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12 results on '"León-Cruz, José Francisco"'

5. Spatiotemporal Characterization of Instability Indices Associated with Thunderstorms in Mexico.

Author

León-Cruz, José Francisco, Caetano, Ernesto, Dominguez, Christian, Cortés-Ramos, Jorge, Méndez-Pérez, Juan M., Jaramillo, Alejandro, and Molero, Francisco

Subjects
*EMERGENCY management, *THUNDERSTORM forecasting, *WEATHER, *WIND damage, *TROPICAL conditions, *THUNDERSTORMS
Abstract

Thunderstorms are known to have the potential to cause damage to the population. In Mexico, these weather events can bring threats such as lightning, hail, damaging winds, and even tornadoes. Various parameters and indices have been developed for mid‐latitude regions to improve forecasting and reduce the potential damage from thunderstorms; however, they do not consider the specific conditions of tropical and subtropical environments. This research used a comprehensive set of thunderstorm reports and the proximity‐sounding approach using ERA5 reanalysis data to examine five important instability indices commonly used for thunderstorm forecasting regarding their spatial and temporal characteristics. The results reveal significant variations in the values of the instability indices during thunderstorm events associated with different atmospheric systems in both the high‐activity and low‐activity seasons. The above suggests that no single index can reliably predict thunderstorms throughout Mexico and during all seasons. Analyses provide forecasters with a more comprehensive understanding of the various atmospheric conditions under which thunderstorms develop in the country, which can lead to more accurate forecasting and better disaster risk management for these natural phenomena. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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12. Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Deep Convection Observed along the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt

Author

León-Cruz, José Francisco, Carbajal Henken, Cintia, Carbajal, Noel, and Fischer, Jürgen

Subjects
complex terrain, associated severe weather, MODIS, 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie, lcsh:Q, precipitation, lcsh:Science, deep convection, CHIRPS
Abstract

Complex terrain features - in particular, environmental conditions, high population density and potential socio-economic damage - make the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB) of particular interest regarding the study of deep convection and related severe weather. In this research, 10 years of Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) cloud observations are combined with Climate Hazards Group Infrared Precipitation with Station (CHIRPS) rainfall data to characterize the spatio-temporal distribution of deep convective clouds (DCCs) and their relationship to extreme precipitation. From monthly distributions, wet and dry phases are identified for cloud fraction, deep convective cloud frequency and convective precipitation. For both DCC and extreme precipitation events, the highest frequencies align just over the higher elevations of the TMVB. A clear relationship between DCCs and terrain features, indicating the important role of orography in the development of convective systems, is noticed. For three sub-regions, the observed distributions of deep convective cloud and extreme precipitation events are assessed in more detail. Each sub-region exhibits different local conditions, including terrain features, and are known to be influenced differently by emerging moisture fluxes from the Gulf of Mexico and the Pacific Ocean. The observed distinct spatio-temporal variabilities provide the first insights into the physical processes that control the convective development in the study area. A signal of the midsummer drought in Mexico (i.e., “canícula”) is recognized using MODIS monthly mean cloud observations.

Published
2021

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