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Teaching point: Tracheal diverticulosis is a rare and benign disorder, characterized by single or multiple tracheal wall outpouchings, either congenital or acquired, usually diagnosed incidentally on chest high‑resolution computed tomography, and in general remaining asymptomatic., Competing Interests: The authors have no competing interests to declare., (Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s).)

Based on results of clinical trials, completion ALND (cALND) is frequently not performed for patients with breast conservation therapy and one or two involved sentinel nodes (SN) by micro- or macro-metastases. However, there were limitations despite a conclusion of non-inferiority for cALND omission. No trial had included patients with SN macro-metastases and total mastectomy or with >2 SN macro-metastases. The aim of the study was too analyze treatment delivered and pathologic results of patients included in SERC trial. SERC trial is a multicenter randomized non-inferiority phase-3 trial comparing no cALND with cALND in cT0-1-2, cN0 patients with SN ITC (isolated tumor cells) or micro-metastases or macro-metastases, mastectomy or breast conservative surgery. We randomized 1855 patients, 929 to receive cALND and 926 SLNB alone. No significant differences in patient's and tumor characteristics, type of surgery, and adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) were observed between the two arms. Rates of involved SN nodes by ITC, micro-metastases, and macro-metastases were 5.91%, 28.12%, and 65.97%, respectively, without significant difference between two arms for all criteria. In multivariate analysis, two factors were associated with higher positive non-SN rate: no AC versus AC administered after ALND (OR = 3.32, p < 0.0001) and >2 involved SN versus ≤2 (OR = 3.45, p = 0.0258). Crude rates of positive NSN were 17.62% (74/420) and 26.45% (73/276) for patient's eligible and non-eligible to ACOSOG-Z0011 trial. No significant differences in patient's and tumor characteristics and treatment delivered were observed between the two arms. Higher positive-NSN rate was observed for patients with AC performed after ALND (17.65% for SN micro-metastases, 35.22% for SN macro-metastases) in comparison with AC administered before ALND., (© 2021. The Author(s).)

Introduction: Microinvasive in situ ductal carcinomas of the breast are rare and of good prognosis. They are grouped with early stage invasive carcinomas in the TNM 2017 classification. This study assessed practitioners' treatment decisions and their justifications in comparison to the literature., Materials and Methods: Three clinical cases were evaluated by anonymous forms regarding sentinel node decisions, tumour bed boost irradiation and hormone therapy., Results: Sentinel lymph node was performed by 93.1%, 100% and 44.4% of the practitioners respectively. Radiation boost was a treatment option chosen by 62.1% and 61.1% of practitioners in both clinical cases. Hormone therapy was advocated for 65.5%, 94.7% and 50.0% patients depending on the clinical case., Conclusion: The therapeutic attitude proposed in microinvasive breast carcinomas was heterogeneous in this study, reflecting the absence of specific recommendations. In view of the existing literature, it is not currently possible to propose recommendations for these three therapeutic options. Prospective cohorts and meta-analyses of the microinvasive subgroup could provide answers., (Copyright © 2019 Société Française du Cancer. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: Endoscopy is a key tool in the diagnosis and management planning of peritoneal carcinomatosis. The aim of this study was to determine which type of endoscope is the most efficient for comprehensive staging of the upper abdomen peritoneal surface., Methods: From April 2010 to February 2011, endoscopies were performed on five human female fresh-frozen cadavers. Three endoscopes (rigid 0°, 30° and flexible) were used consecutively and compared., Results: The diaphragmatic areas explored with the flexible endoscope were significantly larger than those with the other two. On average, 135 (range 66-225), 168 (range 96-306), and 201 (range 128-399)cm(2) were observed using the 0°, 30°, and flexible laparoscopes, respectively. The p value obtained using the exact Wilcoxon test for paired data was 0.0019 between the 0° and 30° endoscopes and between the 30° and flexible endoscopes. The 30° endoscope was consistently better than the 0° endoscope for the observation of the diaphragm and spleen undersurface., Conclusion: Flexible endoscopy seemed to be the most efficient for the evaluation of peritoneal carcinomatosis. However, due to a poorer image, the need for considerable practice, and the high equipment and maintenance cost of the flexible endoscope, the rigid 30° endoscope seems to be the best compromise., (Copyright © 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)