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2. Automated Assessment in Computer Science Education: A State-of-the-Art Review

Author

Paiva, José Carlos, Leal, José Paulo, and Figueira, Álvaro

Abstract

Practical programming competencies are critical to the success in computer science (CS) education and go-to-market of fresh graduates. Acquiring the required level of skills is a long journey of discovery, trial and error, and optimization seeking through a broad range of programming activities that learners must perform themselves. It is not reasonable to consider that teachers could evaluate all attempts that the average learner should develop multiplied by the number of students enrolled in a course, much less in a timely, deep, and fair fashion. Unsurprisingly, exploring the formal structure of programs to automate the assessment of certain features has long been a hot topic among CS education practitioners. Assessing a program is considerably more complex than asserting its functional correctness, as the proliferation of tools and techniques in the literature over the past decades indicates. Program efficiency, behavior, and readability, among many other features, assessed either statically or dynamically, are now also relevant for automatic evaluation. The outcome of an evaluation evolved from the primordial Boolean values to information about errors and tips on how to advance, possibly taking into account similar solutions. This work surveys the state of the art in the automated assessment of CS assignments, focusing on the supported types of exercises, security measures adopted, testing techniques used, type of feedback produced, and the information they offer the teacher to understand and optimize learning. A new era of automated assessment, capitalizing on static analysis techniques and containerization, has been identified. Furthermore, this review presents several other findings from the conducted review, discusses the current challenges of the field, and proposes some future research directions.

Published
2022
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4. Summarization of Massive RDF Graphs Using Identifier Classification

Author

dos Santos, André Fernandes, Leal, José Paulo, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Ojeda-Aciego, Manuel, editor, Sauerwald, Kai, editor, and Jäschke, Robert, editor

Published
2023
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5. Automated Assessment in Computer Science: A Bibliometric Analysis of the Literature

Author

Paiva, José Carlos, Figueira, Álvaro, Leal, José Paulo, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, González-González, Carina S., editor, Fernández-Manjón, Baltasar, editor, Li, Frederick, editor, García-Peñalvo, Francisco José, editor, Sciarrone, Filippo, editor, Spaniol, Marc, editor, García-Holgado, Alicia, editor, Area-Moreira, Manuel, editor, Hemmje, Matthias, editor, and Hao, Tianyong, editor

Published
2023
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6. A Matching Algorithm to Assess Web Interfaces

Author

Leal, José Paulo, Primo, Marco, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, Guarda, Teresa, editor, Portela, Filipe, editor, and Augusto, Maria Fernanda, editor

Published
2022
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9. FGPE Gamification Service: A GraphQL Service to Gamify Online Education

Author

Paiva, José Carlos, Haraszczuk, Alicja, Queirós, Ricardo, Leal, José Paulo, Swacha, Jakub, Kosta, Sokol, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Pal, Nikhil R., Advisory Editor, Bello Perez, Rafael, Advisory Editor, Corchado, Emilio S., Advisory Editor, Hagras, Hani, Advisory Editor, Kóczy, László T., Advisory Editor, Kreinovich, Vladik, Advisory Editor, Lin, Chin-Teng, Advisory Editor, Lu, Jie, Advisory Editor, Melin, Patricia, Advisory Editor, Nedjah, Nadia, Advisory Editor, Nguyen, Ngoc Thanh, Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Rocha, Álvaro, editor, Adeli, Hojjat, editor, Dzemyda, Gintautas, editor, Moreira, Fernando, editor, and Ramalho Correia, Ana Maria, editor

Published
2021
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10. Authoring Game-Based Programming Challenges to Improve Students’ Motivation

Author

Paiva, José Carlos, Leal, José Paulo, Queirós, Ricardo, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Pal, Nikhil R., Advisory Editor, Bello Perez, Rafael, Advisory Editor, Corchado, Emilio S., Advisory Editor, Hagras, Hani, Advisory Editor, Kóczy, László T., Advisory Editor, Kreinovich, Vladik, Advisory Editor, Lin, Chin-Teng, Advisory Editor, Lu, Jie, Advisory Editor, Melin, Patricia, Advisory Editor, Nedjah, Nadia, Advisory Editor, Nguyen, Ngoc Thanh, Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Auer, Michael E., editor, and Tsiatsos, Thrasyvoulos, editor

Published
2020
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13. Improving Diagram Assessment in Mooshak

Author

Correia, Helder, Leal, José Paulo, Paiva, José Carlos, Barbosa, Simone Diniz Junqueira, Series Editor, Filipe, Joaquim, Series Editor, Kotenko, Igor, Series Editor, Sivalingam, Krishna M., Series Editor, Washio, Takashi, Series Editor, Yuan, Junsong, Series Editor, Zhou, Lizhu, Series Editor, Ras, Eric, editor, and Guerrero Roldán, Ana Elena, editor

Published
2018
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14. Fostering Students-Driven Learning of Computer Programming with an Ensemble of E-Learning Tools

Author

Queirós, Ricardo, Leal, José Paulo, Kacprzyk, Janusz, Series Editor, Pal, Nikhil R., Advisory Editor, Bello Perez, Rafael, Advisory Editor, Corchado, Emilio S., Advisory Editor, Hagras, Hani, Advisory Editor, Kóczy, László T., Advisory Editor, Kreinovich, Vladik, Advisory Editor, Lin, Chin-Teng, Advisory Editor, Lu, Jie, Advisory Editor, Melin, Patricia, Advisory Editor, Nedjah, Nadia, Advisory Editor, Nguyen, Ngoc Thanh, Advisory Editor, Wang, Jun, Advisory Editor, Rocha, Álvaro, editor, Adeli, Hojjat, editor, Reis, Luís Paulo, editor, and Costanzo, Sandra, editor

Published
2018
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15. Reducing Large Semantic Graphs to Improve Semantic Relatedness

Author

Costa, Teresa, Leal, José Paulo, Diniz Junqueira Barbosa, Simone, Series editor, Chen, Phoebe, Series editor, Du, Xiaoyong, Series editor, Filipe, Joaquim, Series editor, Kara, Orhun, Series editor, Kotenko, Igor, Series editor, Liu, Ting, Series editor, Sivalingam, Krishna M., Series editor, Washio, Takashi, Series editor, Sierra-Rodríguez, José-Luis, editor, Leal, José-Paulo, editor, and Simões, Alberto, editor

Published
2015
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16. Odin: A Service for Gamification of Learning Activities

Author

Paiva, José Carlos, Leal, José Paulo, Queirós, Ricardo, Diniz Junqueira Barbosa, Simone, Series editor, Chen, Phoebe, Series editor, Du, Xiaoyong, Series editor, Filipe, Joaquim, Series editor, Kara, Orhun, Series editor, Kotenko, Igor, Series editor, Liu, Ting, Series editor, Sivalingam, Krishna M., Series editor, Washio, Takashi, Series editor, Sierra-Rodríguez, José-Luis, editor, Leal, José-Paulo, editor, and Simões, Alberto, editor

Published
2015
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17. A Structural Approach to Assess Graph-Based Exercises

Author

Sousa, Rúben, Leal, José Paulo, Diniz Junqueira Barbosa, Simone, Series editor, Chen, Phoebe, Series editor, Du, Xiaoyong, Series editor, Filipe, Joaquim, Series editor, Kara, Orhun, Series editor, Kotenko, Igor, Series editor, Liu, Ting, Series editor, Sivalingam, Krishna M., Series editor, Washio, Takashi, Series editor, Sierra-Rodríguez, José-Luis, editor, Leal, José-Paulo, editor, and Simões, Alberto, editor

Published
2015
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19. Integrating Rich Learning Applications in LMS

Author

Queirós, Ricardo, Leal, José Paulo, Paiva, José Carlos, Huang, Ronghuai, Series editor, Kinshuk, Series editor, Jemni, Mohamed, Series editor, Chen, Nian-Shing, Series editor, Spector, J. Michael, Series editor, Li, Yanyan, editor, Chang, Maiga, editor, Kravcik, Milos, editor, and Popescu, Elvira, editor

Published
2016
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20. Semantic Measures: How Similar? How Related?

Author

Costa, Teresa, Leal, José Paulo, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Bozzon, Alessandro, editor, Cudre-Maroux, Philippe, editor, and Pautasso, Cesare, editor

Published
2016
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21. Narrative Extraction from Semantic Graphs (Short Paper)

Author

Daniil Lystopadskyi and André Santos and José Paulo Leal, Lystopadskyi, Daniil, Santos, André, Leal, José Paulo, Daniil Lystopadskyi and André Santos and José Paulo Leal, Lystopadskyi, Daniil, Santos, André, and Leal, José Paulo

Abstract

This paper proposes an interactive approach for narrative extraction from semantic graphs. The proposed approach extracts events from RDF triples, maps them to their corresponding attributes, and assembles them into a chronological sequence to form narrative graphs. The approach is evaluated on the Wikidata graph and achieves promising results in terms of narrative quality and coherence. The paper also discusses several avenues for future work, including the integration of machine learning, graph embedding methods and the exploration of advanced techniques for attention-based narrative labeling and semantic role labeling. Overall, the proposed method offers a promising approach to narrative extraction from semantic graphs and has the potential to be useful in various applications, including chatbots, conversational agents, and content creation tools.

Published
2023
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22. Automated Assessment of Simple Web Applications (Short Paper)

Author

Luís Maia Costa and José Paulo Leal and Ricardo Queirós, Costa, Luís Maia, Leal, José Paulo, Queirós, Ricardo, Luís Maia Costa and José Paulo Leal and Ricardo Queirós, Costa, Luís Maia, Leal, José Paulo, and Queirós, Ricardo

Abstract

Web programming education is an important component of modern computer science curricula. Assessing students’ web programming skills can be time-consuming and challenging for educators. This paper introduces Webpal, an automated assessment tool for web programming exercises in entry-level courses. Webpal evaluates web applications coded in HTML, CSS, and Javascript, and provides feedback to students. This tool integrates with Virtual Learning Environments (VLEs) through an API, allowing the creation, storage, and access to exercises while assessing student attempts based on the created exercises. The evaluation process comprises various subcomponents: static assessment, interface matching, functional testing, and feedback management. This approach aims to provide feedback that helps students overcome their challenges in web programming assignments. This paper also presents a demo showcasing the tool’s features and functionality in a simulated VLE environment.

Published
2023
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23. Can a Content Management System Provide a Good User Experience to Teachers? (Short Paper)

Author

Yannik Bauer and José Paulo Leal and Ricardo Queirós, Bauer, Yannik, Leal, José Paulo, Queirós, Ricardo, Yannik Bauer and José Paulo Leal and Ricardo Queirós, Bauer, Yannik, Leal, José Paulo, and Queirós, Ricardo

Abstract

The paper discusses an ongoing project that aims to enhance the UX of teachers while using e-learning systems. Specifically, the project focuses on developing the teacher’s user interface (UI) for Agni, a web-based code playground for learning JavaScript. The goal is to design an intuitive UI with valuable features that will encourage more teachers to use the system. To achieve this goal, the paper explores the use of a headless Content Management System (CMS) called Strapi. The primary research question the paper seeks to answer is whether a headless CMS, specifically Strapi, can provide a good UX to teachers. A usability evaluation of the built-in Strapi UI for content creation and management reveals it to be generally consistent and user-friendly but challenging and unintuitive to create courses with programming exercises. As a result, the decision was made to develop a new teacher’s UI based on the existing Agni UI for students in an editable version. Once the development is complete, a new usability evaluation of the fully developed teacher’s UI will be conducted with the Strapi UI evaluation as a baseline for comparison.

Published
2023
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25. A Survey of E-learning Content Aggregation Standards

Author

Queirós, Ricardo, Leal, José Paulo, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Cao, Yiwei, editor, Väljataga, Terje, editor, Tang, Jeff K.T., editor, Leung, Howard, editor, and Laanpere, Mart, editor

Published
2014
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26. A Survey on eLearning Content Standardization

Author

Queirós, Ricardo, Leal, José Paulo, Lytras, Miltiadis D., editor, Ruan, Da, editor, Tennyson, Robert D., editor, Ordonez De Pablos, Patricia, editor, García Peñalvo, Francisco José, editor, and Rusu, Lazar, editor

Published
2013
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27. Automatic Generation and Delivery of Multiple-Choice Math Quizzes

Author

Tomás, Ana Paula, Leal, José Paulo, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, and Schulte, Christian, editor

Published
2013
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28. Integration of ePortfolios in Learning Management Systems

Author

Queirós, Ricardo, Oliveira, Lino, Leal, José Paulo, Moreira, Fernando, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Murgante, Beniamino, editor, Gervasi, Osvaldo, editor, Iglesias, Andrés, editor, Taniar, David, editor, and Apduhan, Bernady O., editor

Published
2011
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29. Modelling Text File Evaluation Processes

Author

Leal, José Paulo, Queirós, Ricardo, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Luo, Xiangfeng, editor, Cao, Yiwei, editor, Yang, Bo, editor, Liu, Jianxun, editor, and Ye, Feiyue, editor

Published
2011
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31. Specifying a Programming Exercises Evaluation Service on the e-Framework

Author

Leal, José Paulo, Queirós, Ricardo, Ferreira, Duarte, Hutchison, David, Series editor, Kanade, Takeo, Series editor, Kittler, Josef, Series editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., Series editor, Mattern, Friedemann, Series editor, Mitchell, John C., Series editor, Naor, Moni, Series editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, Series editor, Pandu Rangan, C., Series editor, Steffen, Bernhard, Series editor, Sudan, Madhu, Series editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, Series editor, Tygar, Doug, Series editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., Series editor, Weikum, Gerhard, Series editor, Luo, Xiangfeng, editor, Spaniol, Marc, editor, Wang, Lizhe, editor, Li, Qing, editor, Nejdl, Wolfgang, editor, and Zhang, Wu, editor

Published
2010
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34. A Web Application for Mathematics Education

Author

Tomás, Ana Paula, Leal, José Paulo, Domingues, Marcos Aurélio, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Leung, Howard, editor, Li, Frederick, editor, Lau, Rynson, editor, and Li, Qing, editor

Published
2008
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35. Rapid Development of Web Interfaces to Heterogeneous Systems

Author

Leal, José Paulo, Domingues, Marcos Aurélio, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Rangan, C. Pandu, editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, van Leeuwen, Jan, editor, Italiano, Giuseppe F., editor, van der Hoek, Wiebe, editor, Meinel, Christoph, editor, Sack, Harald, editor, and Plášil, František, editor

Published
2007
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36. Extreme Adaptivity

Author

Alves, Mário Amado, Jorge, Alípio, Leal, José Paulo, Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Dough, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, De Bra, Paul M. E., editor, and Nejdl, Wolfgang, editor

Published
2004
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39. Large Semantic Graph Summarization Using Namespaces

Author

Ana Rita Santos Lopes da Costa and André Santos and José Paulo Leal, da Costa, Ana Rita Santos Lopes, Santos, André, Leal, José Paulo, Ana Rita Santos Lopes da Costa and André Santos and José Paulo Leal, da Costa, Ana Rita Santos Lopes, Santos, André, and Leal, José Paulo

Abstract

We propose an approach to summarize large semantics graphs using namespaces. Semantic graphs based on the Resource Description Framework (RDF) use namespaces on their serializations. Although these namespaces are not part of RDF semantics, they have intrinsic meaning. Based on this insight, we use namespaces to create summary graphs of reduced size, more amenable to be visualized. In the summarization, object literals are also reduced to their data type and the blank nodes to a group of their own. The visualization created for the summary graph aims to give insight of the original large graph. This paper describes the proposed approach and reports on the results obtained with representative large semantic graphs.

Published
2022
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40. Generation of Document Type Exercises for Automated Assessment

Author

José Paulo Leal and Ricardo Queirós and Marco Primo, Leal, José Paulo, Queirós, Ricardo, Primo, Marco, José Paulo Leal and Ricardo Queirós and Marco Primo, Leal, José Paulo, Queirós, Ricardo, and Primo, Marco

Abstract

This paper describes ongoing research to develop a system to automatically generate exercises on document type validation. It aims to support multiple text-based document formalisms, currently including JSON and XML. Validation of JSON documents uses JSON Schema and validation of XML uses both XML Schema and DTD. The exercise generator receives as input a document type and produces two sets of documents: valid and invalid instances. Document types written by students must validate the former and invalidate the latter. Exercises produced by this generator can be automatically accessed in a state-of-the-art assessment system. This paper details the proposed approach and describes the design of the system currently being implemented.

Published
2022
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41. A Roadmap to Convert Educational Web Applications into LTI Tools

Author

José Paulo Leal and Ricardo Queirós and Pedro Ferreirinha and Jakub Swacha, Leal, José Paulo, Queirós, Ricardo, Ferreirinha, Pedro, Swacha, Jakub, José Paulo Leal and Ricardo Queirós and Pedro Ferreirinha and Jakub Swacha, Leal, José Paulo, Queirós, Ricardo, Ferreirinha, Pedro, and Swacha, Jakub

Abstract

This paper proposes a roadmap to integrate existing educational web applications into the ecosystem based on a learning management system. To achieve this integration, applications must support the Learning Tools Interoperability specification in the role of tool provider. The paper starts with an overview of the evolution of this specification, emphasizing the main features of the current stable version. Then, it proposes a set of design goals and milestones to guide the adaptation process. The proposed roadmap was validated with existing applications. This paper reports on the challenges faced to apply it in these concrete cases.

Published
2022
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42. Integration of Computer Science Assessment into Learning Management Systems with JuezLTI

Author

Juan V. Carrillo and Alberto Sierra and José Paulo Leal and Ricardo Queirós and Salvador Pellicer and Marco Primo, Carrillo, Juan V., Sierra, Alberto, Leal, José Paulo, Queirós, Ricardo, Pellicer, Salvador, Primo, Marco, Juan V. Carrillo and Alberto Sierra and José Paulo Leal and Ricardo Queirós and Salvador Pellicer and Marco Primo, Carrillo, Juan V., Sierra, Alberto, Leal, José Paulo, Queirós, Ricardo, Pellicer, Salvador, and Primo, Marco

Abstract

Computer science is a skill that will continue to be in high demand in the foreseeable future. Despite this trend, automated assessment in computer science is often hampered by the lack of systems supporting a wide range of topics. While there is a number of open software systems and programming exercise collections supporting automated assessment, up to this date, there are few systems that offer a diversity of exercises ranging from computer programming exercises to markup and databases languages. At the same time, most of the best-of-breed solutions force teachers and students to alternate between the Learning Management System - a pivotal piece of the e-learning ecosystem - and the tool providing the exercises. This issue is addressed by JuezLTI, an international project whose goal is to create an innovative tool to allow the automatic assessment of exercises in a wide range of computer science topics. These topics include different languages used in computer science for programming, markup, and database management. JuezLTI borrows part of its name from the IMS Learning Tools Interoperability (IMS LTI) standard. With this standard, the tool will interoperate with reference systems such as Moodle, Sakai, Canvas, or Blackboard, among many others. Another contribution of JuezLTI will be a pool of exercises. Interoperability and content are expected to foster the adoption of JuezLTI by many institutions. This paper presents the JuezLTI project, its architecture, and its main components.

Published
2022
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43. A Roadmap to Convert Educational Web Applications into LTI Tools

Author

Leal, José Paulo, Queirós, Ricardo, Ferreirinha, Pedro, and Swacha, Jakub

Subjects
Applied computing → E-learning, programming exercises, automatic assessment, Applied computing → Computer-managed instruction, Applied computing → Interactive learning environments, interoperability, programming
Abstract

This paper proposes a roadmap to integrate existing educational web applications into the ecosystem based on a learning management system. To achieve this integration, applications must support the Learning Tools Interoperability specification in the role of tool provider. The paper starts with an overview of the evolution of this specification, emphasizing the main features of the current stable version. Then, it proposes a set of design goals and milestones to guide the adaptation process. The proposed roadmap was validated with existing applications. This paper reports on the challenges faced to apply it in these concrete cases., OASIcs, Vol. 102, Third International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2022), pages 12:1-12:12

Published
2022
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44. Integration of Computer Science Assessment into Learning Management Systems with JuezLTI

Author

Carrillo, Juan V., Sierra, Alberto, Leal, José Paulo, Queirós, Ricardo, Pellicer, Salvador, and Primo, Marco

Subjects
Applied computing → E-learning, programming exercises, automatic assessment, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, Applied computing → Computer-managed instruction, Applied computing → Interactive learning environments, interoperability, programming
Abstract

Computer science is a skill that will continue to be in high demand in the foreseeable future. Despite this trend, automated assessment in computer science is often hampered by the lack of systems supporting a wide range of topics. While there is a number of open software systems and programming exercise collections supporting automated assessment, up to this date, there are few systems that offer a diversity of exercises ranging from computer programming exercises to markup and databases languages. At the same time, most of the best-of-breed solutions force teachers and students to alternate between the Learning Management System - a pivotal piece of the e-learning ecosystem - and the tool providing the exercises. This issue is addressed by JuezLTI, an international project whose goal is to create an innovative tool to allow the automatic assessment of exercises in a wide range of computer science topics. These topics include different languages used in computer science for programming, markup, and database management. JuezLTI borrows part of its name from the IMS Learning Tools Interoperability (IMS LTI) standard. With this standard, the tool will interoperate with reference systems such as Moodle, Sakai, Canvas, or Blackboard, among many others. Another contribution of JuezLTI will be a pool of exercises. Interoperability and content are expected to foster the adoption of JuezLTI by many institutions. This paper presents the JuezLTI project, its architecture, and its main components., OASIcs, Vol. 102, Third International Computer Programming Education Conference (ICPEC 2022), pages 9:1-9:8

Published
2022
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45. Large Semantic Graph Summarization Using Namespaces

Author

da Costa, Ana Rita Santos Lopes, Santos, André, and Leal, José Paulo

Subjects
namespaces, Information systems → Resource Description Framework (RDF), Semantic graph, Information systems → Summarization, reification, RDF
Abstract

We propose an approach to summarize large semantics graphs using namespaces. Semantic graphs based on the Resource Description Framework (RDF) use namespaces on their serializations. Although these namespaces are not part of RDF semantics, they have intrinsic meaning. Based on this insight, we use namespaces to create summary graphs of reduced size, more amenable to be visualized. In the summarization, object literals are also reduced to their data type and the blank nodes to a group of their own. The visualization created for the summary graph aims to give insight of the original large graph. This paper describes the proposed approach and reports on the results obtained with representative large semantic graphs., OASIcs, Vol. 104, 11th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2022), pages 12:1-12:9

Published
2022
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46. Generation of Document Type Exercises for Automated Assessment

Author

Leal, José Paulo, Queirós, Ricardo, and Primo, Marco

Subjects
Information systems → Web data description languages, exercise generation, Applied computing → Computer-assisted instruction, document type assessment, automated assessment, Information systems → Information storage systems, Information systems → Extensible Markup Language (XML)
Abstract

This paper describes ongoing research to develop a system to automatically generate exercises on document type validation. It aims to support multiple text-based document formalisms, currently including JSON and XML. Validation of JSON documents uses JSON Schema and validation of XML uses both XML Schema and DTD. The exercise generator receives as input a document type and produces two sets of documents: valid and invalid instances. Document types written by students must validate the former and invalidate the latter. Exercises produced by this generator can be automatically accessed in a state-of-the-art assessment system. This paper details the proposed approach and describes the design of the system currently being implemented., OASIcs, Vol. 104, 11th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2022), pages 4:1-4:6

Published
2022
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49. Ensemble

Author

Queirós, Ricardo, primary and Leal, José Paulo, additional

Published
2015
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