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Long-term studies of spread of rhabdoviruses which indicated their harmfulness in different plant species under conditions of environmental factors were first discussed. Their harmfulness to different plant species under environmental conditions was shown. A comparative description of rhabdoviruses with similar pathogens of the mushrooms is carried out. Thus the main focus was on the morphology and structure of the pathogens. These data are extremely important in the study of distribution of the rhabdovirus on crops in different regions.

Cholesterol-lowering activity of probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the in vivo experiments on the model of experimental hypercholesterolemia in mice was studied. It is established that the prophylactic scheme of introduction of probiotic cultures is more effective than therapeutic one for the manifestation of cholesteraze activity of probiotic cultures. The most effective were the cultures: L. acidophilus and B. bifidum, as well as the composition B. bifidum + B. longum. Cholesterol-lowering activity of the studied strains and their compositions in this experiment ranged between 40-78%. It is noted that cholesteraze activity of other studied strains was not lower and in some cases, higher than that of most of the drugs currently used in cholesterinozis.

The results of research on changes in the level of apoptosis among the spleen cells during the development of intravaginal staphylococcal infection in experimental models of different genetic mice lines are given in the paper. Intravaginal injection of Staphylococcus aureus resulted in an increased number of cells with morphological characteristics of apoptosis in underbred and line BALB/c mice, while it decreased in the ICR line mice. The level of the apoptotic cells in the underbred and line BALB/c mice was accompanied by some level of microorganisms that were seeded out of kidneys--the higher was the number of microorganisms, the more apoptotic cells were indicated.

The paper presents findings obtained from the electron microscopy investigation designed to study the mucosa of the vaginal portion of the uterine cervix in patients with atypical condyloma 45 days after CO2 laser destruction had been performed and system interferon therapy conducted. The proposed combined method was found out to encourage normalization of the uterine cervix structure, with the above therapy being capable of activating the local immune response that prevents the disease recurrences.

Experimental data have been presented which prove antibacterial efficiency of interferon preparations and inducers under infection processes evoked by Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae. It is shown that the system of phagocytizing cells and natural cells-killers plays the basic protective role in the organism under the persistence of these microbes. The basic regularities of activating effect of interferon preparations and its inducers on the functional activity of the above mentioned cells have been found. The methods of treatment with interferon drugs based on experimental data have been developed for the first time. They were used to cure patients with pyo-septic diseases.

Staphylococcus aureus cell-wall peptidoglycan has been shown to stimulate the bactericidal activity of peritoneal exudate macrophages. A more pronounced activating effect of peptidoglycan on the bactericidal activity of macrophages has been detected in the stimulated test. Peptidoglycan in doses of 5-100 mg induced interferon production by intact mouse splenocytes after 24-hour exposition with it. Peptidoglycan has been found to produce the most intensive effect on interferon production when injected intraperitoneally in a dose of 100 mg after 4-hour exposition.

In staphylococcal infection the changes in functional ability of macrophages occur: their oxygen-depending bactericidity and adenosine-desaminase activity are depressed 5-nucleotidase ability increases. Introduction of homologous alpha-IFN in the dose of 1 x 10(3) u/mouse leads to enhancing macrophage bactericidity of the animals infected, inhibits their 5-nucleotidase activity and enhances adenosine desaminase one. Influence of alpha-IFN on the activity of adenosine metabolism enzymes in macrophages can be considered one of the most important mechanisms of its modulating effect in bacterial infections.