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16. Interaction between mesenchymal stem cells and immune cells in tissue engineering

Author

Yu, X, Wang, M, Laurencin, C, Huang, Rong, Zhou, Yinghong, Xiao, Yin, Yu, X, Wang, M, Laurencin, C, Huang, Rong, Zhou, Yinghong, and Xiao, Yin

Abstract

The use of substitutes for tissue repair is a multi-stage process lasting for a long time and the result is uncertain. Increasing evidence suggests that stem cell-based therapy has emerged as one of the most convincing therapies due to the inherent characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in respect to their self-renewal capacity and multipotent differentiation potential. More importantly, recent studies show that implanted MSCs have a close communication with immune cells, and the contribution of MSCs is beyond their direct immunosuppressive effect on immunoresponse. Collectively, the recent findings indicate that transplanted MSCs play an important role in regulation of tissue healing and regeneration. Therefore, using the biological approaches including the application of stem cells and cytokines in vivo become a promising way for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

Published
2019

27. Formation of hydroxyapatite–polyphosphazene polymer composites at physiologic temperature

Author

Greish, Y. E., Bender, J. D., Lakshmi, S., Brown, P. W., Allcock, H. R., Laurencin, C. T., Greish, Y. E., Bender, J. D., Lakshmi, S., Brown, P. W., Allcock, H. R., and Laurencin, C. T.

Abstract

Aspects of the formation of bone analog composites at 37°C are described. The composites are composed of hydroxyapatite (HAp) and the calcium salt of a biocompatible polymer and are capable of forming under in vivo conditions. Composite formation involves the formation of monolithic HAp from particulate calcium phosphate precursors while Ca ions liberated to the aqueous medium in which this reaction is occurring form crosslinks with the acidic polymer. The reactants are poly[bis(carboxylatophenoxy)phosphazene] (acid-PCPP), tetracalcium phosphate [Ca4(PO4)2O, TetCP], and anhydrous dicalcium phosphate (CaHPO4, DCPA). The effects of the proportion of polymer (5, 10, or 15 wt %) on the kinetics of HAp formation were studied. Compositional evolution of the solid calcium phosphates present was followed by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy analyses. HAp formation through a dissolution-precipitation process provided a mildly alkaline medium suitable for deprotonation of the acid-PCPP and for the formation of the calcium crosslinks, as monitored by infrared spectroscopy. Concurrence of crosslinking of the polymer and HAp formation was established, indicating true composite formation can be realized at physiologic temperature.

Published
2006
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