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The global COVID-19 pandemic has passed. This process required greater attention and care to the specifics of the organization of distance learning and the resolution of problems that arose for participants in the educational process. By late 2021 face-to-face teaching was returning but Russian aggression against Ukraine interrupted the comparatively carefree life of children and hindered access to kindergartens and schools which required a further focus on remote education. The paper outlines the peculiarities of the organization of distance learning under martial law in Ukraine and presents the problems of the organization of training during a time of conflict as well as the challenges presented by Internet platforms for the organization of the distance learning approaches recommended by the Ministry of Education of Ukraine. The aim of the research was theoretical analysis and generalization of literature on research problems, pedagogical observations, surveys, methods of mathematical statistics. The article provides one of the first analyses of the difficulties faced during this period of immense disruption based on empirical data and explains to what extent Ukrainian teachers under martial law have the possibility to organize distance teaching, what problems they face, what is the psychological state of children.

The functional responsibilities of general practitioners (family doctors) (GPs) have changed significantly over the past decade. The number of GP functions has expanded. Despite the increasingly complex professional activities of GPs, there is no scientific evidence for the qualification characteristics of GPs expressed in knowledge, skills, abilities, and competencies in the theory and practice in training. In this regard, a study was conducted to determine the priority of GP competencies that make up the qualification characteristics of a specialist. Aim. To analyze, generalize and rationale the research results, as well as to develop preliminary guidelines for GP training. Material and methods. The information base for the study was the results of ranking competencies according to their importance in the professional activities of GPs in Russia. It was obtained during the ascertaining experiment, implemented using the Delphi method as a method of expert assessment and strategic planning of training specialists. Conclusion. The analysis of competencies developed and agreed upon by experts showed its compliance with the job functions of GPs, the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard for the General Medical Practice (Family Medicine) and the WONCA guidelines. A summary of the study results to determine the priority of competence in GP activities showed the following: — all competencies (25) were defined as necessary and constitutive of GP qualification; — 21 competencies were considered significant and highly significant for GPs; — 4 competencies were considered as of moderate significance and below moderate significance. The analysis of the priority of competences revealed insufficient methodological support for GP training in accordance with the social order. The results obtained showed the need to continue the study within the project "Quality Management of Training of General Practitioners (Family Doctors)".

Создание руководства поддержано Советом по терапевтическим наукам отделения клинической медицины Российской академии наук.

Geography of Art is an interdisciplinary synthesis inspired by the theme of creative genius comprehending and exploring space. The project began in 1994, with the first collection of works published at the Russian Heritage Institute under Yuri Vedenin’s guidance; the first conference was held in 2009. In recent years, the conferences have been held annually under the auspices of the Institute of Scientific Information on Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Russian Academy of Arts, GITR Film and Television School, the Russian State University for the Humanities. The IX International Conference Geography of Art of 2023 united culturologists and art historians, geographers and philosophers from all over Russia and abroad. Traditionally, the participants discussed issues related to artistic space of literary and pictorial works, local texts, geographical and cartographic images, and virtual spaces created by art. As always, a separate section was devoted to “mastering,” using, modeling space in screen and photography art. An innovation in the scholarly dispute of the 2023 conference was the culturological and anthropological discourse on the visual image genesis and transformation from archaic to modern times, as well as the transgression of genius loci in the online media and virtual space. Проект «География искусства» представляет собой междисциплинарный синтез, вдохновленный темой осмысления и освоения пространства творческим гением. Проект начался в 1994 году, когда в Институте культурного и природного наследия имени Д.С. Лихачева под руководством Ю.А. Веденина был издан первый сборник. В 2009 году там же состоялась первая конференция. Последние годы конференции проходят ежегодно под эгидой Института научной информации по общественным наукам РАН, Российской академии художеств, Института кино и телевидения (ГИТР), Российского государственного гуманитарного университета. В 2023 году состоялась IX Международная конференция «География искусства», объединившая культурологов и искусствоведов, географов и философов со всех концов России и из-за рубежа. Традиционно обсуждались вопросы художественного пространства литературных и живописных произведений, локальных текстов, географических и картографических образов, виртуальных пространств, созданных искусством. Как обычно, отдельная секция была посвящена проблематике «освоения», использования, моделирования пространства в экранном и фотоискусстве. Новшеством в научной дискуссии конференции 2023 года стал культурологический и антропологический дискурс генезиса и трансформации визуальных образов от архаики к современности, обсуждение трансгрессии genius loci в медиа и виртуальное пространство интернета.

Background and Purpose: The primary cause of death is cardiovascular disease, hence accurate diagnosis and treatment are urgently required. For these intents, proteases are regarded as perspective agents. High substrate specificity is a need for an effective enzyme, which makes Aspergillus micromycetes—known for producing proteases with precise action—biotechnologically promising. This study's major goal was to look at the possibilities of Aspergillus species, which had never been mentioned in terms of general proteolytics. Materials and Methods: Every species was cultivated in two-stages submerged conditions with two different nitrogen sources, whereupon, proteolytic activity in culture fluid was determined. Using chromogenic peptide substrates and fibrin plates, these species' thrombin, plasmin, factor Xa, urokinase, protein C-like, and activating activities towards hemostasis proteins, as well as fibrinolytic and plasminogen-activating activities, were evaluated. Results: It was shown that A. aureolatus and A. tennesseensis are active proteolytics exhibiting plasmin-like activity (116.17 and 87.09 U×10-3, respectively), factor Xa-like activity (76.27 and 77.92 U×10-3, respectively) and urokinase activity (85.99 and 59.91 U×10-3, respectively). The thrombin-like activity was found for A. tabacinus (50.37 U×10-3), and protein C-like activity was noticeable for A. creber, A. jensenii, A. protuberus, and A. ruber (62.90, 65.51, 73.37, and 111.85 U×10-3, respectively). Additionally, more than half of species have the ability to directly activate plasminogen or operate as fibrinolytics.Conclusion: New proteolytic strains were discovered, offering hope for the therapy of cardiovascular disorders. Fungal enzymes' high specificity and activity make them useful in a variety of fields, including medicine and diagnostics.

The VIII International Scientific Conference Geography of Art was held in May 2022. This is a new step in a long-term project devoted to the issues of “mastering” geographical space through art, including the semiotics of spaces created by artists, sculptors, and architects. Among other aspects, the conference examined how art creates geographical images and fantasy worlds, which always have a trace of the real world’s spatial regularities. Since 1994, the project has existed in the form of collections of scientific articles, and since 2009—in the form of conferences as well. The project was conceived by Russian geographer Yury Vedenin, and later Olga Lavrenova, philosopher and culturologist, picked up the initiative. In recent years, the conference has been organized by the Institute of Scientific Information on Social Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Russian Academy of Arts, GIRT Film and Television School, and the Russian State University for the Humanities. In 2022, the Faculty of Geography and Geoinformation Technology of the HSE University joined the team of organizers. A separate section of the conference was dedicated to media, photo and cinema. There were reports on the historical and cultural aspects of creating virtual spaces, and on the images of the territories created by screen arts. Following the tradition, conferees considered the role of territorial factors in the formation of art schools and individual art works. This year, the discussions focused on digital media. An important place was given to photography as a tool for shaping geographical images and fixing them in time. The combination of a digital replica of the world with new landscape art creates a new augmented reality as a work of art. The geography of fashion and musical culture are also expressed in digital reality. A separate subject is the structures of chaos and order in cinema—the very concepts of space, which are yet another traditional talking point at the conference. These topics are in the mainstream of the discussion of semiotics of space created through art, as well as the geographical aspects of art development, including digital art. В мае 2022 года состоялась VIII Международная научная конференция «География искусства». Это новый шаг в многолетнем проекте, посвященном проблемам «освоения» географического пространства искусством, затрагивающим также проблематику семиотики пространства, создаваемой художниками, скульпторами, архитекторами. Конференция также рассматривает особенности формирования искусством географических образов и фантазийных миров, в которых всегда есть след пространственных закономерностей реального мира. Проект существует с 1994 года в виде научных сборников, с 2009 года — также в виде конференций. У истоков проекта стоял известный географ Ю.А. Веденин, позже инициатива была подхвачена философом и культурологом О.А. Лавреновой. Организаторами конференции в последние годы являются Институт научной информации по общественным наукам РАН, Российская академия художеств, Институт кино и телевидения (ГИТР), Российский государственный гуманитарный университет. В 2022 году также присоединился в качестве организатора факультет географии и геоинформационных технологий ВШЭ. Отдельная секция была посвящена медиа, фото и кино, где были собраны доклады об историко-культурных аспектах создания виртуальных пространств, об особенностях образов территорий, создаваемых экранными искусствами. Традиционно рассматривалась роль территориальных факторов в формировании художественных школ и отдельных произведений. В этом году большой уклон в обсуждениях был сделан в сторону цифровых медиа. Важное место было отведено фотоискусству как инструменту формирования географических образов, их фиксации во времени. Сочетание цифрового дубликата мира с новым ландшафтным искусством создает новую дополненную реальность как произведение искусства. Также в цифровой реальности получает выражение география моды и музыкальной культуры. Отдельная тема — структуры хаоса и порядка в кинематографических произведениях — те самые концепты пространства, которые также традиционно являются темой обсуждения конференции. Данные темы идут в мейнстриме обсуждения проблематики семиотики пространства, создаваемой искусством, географических аспектах развития искусства, в том числе цифрового.

The article studies the spatial semantics of Yakutsk’s urban text (Sakha/Yakutia, Russia) as a component of the cultural landscape. The research is based on the theoretical approaches of the Tartu-Moscow School of Semiotics, scholarly traditions of post-Soviet cultural (or the so-called “humanitarian”) geography, and modern critical studies of toponymy. The authors analyze spatial semantics and controversial elements of political and cultural symbolism of the urban text, which combines indigenous Yakut, Russian, and Soviet cultural components. With more than four hundred toponymic examples, this case study reveals the semiotic structure of Yakutsk toponymic system as a combination of urbanscape symbolization processes. For the first time, the article empirically shows, with the help of toponymy in the space of a post-Soviet city, the relationship, interaction, and positioning of the three cultures. In addition, the semantics of toponyms is typologized, which allows to quantitatively, qualitatively, and cartographically describe the process of “writing” the urban text.

This article is devoted to determining the rational range of cutting speeds during longitudinal finish turning of heat-resistant steel 20MnMoNi5-5 based on a set of tribological and vibration parameters of the cutting process. Turning workpieces with diameters D=120 mm made of 20MnMoNi5-5 steel with T15K6 carbide plates without cooling at finishing feeds and allowance values at cutting speeds of 100-220 m/min was carried out and studied. It was experimentally established that the local minimum for vibration energy was located within the speed range of 190-220 m/min. According to the results of tool life tests in this speed range, the wear rate of the cutting inserts was also minimized and the operating time of the tool was increased, making it possible to ensure the required surface roughness Ra≤1.6 μm.

Aim. To assess the features of diagnosing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) using echocardiographic markers and diastolic stress test (DST) according to a survey of ultrasound and functional diagnostics specialists in the Russian Federation.Materials and methods. As part of the study, an anonymous survey of 155 ultrasound and functional diagnostic specialists from various Russian regions was conducted. We proposed to answer whether they routinely assess certain echocardiographic parameters necessary for diagnosing HFpEF. The specialists also indicated whether they conduct DST and whether they have the opportunity to refer the patient to this study.Results. A frequency analysis of the responses received was carried out. In routine practice, 83,2% of specialists measure the left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction by Simpson method, 76,1% — by Teichholz method. In addition, 80% of responders analyses LV mass index, 76,1% — relative LV wall thickness, 60% — tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, 56,8% — left atrial volume index, 51.6% — E/e´ ratio, 94,8% — pulmonary artery systolic pressure, left ventricular global longitudinal strain — 16,1%, 7,7% — left atrial longitudinal strain. Also, 9,7% of specialists conduct DST on their own, while 41,3% have the opportunity to refer patients.Conclusion. The low assessment rate of some ultrasonic HFpEF mar­kers and DST among functional diagnostics specialists in the Russian Federation reduces the detection rate of HFpEF. It is necessary to develop diagnostic algorithms based mainly on clinical and anam­nestic data and available for use by doctors of any specialty.

In the survey conducted among graduates of pedagogical faculties of four universities: in Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Ukraine, differences were found in the self-assessment of professional competence acquired in the course of studies. This study contributes to future deliberations, emphasising the importance of curricular and systemic changes, i.e. moving away from the system of teacher education in the 3 + 2 model (3 years of undergraduate studies /BA/ + 2 years of graduate studies /MA/). The right to exercise the teaching profession should be vested in a person with a uniform master's degree programme. The findings point to the need to develop tools to assess the professional competence of future teachers. The interview or the job interview itself does not fully reflect the real skills for the profession. For example, pedagogical talent and personality predispositions of candidates for teachers are not examined. This survey is of great importance for educational authorities, as well as for the design of teacher education programmes and for school teachers across Europe. It concludes by calling for greater control and selection in the recruitment of students of pedagogy, in particular pre-school and early school education.

Background. The issues of hydrocarbon (HC) forecasting and prospecting on sea shelves remain relevant. In this paper, an experience of assessing the hydrocarbon potential of the Bering Sea using the method of basin modelling is demonstrated.Aim. To assess the hydrocarbon potential of the Bering Sea and to identify prospective areas on the basis of a comprehensive analysis of factual data and the results of modelling sedimentary basins and hydrocarbon systems.Materials and methods. A large volume of geological and geophysical materials and the results of geochemical studies were analysed. Modelling was carried out based on factual data, which made it possible to design space-time digital models of sedimentary basins and hydrocarbon (HC) systems for the main horizons of oil and gas source rocks. Geochemical and lithological studies, as well as modelling, were performed using the Schlumberger PetroMod and QGIS software. A smallscale modelling of sedimentary basins and hydrocarbon systems of the region under study was conducted. In the process of preparing the input data for modelling, a number of necessary structural constructions, lithological-paleogeographic and paleodynamic reconstructions and other special studies were performed, which made it possible to determine the modelling boundary conditions.Results. The studied hydrocarbon systems of the Bering Sea differ in the area and size of the generation source, and consequently, in the volumes of generated hydrocarbons. The maximum specific (per unit area of the generation-accumulation hydrocarbon system (GAHS)) volumes of generated hydrocarbons are predicted in the Mainitsko-Sobolkovskaya GAHS of the East Anadyr depression, the Nikolaevskaya Mainitsko-Sobolkovskaya and Mainitsko-Sobolkovskaya of the Lagoon trough. However, even the most promising areas are attributed to the V category due to the low quality of kerogen and a low accumulation coefficient.Conclusion. In the water area of the Anadyr trough, prospective areas were identified. Two promising levels of oil and gas potential were determined. A quantitative assessment of the hydrocarbon potential of the GAHS was carried out.

Background. Three prospective sedimentary complexes — Aptian-Upper Cretaceous, Paleogene and Neogene — are predicted in the waters of the Eastern Arctic seas. Here, the search for oil and gas is associated with harsh Arctic conditions at sea, as well as with high geological risks and significant expenditures under the conditions of poor knowledge of the region. In this regard, the localisation of prospecting drilling objects and the assessment of the geological risks of deposit discovery should be carried out.Aim. To assess geological risks and to determine the probability of discovering oil and gas fields, as well as to identify prospective areas for licensing and exploration in the water areas of the Eastern Arctic.Materials and methods. Structural and heat flow maps along with the results of geochemical analysis, as well as typical terrestrial sections were used as initial materials. Using the method of basin analysis, the modelling of generation-accumulation hydrocarbon systems (GAHS) and the quantitative assessment of its hydrocarbon potential in the Eastern Arctic water area was carried out. The assessment of geological risks and the probability of field discovery was performed using the conventional methodology widely applied by oil companies.Results. The GAHS modelling using a variation approach showed that, regardless of the kerogen type, with average values of Сorg in sediments, potential oil-and-gas source strata (OGSS) were capable of saturating the prospective objects with hydrocarbons. The “OGSS assessment” factor was determined as “encouraging” (0.7). Active geodynamic regime and the manifestation of several folding phases within the study area provided favourable conditions for the formation of anticlinaltraps in sedimentary basins. However, the cap rock quality rating was assessed as “neutral” (0.5). The overall risk for the “Trap assessment” factor was estimated based on the minimum criterion of 0.5.Conclusion. The most prospective areas recommended for licensing were selected, and the recommendations for further geological exploration work in these areas were given in order to clarify their hydrocarbon potential and reduce geological risks.

The Geography of Art International Scientific Conference has a long history. Geography of Art began in 1994 and was originally conceived as a purely publishing project. In 2009, the first conference was held under the auspices of the Likhachev Russian Research Institute for Cultural and Natural Heritage and its director Yuri A. Vedenin. The topics at the conferences are traditionally very diverse, but the “protagonist” of all discussions, debates, and subsequent collections is invariably space, in all its guises, and its interaction with culture. The original subjects such as the geography of art schools and traditions and the placement of artifacts on the earth’s surface have over time been supplemented by conceptual questions of the construction of spatial images in painting, literature, and cinema. Over the past few years, the conference has been organized by the Institute of Scientific Information on Social Sciences of RAS, the Russian Academy of Arts, GITR Film and Television School, and the Russian State University for the Humanities. In 2021, for the first time, the conference was arranged in a hybrid format: some sessions were held in person at the Russian Academy of Arts and GITR, while some discussions were convened online. This made it possible to significantly expand the geography of our participants. An important topic was brought up—the possibility of generating images of space and transforming the spatial picture of the world by different types of art, including screen art, creating new meanings of places and regions. A separate section was devoted to the concepts of space and the corresponding images in digital media, cinematography and photography. The section discussed the peculiarities of national cinematography from the point of view of forming the country’s image, which can play a significant role in intercultural communication, and regional images created with the help of photography and IT-technology as an attractor in the formation of recreational flows. Among other things, the conference covered the specifics of space perception in the era of digitalization, the creation of representations, and spectacularity. A separate topic was the construction of narrative topoi within the framework of different versions of screen adaptations of the same work. All discussions complemented each other in creating a three-dimensional picture of spatial images by means of digital and screen arts, generating a modified reality supplemented by photo and film visualizations. Международная научная конференция «География искусства» имеет долгую историю. Проект «География искусства» начался в 1994 году и сначала был исключительно издательским. В 2009 году была проведена первая конференция под эгидой Института культурного и природного наследия им. Д.С. Лихачева и его директора Ю.А. Веденина. Проблематика конференции традиционно очень разнообразная, но «главный герой» обсуждений, дискуссий и последующих сборников — неизменно пространство, во всех его ипостасях, и его взаимодействие с культурой. Первоначальные темы географии художественных школ и традиций и размещение артефактов на земной поверхности со временем дополнилась концептуальными вопросами конструирования пространственных образов в живописи, литературе, кино. Организаторами конференции в последние несколько лет являются Институт научной информации по общественным наукам РАН, Российская академия художеств, Институт кино и телевидения (ГИТР), Российский государственный гуманитарный университет. В 2021 году конференция впервые прошла в гибридном формате — часть заседаний состоялись очно в РАХ и ГИТРе, часть обсуждений была проведена онлайн. Это дало возможность существенно расширить географию участников. Важная тема — возможности сотворения образов пространства и преображения пространственной картины мира разными видами искусства, в том числе и экранными, создание новых смыслов мест и регионов. Отдельная секция была посвящена обсуждению концептов пространства и соответствующих образов в цифровых медиа, кино- и фотоискусстве. На секции обсуждались особенности национального кинематографа с точки зрения формирования имиджа страны, способного сыграть значительную роль в межкультурной коммуникации, региональные образы, созданные с помощью фотографии и IT-технологий, как аттрактор в формировании рекреационных потоков. Рассматривались особенности восприятия про-странства в эпоху цифровизации, создание репрезентаций, проблема зрелищности. Отдельной темой была проблема конструирования топосов повествования в рамках разных вариантов экранизации одного и того же произведения. Все обсуждения дополняли друг друга в создании объемной картины пространственных образов силами цифровых и экранных искусств, в создании видоизмененной реальности, дополненной фото- и киновизуализациями.