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1. Strategies to manage hepatitis C virus infection disease burden—Volume 4

Author

Chen, D. S., Hamoudi, W., Mustapha, B., Layden, J., Nersesov, A., Reic, T., Garcia, V., Rios, C., Mateva, L., Njoya, O., Al‐Busafi, S. A., Abdelmageed, M. K., Abdulla, M., Adda, D., Akin, O., Al Baqali, A., Al Dweik, N., Al Ejji, K., Al ghazzawi, I., Al Kaabi, S., Al Naamani, K., Al Qamish, J., Al Sadadi, M., Al Salman, J., AlBadri, M., Al‐Romaihi, H. E., Ampofo, W., Antonov, K., Anyaike, C., Arome, F., Bane, A., Blach, S., Borodo, M. M., Brandon, S. M., Bright, B., Butt, M. T., Cardenas, I., Chan, H. L. Y., Chen, C. J., Chen, P. J., Chien, R. N., Chuang, W. L., Cuellar, D., Derbala, M., Elbardiny, A. A., Estes, C., Farag, E., Fung, J., Gamkrelidze, I., Genov, J., Ghandour, Z., Ghuloom, M., Gomez, B., Gunter, J., Habeeb, J., Hajelssedig, O., Himatt, S. M., Hrstic, I., Hu, C. C., Huang, C. F., Hui, Y. T., Jahis, R., Jelev, D., John, A. K., Kaliaskarova, K. S., Kamel, Y., Kao, J. H., Khamis, J., Khattabi, H., Khoudri, I., Konysbekova, A., Kotzev, I., Lai, M. S., Lao, W. C., Lee, M. H., Lesi, O., Li, M., Lo, A., Loo, C. K., Lukšić, B., Maaroufi, A., Malu, A. O., Mitova, R., Mohamed, R., Morović, M., Murphy, K., Nde, H., Ngige, E., Njouom, R., Nonković, D., Obekpa, S., Oguche, S., Okolo, E. E., Omede, O., Omuemu, C., Ondoa, P., Opare‐Sem, O., Owusu‐Ofori, S., Phillips, R. O., Prokopenko, Y. N., Razavi, H., Razavi‐Shearer, D., Razavi‐Shearer, K., Redae, B., Rinke de Wit, T., Robbins, S., Roberts, L. R., Sanad, S. J., Sharma, M., Simonova, M., Su, T. H., Sultan, K., Tan, S. S., Tchernev, K., Tsang, O. T. Y., Tsang, S., Tzeuton, C., Ugoeze, S., Uzochukwu, B., Vi, R., Vince, A., Wani, H. U., Wong, V. W. S., Workneh, A., Yacoub, R., Yesmembetov, K. I., Youbi, M., Yuen, M. F., and Schmelzer, J. D.

Published
2017
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2. The present and future disease burden of hepatitis C virus infections with todayʼs treatment paradigm: Volume 4

Author

Chan, H. L. Y., Chen, C. J., Omede, O., Al Qamish, J., Al Naamani, K., Bane, A., Tan, S. S., Simonova, M., Cardenas, I., Derbala, M., Akin, O., Phillips, R. O., Abdelmageed, M. K., Abdulla, M., Adda, D., Al Baqali, A., Al Dweik, N., Al Ejji, K., Al ghazzawi, I., Al Kaabi, S., Al Sadadi, M., Al Salman, J., AlBadri, M., Al‐Busafi, S. A., Al‐Romaihi, H. E., Ampofo, W., Antonov, K., Anyaike, C., Arome, F., Blach, S., Borodo, M. M., Brandon, S. M., Bright, B., Butt, M. T., Chen, D. S., Chen, P. J., Chien, R. N., Chuang, W. L., Cuellar, D., Elbardiny, A. A., Estes, C., Farag, E., Fung, J., Gamkrelidze, I., Garcia, V., Genov, J., Ghandour, Z., Ghuloom, M., Gomez, B., Gunter, J., Habeeb, J., Hajelssedig, O., Hamoudi, W., Himatt, S. M., Hrstic, I., Hu, C. C., Huang, C. F., Hui, Y. T., Jahis, R., Jelev, D., John, A. K., Kaliaskarova, K. S., Kamel, Y., Kao, J. H., Khamis, J., Khattabi, H., Khoudri, I., Konysbekova, A., Kotzev, I., Lai, M. S., Lao, W. C., Layden, J., Lee, M. H., Lesi, O., Li, M., Lo, A., Loo, C. K., Lukšić, B., Maaroufi, A., Malu, A. O., Mateva, L., Mitova, R., Mohamed, R., Morović, M., Murphy, K., Mustapha, B., Nersesov, A., Ngige, E., Njouom, R., Njoya, O., Nonković, D., Obekpa, S., Oguche, S., Okolo, E. E., Omuemu, C., Ondoa, P., Opare‐Sem, O., Owusu‐Ofori, S., Prokopenko, Y. N., Razavi, H., Razavi‐Shearer, D., Razavi‐Shearer, K., Redae, B., Reic, T., Rinke de Wit, T., Rios, C., Robbins, S., Roberts, L. R., Sanad, S. J., Schmelzer, J. D., Sharma, M., Su, T. H., Sultan, K., Tchernev, K., Tsang, O. T. Y., Tsang, S., Tzeuton, C., Ugoeze, S., Uzochukwu, B., Vi, R., Vince, A., Wani, H. U., Wong, V. W. S., Workneh, A., Yacoub, R., Yesmembetov, K. I., Youbi, M., Yuen, M. F., and Nde, H.

Published
2017
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3. Historical epidemiology of hepatitis C virus in select countries—volume 4

Author

Maaroufi, A., Vince, A., Himatt, S. M., Mohamed, R., Fung, J., Opare‐Sem, O., Workneh, A., Njouom, R., Al ghazzawi, I., Abdulla, M., Kaliaskarova, K. S., Owusu‐Ofori, S., Abdelmageed, M. K., Adda, D., Akin, O., Al Baqali, A., Al Dweik, N., Al Ejji, K., Al Kaabi, S., Al Naamani, K., Al Qamish, J., Al Sadadi, M., Al Salman, J., AlBadri, M., Al‐Busafi, S. A., Al‐Romaihi, H. E., Ampofo, W., Antonov, K., Anyaike, C., Arome, F., Bane, A., Blach, S., Borodo, M. M., Brandon, S. M., Bright, B., Butt, M. T., Cardenas, I., Chan, H. L. Y., Chen, C. J., Chen, D. S., Chen, P. J., Chien, R. N., Chuang, W. L., Cuellar, D., Derbala, M., Elbardiny, A. A., Estes, C., Farag, E., Gamkrelidze, I., Garcia, V., Genov, J., Ghandour, Z., Ghuloom, M., Gomez, B., Gunter, J., Habeeb, J., Hajelssedig, O., Hamoudi, W., Hrstic, I., Hu, C. C., Huang, C. F., Hui, Y. T., Jahis, R., Jelev, D., John, A. K., Kamel, Y., Kao, J. H., Khamis, J., Khattabi, H., Khoudri, I., Konysbekova, A., Kotzev, I., Lai, M. S., Lao, W. C., Layden, J., Lee, M. H., Lesi, O., Li, M., Lo, A., Loo, C. K., Lukšić, B., Malu, A. O., Mateva, L., Mitova, R., Morović, M., Murphy, K., Mustapha, B., Nde, H., Nersesov, A., Ngige, E., Njoya, O., Nonković, D., Obekpa, S., Oguche, S., Okolo, E. E., Omede, O., Omuemu, C., Ondoa, P., Phillips, R. O., Prokopenko, Y. N., Razavi, H., Razavi‐Shearer, D., Redae, B., Reic, T., Rinke de Wit, T., Rios, C., Robbins, S., Roberts, L. R., Sanad, S. J., Schmelzer, J. D., Sharma, M., Simonova, M., Su, T. H., Sultan, K., Tan, S. S., Tchernev, K., Tsang, O. T. Y., Tsang, S., Tzeuton, C., Ugoeze, S., Uzochukwu, B., Vi, R., Wani, H. U., Wong, V. W. S., Yacoub, R., Yesmembetov, K. I., Youbi, M., Yuen, M. F., and Razavi‐Shearer, K.

Published
2017
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6. HepCCATT: a multilevel intervention for hepatitis C among vulnerable populations in Chicago.

Author

Tilmon, Sandra, Aronsohn, A, Boodram, B, Canary, L, Goel, S, Hamlish, T, Kemble, S, Lauderdale, D S, Layden, J, Lee, K, Millman, A J, Nelson, N, Ritger, K, Rodriguez, I, Shurupova, N, Wolf, J, and Johnson, D

Subjects
HEPATITIS C diagnosis, HEALTH education, HEALTH policy, REPORTING of diseases, DATABASES, HEALTH services accessibility, PATIENT advocacy, HEPATITIS C, MEDICAL care costs, GOVERNMENT programs, PRIMARY health care, AT-risk people, HEALTH, ACCESS to information, INTERPROFESSIONAL relations, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, RESEARCH funding, POLICY sciences, DATA analysis software, PERSONNEL management
Abstract

Background Hepatitis C infection could be eliminated. Underdiagnosis and lack of treatment are the barriers to cure, especially for vulnerable populations (i.e. unable to pay for health care). Methods A multilevel intervention from September 2014 to September 2019 focused on the providers and organizations in 'the safety net' (providing health care to populations unable to pay), including: (i) public education, (ii) training for primary care providers (PCPs) and case managers, (iii) case management for high-risk populations, (iv) policy advice and (v) a registry (Registry) for 13 health centers contributing data. The project tracked the number of PCPs trained and, among Registry sites, the number of people screened, engaged in care (i.e. clinical follow-up after diagnosis), treated and/or cured. Results In Chicago, 215 prescribing PCPs and 56 other health professionals, 86% of whom work in the safety net, were trained to manage hepatitis C. Among Registry sites, there was a 137% increase in antibody screening and a 32% increase in current hepatitis C diagnoses. Engagement in care rose by 18%. Conclusions Hepatitis C Community Alliance to Test and Treat (HepCCATT) successfully targeted safety net providers and organizations with a comprehensive care approach. While there were challenges, HepCCATT observed increased hepatitis C screening, diagnosis and engagement in care in the Chicago community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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8. HepCCATT: a multilevel intervention for hepatitis C among vulnerable populations in Chicago

Author

Tilmon, Sandra, primary, Aronsohn, A, additional, Boodram, B, additional, Canary, L, additional, Goel, S, additional, Hamlish, T, additional, Kemble, S, additional, Lauderdale, D S, additional, Layden, J, additional, Lee, K, additional, Millman, A J, additional, Nelson, N, additional, Ritger, K, additional, Rodriguez, I, additional, Shurupova, N, additional, Wolf, J, additional, and Johnson, D, additional

Published
2021
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14. Global prevalence, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in 2016: a modelling study

Author

Razavi-Shearer, D. Gamkrelidze, I. Nguyen, M.H. Chen, D.-S. Van Damme, P. Abbas, Z. Abdulla, M. Abou Rached, A. Adda, D. Aho, I. Akarca, U. Al Ali, F.H. Lawati, F.A.L. Naamani, K.A.L. Alashgar, H.I. Alavian, S.M. Alawadhi, S. Albillos, A. Al-Busafi, S.A. Aleman, S. Alfaleh, F.Z. Aljumah, A.A. Anand, A.C. Anh, N.T. Arends, J.E. Arkkila, P. Athanasakis, K. Bane, A. Ben-Ari, Z. Berg, T. Bizri, A.R. Blach, S. Brandão Mello, C.E. Brandon, S.M. Bright, B. Bruggmann, P. Brunetto, M. Buti, M. Chan, H.L.Y. Chaudhry, A. Chien, R.-N. Choi, M.S. Christensen, P.B. Chuang, W.-L. Chulanov, V. Clausen, M.R. Colombo, M. Cornberg, M. Cowie, B. Craxi, A. Croes, E.A. Cuellar, D.A. Cunningham, C. Desalegn, H. Drazilova, S. Duberg, A.-S. Egeonu, S.S. El-Sayed, M.H. Estes, C. Falconer, K. Ferraz, M.L.G. Ferreira, P.R. Flisiak, R. Frankova, S. Gaeta, G.B. García-Samaniego, J. Genov, J. Gerstoft, J. Goldis, A. Gountas, I. Gray, R. Guimarães Pessôa, M. Hajarizadeh, B. Hatzakis, A. Hézode, C. Himatt, S.M. Hoepelman, A. Hrstic, I. Hui, Y.-T.T. Husa, P. Jahis, R. Janjua, N.Z. Jarcuška, P. Jaroszewicz, J. Kaymakoglu, S. Kershenobich, D. Kondili, L.A. Konysbekova, A. Krajden, M. Kristian, P. Laleman, W. Lao, W.-C.C. Layden, J. Lazarus, J.V. Lee, M.-H. Liakina, V. Lim, Y.-S.S. Loo, C.-K.K. Lukšic, B. Malekzadeh, R. Malu, A.O. Mamatkulov, A. Manns, M. Marinho, R.T. Maticic, M. Mauss, S. Memon, M.S. Mendes Correa, M.C. Mendez-Sanchez, N. Merat, S. Metwally, A.M. Mohamed, R. Mokhbat, J.E. Moreno, C. Mossong, J. Mourad, F.H. Müllhaupt, B. Murphy, K. Musabaev, E. Nawaz, A. Nde, H.M. Negro, F. Nersesov, A. Nguyen, V.T.T. Njouom, R. Ntagirabiri, R. Nurmatov, Z. Obekpa, S. Ocama, P. Oguche, S. Omede, O. Omuemu, C. Opare-Sem, O. Opio, C.K. Örmeci, N. Papatheodoridis, G. Pasini, K. Pimenov, N. Poustchi, H. Quang, T.D. Qureshi, H. Ramji, A. Razavi-Shearer, K. Redae, B. Reesink, H.W. Rios, C.Y. Rjaskova, G. Robbins, S. Roberts, L.R. Roberts, S.K. Ryder, S.D. Safadi, R. Sagalova, O. Salupere, R. Sanai, F.M. Sanchez-Avila, J.F. Saraswat, V. Sarrazin, C. Schmelzer, J.D. Schréter, I. Scott, J. Seguin-Devaux, C. Shah, S.R. Sharara, A.I. Sharma, M. Shiha, G.E. Shin, T. Sievert, W. Sperl, J. Stärkel, P. Stedman, C. Sypsa, V. Tacke, F. Tan, S.S. Tanaka, J. Tomasiewicz, K. Urbanek, P. van der Meer, A.J. Van Vlierberghe, H. Vella, S. Vince, A. Waheed, Y. Waked, I. Walsh, N. Weis, N. Wong, V.W. Woodring, J. Yaghi, C. Yang, H.-I. Yang, C.-L. Yesmembetov, K. Yosry, A. Yuen, M.-F. Yusuf, M.A.M. Zeuzem, S. Razavi, H. The Polaris Observatory Collaborators

Abstract

Background: The 69th World Health Assembly approved the Global Health Sector Strategy to eliminate viral hepatitis by 2030. Although no virological cure exists for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, existing therapies to control viral replication and prophylaxis to minimise mother-to-child transmission make elimination of HBV feasible. We aimed to estimate the national, regional, and global prevalence of HBsAg in the general population and in the population aged 5 years in 2016, as well as coverage of prophylaxis, diagnosis, and treatment. Methods: In this modelling study, we used a Delphi process that included a literature review in PubMed and Embase, followed by interviews with experts, to quantify the historical epidemiology of HBV infection. We then used a dynamic HBV transmission and progression model to estimate the country-level and regional-level prevalence of HBsAg in 2016 and the effect of prophylaxis and treatment on disease burden. Findings: We developed models for 120 countries, 78 of which were populated with data approved by experts. Using these models, we estimated that the global prevalence of HBsAg in 2016 was 3·9% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 3·4–4·6), corresponding to 291 992 000 (251 513 000–341 114 000) infections. Of these infections, around 29 million (10%) were diagnosed, and only 4·8 million (5%) of 94 million individuals eligible for treatment actually received antiviral therapy. Around 1·8 (1·6–2·2) million infections were in children aged 5 years, with a prevalence of 1·4% (1·2–1·6). We estimated that 87% of infants had received the three-dose HBV vaccination in the first year of life, 46% had received timely birth-dose vaccination, and 13% had received hepatitis B immunoglobulin along with the full vaccination regimen. Less than 1% of mothers with a high viral load had received antiviral therapy to reduce mother-to-child transmission. Interpretation: Our estimate of HBV prevalence in 2016 differs from previous studies, potentially because we took into account the effect of infant prophylaxis and early childhood vaccination, as well as changing prevalence over time. Although some regions are well on their way to meeting prophylaxis and prevalence targets, all regions must substantially scale-up access to diagnosis and treatment to meet the global targets. Funding: John C Martin Foundation. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd

Published
2018

15. Global prevalence, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in 2016: a modelling study.

Author

Falconer K., Ormeci N., Papatheodoridis G., Pasini K., Pimenov N., Poustchi H., Quang T.D., Qureshi H., Ramji A., Razavi-Shearer K., Redae B., Reesink H.W., Rios C.Y., Rjaskova G., Robbins S., Roberts L.R., Roberts S.K., Ryder S.D., Safadi R., Sagalova O., Salupere R., Sanai F.M., Sanchez-Avila J.F., Saraswat V., Sarrazin C., Schmelzer J.D., Schreter I., Scott J., Seguin-Devaux C., Shah S.R., Sharara A.I., Sharma M., Shiha G.E., Shin T., Sperl J., Starkel P., Stedman C., Sypsa V., Tacke F., Tan S.S., Tanaka J., Tomasiewicz K., Urbanek P., van der Meer A.J., Van Vlierberghe H., Vella S., Vince A., Waheed Y., Waked I., Walsh N., Weis N., Wong V.W., Woodring J., Yaghi C., Yang H.-I., Yang C.-L., Yesmembetov K., Yosry A., Yuen M.-F., Yusuf M.A.M., Zeuzem S., Razavi H., Sievert W., Razavi-Shearer D., Gamkrelidze I., Nguyen M.H., Chen D.-S., Van Damme P., Abbas Z., Abdulla M., Abou Rached A., Adda D., Aho I., Akarca U., Al Ali F.H., Lawati F.A.L., Naamani K.A.L., Alashgar H.I., Alavian S.M., Alawadhi S., Albillos A., Al-Busafi S.A., Aleman S., Alfaleh F.Z., Aljumah A.A., Anand A.C., Anh N.T., Arends J.E., Arkkila P., Athanasakis K., Bane A., Ben-Ari Z., Berg T., Bizri A.R., Blach S., Brandao Mello C.E., Brandon S.M., Bright B., Bruggmann P., Brunetto M., Buti M., Chan H.L.Y., Chaudhry A., Chien R.-N., Choi M.S., Christensen P.B., Chuang W.-L., Chulanov V., Clausen M.R., Colombo M., Cornberg M., Cowie B., Craxi A., Croes E.A., Cuellar D.A., Cunningham C., Desalegn H., Drazilova S., Duberg A.-S., Egeonu S.S., El-Sayed M.H., Estes C., Ferraz M.L.G., Ferreira P.R., Flisiak R., Frankova S., Gaeta G.B., Garcia-Samaniego J., Genov J., Gerstoft J., Goldis A., Gountas I., Gray R., Guimaraes Pessoa M., Hajarizadeh B., Hatzakis A., Hezode C., Himatt S.M., Hoepelman A., Hrstic I., Hui Y.-T.T., Husa P., Jahis R., Janjua N.Z., Jarcuka P., Jaroszewicz J., Kaymakoglu S., Kershenobich D., Kondili L.A., Konysbekova A., Krajden M., Kristian P., Laleman W., Lao W.-C.C., Layden J., Lazarus J.V., Lee M.-H., Liakina V., Lim Y.-S.S., Loo C.-K.K., Lukic B., Malekzadeh R., Malu A.O., Mamatkulov A., Manns M., Marinho R.T., Maticic M., Mauss S., Memon M.S., Mendes Correa M.C., Mendez-Sanchez N., Merat S., Metwally A.M., Mohamed R., Mokhbat J.E., Moreno C., Mossong J., Mourad F.H., Mullhaupt B., Murphy K., Musabaev E., Nawaz A., Nde H.M., Negro F., Nersesov A., Nguyen V.T.T., Njouom R., Ntagirabiri R., Nurmatov Z., Obekpa S., Ocama P., Oguche S., Omede O., Omuemu C., Opare-Sem O., Opio C.K., Falconer K., Ormeci N., Papatheodoridis G., Pasini K., Pimenov N., Poustchi H., Quang T.D., Qureshi H., Ramji A., Razavi-Shearer K., Redae B., Reesink H.W., Rios C.Y., Rjaskova G., Robbins S., Roberts L.R., Roberts S.K., Ryder S.D., Safadi R., Sagalova O., Salupere R., Sanai F.M., Sanchez-Avila J.F., Saraswat V., Sarrazin C., Schmelzer J.D., Schreter I., Scott J., Seguin-Devaux C., Shah S.R., Sharara A.I., Sharma M., Shiha G.E., Shin T., Sperl J., Starkel P., Stedman C., Sypsa V., Tacke F., Tan S.S., Tanaka J., Tomasiewicz K., Urbanek P., van der Meer A.J., Van Vlierberghe H., Vella S., Vince A., Waheed Y., Waked I., Walsh N., Weis N., Wong V.W., Woodring J., Yaghi C., Yang H.-I., Yang C.-L., Yesmembetov K., Yosry A., Yuen M.-F., Yusuf M.A.M., Zeuzem S., Razavi H., Sievert W., Razavi-Shearer D., Gamkrelidze I., Nguyen M.H., Chen D.-S., Van Damme P., Abbas Z., Abdulla M., Abou Rached A., Adda D., Aho I., Akarca U., Al Ali F.H., Lawati F.A.L., Naamani K.A.L., Alashgar H.I., Alavian S.M., Alawadhi S., Albillos A., Al-Busafi S.A., Aleman S., Alfaleh F.Z., Aljumah A.A., Anand A.C., Anh N.T., Arends J.E., Arkkila P., Athanasakis K., Bane A., Ben-Ari Z., Berg T., Bizri A.R., Blach S., Brandao Mello C.E., Brandon S.M., Bright B., Bruggmann P., Brunetto M., Buti M., Chan H.L.Y., Chaudhry A., Chien R.-N., Choi M.S., Christensen P.B., Chuang W.-L., Chulanov V., Clausen M.R., Colombo M., Cornberg M., Cowie B., Craxi A., Croes E.A., Cuellar D.A., Cunningham C., Desalegn H., Drazilova S., Duberg A.-S., Egeonu S.S., El-Sayed M.H., Estes C., Ferraz M.L.G., Ferreira P.R., Flisiak R., Frankova S., Gaeta G.B., Garcia-Samaniego J., Genov J., Gerstoft J., Goldis A., Gountas I., Gray R., Guimaraes Pessoa M., Hajarizadeh B., Hatzakis A., Hezode C., Himatt S.M., Hoepelman A., Hrstic I., Hui Y.-T.T., Husa P., Jahis R., Janjua N.Z., Jarcuka P., Jaroszewicz J., Kaymakoglu S., Kershenobich D., Kondili L.A., Konysbekova A., Krajden M., Kristian P., Laleman W., Lao W.-C.C., Layden J., Lazarus J.V., Lee M.-H., Liakina V., Lim Y.-S.S., Loo C.-K.K., Lukic B., Malekzadeh R., Malu A.O., Mamatkulov A., Manns M., Marinho R.T., Maticic M., Mauss S., Memon M.S., Mendes Correa M.C., Mendez-Sanchez N., Merat S., Metwally A.M., Mohamed R., Mokhbat J.E., Moreno C., Mossong J., Mourad F.H., Mullhaupt B., Murphy K., Musabaev E., Nawaz A., Nde H.M., Negro F., Nersesov A., Nguyen V.T.T., Njouom R., Ntagirabiri R., Nurmatov Z., Obekpa S., Ocama P., Oguche S., Omede O., Omuemu C., Opare-Sem O., and Opio C.K.

Abstract

Background: The 69th World Health Assembly approved the Global Health Sector Strategy to eliminate viral hepatitis by 2030. Although no virological cure exists for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, existing therapies to control viral replication and prophylaxis to minimise mother-to-child transmission make elimination of HBV feasible. We aimed to estimate the national, regional, and global prevalence of HBsAg in the general population and in the population aged 5 years in 2016, as well as coverage of prophylaxis, diagnosis, and treatment. Method(s): In this modelling study, we used a Delphi process that included a literature review in PubMed and Embase, followed by interviews with experts, to quantify the historical epidemiology of HBV infection. We then used a dynamic HBV transmission and progression model to estimate the country-level and regional-level prevalence of HBsAg in 2016 and the effect of prophylaxis and treatment on disease burden. Finding(s): We developed models for 120 countries, 78 of which were populated with data approved by experts. Using these models, we estimated that the global prevalence of HBsAg in 2016 was 3.9% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 3.4-4.6), corresponding to 291 992 000 (251 513 000-341 114 000) infections. Of these infections, around 29 million (10%) were diagnosed, and only 4.8 million (5%) of 94 million individuals eligible for treatment actually received antiviral therapy. Around 1.8 (1.6-2.2) million infections were in children aged 5 years, with a prevalence of 1.4% (1.2-1.6). We estimated that 87% of infants had received the three-dose HBV vaccination in the first year of life, 46% had received timely birth-dose vaccination, and 13% had received hepatitis B immunoglobulin along with the full vaccination regimen. Less than 1% of mothers with a high viral load had received antiviral therapy to reduce mother-to-child transmission. Interpretation(s): Our estimate of HBV prevalence in 2016 differs from previous studies, potentia

Published
2018

16. The present and future disease burden of hepatitis C virus infections with today's treatment paradigm

Author

Chan, H. L. Y., Chen, C. J., Omede, O., Al Qamish, J., Al Naamani, K., Bane, A., Tan, S. S., Simonova, M., Cardenas, I., Derbala, M., Akin, O., Phillips, R. O., Abdelmageed, M. K., Abdulla, M., Adda, D., Al Baqali, A., Al Dweik, N., Al Ejji, K., Al ghazzawi, I., Al Kaabi, S., Al Sadadi, M., Al Salman, J., AlBadri, M., Al-Busafi, S. A., Al-Romaihi, H. E., Ampofo, W., Antonov, K., Anyaike, C., Arome, F., Blach, S., Borodo, M. M., Brandon, S. M., Bright, B., Butt, M. T., Chen, D. S., Chen, P. J., Chien, R. N., Chuang, W. L., Cuellar, D., Elbardiny, A. A., Estes, C., Farag, E., Fung, J., Gamkrelidze, I., Garcia, V., Genov, J., Ghandour, Z., Ghuloom, M., Gomez, B., Gunter, J., Habeeb, J., Hajelssedig, O., Hamoudi, W., Himatt, S. M., Hrstic, I., Hu, C. C., Huang, C. F., Hui, Y. T., Jahis, R., Jelev, D., John, A. K., Kaliaskarova, K. S., Kamel, Y., Kao, J. H., Khamis, J., Khattabi, H., Khoudri, I., Konysbekova, A., Kotzev, I., Lai, M. S., Lao, W. C., Layden, J., Lee, M. H., Lesi, O., Li, M., Lo, A., Loo, C. K., Lukšić, B., Maaroufi, A., Malu, A. O., Mateva, L., Mitova, R., Mohamed, R., Morović, M., Murphy, K., Mustapha, B., Nersesov, A., Ngige, E., Njouom, R., Njoya, O., Nonković, D., Obekpa, S., Oguche, S., Okolo, E. E., Omuemu, C., Ondoa, P., Opare- Sem, O., Owusu-Ofori, S., Prokopenko, Y. N., Razavi, H., Razavi-Shearer, D., Razavi-Shearer, K., Redae, B., Reic, T., Rinke de Wit, T., Rios, C., Robbins, S., Roberts, L. R., Sanad, S. J., Schmelzer, J. D., Sharma, M., Su, T. H., Sultan, K., Tchernev, K., Tsang, O. T. Y., Tsang, S., Tzeuton, C., Ugoeze, S., Uzochukwu, B., Vi, R., Vince, A., Wani, H. U., Wong, V. W. S., Workneh, A., Yacoub, R., Yesmembetov, K. I., Youbi, M., Yuen, M. F., and Nde, H.

Subjects
parasitic diseases, hepatitis C, incidence, mortality, prevalence, treatment, geographic locations
Abstract

Factors influencing the morbidity and mortality associated with viremic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection change over time and place, making it difficult to compare reported estimates. Models were developed for 17 countries (Bahrain, Bulgaria, Cameroon, Colombia, Croatia, Dominican Republic, Ethiopia, Ghana, Hong Kong, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Morocco, Nigeria, Qatar and Taiwan) to quantify and characterize the viremic population as well as forecast the changes in the infected population and the corresponding disease burden from 2015 to 2030. Model inputs were agreed upon through expert consensus, and a standardized methodology was followed to allow for comparison across countries. The viremic prevalence is expected to remain constant or decline in all but four countries (Ethiopia, Ghana, Jordan and Oman) ; however, HCV-related morbidity and mortality will increase in all countries except Qatar and Taiwan. In Qatar, the high-treatment rate will contribute to a reduction in total cases and HCV- related morbidity by 2030. In the remaining countries, however, the current treatment paradigm will be insufficient to achieve large reductions in HCV- related morbidity and mortality.

Published
2017

17. Strategies to manage hepatitis C virus infection disease burden

Author

Chen, D. S., Hamoudi, W., Mustapha, B., Layden, J., Nersesov, A., Reic, T., Garcia, V., Rios, C., Mateva, L., Njoya, O., Al-Busafi, S. A., Abdelmageed, M. K., Abdulla, M., Adda, D., Akin, O., Al Baqali, A., Al Dweik, N., Al Ejji, K., Al ghazzawi, I., Al Kaabi, S., Al Naamani, K., Al Qamish, J., Al Sadadi, M., Al Salman, J., AlBadri, M., Al-Romaihi, H. E., Ampofo, W., Antonov, K., Anyaike, C., Arome, F., Bane, A., Blach, S., Borodo, M. M., Brandon, S. M., Bright, B., Butt, M. T., Cardenas, I., Chan, H. L. Y., Chen, C. J., Chen, P. J., Chien, R. N., Chuang, W. L., Cuellar, D., Derbala, M., Elbardiny, A. A., Estes, C., Farag, E., Fung, J., Gamkrelidze, I., Genov, J., Ghandour, Z., Ghuloom, M., Gomez, B., Gunter, J., Habeeb, J., Hajelssedig, O., Himatt, S. M., Hrstic, I., Hu, C. C., Huang, C. F., Hui, Y. T., Jahis, R., Jelev, D., John, A. K., Kaliaskarova, K. S., Kamel, Y., Kao, J. H., Khamis, J., Khattabi, H., Khoudri, I., Konysbekova, A., Kotzev, I., Lai, M. S., Lao, W. C., Lee, M. H., Lesi, O., Li, M., Lo, A., Loo, C. K., Lukšić, B., Maaroufi, A., Malu, A. O., Mitova, R., Mohamed, R., Morović, M., Murphy, K., Nde, H., Ngige, E., Njouom, R., Nonković, D., Obekpa, S., Oguche, S., Okolo, E. E., Omede, O., Omuemu, C., Ondoa, P., Opare-Sem, O., Owusu-Ofori, S., Phillips, R. O., Prokopenko, Y. N., Razavi, H., Razavi-Shearer, D., Razavi-Shearer, K., Redae, B., Rinke de Wit, T., Robbins, S., Roberts, L. R., Sanad, S. J., Sharma, M., Simonova, M., Su, T. H., Sultan, K., Tan, S. S., Tchernev, K., Tsang, O. T. Y., Tsang, S., Tzeuton, C., Ugoeze, S., Uzochukwu, B., Vi, R., Vince, A., Wani, H. U., Wong, V. W. S., Workneh, A., Yacoub, R., Yesmembetov, K. I., Youbi, M., Yuen, M. F., and Schmelzer, J. D.

Subjects
diagnosis, disease burden, elimination, epidemiology, hepatitis C, scenarios, strategy
Abstract

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic was forecasted through 2030 for 17 countries in Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America and the Middle East, and interventions for achieving the Global Health Sector Strategy on viral hepatitis targets —“WHO Targets” (65% reduction in HCV-related deaths, 90% reduction in new infections and 90% of infections diagnosed by 2030) were considered. Scaling up treatment and diagnosis rates over time would be required to achieve these targets in all but one country, even with the introduction of high SVR therapies. The scenarios developed to achieve the WHO Targets in all countries studied assumed the implementation of national policies to prevent new infections and to diagnose current infections through screening.

Published
2017

18. P403 Golimumab therapy for ulcerative colitis – an Irish multicentre experience

Author

O'Connell, J., primary, Rowan, C., additional, Chan, G., additional, Harkin, G., additional, Parihar, V., additional, Layden, J., additional, Patchett, S., additional, Stack, R., additional, MacMathuna, P., additional, O'Toole, A., additional, Ryan, B., additional, MacCarthy, F., additional, McKiernan, S., additional, Doherty, G., additional, Eagan, L., additional, and Kevans, D., additional

Published
2017
Full Text
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19. P0595 : High frequency of active HCV infection among seropositives in West Africa and evidence for multiple transmission pathways

Author

Layden, J., primary, Mora, N., additional, Phillips, R.O., additional, Owusi-Ofori, S., additional, Sarfo, F.S., additional, Kliethermes, S., additional, Owusu, D., additional, Nelson, K., additional, Dugas, L., additional, Luke, A., additional, Shoham, D., additional, Forbi, J.C., additional, Khudyakov, Y.E., additional, and Cooper, R.S., additional

Published
2015
Full Text
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23. Efficacy and safety of tenecteplase in combination with enoxaparin, abciximab, or unfractionated heparin: the ASSENT-3 randomised trial in acute myocardial infarction

Author

Van de Werf, F., Armstrong, P. W., Granger, C., Wallentin, L., Adgey, A. A. J., Aylward, P., Binbrek, A. S., Califf, R., Cassim, S., Diaz, R., Fanebust, R., Fioretti, P. M., Huber, K., Husted, S., Lindahl, B., Lopez-Sendon, J. L., Makijarvi, M., Meyer, J., Navarro Robles, J., Pfisterer, M., Seabra-Gomes, R., Soares-Piegas, L., Sugrue, D., Tendera, M., Theroux, P., Toutouzas, P., Vahanian, A., Verheugt, F., Sarelin, H., Goetz, G., Bluhmki, E., Daclin, V., Danays, T., Houbracken, K., Kaye, J., Reilly, P., Hacke, W., von Kummer, R., Lesaffre, E., Bogaerts, K., Peeters, C., Fox, K. A. A., Brower, R., Hirsh, J., Maggioni, A., Tijssen, J., Weaver, D., Beernaert, A., Beysen, N., Broos, K., De Prins, E., D'Hollander, K., Dupon, L., Fomyna, N., Fransen, A., Genesse, D., Goffin, L., Hendrickx, R., Jansen, B., Jorissen, F., Luys, C., Luyten, A., Marschal, C., Moreira, M., Munsters, K., Salerno, R., Schoovaerts, C., Sinnaeve, P., Schildermans, C., Vandenberghe, K., Vandeschoot, K., Van Gucht, H., Van Rompaey, P., Vlassak, S., Watzeels, M., Wittockx, H., Galan, K., Humeniuk, L., Seidel, A., Molina, M., Hafley, G., Alexander, J., Pascual, A., Bestilny, S., Temple, T., Ahuad Guerrero, R., Albisu, J. P., Bassani Arrieta, C. A., Bono, J., Caccavo, A., Cagnolatti, A., Cartasegna, L. R., Castellanos, R., Chekerdemian, S., Covelli, G., Cuello, J. L., Cuneo, C. A., Fernandez, A., Ferrara, C., Ferro-Queirel, E., Gambarte, A., Garcia-Duran, R., Hasbani, E., Hrabar, A., Keller, L., Lobo Marquez, L. L., Luciardi, H., Macin, S. M., Marinig, A., Marzetti, E., Muntaner, J., Nordaby, R., Orlandini, A. D., Piombo, A. C., Pomposiello, J. C., Quijano, R. A., Amerena, J., Aroney, G., Buckmaster, N., Carroll, P., Fitzpatrick, M., Newman, R., Rowe, M., Singh, B., Thomson, A., Winter, C., Eber, B., Gaul, G. B., Klein, W., Leisch, F., Mayr, H., Mlczoch, J., Niessner, H., Pachinger, O., Pall, H., Pichler, M., Roggla, G., Schaflinger, E., Schreiber, W., Slany, J., Traindl, O., Zenker, G., Beckers, J., Bekaert, I., Berthe, C., Bodur, G., Carlier, B., Carlier, M., Carpentier, J., Celen, H., Charlier, F., Clement, A., Coenen, A., Crochelet, L., De Keyser, F., De Man, F., de Meester, A., Dendale, P., Dhondt, E., Dhooghe, G., El Allaf, D., Elshot, S., Emmerechts, C., Foret, F., Gatera, E., Geraedts, J., Gerardy, A. C., Gysbrechts, M., Hallemans, R., Hellemans, S., Herssens, H., Huygens, L., Janssens, L., Lalmand, J., Maamar, R., Marechal, P., Mertens, D., Michel, P., Morandini, E., Nannan, M., Nguyen, D., Odeurs, W., Peerenboom, P., Pirenne, B., Quinonez, M., Raymenants, E., Renard, M., Silance, P. G., Standaert, A. M., Striekwold, H., Thiels, H., Valadi, D., van Brabandt, H., Van Dormael, M., Van Iseghem, P., Van Walleghem, U., Vanden Bosch, H., Vandenbossche, J. L., Vermylen, J., Verstraete, S., Vo Ngoc, P., Willems, P., Zenner, R., Campos de Albuquerque, D., Coutinho, M., de Camargo Carvalho, A. C., Fernandes Manenti, E. R., Ferreira Azevedo, A., Golin, V., Gun, C., Marin Neto, J. A., Marino, R. L., Miranda Abrantes, J. A., Nicolau, J. C., Porto Alegre Dancini, E. M., Rabelo, A., Ramos, R. F., Rizzi Coelho, O., Alexander, D., Bata, I. R., Bhargava, R. K., Bogaty, P., D'Amours, G., Darcel, I., Finnie, K. J. C., Fowlis, R., Gupta, M. K., Henderson, M., Howlett, M. K., Javier, J. J., Kieu, C. V., Kumar, G., Lebouthillier, P., Leduc, F., Lepage, S., Mcavinue, T., Mcgillen, J. E., Mcmeekin, J. D., Morse, J. W., Pistawka, K., Raimondo, E. F., Sandrin, F., Smith, H., Smylie, P. C., Tran, K., Turabian, M., Wagner, K. R., Winkler, L. H., Woo, K. S., Falstie-Jensen, N., Lind Rasmussen, S., Lomholt, P., Markenvard, J., Nielsen, H., Petersen, J., Romer, F., Ahonen, J., Huttunen, M., Kokkonen, L., Luukkonen, J., Mantyla, P., Melin, J., Mustonen, J., Valli, J., Voutilainen, S., Agraou, B., Allam, S., Baradat, G., Battistella, P., Bazin, P., Bouvier, J. -M., Destrac, S., Fouche, R., Fournier, P. -Y., Funck, F., Garnier, H., Grall, J. -Y., Gully, C., Lallement, P. -Y., Loiselet, P., Mycinsky, C., Page, A., Parisot, M., Range, G., Rocher, R., Tafani, C., Thisse, J. -Y., Tibi, T., Tissot, M., Wahl, P., Backenkohler, U., Bavastro, P., Beckmann-Hiss, H., Behnke, M., Bermes, M., Bernsmeier, R., Bethge, K. P., Bethge, H., Block, M., Burkhardt, W., Cieslinski, G., Claus, G., Deetjen, A., Diefenbach, A., Diehm, C., Dietz, A., Dippold, W. G., Eichner, A., Erckenbrecht, J. F., Gawlick, L., Gerber, V., Goppel, L., Gottwik, M., Grosch, B., Hammer, B., Hanheide, M., Hanrath, P., Haspel, J., Hennersdorf, F., Hermanns, M., Hoffmeister, H. M., Holzapfel, P., Hubner, H., Jansen, W., Jung, S., Kaddatz, J., Kienbock, H., Klein, H. H., Konz, K. H., Kulschbach, M., Leschke, M., Liebau, G., Linnartz, M., Lockert, G., Loesbrock, R., Lollgen, H., Ludwig, N., Mudra, H., Munzer, K., Nebel, B., Nellessen, U., Neu, C., Olbrich, H. G., Pfeffer, A., Pfeiffer, P., Plate, V., Pollock, B., Rapp, H., Rommele, U., Sauer, K., Scheffler, N., Schlotterbeck, K., Schmidt-Salzmann, A., Schnitzler, G., Schumann, H., Schuster, C. J., Schuster, P., Schweizer, P., Seitz, K., Simon, R., Spes, C., Szabo, S., Terhardt-Kasten, E., Theuerkauf, B., Tigges, R., Tinnappel, J., Topp, H., Trockel, P., Unland, N., Veth, V., Vom Dahl, J., Vossbeck, G., Weindel, K., Weib, D., Wiewel, D., Wirtz, P., Zipp, C., Apostolou, T., Chalkidis, C., Exadaktylos, N., Foussas, S., Hatseras, D., Karas, S., Karydis, K., Lambrou, S., Louridas, G., Manolis, A., Nanas, J., Novas, I., Panagiotidou, T., Papadopoulos, C., Papakonstantinou, D., Papasteriadis, E., Pavlidis, P., Pyrgakis, V., Skoufas, P., Stavrati, A., Tyrologos, A., Vardas, P., Vrouchos, G., Zacharoulis, A., Zarifis, J., Brown, A., Daly, K., Fennell, W., Horgan, J., Mccann, H., Mcdonald, K., O'Reilly, M., Sullivan, P., Altamura, G., Ambrosio, G., Auteri, A., Aveta, P., Azzarito, M., Badano, L. P., Barbiero, M., Barletta, C., Biscosi, C., Boccanelli, A., Bottero, M., Brizio, E., Brunazzi, M. C., Brunelli, C., Bugatti, U., Capozi, A., Capucci, A., Carfora, A., Caronna, A., Carrone, M., Casazza, F., Cauticci, A., Ceci, V., Ciconte, V., Circo, A., Ciricugno, S., Comito, F., Cornacchia, D., Corsini, G., D'Andrea, F., De Rosa, P., De Simone, M., Del Citerna, F., Del Pinto, M., Dell'Ali, C., Della Casa, S., Della Monica, R., Delogu, G., Di Biase, M., Di Chiara, A., Di Guardo, G., Di Marco, S., Di Mario, F., Di Napoli, T., Di Palma, F., Fadin, B. M., Fazzari, M., Ferraiuolo, G., Fiaschetti, R., Fontanelli, A., Fresco, C., Gambelli, G., Gasbarri, F., Gemelli, M., Giani, P., Gigantino, A., Giomi, A., Giorgi, G., Greco, C., Gregorio, G., Guagnozzi, G., Guiducci, U., Guzzardi, G., Izzo, A., La Rosa, A., Leone, F., Leone, G., Lo Bianco, F., Locuratolo, N., Maggiolini, S., Malinconico, M., Mancone, C., Mangiameli, S., Marchi, S. M., Maresta, A., Mauri, F., Mazzini, C. A., Michisanti, M., Miracapillo, G., Modena, M. G., Morgagni, G. L., Mossuti, E., Nascimbeni, F., Negrelli, M., Notaristefano, A., Pardi, S., Peci, P., Pettinati, G., Pietropaolo, F., Pirelli, S., Pretolani, M., Prinzi, D., Proietti, F., Raganelli, L., Rapino, S., Re, F., Ricci, R., Rinaldi, G., Rusticali, G., Severi, S., Spallarossa, P., Tartagni, F., Terrosu, P., Tortorella, G., Tota, F., Tritto, I., Tuccilo, B., Turco, V., Uscio, G., Valagussa, F., Vergoni, W., Verzuri, M. S., Vetrano, A., Villani, R., Zanini, R., Boisante, L., Niclou, R., Alcocer, L., Castro, A., Fragoso, J., Gonzalez, V., Gonzalez-Pacheco, H., Hernandez-Santamaria, I., Huerta, R., Huerta, D., Martinez, A., Mendoza, M., Moguel, R., Navarro, J., Portos, J. M., Rodriguez, I., Sierra, L., Valencia, S., Vazquez, A., Arnold, A. E. R., Boehmer, A. G., de Graaf, J. J., Funke Kupper, A. J., Gobel, E. J. A. M., Janus, C. L., Linssen, G. C. M., Sedney, M. I., Slegers, L. C., Spierenburg, H. A. M., Strikwerda, S., Tans, J. G. M., Twisk, S. P. M., van der Heijden, R., van Kalmthout, P. M., Verheugt, F. W. A., Holt, E., Skogsholm, A., Thorshaug, R., Thybo, N. K., Wang, H., Maciejewicz, J., Piotrowski, W., Pluta, W., Ruminski, W., Skura, M., Smielak-Korombel, W., Carranca, J., Carvalho, M., Catarino, C., Cunha, D., Ferreira, D., Ferreira, J., Ferreira da Costa, A. F., Lopes de Carvalho, J., Martins, L., Mourao, L., Oliveira Carrageta, M., Prazeres de Sa, E., Puig, J., Ramalho Dos Santos, M. J. J., Resende, M., Seabra Gomes, R., Baig, M. M. E., Bayat, J., Benjamin, J. D., Ranjith, N., Routier, R., Wittmer, H., Abizanda Campos, R., Alonso Garcia, M. A., Amaro Cendon, A., Arboleda Sanchez, J. A., Blanco Varela, J., Bruguera I Cortada, J., Carpintero Avellaneda, J. L., Caturla Such, J., Civeira Murillo, E., Fernandez Aviles, F., Fernandez Fernandez, R., Figueras Bellot, J., Fiol Sala, M., Froufe Sanchez, J., Garcia Calabozo, R., Garcia Palacios, J. L., Gonzalez Maqueda, I., Kallmeyer Martin, C., Lopez Sendon, J. L., Manzano Ramirez, A., Marine Rebull, J., Monton Rodriguez, A., Pique Gilart, M., Reina Toral, A., Rodriguez Llorian, A., Ruano Marco, M., Sanchez Miralles, A., Sanjose Garagarza, J. M., Santalo Bel, M., Torres Ruiz, J. M., Valentin Segura, V., Ahlstrom, P., Ahremark, U., Bandh, S., Bellinetto, A., Dahlberg, A., Hansen, O., Hurtig, U., Jonasson, L., Karlsson, J. E., Larsson, L. E., Moller, B., Ohlin, H., Persson, H., Sandstedt, L., Soderberg, S., Svennberg, L., Swahn, E., Tygesen, H., Broccard, A. F., Estlinbaum, W., Follath, F., Frutiger, A., Hess, N., Maggiorini, M., Marti, D., Muller, P., Rickenbacher, P., Schaller, M. D., Weinbacher, M., Abdulali, S., Ahmad, G., George, S., Ghazi, A., Rao, K. N., Bishop, A., Bridges, A., Canepa-Anson, R., Cave, M., Clarck, R., Cooper, I., de Belder, A., Farrer, M., Kendall, J. M., Ludman, P., Mattu, R., Mcglinchey, P., Moriarty, A. J., Muthusamy, S., Nee, P. A., Nolan, J., Papouchado, M., Rose, E. L., Shahi, M., Stephens, J., Trevelyan, J., Abdul-Karim, A., Adler, L., Arunasalam, S., Avington, D., Baron, S., Beel, T., Bellamy, B., Bennett, J., Berndt, T., Berrick, A., Bersin, R. M., Bethala, V., Bharath, S., Bouchard, A., Boulet, J. E., Bowerman, R., Boyek, T., Brar, R. S., Brodell, G., Bryant, B., Buckner, J. K., Cage, J., Cannon, J. D., Carducci, B., Carr, K., Chang, M., Chelliah, N., Chin, W. L., Chin, J., Church, D. H., Clark, R., Coulis, L., Dadkhah, S., Dearing, B., Defranco, A., Dharawat, M., Dharawat, R., Dhruva, N., Dicola, J., Dykstra, G., Eisenberg, S., El-Bialy, A., Fera, S., Ford, K., Foreman, R. D., Friedman, S., Friedman, V., Garibian, G., Gelormini, J., Geninatti, M. R., Genovese, R., Ghazi, F., Gilchrist, I., Gitler, B., Glover, R., Gonzalez, J., Goulah, R., Graham, B., Gray, R., Grodman, R., Habib, G. B., Hack, T., Hamroff, G., Hanna, G., Hart, M., Haught, H., Hawkins, J., Hempel, R., Hiremath, Y., Hiser, W., Holland, E., Jaffe, N., Jamal, N., James, K. F., Kalla, S., Kates, M., Kemper, A. J., Kennedy, J. J., Kerut, E. K., Killpack, M., King, J., T. Y., Ko, Kollar, K., Kontos, M., Kugelmassluu, A., Kumar, A., Kutscher, A. H., Lambrecht, C., Lancaster, L., Layden, J., Lazar, A., Lebow, M., Lee, C., Lee, A. B., Lehr, J., Levin, F. L., Levitt, R., Levy, R. M., Lieberman, A., Litman, G. I., Lui, H., Luu, M. Q., Macdonald, G., Madyoon, H., Mancherje, C., Marmulstein, M., Mclaurin, B. T., Mcnellis, M., Mendelson, R., Micale, P. J., Miller, M. J., Miller, M. S., Miller, J., Millman, A., Millsaps, R., Minor, S., Modica, J., Morse, H., Moskovits, N., Nester, B. A., Newton, A. S., Niazi, I., Niederman, A., Oatfield, R., Painter, J. A., Pamfilis, S. M., Pamulapati, K. M., Patel, N., Payne, R., Pearson, C., Peizner, D. S., Petrovich, L., Piriz, J., Pollack, M., Pollock, S., Popkave, A., Puma, J. A., Quesada, R., Quigley-Malcolm, D., Raby, K., Ravindran, K., Rees, A. P., Reiner, J., Rivera, E., Rogers, F., Rosenthal, A., Rowe, W. W., Ryan, P. F., Ryman, K., Salacata, A., Santolin, C., Saucedo, J., Savage, R., Savage, W., Schumacher, R., Segarra, S., Sharkey, S., Shonkoff, D., Silver, M., Silver, S. L., Singh, G., Sinyard, R. D., Sporn, D., Srivastava, N. K., Stomel, R., Suresh, D. P., Tallman, M., Togioka, T., Varma, S., Verant, R. P., Wallach, R., Weinberg, M., Weinberg, D., Weinstein, J. M., Wesley, G., Westerman, J. H., Wheeling, J., Whitaker, J., Widmer, M., Yasin, M., and Zakrzewski, M. J.

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Abciximab, Ischemia, Myocardial Infarction, Tenecteplase, Injections, Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments, Reperfusion therapy, Fibrinolytic Agents, Recurrence, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Myocardial infarction, Enoxaparin, Aged, Intention-to-treat analysis, Chi-Square Distribution, business.industry, Heparin, Antibodies, Monoclonal, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Survival Analysis, Regimen, Treatment Outcome, Anesthesia, Tissue Plasminogen Activator, Cardiology, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, business, Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors, medicine.drug
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Current fibrinolytic therapies fail to achieve optimum reperfusion in many patients. Low-molecular-weight heparins and platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors have shown the potential to improve pharmacological reperfusion therapy. We did a randomised, open-label trial to compare the efficacy and safety of tenecteplase plus enoxaparin or abciximab, with that of tenecteplase plus weight-adjusted unfractionated heparin in patients with acute myocardial infarction. METHODS: 6095 patients with acute myocardial infarction of less than 6 h were randomly assigned one of three regimens: full-dose tenecteplase and enoxaparin for a maximum of 7 days (enoxaparin group; n=2040), half-dose tenecteplase with weight-adjusted low-dose unfractionated heparin and a 12-h infusion of abciximab (abciximab group; n=2017), or full-dose tenecteplase with weight-adjusted unfractionated heparin for 48 h (unfractionated heparin group; n=2038). The primary endpoints were the composites of 30-day mortality, in-hospital reinfarction, or in-hospital refractory ischaemia (efficacy endpoint), and the above endpoint plus in-hospital intracranial haemorrhage or in-hospital major bleeding complications (efficacy plus safety endpoint). Analysis was by intention to treat. FINDINGS: There were significantly fewer efficacy endpoints in the enoxaparin and abciximab groups than in the unfractionated heparin group: 233/2037 (11.4%) versus 315/2038 (15.4%; relative risk 0.74 [95% CI 0.63-0.87], p=0.0002) for enoxaparin, and 223/2017 (11.1%) versus 315/2038 (15.4%; 0.72 [0.61-0.84], p

Published
2001

25. 167 DONOR/RECIPIENT SEVEN GENE SIGNATURE (CIRRHOSIS RISK SCORE) AND DONOR AGE AS PREDICTORS OF LIVER FIBROSIS PROGRESSION DUE TO HEPATITIS C RECURRENCE AFTER LIVER TRANSPLANTATION

Author

Lenisa, I., primary, Layden, J., additional, Cmet, S., additional, Marcolongo, M., additional, Dissegna, D., additional, Cussigh, A., additional, Bitetto, D., additional, Falleti, E., additional, Fabris, C., additional, Alberti, A., additional, and Toniutto, P., additional

Published
2013
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27. OC-19 Donor/recipient seven gene signature (cirrhosis risk score) and donor age as predictors of liver fibrosis progression due to hepatitis C recurrence after liver transplantation

Author

Lenisa, I., primary, Marcolongo, M., additional, Layden, J., additional, Cmet, S., additional, De Feo, T., additional, Mantovani, M., additional, Dissegna, D., additional, Cussigh, A., additional, Bitetto, D., additional, Falleti, E., additional, Fabris, C., additional, Piccolo, G., additional, Alberti, A., additional, and Toniutto, P., additional

Published
2013
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37. Global prevalence, treatment, and prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in 2016: a modelling study

Author

Mei Hsuan Lee, Maurizia Rossana Brunetto, Stefan Mauss, Sabahattin Kaymakoglu, CE Omuemu, Danjuma Adda, Philip Bruggmann, Beat Müllhaupt, Trân D Quang, Peter Jarcuska, Man-Fung Yuen, George V. Papatheodoridis, Rohani Jahis, Ding-Shinn Chen, Necati Örmeci, Christophe Moreno, Angelos Hatzakis, Antoine Abou Rached, Boris Lukšić, Thomas Berg, Renovat Ntagirabiri, Kathryn Razavi-Shearer, Sarah Blach, Gabriela Rjaskova, Samantha M Brandon, Jen Layden, Ohene Opare-Sem, Maria C Mendes Correa, Stefano Vella, Jan Sperl, Vincent Wai-Sun Wong, Hwai I. Yang, Stephen Oguche, Richard Njouom, Cielo Yaneth Rios, Yee Tak Hui, Behzad Hajarizadeh, Andy I. M. Hoepelman, Javier García-Samaniego, Ammal M. Metwally, Ivane Gamkrelidze, Julia A. Scott, Said A. Al-Busafi, Valentina Liakina, Zaigham Abbas, Olga Sagalova, Rifaat Safadi, Michael Manns, William Sievert, Seyed M Alavian, Kakharman Yesmembetov, Manal H El-Sayed, Juan Francisco Sánchez-Ávila, Wan-Long Chuang, Peter Stärkel, Ziv Ben-Ari, Chris Cunningham, Homie Razavi, Erkin Musabaev, Ulus Salih Akarca, Petr Urbánek, Gamal Shiha, Muhammed Aasim M Yusuf, Nina Weis, Hossein Poustchi, Ilias Gountas, E. A. Croes, Ayman Yosry, Reza Malekzadeh, Kostas Athanasakis, Agustín Albillos, Faleh Z. Al-Faleh, Christoph Sarrazin, Maria Buti, Arif Nawaz, Chung-Lin Yang, Kimberly Murphy, Adriana Vince, Aliya Konysbekova, Soek Siam Tan, Loreta A. Kondili, Mojca Matičič, Karolin Falconer, Hailemichael Desalegn, Alexander Nersesov, Ogu Omede, N. N. Pimenov, Nahum Méndez-Sánchez, Benjamin C Cowie, Helen Nde, Wai-cheung C Lao, Jordan Genov, Imam Waked, Joël Mossong, Ala I. Sharara, Henry Lik-Yuen Chan, Vivek A. Saraswat, Diego Alberto Cuellar, Devin Razavi-Shearer, Abraham O. Malu, Rui Tato Marinho, Huma Qureshi, Markus Cornberg, Faisal M. Sanai, Ching-kong K Loo, David Kershenobich, Pavol Kristian, Paulo R. Ferreira, Mel Krajden, Moon Seok Choi, Junko Tanaka, Faryal Al Lawati, Jonathan Schmelzer, Ann-Sofi Duberg, Jan Gerstoft, Lewis R. Roberts, Francesco Negro, Khalid Al Naamani, Wim Laleman, Solomon Obekpa, Henk W. Reesink, Tesia Shin, Richard Gray, Alnoor Ramji, Fadi H. Mourad, Abdul Rahman Bizri, Joop E. Arends, Shahin Merat, Krzysztof Tomasiewicz, Adkhamjon Mamatkulov, Jerzy Jaroszewicz, Peer Brehm Christensen, Adriaan J. van der Meer, Maheeba Abdulla, Frank Tacke, Cesar Yaghi, Pierre Van Damme, Christopher K Opio, Yasir Waheed, Joseph Woodring, Ponsiano Ocama, Zuridin Nurmatov, Bisi Bright, Van Thi Thuy Nguyen, Perttu Arkkila, Nick Walsh, Catherine A.M. Stedman, Mette Rye Clausen, Vladimir Chulanov, Antonio Craxì, Christophe Hézode, Abdulrahman Aljumah, Jeffrey V. Lazarus, Fuad Hasan, Sarah Robbins, Sona Frankova, Adrian Goldis, Rong-Nan Chien, Chris Estes, Stephen D. Ryder, Nguyen Thu Anh, Abate Bane, Muhammad S. Memon, Ken Pasini, Ivan Schréter, Sameer Alawadhi, Stuart K. Roberts, Steve S Egeonu, Anil C. Anand, Riina Salupere, Massimo Colombo, Giovanni Battista Gaeta, Maria Lucia Gomes Ferraz, Rosmawati Mohamed, Sylvia Drazilova, Hans Van Vlierberghe, Soo Aleman, Naveed Z. Janjua, Irena Hrstić, Manik Sharma, Carlos E Brandão Mello, Mario G. Pessoa, Berhane Redae, Mindie H. Nguyen, Petr Husa, Vana Sypsa, Samir Shah, Jacques E Mokhbat, Robert Flisiak, Carole Seguin-Devaux, Asad Chaudhry, Inka Aho, Sayed Himatt, Hamad I. Al-Ashgar, Young-Suk Lim, Stefan Zeuzem, University of Zurich, Polaris Observatory Collaborators, Polaris Observ Collaborators, AGEM - Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Experimental Immunology, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Razavi-Shearer D, Gamkrelidze I, Nguyen MH, Chen DS, Van Damme P, Abbas Z, Abdulla M, Abou Rached A, Adda D, Aho I, Akarca U, Hasan F, Al Lawati F, Al Naamani K, Al-Ashgar HI, Alavian SM, Alawadhi S, Albillos A, Al-Busafi SA, Aleman S, Alfaleh FZ, Aljumah AA, Anand AC, Anh NT, Arends JE, Arkkila P, Athanasakis K, Bane A, Ben-Ari Z, Berg T, Bizri AR, Blach S, Brandão Mello CE, Brandon SM, Bright B, Bruggmann P, Brunetto M, Buti M, Chan HLY, Chaudhry A, Chien RN, Choi MS, Christensen PB, Chuang WL, Chulanov V, Clausen MR, Colombo M, Cornberg M, Cowie B, Craxi A, Croes EA, Cuellar DA, Cunningham C, Desalegn H, Drazilova S, Duberg AS, Egeonu SS, El-Sayed MH, Estes C, Falconer K, Ferraz MLG, Ferreira PR, Flisiak R, Frankova S, Gaeta GB, García-Samaniego J, Genov J, Gerstoft J, Goldis A, Gountas I, Gray R, Guimarães Pessôa M, Hajarizadeh B, Hatzakis A, Hézode C, Himatt SM, Hoepelman A, Hrstic I, Hui YT, Husa P, Jahis R, Janjua NZ, Jarčuška P, Jaroszewicz J, Kaymakoglu S, Kershenobich D, Kondili LA, Konysbekova A, Krajden M, Kristian P, Laleman W, Lao WC, Layden J, Lazarus JV, Lee MH, Liakina V, Lim YS, Loo CK, Lukšić B, Malekzadeh R, Malu AO, Mamatkulov A, Manns M, Marinho RT, Maticic M, Mauss S, Memon MS, Mendes Correa MC, Mendez-Sanchez N, Merat S, Metwally AM, Mohamed R, Mokhbat JE, Moreno C, Mossong J, Mourad FH, Müllhaupt B, Murphy K, Musabaev E, Nawaz A, Nde HM, Negro F, Nersesov A, Nguyen VTT, Njouom R, Ntagirabiri R, Nurmatov Z, Obekpa S, Ocama P, Oguche S, Omede O, Omuemu C, Opare-Sem O, Opio CK, Örmeci N, Papatheodoridis G, Pasini K, Pimenov N, Poustchi H, Quang TD, Qureshi H, Ramji A, Razavi-Shearer K, Redae B, Reesink HW, Rios CY, Rjaskova G, Robbins S, Roberts LR, Roberts SK, Ryder SD, Safadi R, Sagalova O, Salupere R, Sanai FM, Sanchez-Avila JF, Saraswat V, Sarrazin C, Schmelzer JD, Schréter I, Scott J, Seguin-Devaux C, Shah SR, Sharara AI, Sharma M, Shiha GE, Shin T, Sievert W, Sperl J, Stärkel P, Stedman C, Sypsa V, Tacke F, Tan SS, Tanaka J, Tomasiewicz K, Urbanek P, van der Meer AJ, Van Vlierberghe H, Vella S, Vince A, Waheed Y, Waked I, Walsh N, Weis N, Wong VW, Woodring J, Yaghi C, Yang HI, Yang CL, Yesmembetov K, Yosry A, Yuen MF, Yusuf MAM, Zeuzem S, Razavi H., Negro, Francesco, Razavi-Shearer, Devin, Gamkrelidze, Ivane, Nguyen, Mindie H, Chen, Ding-Shinn, Van Damme, Pierre, Abbas, Zaigham, Abdulla, Maheeba, Abou Rached, Antoine, Adda, Danjuma, Aho, Inka, Akarca, Ulu, Hasan, Fuad, Al Lawati, Faryal, Al Naamani, Khalid, Al-Ashgar, Hamad Ibrahim, Alavian, Seyed M, Alawadhi, Sameer, Albillos, Agustin, Al-Busafi, Said A, Aleman, Soo, Alfaleh, Faleh Z, Aljumah, Abdulrahman A, Anand, Anil C, Anh, Nguyen Thu, Arends, Joop E, Arkkila, Perttu, Athanasakis, Kosta, Bane, Abate, Ben-Ari, Ziv, Berg, Thoma, Bizri, Abdul R, Blach, Sarah, Brandão Mello, Carlos E, Brandon, Samantha M, Bright, Bisi, Bruggmann, Philip, Brunetto, Maurizia, Buti, Maria, Chan, Henry L Y, Chaudhry, Asad, Chien, Rong-Nan, Choi, Moon S, Christensen, Peer B, Chuang, Wan-Long, Chulanov, Vladimir, Clausen, Mette R, Colombo, Massimo, Cornberg, Marku, Cowie, Benjamin, Craxi, Antonio, Croes, Esther A, Cuellar, Diego Alberto, Cunningham, Chri, Desalegn, Hailemichael, Drazilova, Sylvia, Duberg, Ann-Sofi, Egeonu, Steve S, El-Sayed, Manal H, Estes, Chri, Falconer, Karolin, Ferraz, Maria L G, Ferreira, Paulo R, Flisiak, Robert, Frankova, Sona, Gaeta, Giovanni B, García-Samaniego, Javier, Genov, Jordan, Gerstoft, Jan, Goldis, Adrian, Gountas, Ilia, Gray, Richard, Guimarães Pessôa, Mário, Hajarizadeh, Behzad, Hatzakis, Angelo, Hézode, Christophe, Himatt, Sayed M, Hoepelman, Andy, Hrstic, Irena, Hui, Yee-Tak T, Husa, Petr, Jahis, Rohani, Janjua, Naveed Z, Jarčuška, Peter, Jaroszewicz, Jerzy, Kaymakoglu, Sabahattin, Kershenobich, David, Kondili, Loreta A, Konysbekova, Aliya, Krajden, Mel, Kristian, Pavol, Laleman, Wim, Lao, Wai-cheung C, Layden, Jen, Lazarus, Jeffrey V, Lee, Mei-Hsuan, Liakina, Valentina, Lim, Young-Suk S, Loo, Ching-kong K, Lukšić, Bori, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malu, Abraham O, Mamatkulov, Adkhamjon, Manns, Michael, Marinho, Rui T, Maticic, Mojca, Mauss, Stefan, Memon, Muhammad S, Mendes Correa, Maria C, Mendez-Sanchez, Nahum, Merat, Shahin, Metwally, Ammal M, Mohamed, Rosmawati, Mokhbat, Jacques E, Moreno, Christophe, Mossong, Joel, Mourad, Fadi H, Müllhaupt, Beat, Murphy, Kimberly, Musabaev, Erkin, Nawaz, Arif, Nde, Helen M, Nersesov, Alexander, Nguyen, Van Thi Thuy, Njouom, Richard, Ntagirabiri, Renovat, Nurmatov, Zuridin, Obekpa, Solomon, Ocama, Ponsiano, Oguche, Stephen, Omede, Ogu, Omuemu, Casimir, Opare-Sem, Ohene, Opio, Christopher K, Örmeci, Necati, Papatheodoridis, George, Pasini, Ken, Pimenov, Nikolay, Poustchi, Hossein, Quang, Trân D, Qureshi, Huma, Ramji, Alnoor, Razavi-Shearer, Kathryn, Redae, Berhane, Reesink, Henk W, Rios, Cielo Yaneth, Rjaskova, Gabriela, Robbins, Sarah, Roberts, Lewis R, Roberts, Stuart K, Ryder, Stephen D, Safadi, Rifaat, Sagalova, Olga, Salupere, Riina, Sanai, Faisal M, Sanchez-Avila, Juan F, Saraswat, Vivek, Sarrazin, Christoph, Schmelzer, Jonathan D, Schréter, Ivan, Scott, Julia, Seguin-Devaux, Carole, Shah, Samir R, Sharara, Ala I, Sharma, Manik, Shiha, Gamal E, Shin, Tesia, Sievert, William, Sperl, Jan, Stärkel, Peter, Stedman, Catherine, Sypsa, Vana, Tacke, Frank, Tan, Soek S, Tanaka, Junko, Tomasiewicz, Krzysztof, Urbanek, Petr, van der Meer, Adriaan J, Van Vlierberghe, Han, Vella, Stefano, Vince, Adriana, Waheed, Yasir, Waked, Imam, Walsh, Nichola, Weis, Nina, Wong, Vincent W, Woodring, Joseph, Yaghi, Cesar, Yang, Hwai-I, Yang, Chung-Lin, Yesmembetov, Kakharman, Yosry, Ayman, Yuen, Man-Fung, Yusuf, Muhammed Aasim M, Zeuzem, Stefan, and Razavi, Homie

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE. Clinical Medical Sciences, HBsAg, Pediatrics, Delphi Technique, Infectious Disease Transmission, CHRONIC HBV INFECTION, NATURAL-HISTORY, FOLLOW-UP, HBSAG, CARRIERS, AGE, COUNTRIES, DISEASE, ANTIGEN, COHORT, ddc:616.07, Global Health, medicine.disease_cause, 0302 clinical medicine, Prevalence, HBV, Child, ddc:616, Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use, education.field_of_study, BIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO. Kliničke medicinske znanosti, Chronic/drug therapy/epidemiology/prevention & control/transmission, Gastroenterology, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/blood, Hepatitis B, 10219 Clinic for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Child, Preschool, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Viral hepatitis, Viral load, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Hepatitis B vaccine, Population, 610 Medicine & health, Antiviral Agents, Mass Vaccination, Hepatology, 03 medical and health sciences, Hepatitis B, Chronic, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, medicine, Humans, 2715 Gastroenterology, Preschool, education, Disease burden, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis B Surface Antigens, business.industry, Viral Vaccines, medicine.disease, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Vertical/prevention & control, 030104 developmental biology, 2721 Hepatology, Human medicine, business
Abstract

PubMed: 29599078, 2-s2.0-85044540918, Background: The 69th World Health Assembly approved the Global Health Sector Strategy to eliminate viral hepatitis by 2030. Although no virological cure exists for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, existing therapies to control viral replication and prophylaxis to minimise mother-to-child transmission make elimination of HBV feasible. We aimed to estimate the national, regional, and global prevalence of HBsAg in the general population and in the population aged 5 years in 2016, as well as coverage of prophylaxis, diagnosis, and treatment. Methods: In this modelling study, we used a Delphi process that included a literature review in PubMed and Embase, followed by interviews with experts, to quantify the historical epidemiology of HBV infection. We then used a dynamic HBV transmission and progression model to estimate the country-level and regional-level prevalence of HBsAg in 2016 and the effect of prophylaxis and treatment on disease burden. Findings: We developed models for 120 countries, 78 of which were populated with data approved by experts. Using these models, we estimated that the global prevalence of HBsAg in 2016 was 3·9% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 3·4–4·6), corresponding to 291 992 000 (251 513 000–341 114 000) infections. Of these infections, around 29 million (10%) were diagnosed, and only 4·8 million (5%) of 94 million individuals eligible for treatment actually received antiviral therapy. Around 1·8 (1·6–2·2) million infections were in children aged 5 years, with a prevalence of 1·4% (1·2–1·6). We estimated that 87% of infants had received the three-dose HBV vaccination in the first year of life, 46% had received timely birth-dose vaccination, and 13% had received hepatitis B immunoglobulin along with the full vaccination regimen. Less than 1% of mothers with a high viral load had received antiviral therapy to reduce mother-to-child transmission. Interpretation: Our estimate of HBV prevalence in 2016 differs from previous studies, potentially because we took into account the effect of infant prophylaxis and early childhood vaccination, as well as changing prevalence over time. Although some regions are well on their way to meeting prophylaxis and prevalence targets, all regions must substantially scale-up access to diagnosis and treatment to meet the global targets. Funding: John C Martin Foundation. © 2018 Elsevier Ltd, H28-kansei-ippan-001 National Academy of Sciences, NAS Novartis Roche World Health Organization, WHO Gilead Sciences Alnylam Pharmaceuticals AbbVie Meso Scale Diagnostics, MSD British Microcirculation Society, BMS Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, JSPS: 17H03589 Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, MHLW Vetenskapsrådet, VR Siemens Universiteit Antwerpen OLL-683801, DR-S, IGa, SB, SMB, CE, KM, HMN, KP, KR-S, SR, JDS, and HR report grants from John C Martin Foundation, during the conduct of the study, and grants from Gilead Sciences, AbbVie, WHO, National Academy of Sciences, Intercept Pharmaceuticals, and Boehringer Ingelheim, outside the submitted work. MHN reports grants and personal fees from Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMS), Gilead Sciences, and Janssen, and personal fees from Novartis, Anylam, and Dynavax, outside the submitted work. PVD acts as chief and principal investigator for vaccine trials done on behalf of the University of Antwerp, Belgium, for which the University obtains research grants from vaccine manufacturers; speaker's fees for presentations on vaccines are paid directly to an educational fund held by the University of Antwerp, and PVD receives no personal remuneration for this work. ACA reports personal fees from Mylan Pharmaceuticals, outside the submitted work. JEA reports fees paid to his hospital for participation on the advisory boards of Gilead Sciences, ViiV Healthcare, BMS, Janssen, and AbbVie, and grants from BMS, Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD), AbbVie, and ViiV Healthcare, outside the submitted work. TB reports grants, personal fees, and non-financial support from AbbVie and Gilead Sciences; grants and personal fees from BMS, Janssen, Roche, MSD, and Sequana Medical; and personal fees from Bayer, Vertex, Tibotec, Intercept, Sirtex, and Alexion, outside the submitted work. PB reports grants and personal fees from AbbVie, Gilead Sciences, and MSD, outside the submitted work. MBr reports personal fees from BMS, Gilead Sciences, and Janssen, and grants from BMS, outside the submitted work. HLYC reports personal fees from Gilead Sciences, BMS, AbbVie, Roche, MedImmune, and Intellia, outside the submitted work. PBC reports grants from AbbVie, Gilead Sciences, and MSD, outside the submitted work. VC reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Gilead Sciences, and MSD, and grants from BMS, outside the submitted work. MCor reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Biogen Idec, Falk Foundation, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, MSD, Roche Diagnostics, Roche Pharma, and Siemens, outside the submitted work. SD and PJ report personal fees and non-financial support from AbbVie and Gilead Sciences, and personal fees from MSD, outside the submitted work. MHE-S is an advisory board member for Perspectum Diagnostics, and reports grants and non-financial support from Gilead Sciences, and non-financial support from AbbVie and Quadri Pharma, outside the submitted work. RF reports grants, personal fees, and non-financial support from Roche and Gilead Sciences, and personal fees and non-financial support from BMS, outside the submitted work. GBG reports grants and personal fees from Gilead Sciences, outside the submitted work. JG-S reports grants and personal fees from Gilead Sciences, and personal fees from MSD, Abbvie, Janssen, and BMS, outside the submitted work. JGer reports grants and personal fees from AbbVie, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, MSD, BMS, and ViiV Healthcare, outside the submitted work. RG reports grants from New South Wales Ministry of Health and provided project advice regarding viral hepatitis treatment to Gilead Sciences, outside the submitted work. AHa reports unrestricted grants from AbbVie, MSD, Gilead Sciences, BMS, and Novartis, and non-financial support from Gilead Sciences, outside the submitted work; he was also on advisory boards for AbbVie, Gilead Sciences, and BMS. CH reports personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, and MSD, outside the submitted work. JJ reports personal fees and non-financial support from Gilead Sciences and AbbVie, and personal fees from Roche and BMS, outside the submitted work. MK reports grants from Roche, Siemens, Hologic, and Boerhinger Ingleheim, outside the submitted work. JVL reports grants and personal fees from Gilead Sciences and personal fees from Cepheid, outside the submitted work. MMan reports personal fees from Roche, BMS, GlaxoSmithKline, Aevi Genomic Medicine, ENYO Pharma, and CureVac, and grants and personal fees from Gilead Sciences and Novartis, outside the submitted work. SMau reports personal fees and non-financial support from Gilead Sciences and BMS, outside the submitted work. CM reports grants and personal fees from AbbVie, Gilead Sciences, and BMS; personal fees from MSD; and grants from Roche, outside the submitted work. BM reports grants and personal fees from Gilead Sciences and personal fees from AbbVie, MSD, BMS, Bayer, Intercept, and Sigma-Tau, during the conduct of the study. FN reports personal fees and non-financial support from Gilead Sciences, during the conduct of the study. AR reports grants and personal fees from AbbVie, Gilead, and MSD, and personal fees form BMS, Celgene, Janssen, Intercept, and Lupin, outside the submitted work. HWR reports grants and personal fees from AbbVie, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, ENYO Pharma, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, MSD, PRA Health Sciences, Regulus, and Roche; personal fees from Alnylam and R-Pharm; and grants from Replicor, outside the submitted work. LRR reports grants from the Center for Clinical and Translational Science and the Swedish Research Council (Ghana), during the conduct of the study. LRR also reports grants from Gilead Sciences, BTG, Ariad, and Wako, outside the submitted work, and was a consultant and advisory board member for Wako, Medscape, Axis, OncLive, Bayer, Tavec, and Grail. SDR has served as an advisory board member and speaker for Gilead Sciences, AbbVie, and MSD. OS has served as a consultant and on advisory boards for MSD; received research grants from AbbVie, BMS, MSD, Boehringer Ingelheim, R-Pharm, and Hepatera; and served as a speaker for Abbott, AbbVie, BMS, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, MSD, and R-Pharm. JFS-A reports personal fees from AbbVie and grants from Gilead Sciences and Janssen, outside the submitted work. CSa reports personal fees from Gilead Sciences and BMS, outside the submitted work. PS reports grants and personal fees from Gilead Sciences, AbbVie, and BMS, and personal fees from Intercept, outside the submitted work. CSt has consulted with and served on advisory boards for Gilead Sciences, AbbVie, and MSD. VSy reports grants and personal fees from Gilead Sciences, personal fees and non-financial support from AbbVie, and personal fees from Janssen, outside the submitted work. KT reports grants and personal fees from AbbVie, Gilead Sciences, and BMS; personal fees from MSD and Alfa Wasserman; and grants from Janssen, outside the submitted work. AJvdM reports grants and personal fees from Gilead Sciences and personal fees from AbbVie, outside the submitted work. IW reports personal fees from AbbVie, Gilead Sciences, Janssen, Marcyrl, Mylan, Onxio, and Pharco, outside the submitted work. NW reports personal fees paid to her department from AbbVie, BMS, Gilead Sciences, and MSD, outside the submitted work. VWW reports personal fees from Gilead Sciences, BMS, and MSD, outside the submitted work. M-FY was a speaker or advisory board member for AbbVie, BMS, Gilead Sciences, Roche, GlaxoSmithKline, Fujirebio, Biocartis, and MSD, outside the submitted work. SZ reports consultancy and lecture fees from AbbVie, Gilead Sciences, and MSD, and consultancy fees from Intercept, outside the submitted work. All other authors declare no competing interests., This study was funded by the John C Martin Foundation through the Polaris Observatory. We thank the Research on Hepatitis group (H28-kansei-ippan-001 and H25-kanen-ippan-010; led by JT), funded by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan, for their provision of country-level data for Japan, and Örebro County Council for providing ALF grants (OLL-683801) to A-SD, which allowed collection of country-level data for Sweden.

Published
2018

38. Royal advertising toothpaste pot lids.

Author

Pynn BR, Houghton B, Layden J, and Swanson BZ Jr

Subjects
Humans, Ceramics, Commerce, White People, United Kingdom, Advertising, Toothpastes
Abstract

Royal patronage is not something new. Engraved images of British royalty were used by early toothpaste manufacturers, dentists and perfumiers to convey royal endorsement to boost their product sales in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Packaged in high-quality ceramic pots, these toothpastes and powders promoted cleaning, beautifying and preserving the teeth and gums. These fascinating containers, sealed with a transfer-printed lid, feature inventive designs and typefaces and highlight sophisticated manufacturing and marketing skills to entice consumers. Many have been re-discovered from the excavation of former rubbish tips and are often the only tangible evidence of long defunct businesses that elected to use this latest form of packaging., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to the British Dental Association.)

Published
2024
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39. The Public Health Response to a Large Poisoning Outbreak Involving an Illicit Substance: Synthetic Cannabinoids Contaminated With a Long-Acting Anticoagulant Rodenticide, Illinois, March-July, 2018.

Author

Navon L, Moritz E, Austin C, Wahl M, Aks S, and Layden J

Subjects
Anticoagulants, Disease Outbreaks, Humans, Illinois epidemiology, Public Health, Cannabinoids toxicity, Rodenticides, Substance-Related Disorders epidemiology
Abstract

During March-July 2018, the Illinois Department of Public Health responded to an acute outbreak of severe coagulopathy among patients with recent synthetic cannabinoid use. Toxicological testing indicated that cases were exposed to brodifacoum, a long-acting anticoagulant rodenticide. A total of 174 confirmed and probable cases, including 5 deaths, were linked to this outbreak. On the basis of the experience of responding to this complex outbreak, we recommend several steps for consideration to improve health department preparation for acute outbreaks involving illicit substances including strengthening communication between public health and law enforcement agencies, reviewing legal authority to investigate noninfectious acute disease outbreaks, continuing strong partnerships with state poison control centers, partnering with substance abuse and mental health agencies to provide services to patients, and determining health department ability to rapidly enter into public-private partnership agreements.

Published
2020
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40. Enhanced contact investigations for nine early travel-related cases of SARS-CoV-2 in the United States.

Author

Burke RM, Balter S, Barnes E, Barry V, Bartlett K, Beer KD, Benowitz I, Biggs HM, Bruce H, Bryant-Genevier J, Cates J, Chatham-Stephens K, Chea N, Chiou H, Christiansen D, Chu VT, Clark S, Cody SH, Cohen M, Conners EE, Dasari V, Dawson P, DeSalvo T, Donahue M, Dratch A, Duca L, Duchin J, Dyal JW, Feldstein LR, Fenstersheib M, Fischer M, Fisher R, Foo C, Freeman-Ponder B, Fry AM, Gant J, Gautom R, Ghinai I, Gounder P, Grigg CT, Gunzenhauser J, Hall AJ, Han GS, Haupt T, Holshue M, Hunter J, Ibrahim MB, Jacobs MW, Jarashow MC, Joshi K, Kamali T, Kawakami V, Kim M, Kirking HL, Kita-Yarbro A, Klos R, Kobayashi M, Kocharian A, Lang M, Layden J, Leidman E, Lindquist S, Lindstrom S, Link-Gelles R, Marlow M, Mattison CP, McClung N, McPherson TD, Mello L, Midgley CM, Novosad S, Patel MT, Pettrone K, Pillai SK, Pray IW, Reese HE, Rhodes H, Robinson S, Rolfes M, Routh J, Rubin R, Rudman SL, Russell D, Scott S, Shetty V, Smith-Jeffcoat SE, Soda EA, Spitters C, Stierman B, Sunenshine R, Terashita D, Traub E, Vahey GM, Verani JR, Wallace M, Westercamp M, Wortham J, Xie A, Yousaf A, and Zahn M

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Betacoronavirus isolation & purification, COVID-19, Child, Coronavirus Infections diagnosis, Coronavirus Infections virology, Family Characteristics, Female, Health Personnel, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral diagnosis, Pneumonia, Viral virology, SARS-CoV-2, Travel-Related Illness, United States, Young Adult, Contact Tracing, Coronavirus Infections transmission, Pneumonia, Viral transmission
Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was first identified in Wuhan, China and has since become pandemic. In response to the first cases identified in the United States, close contacts of confirmed COVID-19 cases were investigated to enable early identification and isolation of additional cases and to learn more about risk factors for transmission. Close contacts of nine early travel-related cases in the United States were identified and monitored daily for development of symptoms (active monitoring). Selected close contacts (including those with exposures categorized as higher risk) were targeted for collection of additional exposure information and respiratory samples. Respiratory samples were tested for SARS-CoV-2 by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Four hundred four close contacts were actively monitored in the jurisdictions that managed the travel-related cases. Three hundred thirty-eight of the 404 close contacts provided at least basic exposure information, of whom 159 close contacts had ≥1 set of respiratory samples collected and tested. Across all actively monitored close contacts, two additional symptomatic COVID-19 cases (i.e., secondary cases) were identified; both secondary cases were in spouses of travel-associated case patients. When considering only household members, all of whom had ≥1 respiratory sample tested for SARS-CoV-2, the secondary attack rate (i.e., the number of secondary cases as a proportion of total close contacts) was 13% (95% CI: 4-38%). The results from these contact tracing investigations suggest that household members, especially significant others, of COVID-19 cases are at highest risk of becoming infected. The importance of personal protective equipment for healthcare workers is also underlined. Isolation of persons with COVID-19, in combination with quarantine of exposed close contacts and practice of everyday preventive behaviors, is important to mitigate spread of COVID-19., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Published
2020
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41. Notes from the Field: Characteristics of Tetrahydrocannabinol-Containing E-cigarette, or Vaping, Products Used by Adults - Illinois, September-October 2019.

Author

Navon L, Ghinai I, and Layden J

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Dronabinol adverse effects, Humans, Illinois epidemiology, Lung Injury epidemiology, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult, Dronabinol analysis, Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems statistics & numerical data, Vaping epidemiology
Abstract

Competing Interests: All authors have completed and submitted the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.

Published
2020
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42. Vitamin E Acetate in Bronchoalveolar-Lavage Fluid Associated with EVALI.

Author

Blount BC, Karwowski MP, Shields PG, Morel-Espinosa M, Valentin-Blasini L, Gardner M, Braselton M, Brosius CR, Caron KT, Chambers D, Corstvet J, Cowan E, De Jesús VR, Espinosa P, Fernandez C, Holder C, Kuklenyik Z, Kusovschi JD, Newman C, Reis GB, Rees J, Reese C, Silva L, Seyler T, Song MA, Sosnoff C, Spitzer CR, Tevis D, Wang L, Watson C, Wewers MD, Xia B, Heitkemper DT, Ghinai I, Layden J, Briss P, King BA, Delaney LJ, Jones CM, Baldwin GT, Patel A, Meaney-Delman D, Rose D, Krishnasamy V, Barr JR, Thomas J, and Pirkle JL

Subjects
Acute Lung Injury etiology, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Cigarette Smoking, Coconut Oil analysis, Female, Humans, Limonene analysis, Male, Middle Aged, United States, Young Adult, Acute Lung Injury pathology, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid chemistry, Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems, Vaping adverse effects, Vitamin E analysis
Abstract

Background: The causative agents for the current national outbreak of electronic-cigarette, or vaping, product use-associated lung injury (EVALI) have not been established. Detection of toxicants in bronchoalveolar-lavage (BAL) fluid from patients with EVALI can provide direct information on exposure within the lung., Methods: BAL fluids were collected from 51 patients with EVALI in 16 states and from 99 healthy participants who were part of an ongoing study of smoking involving nonsmokers, exclusive users of e-cigarettes or vaping products, and exclusive cigarette smokers that was initiated in 2015. Using the BAL fluid, we performed isotope dilution mass spectrometry to measure several priority toxicants: vitamin E acetate, plant oils, medium-chain triglyceride oil, coconut oil, petroleum distillates, and diluent terpenes., Results: State and local health departments assigned EVALI case status as confirmed for 25 patients and as probable for 26 patients. Vitamin E acetate was identified in BAL fluid obtained from 48 of 51 case patients (94%) in 16 states but not in such fluid obtained from the healthy comparator group. No other priority toxicants were found in BAL fluid from the case patients or the comparator group, except for coconut oil and limonene, which were found in 1 patient each. Among the case patients for whom laboratory or epidemiologic data were available, 47 of 50 (94%) had detectable tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or its metabolites in BAL fluid or had reported vaping THC products in the 90 days before the onset of illness. Nicotine or its metabolites were detected in 30 of 47 of the case patients (64%)., Conclusions: Vitamin E acetate was associated with EVALI in a convenience sample of 51 patients in 16 states across the United States. (Funded by the National Cancer Institute and others.)., (Copyright © 2019 Massachusetts Medical Society.)

Published
2020
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43. The longitudinal effects of a physical activity programme on the physical fitness and disability of back pain patients: Service evaluation.

Author

Bloxham SR, Layden J, Jane B, Peers C, and Scragg S

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Back Pain physiopathology, Body Composition, Disability Evaluation, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Treatment Outcome, Back Pain therapy, Exercise physiology, Exercise Therapy methods, Muscle Strength physiology, Physical Fitness physiology, Range of Motion, Articular physiology
Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the longitudinal effect of a group physical activity service to help patients self-manage un-resolving back pain., Background: Back pain is one of the most common and costly conditions. Large scale trials have demonstrated a role for less traditional treatment including exercise, yet the long term effects of patient centred, group physical activity programmes remains unclear., Methods: One hundred and eighty-one un-resolving back pain patients (aged 53 ± 17 years) completed a 6 × 2 h physical activity programme. All activities were relevant to activities of daily living and incorporated activities to develop aerobic fitness, flexibility, core activation, and muscular strength and endurance. Dietary advice, home diaries and pedometers were provided., Results: Measures of back pain, aerobic fitness, muscular endurance and body composition showed significant (p< 0.05) pre-post intervention improvements. Disability rating decreased by 19% alongside improvements in aerobic fitness (15%), back extension (36%) back flexion (16%) and grip strength (5%). Six month follow up identified (p< 0.05) reductions in body fat (6.5%) whilst aerobic fitness, disability rating and muscular strength and endurance remained stable., Conclusion: Group physical activity programmes could contribute to the self-management of back pain, enabling sustained improvements in fitness, physical activity and body fatness.

Published
2020
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44. Multicenter Outbreak of Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infections in Hemodialysis Patients.

Author

Novosad SA, Lake J, Nguyen D, Soda E, Moulton-Meissner H, Pho MT, Gualandi N, Bepo L, Stanton RA, Daniels JB, Turabelidze G, Van Allen K, Arduino M, Halpin AL, Layden J, and Patel PR

Subjects
Aged, Bacteremia microbiology, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections microbiology, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Outpatients, Retrospective Studies, United States epidemiology, Bacteremia epidemiology, Cross Infection epidemiology, Disease Outbreaks statistics & numerical data, Gram-Negative Bacteria isolation & purification, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections epidemiology, Renal Dialysis adverse effects
Abstract

Rationale & Objective: Contaminated water and other fluids are increasingly recognized to be associated with health care-associated infections. We investigated an outbreak of Gram-negative bloodstream infections at 3 outpatient hemodialysis facilities., Study Design: Matched case-control investigations., Setting & Participants: Patients who received hemodialysis at Facility A, B, or C from July 2015 to November 2016., Exposures: Infection control practices, sources of water, dialyzer reuse, injection medication handling, dialysis circuit priming, water and dialysate test findings, environmental reservoirs such as wall boxes, vascular access care practices, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and whole-genome sequencing of bacterial isolates., Outcomes: Cases were defined by a positive blood culture for any Gram-negative bacteria drawn July 1, 2015 to November 30, 2016 from a patient who had received hemodialysis at Facility A, B, or C., Analytical Approach: Exposures in cases and controls were compared using matched univariate conditional logistic regression., Results: 58 cases of Gram-negative bloodstream infection occurred; 48 (83%) required hospitalization. The predominant organisms were Serratia marcescens (n=21) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=12). Compared with controls, cases had higher odds of using a central venous catheter for dialysis (matched odds ratio, 54.32; lower bound of the 95% CI, 12.19). Facility staff reported pooling and regurgitation of waste fluid at recessed wall boxes that house connections for dialysate components and the effluent drain within dialysis treatment stations. Environmental samples yielded S marcescens and P aeruginosa from wall boxes. S marcescens isolated from wall boxes and case-patients from the same facilities were closely related by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and whole-genome sequencing. We identified opportunities for health care workers' hands to contaminate central venous catheters with contaminated fluid from the wall boxes., Limitations: Limited patient isolates for testing, on-site investigation occurred after peak of infections., Conclusions: This large outbreak was linked to wall boxes, a previously undescribed source of contaminated fluid and biofilms in the immediate patient care environment., (Published by Elsevier Inc.)

Published
2019
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45. Severe Pulmonary Disease Associated with Electronic-Cigarette-Product Use - Interim Guidance.

Author

Schier JG, Meiman JG, Layden J, Mikosz CA, VanFrank B, King BA, Salvatore PP, Weissman DN, Thomas J, Melstrom PC, Baldwin GT, Parker EM, Courtney-Long EA, Krishnasamy VP, Pickens CM, Evans ME, Tsay SV, Powell KM, Kiernan EA, Marynak KL, Adjemian J, Holton K, Armour BS, England LJ, Briss PA, Houry D, Hacker KA, Reagan-Steiner S, Zaki S, and Meaney-Delman D

Subjects
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S., Humans, United States epidemiology, Lung Diseases epidemiology, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Severity of Illness Index, Vaping adverse effects
Abstract

On September 6, 2019, this report was posted as an MMWR Early Release on the MMWR website (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr). As of August 27, 2019, 215 possible cases of severe pulmonary disease associated with the use of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) products (e.g., devices, liquids, refill pods, and cartridges) had been reported to CDC by 25 state health departments. E-cigarettes are devices that produce an aerosol by heating a liquid containing various chemicals, including nicotine, flavorings, and other additives (e.g., propellants, solvents, and oils). Users inhale the aerosol, including any additives, into their lungs. Aerosols produced by e-cigarettes can contain harmful or potentially harmful substances, including heavy metals such as lead, volatile organic compounds, ultrafine particles, cancer-causing chemicals, or other agents such as chemicals used for cleaning the device (1). E-cigarettes also can be used to deliver tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the principal psychoactive component of cannabis, or other drugs; for example, "dabbing" involves superheating substances that contain high concentrations of THC and other plant compounds (e.g., cannabidiol) with the intent of inhaling the aerosol. E-cigarette users could potentially add other substances to the devices. This report summarizes available information and provides interim case definitions and guidance for reporting possible cases of severe pulmonary disease. The guidance in this report reflects data available as of September 6, 2019; guidance will be updated as additional information becomes available., Competing Interests: All authors have completed and submitted the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors form for disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. No potential conflicts of interest were disclosed.

Published
2019
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46. Modeling indicates efficient vaccine-based interventions for the elimination of hepatitis C virus among persons who inject drugs in metropolitan Chicago.

Author

Echevarria D, Gutfraind A, Boodram B, Layden J, Ozik J, Page K, Cotler SJ, Major M, and Dahari H

Subjects
Algorithms, Chicago epidemiology, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Health Care Costs, Hepatitis C drug therapy, Hepatitis C virology, Humans, Incidence, Prevalence, Vaccination methods, Vaccine Potency, Drug Users, Hepacivirus immunology, Hepatitis C prevention & control, Hepatitis C transmission, Models, Theoretical, Viral Hepatitis Vaccines immunology
Abstract

Background and Aims: Persons who inject drugs (PWID) are at highest risk for acquiring and transmitting hepatitis C (HCV) infection. The recent availability of oral direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy with reported cure rates >90% can prevent HCV transmission, making HCV elimination an attainable goal among PWID. The World Health Organization (WHO) recently proposed a 90% reduction in HCV incidence as a key objective. However, given barriers to the use of DAAs in PWID, including cost, restricted access to DAAs, and risk of reinfection, combination strategies including the availability of effective vaccines are needed to eradicate HCV as a public health threat. This study aims to model the cost and efficacy of a dual modality approach using HCV vaccines combined with DAAs to reduce HCV incidence by 90% and prevalence by 50% in PWID populations., Methods: We developed a mathematical model that represents the HCV epidemic among PWID and calibrated it to empirical data from metropolitan Chicago, Illinois. Four medical interventions were considered: vaccination of HCV naive PWID, DAA treatment, DAA treatment followed by vaccination, and, a combination of vaccination and DAA treatment., Results: The combination of vaccination and DAAs is the lowest cost-expensive intervention for achieving the WHO target of 90% incidence reduction. The use of DAAs without a vaccine is much less cost-effective with the additional risk of reinfection after treatment. Vaccination of naïve PWID alone, even when scaled-up to all reachable PWID, cannot achieve 90% reduction of incidence in high-prevalence populations due to infections occurring before vaccination. Similarly, the lowest cost-expensive way to halve prevalence in 15 years is through the combination of vaccination and DAAs., Conclusions: The modeling results underscore the importance of developing an effective HCV vaccine and augmenting DAAs with vaccines in HCV intervention strategies in order to achieve efficient reductions in incidence and prevalence., (Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2019
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47. Notes from the Field: Outbreak of Severe Illness Linked to the Vitamin K Antagonist Brodifacoum and Use of Synthetic Cannabinoids - Illinois, March-April 2018.

Author

Moritz E, Austin C, Wahl M, DesLauriers C, Navon L, Walblay K, Hendrickson M, Phillips A, Kerins J, Pennington AF, Lavery AM, El Zahran T, Kauerauf J, Yip L, Thomas J, and Layden J

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Illinois epidemiology, Male, Middle Aged, Severity of Illness Index, Young Adult, 4-Hydroxycoumarins poisoning, Blood Coagulation Disorders epidemiology, Cannabinoids poisoning, Disease Outbreaks, Synthetic Drugs poisoning
Abstract

Competing Interests: No conflicts of interest were reported.

Published
2018
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48. Person-Centered, Physical Activity for Patients with Low Back Pain: Piloting Service Delivery.

Author

Bloxham S, Barter P, Scragg S, Peers C, Jane B, and Layden J

Abstract

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common and costly conditions in industrialized countries. Exercise therapy has been used to treat LBP, although typically using only one mode of exercise. This paper describes the method and initial findings of a person-centered, group physical activity programme which featured as part of a multidisciplinary approach to treating LBP. Six participants (aged 50.7 ± 17 years) completed a six-week physical activity programme lasting two hours per week. A multicomponent approach to physical activity was adopted which included aerobic fitness, core activation, muscular strength and endurance, Nordic Walking, flexibility and exercise gaming. In addition, participants were required to use diary sheets to record physical activity completed at home. Results revealed significant (p < 0.05) improvements in back strength (23%), aerobic fitness (23%), negative wellbeing (32%) and disability (16%). Person's Correlation Coefficient analysis revealed significant (p < 0.05) relationships between improvement in perceived pain and aerobic fitness (r = 0.93). It was concluded that a person-centered, multicomponent approach to physical activity may be optimal for supporting patients who self-manage LBP.

Published
2016
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49. A Survey Study of Pregnant Women and Healthcare Practitioners Assessing the Knowledge of Attitudes and Practices of Hepatitis B Management at a Teaching Hospital in Kumasi, Ghana, West Africa.

Author

Cheng A, Jose J, Larsen-Reindorf R, Small C, Nde H, Dugas L, Ehrhardt S, Nelson K, Ezeanolue E, and Layden J

Abstract

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major global health problem, with sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), including West Africa, bearing a large proportion of cases. Mother-to-child and early childhood horizontal transmission, the most common mechanisms of disease spread in West Africa, lead to a high rate of chronic infection. Although these transmission mechanisms are preventable through vaccine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin, they are not routinely used due to limited resources. Antiviral therapy in pregnant women who are HBV positive is another option to reduce transmission. We conducted a survey study of pregnant women and clinicians at a teaching hospital in West Africa to determine the knowledge base about HBV and willingness to implement measures to reduce HBV transmission. Pregnant women had limited knowledge about HBV and the common transmission mechanisms. Clinicians identified cost and time as the major barriers to implementation of HBV prevention measures. Both pregnant women and clinicians were largely willing to implement and use measures, including antivirals, to help reduce HBV transmission.

Published
2015
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50. Physical activity and pre-diabetes-an unacknowledged mid-life crisis: findings from NHANES 2003-2006.

Author

Farni K, Shoham DA, Cao G, Luke AH, Layden J, Cooper RS, and Dugas LR

Abstract

The prevalence of pre-diabetes (PD) among US adults has increased substantially over the past two decades. By current estimates, over 34% of US adults fall in the PD category, 84% of whom meet the American Diabetes Association's criteria for impaired fasting glucose (IFG). Low physical activity (PA) and/or sedentary behavior are key drivers of hyperglycemia. We examined the relationship between PD and objectively measured PA in NHANES 2003-2006 of 20,470 individuals, including 7,501 individuals between 20 and 65 yrs.We excluded all participants without IFG measures or adequate accelerometry data (final N = 1,317). Participants were identified as PD if FPG was 100-125 mg/dL (5.6-6.9 mmol/L). Moderate and vigorous PA in minutes/day individuals were summed to create the exposure variable "moderate-vigorous PA" (MVPA). The analysis sample included 884 normoglycemic persons and 433 with PD. There were significantly fewer PD subjects in the middle (30.3%) and highest (24.6%) tertiles of PA compared to the lowest tertile (35.5%). After adjusting for BMI, participants were 0.77 times as likely to be PD if they were in the highest tertile compared to the lowest PA tertile (p < 0.001). However, these results were no longer significant when age and BMI were held constant. Univariate analysis revealed that physical activity was associated with decreased fasting glucose of 0.5 mg/dL per minute of MVPA, but multivariate analysis adjusting for age and BMI was not significant. Overall, our data suggest a negative association between measures of PA and the prevalence of PD in middle-aged US adults independent of adiposity, but with significant confounding influence from measures of BMI and age.

Published
2014
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