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This study focuses on improving the technology for the preparation of geospatial information for land management design. The following hypothesis was the basis of the study: if the technology of geoecological assessment of the territory in the GIS environment is developed in the preparation of information for land management design, then its quality will increase, and as a result, the effectiveness of managerial decisions in the field of environmentally friendly land use will increase as well. The geoecological assessment of the territory is understood as the mathematical-cartographic, spatial, multi-parameter analysis of the auspiciousness of its agro-resource and geoecological conditions for sustainable production of plant agricultural products without disrupting the functions of life support (environmental and resource production). The developed technology can be used to solve the following problems: a) improving the land management system; b) improving control of land management; c) the formation of a database on the suitability of the territory for agricultural development, taking into account its sustainability; d) the territorial distribution of agricultural loads based on the geoecological situation. The advantage of the technology developed by the authors lies in the fact that a really working mechanism of geoecological assessment of the territory in the GIS environment is created when preparing information for land management design, which will allow to improve the quality of the developed design solutions and as a result will ensure the environmental safety of the functioning of natural and agricultural systems and the careful use of land resources.

Archaea is the least studied group of the reindeer rumen microbiocenosis. Although the functional load performed by this group of microorganisms in the rumen is large. Methane-forming archaea play a key role in the process of anaerobic decomposition of organic substances, the formation of methane. This study for the first time analyzed the composition of the archaeal part of the microbial community of the reindeer rumen using the T-RFLP method from various regions of the Russian Arctic. As a result, it was found that according to the estimates of the number of archaea by quantitative PCR in the reindeer rumen in the winter-spring period, on average, 108 genomes/g of archaea were observed in individuals of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District, and 109 genomes/in animals from the Nenets Autonomous District Archean. Thus, in the winter-spring period, a lower number of archaea in the rumen was observed in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District. According to the results of the T-RFLP method, 44 to 134 phylotypes were detected in the archaeal community of the reindeer rumen, the Shannon index was 2.02–3.80. The lowest content (up to 11.10 %) of methanogenic archaea of the Methanomicrobia class (including the families Methanosarcinaceae and Methanocorpusculaceae) was revealed in the Nenets Autonomous District, while their presence in individuals of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District reached 36.33 %. Interestingly, in adults of the Yamalo-Nenets and Nenets Autonomous Districts, a significant decrease in the representation of methanogenic archaea of the Methanomicrobia class was noted by 1.38 (P

A description of five mathematical models of the water-retention capacity of soil is given, taking into account the hysteresis phenomena. A computational experiment was carried out with these models using data on sandy soil. The experiment consisted of: (i) tuning of the models (parameter identification) by the method of dot-approximation of experimental data on the main drying and wetting branches of the hysteresis loop using an optimizing algorithm; (ii) the predictive calculation of the scanning branches of the hysteresis loop; (iii) a comparison of the errors in tuning results and the predictive calculation using the Williams-Kloot criteria. The commensurate and sufficiently low errors in the adjustment of the models have been achieved. The differences in the calculation of the scanning hysteresis branches are revealed. The practical significance of the mathematical models presented is to ensure the calculation of precision irrigation rates. The application of such rates in irrigation farming will help to prevent excess moisture from flowing beyond the root layer of the soil under the influence of gravity and, thus, to minimize the losses (unproductive consumption) of irrigation water, fertilizers, meliorants and plant protection products, and also reduce the risk of groundwater contamination with agrochemicals and eutrophication of water bodies.

This paper is dedicated to the Gulf of Cheboksary. The gulf has an important recreational and decorative function. It has been an integral part of the urban landscape for several decades. There is an eutrophication process, accompanied by the development of blue-green algae and the appearance of an odour in early spring, despite the water quality improvement measures. Measures that will improve the water exchange in the Gulf are proposed in this paper. Problems with the sanitary condition of the water body can occur without taking these measures. Therefore, the theme of this research is quite urgent.