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Introduction and Aim: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that destroys dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal area of the midbrain this results in a movement difficulty characterised by tremors, bradykinesia, and postural instability The present in vitro study is designed to assess the beneficial (cytoprotectant and anti-inflammatory) and cyto-toxicological effects of ethanolic Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) root extract (EWSR) in presence of Rotenone (ROT) and other known neuroprotectants (Doxycycline and Ellagic acid). Materials and Methods: The nine groups used in the in vitro studies were normal control, positive control (Rotenone or Rot), W. somnifera root extract (EWSR), Doxycycline (Doxy), Ellagic acid (EA), ROT with EWSR, ROT with doxy, ROT with EA, ROT with EWSR-doxy, and ROT with EWSR-doxy-EA. The EWSR, doxy and EA treatment was started on the 24th hour following the rotenone administration and continued for the next 36 hours. After the 36th hour of protective therapy, quantification of pro-inflammatory cytokines (ELISA), cell viability or analyses of neuronal cell loss, cell cycle analysis and molecular analysis (RTPCR) was performed as a part of assessment. Results: Observations from the present in vitro studies clearly demonstrate the cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties of EWSR, and these beneficial or protective effects got enhanced when treated in combination with Doxy and EA indicating synergistic effect in the cells that were priorly treated with ROT, and later treated with EWSR, Doxy, and EA individually and in combination. Conclusion: The findings imply that EWSR reduces the in vitro effects of ROT by acting as an anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective agent.

BACKGROUND: In today’s fast-paced world, both men and women have to be equally competent to handle their responsibilities in order to look after their family members and children. In this pace of competency women tend to forget to take care of their own health and face many health issues, including pelvic floor dysfunction. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to analyse the prevalence rate of pelvic floor dysfunction among the working women in regards to their age and body mass index as well as their quality of life. METHODS: One hundred sixty one post-partum working female participants from the medical fraternity were involved in this study after their consent was obtained. Pelvic floor muscle strength was assessed and their quality of life measured using King’s health questionnaire. RESULTS: There was a strong correlation between the pelvic floor muscle dysfunction and its impact on the quality of life among the females with increasing age. Significant statistical significant difference of P(

BACKGROUND: Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) are one of the main causes of morbidity among healthcare professionals. It has various secondary consequences on productivity by diminishing the quantity and quality of work completed by the affected personnel, in addition to having a primary impact on the individual with pain and discomfort. OBJECTIVE: The study aims to determine the overall prevalence rate of WRMSD among dentists, physiotherapists, and surgeons and also identify the commonly affected regions of the body about specific health care professions among each of the three professions, as recorded by the cross-sectional studies performed in various countries and regions of the world. METHODS: A systematic search strategy was framed following the PRISMA guidelines based on the present inclusion and exclusion criteria. A critical search of articles was conducted during June 2020 in CINAHL (DOAJ), PubMed, Google Scholar Scopus, PEDro databases and SAGE journals. RESULTS: Out of the 42 articles that met the eligibility criteria, there were 39 cross-sectional studies, 2 pilot cross-sectional surveys and 1 prospective cohort study with one-year follow-up. All studies included in this review used various survey tools for recording the demographic details and measuring the prevalence of WRMSDs and other outcome factors. CONCLUSION: We conclude that all three health care professionals (dentists, physiotherapists and surgeons) are highly prone to develop WRMSDs with surgeons and dentists being more vulnerable when compared to physiotherapists. The lower back and neck are identified as the two most commonly affected regions among all three professionals.

BACKGROUND: Burnout is a state of emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion caused by excessive stress. Burnout weakens the energy of an individual which reduces productivity and leaves this individual helpless, hopeless, cynical, and resentful. Thus, an early diagnosis of this syndrome has to be done and ways to prevent the level of progression and complication of burnout syndrome has to be planned. OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of self-supervised Jacobson’s relaxation technique along with Bhastrika Pranayama in reducing the level of burnout among the work-from-home IT professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: Thirty participants with burnout syndrome were randomly divided into two groups (15 participants in each group) using random allocation. The experimental group received Jacobson’s relaxation technique along with Bhastrika Pranayama, whereas the control group received diaphragmatic breathing exercises and chest expansion exercises. Pre-test and post-test values using Maslach Burnout Inventory were used to interpret the results. RESULTS: Data collected were analyzed statistically by the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. It shows that there is a significant reduction in the level of burnout in the experimental group when compared to the control group at a p-value of 0.001. CONCLUSION: From the results, it is concluded that Jacobson’s relaxation technique along with diaphragmatic breathing exercises showed significant improvement in the reduction of burnout levels.

Organ donation is the procedure when an individual permits their very own organ to be expelled and transplanted to someone else, legitimately, either by assent while the contributor is alive or dead with the consent of the closest relative. Donation might be for research or, all the more ordinarily, solid transplantable organs and tissues might be given to be transplanted into another person. Common transplantations include kidneys, heart, liver, pancreas, digestive tracts, lungs, bones, bone marrow, skin, and corneas. Some organs and tissues can be given by living contributors, for example, a kidney or part of the liver, some portion of the pancreas, some portion of the lungs or part of the intestines,however most donations happen after the giver has died.In 2017 Spain had the most elevated contributor rate on the planet at 46.9 per million individuals, trailed by Portugal (34.0 per million), Belgium (33.6 per million), Croatia (33.0 per million) and the US (32.0 per million). As of February 2, 2019, there were 120,000 individuals sitting tight forever sparing organ transplants in the US. Of these, 74,897 individuals were dynamic up-and-comers hanging tight for a donor.While perspectives on organ gift are certain, there is an enormous hole between the quantities of enrolled contributors contrasted with those anticipating organ gifts on a worldwide level.

Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) affects women's quality of life because the pelvic floor muscles are unable to contract and relax properly. Kegel exercise is the first line of treatment for PFD, while vaginal cones with weights have recently been used for pelvic floor strengthening. When compared to alternative treatments, various studies have evaluated the effectiveness of vaginal weights or cones in treating PFD. However, there are controversial conclusions reached when the effectiveness of vaginal weights is compared in various ways. The purpose of this study was determine the effectiveness of vaginal weights compared with other interventions in reducing the symptoms of PFD. Using various databases, an extensive literature search was conducted, and a randomised control trial examining the usefulness of vaginal weights in PFD was identified. PRISMA guidelines were used to synthesize the data. The risk of bias tools were used to assess the quality of the selected studies. Results suggest that vaginal cones are effective in treating PFD. However, when it was compared with other treatment modalities, no significant differences were found. Hence, the results are equivocal and cannot be generalized.

From ancient times, plants have been the primary source of several phytochemicals that have been crucial in maintaining human health. A variety of antibiotics including secondary metabolites that plants produce while under stress. Due to the advent of several multi-drug resistant strains, commonly available antibiotics lost their effectiveness, and it became the second biggest cause of death globally. It was critical to create brand-new, highly efficient antibacterial medications from plant sources that were affordable, had fewer side effects, and worked quickly to treat bacterial illnesses. This study examines the effectiveness of nine methanolic plant extracts against nine bacterial diseases that are frequently caused by bacteria.

The present investigation focused on the catalytic evaluation of Sn and Ag doped ZnO for depolymerization of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polyester wastes and embryotoxic evaluation of the doped ZnO nanoparticles using Zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo model. Bimetallic ZnO NPs doped at 1 and 2 mol% of Sn and Ag synthesized by sol-gel method and characterized by XRD, UV-Vis, FT-IR, SEM-EDS and TEM. Diffraction studies confirmed doped ZnOs retained wurtzite structure as pristine ZnO. However, the electronic spectra showed that the optical bandgap reduced from 3.31 to 3.20 eV upon 2 mol% Sn and Ag doping. SEM-EDS study confirmed elemental composition of Ag and Sn doped ZnO as well as average crystallite size of 60–70 and 115–125 nm for 1 and 2 mol% doped ZnO NPs. Glycolytic and aminolytic depolymerization of PET wastes afforded 90% of bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET) and 95% of bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalamide (BHETA) respectively catalysed by 2mol% Sn and Ag doped ZnO nanoparticles. The Sn doped ZnO NPs showed comparatively higher mortality than Ag doped ZnO without any developing deformity in zebrafish embryos.

Background: COVID-19 is an infectious disease that is caused by a newly discovered coronavirus. This virus primarily spreads out through the droplets of saliva and SARS COV-2 virus was named after its unique shape, which has taken the form of a crown with the protrusions surrounding it. With the closure of all educational institutions, there is a need for a rapid transition from physical learning to digital learning. Online education has been observed as the best possible alternative to conventional learning. Lack of interaction and social isolation has really distressed the mental health of the students. The principal aim of this study is to study the impact of the COVID-19 online education on mental health of college students. Materials & Methods: A questionnaire comprising 14 questions was created using an online Google forms website and was circulated among 131 dental students. This survey was conducted within a week in the months of Feb 2021. The results and observations were recorded in the form of pie charts and bar charts. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. Chi square test was used for correlation and p

Background: Cancer is abnormal growth of cells, which invade or spread to other parts of the body. There are over 200 types of cancers. Breast cancer is a cancer which develops in tissues of the breast, most commonly originating from the inner lining of milk ducts or lobules that supply ducts with milk. Tecoma stans commonly known as trumpet flower is a yellow trumpet shaped flower belonging to Bignoniaceae, and is native to Americas. It has anti cancer and anti proliferative properties. Aim: Aim of the is to analyse the anti cancer activity of Tecoma stans against breast cancer cells MCF-7. Materials and Methods: Breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) was purchased from National Centre for Cell Sciences (NCCS), Pune, India. Cell viability test was done by MTT assay. BcL2 and BclxL gene expression analysis was done by Real Time-PCR. The obtained data were analysed statistically by one-way analysis of variance and Duncan’s multiple range test with Graph Pad Prism version 5 to analyse the significance. The significance was considered at p

Background: Sexual dimorphism is a condition where the sexes of an equivalent species exhibit different characteristics beyond the differences in their sexual organs. Sexual identification is most significant in huge fatality accidents where the body is beyond recognition. Coronoid process of mandible is a triangular eminence, thin and flattened in size and shape. The Condylar process is the process of the mandible and it is thicker than the coronoid process. Identification of Gender characteristics is of forensic importance. Aim: To evaluate the sexual dimorphism of inter condylo-coronoid process distance by Panoramic radiographic study in the south Indian population. Materials and Methods: A total of 49 digital orthopantomogram collected from a private dental college in Chennai. The distance between the condylar and the coronoid process is measured on both sides of a digital orthopantomogram using adobe photoshop. The data was analyzed and observed using SPSS v23.0 and the standard deviation was calculated. Results: The mean of left and right distance of inter condylo-coronoid distance is 2.45cm and 2.52cm respectively. The standard deviation of left and right distance of inter condylo-coronoid distance is 0.32cm and 0.31cm respectively. Conclusion: From the results obtained, within the limitations of the study it can be concluded that there is no significant difference in the measure of distance between inter condyle-coronoid processes in terms of age and gender. Future studies should be conducted with large samples to get conclusive results using advance CBCT.

Background: Lung cancer is still the most common cause of carcinoma-related death in the globe. Non-pharmacological treatments such as physical activity and exercise have been shown to improve quality of life and provide better results in lung cancer patients. Lung cancer patients usually lack adequate amounts of physical activity and exercise, both of which can improve quality of life. Aim: To analyse Chemotherapeutic potential of endogenous serotonin replica mediated through β-catenin/Wnt signaling in lung tumor cell lines (A549). Methods and Materials: The National Centre for Cell Sciences (NCCS), Pune, India, provided the human lung cancer cell line (A549). MTT assay was used to determine cell viability. Real-time PCR was used to examine -Catenin mRNA, Wnt mRNA, and GSK mRNA gene expression. The significance of the acquired data was determined using one-way analysis of variance and Duncan's multiple range test with Graph Pad Prism version 5. Duncan's test was used to determine significance at the 0.05 level. Results: The Results suggest that maximum inhibition of cell growth was at concentration (2-4 mM/ml) used in this study when compared to control. The cancer cells were significantly inhibited and it was found that there was notable reduction in GSK mRNA gene expression, β-Catenin, Wnt when compared to control at a dose of 2 mM/ml. Conclusion: It may be concluded, based on the analyses' findings and the study's limitations, that the role of exercise induced endogenous serotonin may act as the regulator of wnt/β-catenin signaling in lung cancer cells. The exercise may help in maintaining the equilibrium of the gene expression by modeling Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and act as a protective factor in prevention.

Background: The intermental foramina distance varies between ethnicities, according to an OPG (orthopantomogram), which is a form of dental x-ray. The mandibular foramen has a bony canal developed in the mandible at two independent anatomies and its rim is 'v' shaped, that was its common form where the groove separating the anterior and posterior parts is horizontally orientated rim which is an oval shaped rim. The placement of the mandibular foramen varies by ethnicity; the intermental foramina distance is always measured from the mandibles' mid-line. Materials and Methods: The OPGs are collected from the private dental college and hospital in chennai. The location of mental foramen is identified and the intermental foramina distance is calculated by adobe photoshop. The collected data is analysed using SPSS software. Results: The average intermental foramen distance in the south Indian population was 4.93 cm. Males have a 5.14 cm inter mental foramen, whereas females have a 4.76 cm inter mental foramen. With a p value of 0.001, there is a significant difference in the intermental foramina distance between the genders in the south Indian population. Conclusion: Within the restrictions of the study, it may be stated that there is a significant difference in the intermental foramina distance between men and women in the south Indian population, with a p value of 0.001. The dentist's understanding of the intermental foramina difference is critical when performing implants, orthodontic surgery, and periodontal surgery. It aids the dentist in planning the drilling of the lower jaw bone.

Background: In the premolar location of mandible, the mental nerve's entry into the mental foramen pattern is a significant landmark. Different patterns of mental nerve entrance have been discovered. The current experiment was attempted to detect the different entry routes of the mental nerve into the mandible using panoramic radiographs, which are employed in pre-surgical evaluation. Materials and Methods: The current study used a total of 200 panoramic radiographs collected for diagnostic purposes. The location and entrance pattern of the mental nerve on the both sides were noted on the radiographs. Straight, looping, and perpendicular entry patterns were identified in the data. The data is tabulated and statistically analysed in SPSS software using Chi-square. Results: The existence of an anterior loop was determined to be the most usual pattern of entry of the mental nerve, accounting for 79 percent of the total radiographs examined 21 percent , and a perpendicular pattern 6 percent. The p value is 0.432 and p value 0.309, with respect to age and gender respectively which is statistically not significant. Conclusion: The findings obtained from the study within the limits, it can be stated that the straight pattern of anterior loop of mental nerve was the most common. A panoramic radiograph may be a viable radiological tool for detecting the existence of an anterior loop that should be confirmed in order to plan surgical treatments in the mandibular premolar region prior to surgery.

Introduction: Sex determination is a valuable and important factor in the forensic dentistry. Mandible has several useful traits for sex determination. Forensic practitioners study this by two methods: morphological and metrical analyses. Among various methods, the gonial angle may be used to differentiate male and female strongly to express sexual dimorphism. Aim: To analyse the gender determination using gonial angle as panoramic study among south indian population. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study conducted among 200 individuals. Gonial angle is a measurement taken by measuring the angle between the 2 tangents from the gonion.As a standard procedure, measurement of right gonial angle and left gonial angle were carried out by Adobe Photoshop and the results were recorded and analysed statistically using SPSS tool. Results: The mean right gonial angle for males is 95.25 and for females is 95.22 The mean left gonial angle for males is 95.39 and for females is 95.15. The significance of the right gonial angle is P=0.874 and significance of the left gonial angle is P= 0.147. The total mean value for right gonial angle was found to be 95.23 and for left gonial angle is 95.27. Therefore, there was no significant difference found between the right and left gonial angle. Conclusion: Within the limitations of the study, there is no statistically significant difference observed between males and females in the gonial angle measurements. The Gonial angle measurements can be used to determine the gender and the growth pattern of the mandible. Measurement of gonial angle has its own surgical importance too in the field of orthodontics and therefore future studies should be carried out using larger samples to get reliable results.

Introduction: Exercise is very important in each and every individual’s life. Zumba exercise is a form of physical exercise that combines all the exercise which is beneficial for the body. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of zumba exercise training on pulmonary function tests in individuals. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out among 60 individuals where 30 people belonged to a normal group and 30 people were zumba dancers. The values were recorded through a computerised spirometer. This study was done among zumba dancers in the Chennai region. The results were analysed using SPSS software. unpaired T test was used to analyse the statistical significance. p

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic is caused by SARS-CoV-2. It first originated from Wuhan, China. It has caused many effects on each and every part of people all over the world. So many pharmaceutical companies have tried to find vaccines against. India found one of its kinds, named Covaxin and Covishield. The awareness of vaccines is needed to people of all age groups. This study is aimed to create awareness and knowledge about COVID-19 vaccines among senior citizens. Materials and Methods: Online based, cross-sectional survey was conducted for a period of one week among 136 senior citizens aged between 55-100 years. The survey questions were created using Google forms and sent via whatsapp and email to their family members to translate them. The survey consists of 13 questions in which two were demographic details and the rest were questionnaires. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software. Chi-square test was done to analyze the correlations p value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: 136 senior citizens responded to the survey. The majority of the populations were females (62.5%) within the age group 60-70 years in Chennai. Out of 136, 91.8% were aware of covid pandemic, 81.6% were aware covid vaccine, 74.2% think vaccine is necessary for corona, 69.1% weren’t aware of types of vaccine available for coronavirus in India, 73.5% answered it’s an important tool to stop pandemic and 66.1% were willing to get vaccinated. 60-80 showed better awareness about the benefits of vaccines when compared to other age groups (p value 0.028) Conclusion: The survey showed the senior citizens of Chennai were more aware (81.6%) about Covid vaccine and Covid-pandemic. Females (62.5%) had better awareness when compared to males (37.5%).

Background: COVID-19 is caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS- COV- 2). The coronavirus is transmitted by different ways, including contact transmission, direct transmission and aerosol transmission. In health care professions the largest and diverse forces are the nurses. Nurses are important in managing the health emergency management crisis because of their vital link between the health care professionals and the patients. The COVID-19 pandemic has placed health care professionals (HCPs) in high stressful circumstances due to increase in patients. Normal life of nurses would be unprecedented disruption and high risk of exposure. The aim of the study is to investigate the quality of life among nurses treating patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and Methods: The study setting was an online questionnaire survey among nurses in Tamilnadu. This study was conducted in February 2021. There are 127 participants in this survey. The answers regarding how they feel treating COVID-19 Patients, kind of support, impact and quality of life were collected. The data were analysed statistically using SPSS software. The results and observations were recorded in a pie chart. The chi square test and correlation between genders was done and represented in the bar chart. p0.05) and hence it was statistically not significant. Conclusion: The present study found that the majority of nurses 54.33% have a good quality of life.The officials in the health care system should improve the nurses' working conditions, strategies and their quality of work life, so that nurses will perform their duties properly.

Background: The pandemic Covid-19 has affected the whole world drastically. Social distancing measures were implemented by all the countries. In order to practice social distancing, most governments had temporarily closed all the educational institutions. Traditional face to face learning was switched to online learning not to compromise on a student’s academic progress. The aim of this study is to observe the impact of online classes on the mental health of school students during covid-19 in Chennai. Materials and Methods: A survey was conducted which was cross sectional. A self administered questionnaire was distributed among school students using an online platform google forms and 120 students participated in the survey. Data was collected and analysed by using SPSS software. Pearson Chi square was done to correlate the gender and mental illness of the participants. Results: 43.33% felt that online classes were stressful. 54.17% of the participants were satisfied with this mode of learning. Female students were more stressed than male students which were not significant. Nearly 45% of female students were not satisfied with this mode of learning which was not significant. It was found that female students were more depressed than male students. However, statistically it is not significant (p = 0.06). Conclusion: Based on this study, about 49.16% of the participants were impacted mentally and are stressed because of online learning and it has also affected their academic performance during this pandemic situation. This study may help them to know stress levels and be aware to take steps to overcome the stress and increase their academic performance.

Citrullus colocynthis is a traditional medicinal plant that belongs to the cucurbitaceae family. The extract of the fruit is rich in therapeutic phytochemicals. Lung cancer is a disease with high mortality and morbidity rates. Recently the research has been focused on herbal medicine as a treatment approach for cancer because of its no or less side effects. The aim of the study is to know about the anticancer effect of hydroethanolic extract of Citrullus colocynthis fruit against human lung cancer cell line through apoptosis pathway. Cell viability test was done by MTT assay. The mRNA expression of Bcl2 and Bcl-xL was done using the real-time PCR. The obtained data was analysed statistically by one way analysis of variance and Duncan multiple range test with graph prism version 5 to analyse the significance. The significance was considered at p

Background: Physical exercise has its impact at the molecular level and aids in healthy well-being of an individual. The current systematic review emphasis on the impact of physical exercise on the telomere length in cancer prevention through epigenetic mechanism. Evidences support the impact of physical exercise in alteration of telomere length through its influence in telomerase activity. The aim of the systematic review is to analyze the effect of physical exercise in remodeling the telomere length in cancer prevention in an epigenetic prospect. Material and Methods: We conducted a qualitative systematic review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. The systematic literature search covers articles ranging from the year 2010 to 2020. The Database used for literature searches are PubMed, Cochrane, Science Direct and Google scholar. The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) used for search include ‘Cancer’ ‘exercise’ ‘Telomere length’ ‘telomerase expression’. The outcome variables include the telomere length, telomerase activity, telomere protein stabilizing gene expression status, Micro RNA expression status. Results: After exclusion of irrelevant articles 05 records are selected for final inclusion of the study and are analyzed using a Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool and SANRA tool found to be at low risk of bias and moderate quality respectively. The findings suggest chronic exercise is found to modulate the genetic and epigenetic equilibrium by either up regulation of p53 and p16 expression and stabilizing the telomerase activity within the limits or by increasing the telomerase activity and stabilizing the p53 and p16 expression within limits and impact telomere length, thus maintaining the genetic and epigenetic equilibrium. Conclusion: Based on the evidences collected it can be suggested that chronic moderate intensity aerobic exercise in a lifelong practice shows beneficial effects in a dose-response manner in cancer prevention in a novel way by modulating telomeres through epigenetic mechanism.

Introduction and Aim: The decrease in lumbar spine mobility and hamstring tightness can be caused due to the lack of regular exercise and awkward postures exposed at the workplace due to an individual's occupation. It can be expressed due to the awkward posture during dental practice as well and this can be controlled by doing regular exercises.The aim of the present study is to analyze the association of lumbar spine mobility and hamstring tightness in dental practitioners. Materials and Methods: The study is conducted in a Private dental college and hospital for the dental practitioners who work for more than 4 hours in a day. The hamstring tightness is measured using the goniometer and lumbar spine flexibility is measured using an inch tape. The measurements are tabulated and analyzed statistically for the correlation of lumbar spine flexibility with hamstring tightness using the SPSS tool. Results: The collected data are analyzed statistically using correlation coefficient and the findings concluded that they have a low positive correlation. The mean value of lumbar flexion range is 19.37 cm and mean value of the hamstring tightness is 27.8°, the correlation coefficient r is 0.473. Majority of female participants have increased hamstring tightness with a maximum range of 30° and around 11% of male participants have a restriction range of 25°. Similarly, around 8% of female participants have a lumbar flexion range of around 21cm, However, there is no significant difference between the gender in both the variables with p value equals 0.35 and 0.53 (p > 0.05) respectively. Conclusion: From the obtained results it can be concluded that there is a low positive correlation between hamstring tightness and the lumbar flexion range. The findings suggest that the dental practitioners are prone to hamstring tightness which in turn can induce reduced lumbar spine mobility and impacts stress on the lumbar spine leading to low back pain.

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is one of the most common causes of dementia, mostly affecting the elderly population. Currently, there is no proper diagnostic tool or method available for the detection of AD. The present study used two distinct data sets of AD genes, which could be potential biomarkers in the diagnosis. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) curated from both datasets were used for machine learning classification, tissue expression annotation and co-expression analysis. Further, CNPY3, GPR84, HIST1H2AB, HIST1H2AE, IFNAR1, LMO3, MYO18A, N4BP2L1, PML, SLC4A4, ST8SIA4, TLE1 and N4BP2L1 were identified as highly significant DEGs and exhibited co-expression with other query genes. Moreover, a tissue expression study found that these genes are also expressed in the brain tissue. In addition to the earlier studies for marker gene identification, we have considered a different set of machine learning classifiers to improve the accuracy rate from the analysis. Amongst all the six classification algorithms, J48 emerged as the best classifier, which could be used for differentiating healthy and diseased samples. SMO/SVM and Logit Boost further followed J48 to achieve the classification accuracy.

Inflammatory is cascade process triggered by pro-inflammatory cytokines and anti-inflammatory. In the present study anti-inflammatory activity of Stachydrine and Sakuranetin were studied against the inflammatory target proteins IL-6 and TNF-α by using molecular docking analysis. Both compounds showed the good binding with selected target proteins. Compared to Sakuranetin, the Stachydrine have lowest binding energy and good hydrogen bond interactions. Hence results of study indicated that Stachydrine possessed high and specific inhibitory activity on tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6.

Nanotechnology has become one among the promising approaches for innovations which fulfil the human needs. Nanoparticles even have many applications in several fields like nanocomposites, medical imaging, nanobiocomposite filters, targeted drug delivery and hyperthermia of tumours. In which Selenium is an important micronutrient for living organisms. These nanoparticles are safe, eco friendly, inexpensive and nontoxic. Enterococcus faecalis is an emergent gram - positive opportunistic pathogen that is the causative agent of several nosocomial infections and surgical wound infections. Therefore, it is becoming increasingly necessary to find other alternative treatments than commonly utilized drugs. The purpose of this study is to assess the antibacterial activity of Capparis decidua fruit mediated selenium nanoparticles( cds-se Nps ) against Enterococcus faecalis. In this experimental study Se Nps were prepared by the reaction of 30mM sodium selenite solution and extracts of Capparis decidua. Antibacterial activity of SeNPs was assessed by using a disc diffusion method against Enterococcus faecalis. The SeNPs were characterized by UV-visible spectrophotometers. In the present study, the zone of inhibition shows 32mm, 35 mm, 37mm and 30 mm at concentration of 50 microliter, 100 microliter, 150 microliter and antibody respectively. The Capparis decidua fruit mediated SeNp showed a good antibacterial activity against the pathogen Enterococcus faecalis

Proper and regular hand hygiene can reduce the spread of infection in the family of children raised at home. Alcohol-based hand disinfectants usually eliminate viruses associated with systemic infections like respiratory and gastrointestinal infections. The study aimed to investigate a multicultural factor that focused on the use of alcohol-based hand sanitizers to reduce the transmission of diseases at home and further education in hand hygiene. The study was conducted to raise awareness among the general public about the importance of hand washing to prevent the spread of the disease. The survey was conducted among the people in Chennai using a standard questionnaire. The sampling method in the present study was a convenient sampling method. The minimum bias for sampling is done based on selection criteria. Internal justification is a group of pairs, which can normalize the pattern with similar external credibility and exposure. Data is collected and aggregated. The results of this study relate to individual behavior and perception of hand washing. However, the commitment to hand washing is low and needs to be increased. Although self-reporting has increased in the community with hand washing in the community, it is suspected that there is still a risk of developing the disease.

In this paper, we develop a detection module with strong training testing to develop a dense convolutional neural network model. The model is designed in such a way that it is trained with necessary features for optimal modelling of the cancer detection. The method involves preprocessing of computerized tomography (CT) images for optimal classification at the testing stages. A 10-fold cross-validation is conducted to test the reliability of the model for cancer detection. The experimental validation is conducted in python to validate the effectiveness of the model. The result shows that the model offers robust detection of cancer instances that novel approaches on large image datasets. The simulation result shows that the proposed method provides analyzes with 94% accuracy than other methods. Also, it helps to reduce the detection errors while classifying the cancer instances than other methods the several existing methods.

BACKGROUND: Many countries adopted a complete or partial lockdown to prevent the spread of COVID-19, and various professions started to work-from-home. People who work-from-home experience constant stress which leads to burnout syndrome. Burnout can be defined as a chronic stress-induced occupational syndrome resulting in fatigue, decreased job productivity, and poor motivation towards the job. OBJECTIVE: This research work primarily focuses on exploring the prevalence of burnout syndrome among IT professionals who work-from-home and to determine the impact of burnout in different gender and age-groups during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Using snowball sampling method 934 IT professionals were selected based on selection criteria, explained about the study processes, and instructed to submit an online survey consist of Maslach Burnout Inventory scale (MBI) through mail, social media, or through a researcher by direct interview. RESULTS: Descriptive statistics were used to interpret the data. In 25–30 years age-group, men were affected (93%) less than women (94%) and also in 31–35 years age-group, men were affected (96%) less than women (98%). Overall burnout scores of men were 94% and women were 96%. Results indicate female IT professionals were more prone experience burnout syndrome than Male population. CONCLUSIONS: From the results, it is concluded that 95% of the IT professionals are suffering from burnout, where women are more prevalent to burnout when compared to male. It is also suggested that an early, routine and frequent assessment of physical status, mental status and burnout syndrome is essential to maintain mental health.

Cranial base tactics comprise the regulation of tiny and complicated structures in the domains of otology, rhinology, neurosurgery, and maxillofacial medical procedure. Basic nerves and veins are in the nearness of these buildings. Increased the truth is a coming innovation that may reform the cerebral basis approach by supplying vital physical and navigational facts brought together in a solitary presentation. In any case, the awareness and acknowledgment of prospective results of expanding reality frameworks in the cerebral base region are really poor. This article targets examining the handiness of expanded reality frameworks in cranial foundation medical procedures and emphasizes the obstacles that present innovation encounters and their prospective adjustments. A specialized perspective on distinct strategies used being produced of an improved realty framework is furthermore offered. The newest item offers an expansion in interest in expanded reality frameworks that may motivate more secure and practical procedures. In any case, a couple of concerns have to be cared to before that can be for the vast part fused into normal practice.

Introduction and Aim: Therapeutic low-level laser therapy aids in managing pain and inflammation in musculoskeletal ailments. Its effect on peripheral nervous system and its function are not yet clearly studied. The study aims to analyze the neurophysiological effect of therapeutic laser irradiation on ulnar nerve. Materials and Methods: Sixty healthy subjects with age groups between 20-30 years of both genders were recruited in this experimental study. The procedure was clearly explained to the subjects and informed consent was obtained. Random allocation was done to participants to either as laser group or sham laser group. All the subjects were positioned in supine lying with the irradiated dominant hand kept at 135 degrees of flexion. The electrode for recording was placed on the hypothenar muscle and the stimulating electrode was placed 4 cm away distally from the medial epicondyle of the humerus and was secured with tape. The subject's skin (electrode placement area) was degreased for proper transmission of laser. A 904nm diode laser was chosen to irradiate the ulnar nerve behind the medial epicondyle of the humerus for 20 secs through the overlying skin. The laser delivered continuous energy at 4.0 J/cm². Antidromically action potential, peak to peak amplitude, onset latency, nerve conduction velocity were recorded before and after irradiation of the ulnar nerve. Results: The study revealed significant difference in peak-to-peak amplitude (P=0.0021) and distal peak latency(P=0.0100) but there was no significant difference in nerve conduction velocity (P=0.2738) between laser group and sham laser group. Conclusion: Low-level laser irradiation to the ulnar nerve resulted in increase in peak to peak amplitude and distal latency in this study. This increase corresponds to a decrease in sensory nerve conduction velocity and further studies may reveal its analgesic effects which can be induced in inflammatory conditions of the Nerve.

Introduction: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by a coronavirus The spread of COVID-19 could be controlled through social distancing which has resulted in the shutdown of financial markets, business, corporate of-fices, transports across the countries, and other activities Many experts on economic and financial matters have warned about the worsening condition of global economic and financial structure Covid-19 is harming the global economy because the world has been experiencing the most difficult economic situation The aim of the present study is to assess the impact of pandemic COVID-19 on the global economy Materials and Methods: The study was conducted with a study population of 136 subjects A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to the study population through online survey links and the data were collected, tabulated, and statistically analyzed using SPSS software Result: The results revealed that 93 33 percent of the study participants were aware of the impact of pandemic COVID-19 on the global economy Conclusion: The impact of pandemic COVID-19 led to the fatal global recession Copyright@IJCRR

Introduction: Coronaviruses are important human and animal pathogens At the end of 2019, a novel coronavirus was identified as the cause of a cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan, a city in the Hubei Province of China It rapidly spread, resulting in an epidemic throughout China, followed by an increasing number of cases in other countries throughout the world The virus that causes COVID-19 is designated severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2);previously, it was referred to as nCoV-2019 Aim: The aim of the study is to assess the awareness of existing potential treatment approaches for the COVID-19 outbreak among dental students An online survey was conducted about knowledge and awareness of existing potential treatment approaches for the COVID-19 outbreak among dental students Materials and Methods: A total questionnaire 15 questions were formed and results were collected from Google form and analyzed using software SPSS version 20 Results: 69 52% of students were aware of existing potential treatment available for COVID-19 Conclusion: The survey concluded that most dental students are aware of existing potential treatment approaches for the COVID-19 outbreak © IJCRR

Introduction: Refugees are people who displace or migrate from place to place due to political violence and war They lack their basic needs and do not have proper accessibilities to general routine things Mainly because of their constant migration, they get exhausted physically and develop mental illness due to inadequate facilities in their future They can survive at normal periods, but their situation gets worse during curfew periods because of no food, no shelter, and no employment The main aim of this topic is to collect the opinions of the general population under the age group of 18-60 about refugees and their hardships during curfew periods Materials and Methods: The survey was conducted among 150 people of the general population through an online survey The questionnaire formed contained basic, awareness creating and statistical contents about the topic and related information Data collected and analyzed using SPSS software, Inferential statistics were done using a Chi-square test, and a P-value of

Introduction: As an infectious disease, COVID-19 is successfully being contained globally by instituting widespread quarantine measures The 2019 Novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic is a public health emergency of international concern and poses a challenge to the psychological resilience, economy, and social life of people Research data are needed to develop evidence-driven strategies to reduce adverse psychological impacts, economic recession, and disturbance of social life during the epidemic The main aim of the study was to assess the psychological impact and effects due to COVID-19 among the general population Material and Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was prepared to analyze the psychological impact of quarantine on the individuals during this period A cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 100 individuals and data was collected and analyzed using SPSS software Chi-square test was done and a P-value of < 0 05 was said to be statistically significant Result and Discussion: 71 3% of the respondents have heard of the term COVID-19 while 28 7% of the respondents have not heard 52 5% of the respondents were under stress during this period while 47 5% of the respondents were not under any stress during this period Conclusion: Hence, the study shows us that 70% of the respondents' mental health was affected during this period © 2020, Radiance Research Academy All rights reserved

Introduction: Misinformation can amplify humanity’s greatest challenges A salient example of this is the COVID-19 pandemic, which has spread a wide range of falsehoods even as truth has more and more turned into a matter of life and death In the current study, the aim is to analyze the effect of social media on the public with regard to COVID-19 Materials and Methods: A survey was conducted among 100 participants [79 male, 21 female] 13 questions were circulated through online Google forms via WhatsApp platform Responses were collected and verified Result: On analyzing the data majority of the participants used WhatsApp and Facebook for news updates regarding COVID-19, 46% were aware of authentic websites to cross-check the news and 77% of the participants agreed that they get disturbed with a lot of information related to COVID-19 Conclusion: Thus we conclude that strict measures must be taken to prevent the spread of misinformation and to avoid mental health problems © IJCRR

Aim: The aim of the current study is to assess the knowledge, attitude, the anxiety experienced among the general population of Chennai during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak and lockdown Materials and Methods: A Cross-sectional type of study conducted among the general population comprising 101 Subjects A questionnaire of 15 questions was framed and responses were collected in Google forms The data was collected, analyzed statistically using SPSS software Chi-square test was done to check the association between gender and the impact of COVID-19 and its lockdown effects The data was represented in a Bar Chart using SPSS software statistically Results: The overall scenario of the COVID-19 outbreak and lockdown leads to Pessimistic outbursts in terms of Mental and Financial aspects and an Optimistic approach in terms of the natural and family way Conclusion: The survey has concluded that the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak and lockdown have led to fear of death among the general population, domestic abuse, unemployment, and financial crisis as a negative impact The increase in the flourish of the environment and natural resources, decrease in global warming, and wastage of food are the positive impact of the COVID-19 outbreak and lockdown COVID-19 outbreak and lockdown have paved the way for the global implementation of Online Education and Work from home © 2020, Radiance Research Academy All rights reserved

Introduction: Coronavirus (COVID-19) is an infectious disease where the best way to prevent it is self-isolation Due to COVID-19, people are experiencing mental stress, aggression, and depression Covid19 can lead to an epidemic of clinical depression due to various reasons like personal loss, unemployment, or the unpredictability of the virus The principal aim of this study is to know if the COVID-19 lockdown is having a stress impact on the mental health of the general population Materials and Methods: The study setting was done through an online survey among the general population A questionnaire comprising of 12 questions were posted on an online survey platform The collected data were then analyzed in SPSS online software and the results were plotted in the form of bar graphs Results: From the present study, it is inferred that 85% of the study participants are undergoing mental and emotional stress Conclusion: Hence, it is evident that the COVID-19 lockdown is bringing a great impact on people both mentally and physically Thus, it is important for professional health care seekers to provide help in the current situation © IJCRR

Ultrasound therapy is one of the commonest and most popular modality used for tissue healing, pain reduction, tissue extensibility and in inflammation by physiotherapists all around the globe. Various sensitivity tests on peripheral nerves are done with ultrasound therapy, yet conclusions are still skeptical, which makes it inconclusive in progressing the modality further into management of nerve disorders. This study aimed to analyze efficiency of therapeutic ultrasound in influencing ulnar nerve conduction velocity. To Analyze the effect of ultrasound therapy in altering motor nerve conduction velocity of ulnar nerve with two therapeutic frequencies. 40 healthy individuals were included according to the selection criteria and they were explained about safety and simplicity of procedure and informed consent was obtained. All the participants were randomly assigned into two groups as 20 in each group. Group-A was given ultrasound therapy at specific site of elbow to target the ulnar nerve with 1MHz frequency and Group–B followed the same procedure with 3MHz frequency. Pre and Post to ultrasound therapy application Motor Nerve Conduction Velocity (MNCV) of ulnar nerve were recorded for both the groups. The posttest mean of MNCV for forearm segment and arm segment for Group A and Group B showed statistically significant difference (P Value