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In Swedish child welfare, there are no mandatory guidelines on what interventions to use. Local authorities are able to set their own criteria for implementing or designing interventions. We carried out a survey to identify interventions in use in Children's Social Services and Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Care in Sweden. A total of 102 interventions were stated to have been in use, with between 31 and 45 different interventions for each of the four different child welfare populations. Of the 102 interventions, 56 were designed outside Sweden and later imported. Only 27 interventions were supported with some kind of research evidence. About half of the interventions targeted the child. Possible implications for practice and research are discussed.

Syftet med studien är att utifrån Gérard Genettes begrepp ”paratext” undersöka betydelsen av bokomslaget för åtta gymnasielevers lässtimulans och förväntningar på romaners huvudtexter. Vidare anammas ett intermedialt perspektiv för att belysa hur olika medier samspelar. Första delen i metoden består av att eleverna väljer en av totalt sex böcker. Därefter följer två elevgruppsintervjuer där eleverna motiverar varför de valt en viss bok för att sedan tolka omslagen. Nästa steg i metoden utgörs av fyra paratextanalyser baserat på elevernas val av romaner: Glaskupan av Sylvia Plath (1974), Miss Peregrines hem för besynnerliga barn av Ransom Riggs (2016), Pojken som kallades det av Dave Pelzer (2016) och Den gröna cirkeln av Stefan Casta (2010). Resultatet visar att eleverna uppmärksammar bildmotivet först, därefter titeln och slutligen läser baksidestexten. Eleverna menar att det är viktigt att handlingen motsvarar förväntningarna de får från omslaget. Avgörande för bokvalet är också genren, men för att de ska välja bok måste baksidestexten locka till läsning. Vidare blir omslagen mer lättillgängliga för tolkning om det finns figurativa fotografier på framsidan samt konkret beskrivande titlar, undertitlar och baksidestexter. Ur ett intermedialt perspektiv drar eleverna också paralleller mellan omslagen och filmmediet. Övergripande visar resultaten av mina analyser att omslagens alla element, bildmotiv, titlar, undertitlar, författarnamn och recensioner et cetera, ger föraningar om romanens handling och genre och blir begriplig först när de ställs i förhållande till varandra. Avslutningsvis kommer jag fram till att paratextanalysen, det vill säga att tolka bokomslag, kan fungera tidsbesparande genom att integrera den med andra moment i undervisningen samtidigt som det är ett instrument för att stimulera och främja elevernas läslust.

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of noninstitutional psychosocial interventions in preventing recidivism among criminal adolescents. Method: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials assessing the impact on recidivism among juveniles aged 12–17. The included studies had a low to medium risk of bias and were published between 2000 and 2019. Standardized mean differences or risk differences were calculated. Results: We included 35 (20 randomized, 15 nonrandomized) studies evaluating 17 unique, noninstitutional psychosocial interventions. A meta-analysis found no significant reductions in recidivism for studied interventions compared to control conditions. Although single studies suggested some positive effects, the evidence provided by these studies was found to have very low certainty. Post hoc analyses indicated that studies including a low-intensity control condition might have stronger relative intervention effects compared to studies with medium or high-intensity control conditions. Conclusion: This systematic review did not find any one noninstitutional psychosocial intervention to be more effective than control treatments in reducing future criminality among juvenile offenders aged 12–17. We discuss the implications of the present findings for social work and child and adolescent psychiatry practices.

Studien syftar till att undersöka på vilka sätt verksamma lärare i samhällsorienterande ämnen använder sig av bilder i Powerpoint-presentationer: hur bilderna framhävs och om de används tillsammans med eller i förhållande till skrift och tal. Vidare granskas skillnader och likheter som uppmärksammats bland deltagande lärarna. Intervjuerna ägde rum i Kronobergs län på två olika högstadieskolor. Lärarna observerades under ett undervisningstillfälle var där de använde sig av Powerpoint- presentationer. Efter avslutad lektion intervjuades respektive lärare om synen på att ha Powerpoint-presentationer som en del av undervisningen. Det framgick att båda lärarna anser att bilder bidrar och gör att alla elever kan gynnas i lärandet. Framförallt är bilder gynnsamt för elever med annat modersmål än svenska eller för de elever med andra svårigheter i undervisningen. Trots deras gemensamma syn på användandet av bilder i Powerpoint-presentationer så gick det att urskilja vissa skillnader; hur bilderna användes, antalet bilder och vilka typer av bilder som förekom.

The present study investigated how 96 children who have witnessed homicidal violence remember and report their experiences. The aims of the study were to describe the children's reporting pattern and to investigate background factors that could affect the children's reporting. Police interviews with the children were analysed regarding the amount and type of information reported, as well as frequency of denial, withholding and claims of memory loss. Results showed that the majority of children provided detailed reports about the homicidal violence they had witnessed, including critical details about the abuse. Results also revealed that the child's relationship to the perpetrator or the victim did not affect the children's reporting pattern, indicating that the children's willingness to report exceeds strong impact factors such as loyalty conflicts. These findings are applicable in different legal contexts dealing with child witnesses and can be used as guidance when interviewing children and evaluating their testimony., AuthorCount:4

The present study examines prosecutors', child investigators', and plaintiff aids' (i.e., important actors during alleged child sexual abuse [CSA] investigations) beliefs about children's testimonies. More specifically, the aim was to examine whether these experts agree (a) with praxis from, for example, the Supreme Court regarding the use of certain credibility criteria when evaluating the reliability of CSA reports; and/or (b) with findings from research on issues of child testimony. The participants (n = 206) were asked to rate how detailed, consistent, and spontaneous they believe children are in their CSA reports; the effects of exposure to repeated abuse; and to indicate their opinion on the optimal number of child interviews. Due to the low response rate, results can only be discussed in terms of possible indications, however, it is interesting to note that the experts had similar opinions on the issues investigated, opinions that were also rather in line with research findings on children's testimony. Although they receive support from the research, some of these opinions are not in line with recommendations made by the Supreme Court or the Pre-trial Order. More research is needed to further examine: (a) the reliability of the credibility criteria recommended by the Swedish Supreme Court; (b) how frequently the Swedish courts actually refer to these credibility criteria; and (c) different experts' (with different functions in the legal process) opinions on these criteria., AuthorCount:2

This chapter gives an overview of a number of central issuse related to childrens’ memories of traumatic events and child sexual abuse. Throughout is discussed and exemplified how theories and findings regarding devolpmental aspects and interviewing procedures may be applied in forensic contexts.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate how adolescent girls, who had been sexually (on- and off-line) deceived and abused by an Internet hebephile, reported about these acts. As we had access to documentation of 68 girls' conversations (i.e. chat logs) and involvement with the perpetrator, we were able to gauge what the victims reported during the police interview against this detailed documentation. In contrast with findings from previous research, the majority of victims reported about the off-line activities (real-life meetings) with the perpetrator. However, the victims omitted and/or denied more of the on-line activities, specifically the more severe sexual on-line acts (sending nude photos and participating in sexual web shows). There is probably a gap between what the victims reported and what they presumably remembered about the oil-line activities. Factors that might have affected the victims' pattern of reports are discussed., authorCount :3