9 results on '"Lazzarini SM"'
Search Results
2. Total Mercury Content in the Tissues of Freshwater Chelonium ( Podocnemis expansa ) and a Human Health Risk Assessment for the Amazon Population in Brazil.
- Author
-
Targino FJ, Ribeiro JDN, Simões JS, Carneiro CS, Lazzarini SM, Souza AR, Ferreira MDS, Mano SB, and Mársico ET
- Subjects
- Humans, Animals, Brazil, Environmental Monitoring methods, Risk Assessment, Gold, Fresh Water, Fishes, Mercury analysis, Turtles, Water Pollutants, Chemical analysis
- Abstract
Researchers recognize the silent, negative and deleterious effects caused by mercury pollution in gold mining areas. Freshwater turtles are culturally part of the diet of riverside populations in the Amazon region and this area presents mercury (Hg) pollution issues mainly due to gold mining activities. Thus, this research aimed to evaluate the total mercury (THg) content in the different organs of Amazonian giant river turtle ( Podocnemis expansa ) and carry out a human health risk assessment associated with the consumption of these animals. This study was conducted in the Vila Balbina, municipality of Presidente Figueiredo, state of Amazonas, Brazil. Skin ( n = 28), muscle ( n = 19) and brain ( n = 2) samples were analyzed by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (TDA-AAS) and a DMA-80™ mercury analyzer was used for the total mercury determinations. The average values found for THg in the skin, muscle and brain samples were, respectively, 0.1045 mg·kg
-1 , 0.1092 mg·kg-1 and 0.0601 mg·kg-1 . Thus, THg was observed even though the P. expansa were kept in captivity, possibly due to previous contamination by air, water and food. The Hazard Quotient (HQ) was calculated considering a 9.07 g·day-1 intake dose of P. expansa and the consumption of turtles once a week showed an HQ = 2.45, which may cause long-term injuries to human health. Although the muscle concentrations were below the maximum limit established by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Brazilian regulatory agencies, it is important to evaluate consumption factors such as amount ingested, frequency and animal gender, which may cause a potential risk to regular consumers due to mercury bioaccumulation. The WHO may consider various aspects in order to warn the Amazon population about the severity and silent hazard of this metal, especially due to the importance of this matrix in the region. This region urgently needs government actions to inhibit clandestine mining and to prevent future serious, chronic health problems of the entire population.- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Study of inorganic elements in different organs and tissues of Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis) from Brazil.
- Author
-
da Silva Júnior FJTM, Ribeiro JDN, da Silva HLA, da Silva Carneiro C, de Jesus EFO, de Araújo UB, Lazzarini SM, Souza AR, Simões JS, Lopes RT, Dos Anjos MJ, da Silva Ferreira M, and Mársico ET
- Subjects
- Animals, Brazil, Mammals, Mercury, Trace Elements, Trichechus inunguis physiology
- Abstract
Multielement concentrations (P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, Rb, and Rh) and total mercury (T-Hg) were analyzed in different organs and tissues of Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis). Samples of 27 T. inunguis specimens, maintained in the collection of the Amazonian Center for the Research and Preservation of Aquatic Mammals, were used, situated in an area highly impacted by gold mining in the northern region of the Brazilian Amazon. Samples of aquatic plants used as food by the animals were also analyzed. The elements S, Cl, K, Cr, and Mn accumulated mainly in the musculature, while Fe and Cu were more concentrated in the liver. Trace elements, such as rubidium (Rb) and rhodium (Rh), not previously reported in the organs of animals of the family Trichechidae, were also identified. The averages for T-Hg in the skin, muscle, encephalon, liver, kidney, and lung samples were, respectively, 0.1540 ± 0.1332, 0.0593 ± 0.1044, 0.0517 ± 0.0467, 0.0486 ± 0.0543, 0.0237 ± 0.0336, and 0.0013 ± 0.0032 µg.g
-1 . The values obtained for the vibrissae samples were below the limit of quantification, which allows for the conclusion that this tissue cannot be used as a contamination marker. It was observed that even when kept in a conservation breeding site, these animals were exposed to non-essential trace elements. Differences in the accumulation of elements were observed between the different organs and tissues analyzed. The presence of contaminants in animals that live in a preservation center, even at low levels, deserves attention., (© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Antifungal Resistance and Virulence Among Candida spp. from Captive Amazonian manatees and West Indian Manatees: Potential Impacts on Animal and Environmental Health.
- Author
-
Sidrim JJ, Carvalho VL, de Souza Collares Maia Castelo-Branco D, Brilhante RS, de Melo Guedes GM, Barbosa GR, Lazzarini SM, Oliveira DC, de Meirelles AC, Attademo FL, da Bôaviagem Freire AC, de Aquino Pereira-Neto W, de Aguiar Cordeiro R, Moreira JL, and Rocha MF
- Subjects
- Animals, Brazil, Environmental Health, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Virulence, Candida pathogenicity, Trichechus manatus parasitology
- Abstract
This work aimed at evaluating the antifungal susceptibility and production of virulence factors by Candida spp. isolated from sirenians in Brazil. The isolates (n = 105) were recovered from the natural cavities of Amazonian and West Indian manatees and were tested for the susceptibility to amphotericin B, itraconazole, and fluconazole and for the production of phospholipases, proteases, and biofilm. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for amphotericin B ranged from 0.03 to 1 µg/mL, and no resistant isolates were detected. Itraconazole and fluconazole MICs ranged from 0.03 to 16 µg/mL and from 0.125 to 64 µg/mL, respectively, and 35.2% (37/105) of the isolates were resistant to at least one of these azole drugs. Concerning the production of virulence factors, phospholipase activity was observed in 67.6% (71/105) of the isolates, while protease activity and biofilm production were detected in 50.5% (53/105) and 32.4% (34/105) of the isolates, respectively. Since the natural cavities of manatees are colonized by resistant and virulent strains of Candida spp., these animals can act as sources of resistance and virulence genes for the environment, conspecifics and other animal species, demonstrating the potential environmental impacts associated with their release back into their natural habitat.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Yeast microbiota of natural cavities of manatees (Trichechus inunguis and Trichechus manatus) in Brazil and its relevance for animal health and management in captivity.
- Author
-
Sidrim JJ, Carvalho VL, Castelo-Branco Dde S, Brilhante RS, Bandeira Tde J, Cordeiro Rde A, Guedes GM, Barbosa GR, Lazzarini SM, Oliveira DC, de Meirelles AC, Attademo FL, Freire AC, Moreira JL, Monteiro AJ, and Rocha MF
- Subjects
- Animals, Brazil, Candida isolation & purification, Candida physiology, Cryptococcus isolation & purification, Cryptococcus physiology, Female, Male, Rhodotorula isolation & purification, Rhodotorula physiology, Trichechus inunguis microbiology, Trichechus manatus microbiology, Trichosporon isolation & purification, Trichosporon physiology, Microbiota, Trichechus microbiology
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the yeast microbiota of natural cavities of manatees kept in captivity in Brazil. Sterile swabs from the oral cavity, nostrils, genital opening, and rectum of 50 Trichechus inunguis and 26 Trichechus manatus were collected. The samples were plated on Sabouraud agar with chloramphenicol and incubated at 25 °C for 5 days. The yeasts isolated were phenotypically identified by biochemical and micromorphological tests. Overall, 141 strains were isolated, of which 112 were from T. inunguis (Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis sensu stricto, Candida orthopsilosis, Candida metapsilosis, Candida guilliermondii, Candida pelliculosa, Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata, Candida famata, Candida krusei, Candida norvegensis, Candida ciferri, Trichosporon sp., Rhodotorula sp., Cryptococcus laurentii) and 29 were from T. manatus (C. albicans, C. tropicalis, C. famata, C. guilliermondii, C. krusei, Rhodotorula sp., Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Rhodotorula minuta, Trichosporon sp.). This was the first systematic study to investigate the importance of yeasts as components of the microbiota of sirenians, demonstrating the presence of potentially pathogenic species, which highlights the importance of maintaining adequate artificial conditions for the health of captive manatees.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Occurrence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and Lepstospira spp. in manatees (Trichechus inunguis) of the Brazilian Amazon.
- Author
-
Mathews PD, da Silva VM, Rosas FC, d'Affonseca Neto JA, Lazzarini SM, Ribeiro DC, Dubey JP, Vasconcellos SA, and Gennari SM
- Subjects
- Animals, Brazil epidemiology, Leptospirosis blood, Leptospirosis epidemiology, Leptospirosis immunology, Leptospirosis veterinary, Toxoplasmosis, Animal blood, Toxoplasmosis, Animal epidemiology, Toxoplasmosis, Animal immunology, Antibodies, Bacterial blood, Antibodies, Protozoan blood, Leptospira immunology, Toxoplasma immunology, Trichechus inunguis
- Abstract
The presence of Toxoplasma gondii and Leptospira spp. antibodies was investigated in 74 manatees (Trichechus inunguis [Mammalia: Sirenia]) kept in captivity in two rescue units in the northern region of Brazil. Antibodies to T. gondii were detected in 29 (39.2%) of 74 animals by using the modified agglutination test (titer, 1:25). For antibodies against Leptospira spp., sera were diluted 1:50 and tested against 24 strains ofleptospires by microscopic agglutination microtechnique, and positive samples were end titrated. Twenty-three (31.1%) of 74 animals were reactive to four serovars (Patoc 21/23, Castellonis 2/23, Icterohaemorrhagiae 1/23, and Butembo 1/ 23), with titers ranging from 100 to 1,600. This is the first report of antibodies against T. gondii and Leptospira spp. in T. inunguis from the Brazilian Amazon.
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Reproductive anatomy of the female Amazonian manatee Trichechus inunguis Natterer, 1883 (Mammalia: Sirenia).
- Author
-
Rodrigues FR, Da Silva VM, Barcellos JF, and Lazzarini SM
- Subjects
- Age Factors, Animals, Female, Genitalia, Female anatomy & histology, Trichechus inunguis anatomy & histology
- Abstract
The Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis) is uniparous and has a slow reproduction cycle due to a long gestation period and long interval between births. Even though protected by law, hunting remains one of the main causes hindering the natural population growth of this species in the wild. The histology and reproductive anatomy provide information on the history and reproductive status of the female and offer a tool for the conservation of the species. The present study describes the anatomy of the female reproductive tract in T. inunguis. It is based on materials from three reproductive tracts fixed in 10% buffered formalin. The ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, and external genitalia are described. The hymen presents two tiny openings separated by a segment that, upon rupturing during the first copulation, should make up a single vaginal opening. A still intact hymen and the absence of placental scars in the uterus were found in one specimen. Additionally, the presence of a hemorrhagic body and Graafian follicles on the right ovary were observed, as well as whitish scars and among them, possible corpora albicantia. These findings suggest that T. inunguis undergoes infertile estrus cycles before its first gestation. Macroscopically, counting of the whitish scars is hindered by the small diameter of these structures. It is not possible to differentiate between the scars resulting from ruptured (corpora albicantia) and nonruptured follicles (regressed corpora atretica). The presence of whitish scars on both ovaries of the same specimen suggests their bilateral function in T. inunguis.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Placentation in the Amazonian manatee (Trichechus inunguis).
- Author
-
Carter AM, Miglino MA, Ambrosio CE, Santos TC, Rosas FC, Neto JA, Lazzarini SM, Carvalho AF, and da Silva VM
- Subjects
- Animals, Animals, Newborn, Extraembryonic Membranes anatomy & histology, Extraembryonic Membranes blood supply, Female, Male, Placenta anatomy & histology, Placenta physiology, Placenta ultrastructure, Placental Circulation physiology, Pregnancy, Umbilical Cord ultrastructure, Placentation physiology, Pregnancy, Animal, Trichechus inunguis physiology
- Abstract
Evidence from several sources supports a close phylogenetic relationship between elephants and sirenians. To explore whether this was reflected in similar placentation, we examined eight delivered placentae from the Amazonian manatee using light microscopy and immunohistochemistry. In addition, the fetal placental circulation was described by scanning electron microscopy of vessel casts. The manatee placenta was zonary and endotheliochorial, like that of the elephant. The interhaemal barrier comprised maternal endothelium, cytotrophoblasts and fetal endothelium. We found columnar trophoblast beneath the chorionic plate and lining lacunae in this region, but there was no trace in the term placenta of haemophagous activity. The gross anatomy of the cord and fetal membranes was consistent with previous descriptions and included a four-chambered allantoic sac, as also found in the elephant and other afrotherians. Connective tissue septae descended from the chorionic plate and carried blood vessels to the labyrinth, where they gave rise to a dense capillary network. This appeared to drain into shorter vessels near the chorionic plate. The maternal vasculature could not be examined in the same detail, but maternal capillaries ran rather straight and roughly parallel to the fetal ones. Overall, there is a close resemblance in placentation between the manatee and the elephant.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Phylogeography and population genetics of the endangered Amazonian manatee, Trichechus inunguis Natterer, 1883 (Mammalia, Sirenia).
- Author
-
Cantanhede AM, Da Silva VM, Farias IP, Hrbek T, Lazzarini SM, and Alves-Gomes J
- Subjects
- Animals, Base Sequence, DNA Primers, DNA, Mitochondrial genetics, Geography, Haplotypes genetics, Likelihood Functions, Models, Genetic, Molecular Sequence Data, Sequence Alignment, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Demography, Genetic Variation, Genetics, Population, Phylogeny, Trichechus inunguis genetics
- Abstract
We used mitochondrial DNA control region sequences to examine phylogeography and population differentiation of the endangered Amazonian manatee Trichechus inunguis. We observe lack of molecular differentiation among localities and we find weak association between geographical and genetic distances. However, nested clade analysis supports restricted gene flow and/or dispersal with some long-distance dispersal. Although this species has a history of extensive hunting, genetic diversity and effective population sizes are relatively high when compared to the West Indian manatee Trichechus manatus. Patterns of mtDNA haplotype diversity in T. inunguis suggest a genetic disequilibrium most likely explained by demographic expansion resulting from secession of hunting and enforcement of conservation and protective measures. Phylogenetic analysis of T. manatus and T. inunguis haplotypes suggests that T. inunguis is nested within T. manatus, effectively making T. manatus a paraphyletic entity. Paraphyly of T. manatus and recent divergence times of T. inunguis and the three main T. manatus lineages suggest a possible need for a taxonomic re-evaluation of the western Atlantic Trichechus.
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.