique. Participaram do estudo 711 estudantes, sendo 472 (66,4%) do sexo masculino. Foi aplicado, na modalidade online, um questionário contendo itens de descrição social e acadêmica dos estudantes e de avaliação de satisfação com as experiências acadêmicas. Com base no modelo de regressão hierárquica, a idade dos estudantes, as variáveis de rendimento (e.g., nível de participação nas aulas, intenção de mudança de curso) e as variáveis contextuais (e.g., mudança de residência para frequentar o ES, a ocupação do estudante) mostraram serem preditores significativos da (in)satisfação com experiências acadêmicas. Os resultados do presente estudo sugerem a necessidade de implementação de estratégias de gestão universitária mais focadas nas características individuais e do contexto dos estudantes, visando melhorar a prestação de serviços e a satisfação dos estudantes.

O atual cenário de Pandemia de Covid-19 exigiu reorganizações imediatas do trabalho docente para adaptá-lo ao ensino remoto emergencial. Na especificidade da docência, na universidade pública, surgem novas formas de trabalho com ferramentas digitais e tecnológicas, o que exigiu a revisão de princípios fundantes da docência associada a formação integral – bildung. O ensino remoto altera a essência da docência, exigindo novas formas de atuação que ajudem a superar a fragmentação que o ensino remoto tem imposto à docência e a formação de professores na universidade pública. Neste artigo apresentamos um relato de experiência fundamentada na interdisciplinaridade. Embora tenhamos identificado sua aprovação, uma parcela dos estudantes relatou fadigas em relação ao tempo de exposição à tela do computador, além de dificuldades em participar dos debates, e assimilar o conteúdo neste novo formato de ensino.

N/a.

Este artigo analisa a satisfação académica de estudantes universitários moçambicanos em relação à sua vivência académica. Participaram no estudo 30 estudantes de diferentes cursos, frequentando o 1º ou 2º ano dos cursos. Os estudantes realizaram individualmente uma entrevista semiestruturada sobre a satisfação com as suas experiências académicas. Os resultados reportam que os aspetos mais referenciados pelos estudantes dizem respeito às infraestruturas, relações interpessoais, e condições de aprendizagem. O desenvolvimento da autonomia e a preocupação com a futura profissão também emergiram como áreas importantes. As condições de aprendizagem e das infraestruturas são dimensões que reportam maior insatisfação junto dos estudantes universitários. Os resultados permitem identificar itens importantes a considerar na construção de um questionário de avaliação da satisfação dos estudantes universitários com as suas experiências académicas, sugerindo também áreas de intervenção institucional de promoção do envolvimento e do sucesso académico destes estudantes.

Abstract: This study aimed to develop and validate the Malocclusion Impact Scale for Early Childhood (MIS-EC), a malocclusion-specific measure of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of children aged 3-5 years and their parents/caregivers. A pool of items was analysed to identify those relevant to the assessment of the impact of malocclusion on OHRQoL. Dental professionals and mothers of children with and without malocclusion rated the importance of these items. The final version of the MIS-EC was evaluated in a cross-sectional study comprising 381 parents of children aged 3–5 years to assess construct validity, internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Twenty-two items were identified from item pooling. After item reduction, eight items were chosen to constitute the MIS-EC, in addition to two general questions. The MIS-EC demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.79 for the Child Impact section and 0.53 for the Family Impact section), and excellent test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.94), floor effect was 55.7% and ceiling effect 0%. MIS-EC scores indicating worse OHRQoL were significantly associated with the presence of malocclusion (p < 0.05). The MIS-EC is reliable and valid for assessing the impact of malocclusion on the OHRQoL of preschool children and their parents/caregivers.

O potencial das plantas medicinais para o tratamento de doenças é conhecido há muito tempo. A vasta flora brasileira promoveu a descoberta de muitos medicamentos. Muitas pessoas têm uma predileção pelo uso de plantas medicinais no Brasil. Em Roraima, plantas medicinais são frequentemente usadas nas comunidades locais para o tratamento de doenças tropicais, como a malária. Pectis elongata Kunth pertence à família Asteraceae e é conhecido como "cuminho-bravo", "alecrim" e "alecrim-bravo". É usado medicinalmente pelas comunidades tradicionais para dores de estômago, cãibras, hipertensão, gripe e resfriado comum. Este trabalho teve como objetivo identificar os constituintes do óleo essencial de P. elongata Kunth para determinar suas atividades e toxicidade antimicrobiana, anticolinesterásica e antioxidante. As partes aéreas frescas de P. elongata Kunth foram coletadas no campus da Universidade Federal de Roraima - UFRR Cauamé. Através de um sistema de hidrodestilação, o óleo essencial foi extraído, o rendimento calculado e os constituintes químicos foram identificados por GC-MS e GC-FID. Em seguida, a atividade anticolinesterase foi medida pelo teste de Ellman, a atividade antibacteriana foi determinada pelo método de diluição da microplaca e a atividade antioxidante foi determinada pelo método DPPH. Onze mono- e sesquiterpenos foram identificados, sendo o principal composto geranial (50,3%), seguido por neral (35,2%), acetato de geranil (2,6%), linalol (1,8%) e acetato de carvil (1,6%). Os compostos geranial e neral são estereoisômeros e, juntos, são denominados citral. Na avaliação da atividade antibacteriana, o óleo essencial de P. elongata Kunth apresentou a maior inibição contra Candida albicans (ATCC 18804), Bacillus cereus (ATCC 11778) e Listeria monocytogenes (ATCC 15313). Não foi observada atividade antibacteriana contra Citrobacter freundii (ATCC 8090) e Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) na concentração de 250 μL/mL. A atividade antioxidante (DPPH) do óleo apresentou um valor de CE50 de 21.644,72 μg/mL, valor muito superior ao obtido para os padrões quercetina (64,13 μg/mL) e ácido ascórbico (98,35 μg/mL). Portanto, o potencial de atividade antioxidante não foi detectado. O óleo apresentava um LD50 de 24,06 μg/mL para o teste contra Artemia salina e, portanto, pode ser considerado altamente tóxico (DL50

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate whether the carbohydrate-restricted diet leads to higher levels of food cravings in individuals with binge eating. Methods A total of 146 individuals with binge eating participated in the Low-Carb Diet Group (n=48) and Control Group (n=98). The Binge Eating Scale, Hay’s questionnaire, Food Cravings Questionnaire - Trait and State, Cognitive restraint subscale and its adapted version for the cognitive restraint toward carbohydrates, were used as measures. Parametric tests were used for comparison between groups (Student’s t test), and Pearson’s correlation test to verify correlations between variables of interest. Results No differences were found between groups with and without diet concerning the level of binge eating or food craving total score. The differences found were the higher levels of cognitive restraint (p=0.01), cognitive restraint for carbohydrates (p=0.01) and subscales of ‘guilt about food craving’ (p=0.04) in the Low-Carb Diet Group. Conclusion Individuals with binge eating and a history of low-carb diet have greater cognitive restraint toward carbohydrates and association with altered eating attitudes (guilt about food craving).

Abstract Motivation for teaching is key in the establishment and further development of high-quality higher education, as it affects teachers’ investment in quality learning experiences for their students, as well as institutional efficacy and well-being. This study aimed to validate a questionnaire, originally developed in Belgium, designed to evaluate three dimensions (self-efficacy, interest, and effort) of intrinsic motivation for teaching for a different national population. The sample consisted of 616 academics working in public higher education institutions in Portugal. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted and internal consistency of items analyzed. The results show that the original dimensionality of the construct is confirmed in the Portuguese teachers’ sample. Motivation for teaching in the Portuguese context is primarily explained by the following factors: personal efficacy, interest in the task, and effort placed on teaching responsibilities. A difference was found in that personal efficacy could not be divided in context and general personal efficacy.

Este artigo tem por proposta discutir a funcionalidade de uma coleção de garrafas de vidro que foram recuperadas do Galeão Santíssimo Sacramento afundado em 05 de maio de 1666 no litoral da cidade de Salvador, Bahia. Os artefatos, em questão, apresentam bases quadradas e são chamadas na bibliografia especializada de “case bottle”. O texto apresenta algumas características morfológicas e tecnológicas dessas garrafas, bem como traça paralelos com outras coleções recuperadas de outros naufrágios. Foram discutidos os possíveis conteúdos que elas teriam armazenado ao longo da viagem, bem como contextualiza os hábitos, as crenças e os costumes que estariam associados a esses conteúdos e, ao final, apresenta uma reflexão sobre o uso do termo “case bottle”.