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1. A first-in-class inhibitor of HSP110 to potentiate XPO1-targeted therapy in primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma and classical Hodgkin lymphoma

Author: Manon Durand, Vincent Cabaud Gibouin, Laurence Duplomb, Leila Salmi, Mélody Caillot, Brigitte Sola, Vincent Camus, Fabrice Jardin, Carmen Garrido, and Gaëtan Jego
Subjects: Heat-shock protein, XPO1, STAT6, Lymphoma, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: Abstract Background Primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBL) and classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) are distinct hematological malignancies of B-cell origin that share many biological, molecular, and clinical characteristics. In particular, the JAK/STAT signaling pathway is a driver of tumor development due to multiple recurrent mutations, particularly in STAT6. Furthermore, the XPO1 gene that encodes exportin 1 (XPO1) shows a frequent point mutation (E571K) resulting in an altered export of hundreds of cargo proteins, which may impact the success of future therapies in PMBL and cHL. Therefore, targeted therapies have been envisioned for these signaling pathways and mutations. Methods To identify novel molecular targets that could overcome the treatment resistance that occurs in PMBL and cHL patients, we have explored the efficacy of a first-in-class HSP110 inhibitor (iHSP110-33) alone and in combination with selinexor, a XPO1 specific inhibitor, both in vitro and in vivo. Results We show that iHSP110-33 decreased the survival of several PMBL and cHL cell lines and the size of tumor xenografts. We demonstrate that HSP110 is a cargo of XPO1wt as well as of XPO1E571K. Using immunoprecipitation, proximity ligation, thermophoresis and kinase assays, we showed that HSP110 directly interacts with STAT6 and favors its phosphorylation. The combination of iHSP110-33 and selinexor induces a synergistic reduction of STAT6 phosphorylation and of lymphoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo. In biopsies from PMBL patients, we show a correlation between HSP110 and STAT6 phosphorylation levels. Conclusions These findings suggest that HSP110 could be proposed as a novel target in PMBL and cHL therapy.
Published: 2024
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2. Characterization of Vps13b-mutant mice reveals neuroanatomical and behavioral phenotypes with females less affected

Author: Charlotte Montillot, Emilia Skutunova, Ayushma, Morgane Dubied, Adam Lahmar, Sylvie Nguyen, Benazir Peerally, Fabrice Prin, Yannis Duffourd, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Laurence Duplomb, Heng Wang, Muhammad Ansar, Laurence Faivre, Nicolas Navarro, Shilpi Minocha, Stephan C. Collins, and Binnaz Yalcin
Subjects: Brain neuroanatomical phenotyping, Cohen syndrome, Mouse mutants, Neurodegeneration, VPS13B, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract: The vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 13B (VPS13B) is a large and highly conserved protein. Disruption of VPS13B causes the autosomal recessive Cohen syndrome, a rare disorder characterized by microcephaly and intellectual disability among other features, including developmental delay, hypotonia, and friendly-personality. However, the underlying mechanisms by which VPS13B disruption leads to brain dysfunction still remain unexplained.To gain insights into the neuropathogenesis of Cohen syndrome, we systematically characterized brain changes in Vps13b-mutant mice and compared murine findings to 235 previously published and 17 new patients diagnosed with VPS13B-related Cohen syndrome.We showed that Vps13b is differentially expressed across brain regions with the highest expression in the cerebellum, the hippocampus and the cortex with postnatal peak. Half of the Vps13b−/− mice die during the first week of life. The remaining mice have a normal lifespan and display the core phenotypes of the human disease, including microcephaly, growth delay, hypotonia, altered memory, and enhanced sociability. Systematic 2D and 3D brain histo-morphological analyses reveal specific structural changes in the brain starting after birth. The dentate gyrus is the brain region with the most prominent reduction in size, while the motor cortex is specifically thinner in layer VI. The fornix, the fasciculus retroflexus, and the cingulate cortex remain unaffected. Interestingly, these neuroanatomical changes implicate an increase of neuronal death during infantile stages with no progression in adulthood suggesting that VPS13B promotes neuronal survival early in life. Importantly, whilst both sexes were affected, some neuroanatomical and behavioral phenotypes were less pronounced or even absent in females. We evaluate sex differences in Cohen patients and conclude that females are less affected both in mice and patients.Our findings provide new insights about the neurobiology of VPS13B and highlight previously unreported brain phenotypes while defining Cohen syndrome as a likely new entity of non-progressive infantile neurodegeneration.
Published: 2023
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3. P1217: TARGETING HSP110 IN COMBINATION WITH SELINEXOR IN PRIMARY MEDIASTINAL B-CELL LYMPHOMA AND IN CLASSICAL HODGKIN LYMPHOMA INHIBITS STAT6 ACTIVATION AND IMPAIRS LYMPHOMA CELL GROWTH

Author: Manon Durand, Vincent Cabaud Gibouin, Vincent Camus, Leila Salmi, Laurence Duplomb, Pierre-Julien Viailly, Fabrice Jardin, Brigitte Sola, Carmen Garrido, and Gaetan Jego
Subjects: Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, RC633-647.5
Published: 2023
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4. Cystoid maculopathy is a frequent feature of Cohen syndrome-associated retinopathy

Author: Pierre-Henry Gabrielle, Laurence Faivre, Isabelle Audo, Xavier Zanlonghi, Hélène Dollfus, Alberta A. H. J. Thiadens, Christina Zeitz, Grazia M. S. Mancini, Yaumara Perdomo, Saddek Mohand-Saïd, Eléonore Lizé, Vincent Lhussiez, Emeline F. Nandrot, Niyazi Acar, Catherine Creuzot-Garcher, José-Alain Sahel, Muhammad Ansar, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Laurence Duplomb, and Romain Da Costa
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract Cohen syndrome (CS) is a rare syndromic form of rod-cone dystrophy. Recent case reports have suggested that cystoid maculopathy (CM) could affect CS patients with an early onset and high prevalence. Our study aims at improving our understanding and management of CM in CS patients through a retrospective case series of ten CS patients with identified pathogenic variants in VPS13B. Longitudinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging was performed and treatment with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAI) was provided to reduce the volume of cystoid spaces. CM affected eight out of ten patients in our cohort. The youngest patient showed a strong progression of macular cysts from the age of 4.5 to 5 years despite oral CAI medication. Other teenage and young adult patients showed stable macular cysts with and without treatment. One patient showed a moderate decrease of cystoid spaces in the absence of treatment at 22 years of age. Through a correlative analysis we found that the volume of cystoid spaces was positively correlated to the thickness of peripheral and macular photoreceptor-related layers. This study suggests that CAI treatments may not suffice to improve CM in CS patients, and that CM may resolve spontaneously during adulthood as photoreceptor dystrophy progresses.
Published: 2021
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5. Demonstration of reverse fatty acid transport from rat cardiomyocytes

Author: Byung-Hyun Park, Young Lee, Marlei Walton, Laurence Duplomb, and Roger H. Unger
Subjects: free fatty acid, insulin, liporegulation, triacylglycerol, Biochemistry, QD415-436
Abstract: Fatty acids flow from adipocytes to nonadipose tissues during fasting and exercise and normally are fully oxidized. To determine if nonadipose tissues can export unoxidized FA when FA influx exceeds oxidation, neonatal cardiomyocytes were cultured in 1 μCi 14C-palmitate in the presence of etomoxir to block oxidation. The cells took up and stored 25% of the radioactivity as 14C-triacylglycerol in 12 h, but 4.5% of the label was released in 3 h and comigrated with 14C-palmitate. Both uptake and release of radioactivity were increased by insulin and reduced by the nonspecific inhibitors of FA transporters phloretin and 4,4′-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid (DIDS). Perfused hearts from etomoxir-treated lean rats released 221 ± 59 nmol/10 min of FA. Hearts from high-fat-fed lean rats released 366 ± 172 nmol/10 min (P < 0.05). Hearts from obese rats released 744 ± 260 and 1,578 ± 630 nmol/10 min at 8 and 12 weeks of age, respectively. Perfusion with insulin increased FA release by 32%.In vitro and ex vivo findings suggest that nonadipose tissues such as myocardium can export FA when the unoxidized lipid content is excessive.
Published: 2004
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6. Periodontal disorders in a cohort of patients with Cohen syndrome

Author: Elodie Gautier, Laurence Duplomb, Laurent Laforest, Arnaud Lafon, Dominique Seux, Anahide Marcelet, Brigitte Grogogeat, and Laurence Faivre
Subjects: Periodontitis, medicine.medical_specialty, Cohen syndrome, business.industry, Context (language use), 030206 dentistry, Neutropenia, Oral health, medicine.disease, Dental Plaque Index, stomatognathic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Intellectual disability, Cohort, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, business, General Dentistry
Abstract: AIMS Cohen syndrome (CS) is an uncommon autosomal recessive disorder due to mutations in vacuolar protein sorting 13B, with an intermittent presence of neutropenia. Contrary to other clinical phenotypic features, oral health has been little investigated in CS. We described oral health and dental hygiene in a cohort of CS patients. METHODS AND RESULTS Twelve CS patients with neutropenia (
Published: 2020

7. Report of the first patient with a homozygous OTUD7A variant responsible for epileptic encephalopathy and related proteasome dysfunction

Author: Philippine Garret, Sana Mahmoudi, Blandine Dozières-Puyravel, Frédéric Ebstein, Geoffroy Delplancq, Karun K. Singh, Elke Krüger, Yannis Duffourd, Laurence Faivre, Jean-Marc Costa, Barbara A. Zieba, Antonio Vitobello, Detlef Trost, Aïcha Boughalem, Stéphane Auvin, Sandro Klafack, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Alain Verloes, and Laurence Duplomb
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Heterozygote, Candidate gene, alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor, Mutation, Missense, Chromosome Disorders, 030105 genetics & heredity, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, Epilepsy, Seizures, Intellectual Disability, Exome Sequencing, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, Missense mutation, Global developmental delay, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15, Deubiquitinating Enzymes, business.industry, Homozygote, Proteasome complex, medicine.disease, Penetrance, Hypotonia, Phenotype, 030104 developmental biology, Female, Chromosome Deletion, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract: Heterozygous microdeletions of chromosome 15q13.3 (MIM: 612001) show incomplete penetrance and are associated with a highly variable phenotype that may include intellectual disability, epilepsy, facial dysmorphism and digit anomalies. Rare patients carrying homozygous deletions show more severe phenotypes including epileptic encephalopathy, hypotonia and poor growth. For years, CHRNA7 (MIM: 118511), was considered the candidate gene that could account for this syndrome. However, recent studies in mouse models have shown that OTUD7A/CEZANNE2 (MIM: 612024), which encodes for an ovarian tumor (OTU) deubiquitinase, should be considered the critical gene responsible for brain dysfunction. In this study, a patient presenting with severe global developmental delay, language impairment and epileptic encephalopathy was referred to our genetics center. Trio exome sequencing (tES) analysis identified a homozygous OTUD7A missense variant (NM_130901.2:c.697C>T), predicted to alter an ultraconserved amino acid, p.(Leu233Phe), lying within the OTU catalytic domain. Its subsequent segregation analysis revealed that the parents, presenting with learning disability, and brother were heterozygous carriers. Biochemical assays demonstrated that proteasome complex formation and function were significantly reduced in patient-derived fibroblasts and in OTUD7A knockout HAP1 cell line. We provide evidence that biallelic pathogenic OTUD7A variation is linked to early-onset epileptic encephalopathy and proteasome dysfunction.
Published: 2020

8. Cystoid maculopathy is a frequent feature of Cohen syndrome-associated retinopathy

Author: Eléonore Lizé, Grazia M.S. Mancini, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Vincent Lhussiez, Hélène Dollfus, Saddek Mohand-Said, Niyazi Acar, Xavier Zanlonghi, José-Alain Sahel, Pierre-Henry Gabrielle, Isabelle Audo, Emeline F. Nandrot, Laurence Duplomb, Catherine Creuzot-Garcher, Alberta A H J Thiadens, Yaumara Perdomo, Muhammad Ansar, Romain Da Costa, Christina Zeitz, Laurence Faivre, CHU Dijon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), FHU TRANSLAD (CHU de Dijon), Equipe GAD (LNC - U1231), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Institut de la Vision, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier National d'Ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts (CHNO), DHU Sight Restore [Paris], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Centre de Référence pour les Affections Rares en Génétique Ophtalmologique (CARGO) et Service de Génétique Médicale, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Laboratoire de Génétique Médicale (LGM), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel [Basel, Switzerland] (IMCOB), Fondation Asile des aveugles - Hôpital Ophtalmique Jules-Gonin [Lausanne], Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares [CHU Dijon] (CRDICR), Service d'Ophtalmologie (CHU de Dijon), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland, Jules Gonin Eye Hospital, Université de Lausanne = University of Lausanne (UNIL), Centre de référence des maladies rares des déficiences intellectuelles de causes rares (CHU Dijon) (CRMR des déficiences intellectuelles de causes rares), the Conseil Régional de Bourgogne and the European Union through the Plan d'Actions Régional pour l'Innovation (PARI) and the PO FEDER-FSE Bourgogne 2014/2020 programs. This work is also supported by a research grant from the University of Pennsylvania Orphan Disease Center in partnership with COH1 Research Alliance (L.F., R.D.C., C.T., L.D.), and with funds from the JED Fondation (L.F.) as well as from Ville de Paris and Region Ile de France, LABEX LIFESENSES [reference ANR-10-LABX-65] supported by French state funds managed by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche within the Investissements d'Avenir program [ANR-11-IDEX-0004–0], IHU FOReSIGHT [ANR-18-IAHU-0001] supported by French state funds managed by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche within the Investissements d'Avenir program and Foundation Fighting Blindness center grant [C-CMM-0907–0428-INSERM04]., ANR-10-LABX-0065,LIFESENSES,DES SENS POUR TOUTE LA VIE(2010), ANR-11-IDEX-0004,SUPER,Sorbonne Universités à Paris pour l'Enseignement et la Recherche(2011), ANR-18-IAHU-0001,FOReSIGHT,Enabling Vision Restoration(2018), Julien, Sabine, DES SENS POUR TOUTE LA VIE - - LIFESENSES2010 - ANR-10-LABX-0065 - LABX - VALID, Sorbonne Universités à Paris pour l'Enseignement et la Recherche - - SUPER2011 - ANR-11-IDEX-0004 - IDEX - VALID, Enabling Vision Restoration - - FOReSIGHT2018 - ANR-18-IAHU-0001 - IAHU - VALID, Ophthalmology, Clinical Genetics, Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and University of Lausanne (UNIL)
Subjects: Male, genetic structures, Developmental Disabilities, Macular Degeneration, 0302 clinical medicine, Myopia, Medicine, Young adult, Child, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, Retinal Degeneration, Medical genetics, Retinal diseases, 3. Good health, VPS13B, [SDV.MHEP.OS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organs, Child, Preschool, Cohort, Microcephaly, Muscle Hypotonia, Female, Tomography, Optical Coherence, Retinopathy, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Science, [SDV.GEN.GH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Macular Edema, Article, Retina, Fingers, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Intellectual Disability, Ophthalmology, Humans, Obesity, [SDV.MHEP.OS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organs, Retrospective Studies, 030304 developmental biology, Cohen syndrome, business.industry, Dystrophy, Hereditary eye disease, medicine.disease, eye diseases, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, 030221 ophthalmology & optometry, Maculopathy, sense organs, business
Abstract: Cohen syndrome (CS) is a rare syndromic form of rod-cone dystrophy. Recent case reports have suggested that cystoid maculopathy (CM) could affect CS patients with an early onset and high prevalence. Our study aims at improving our understanding and management of CM in CS patients through a retrospective case series of ten CS patients with identified pathogenic variants in VPS13B. Longitudinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging was performed and treatment with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAI) was provided to reduce the volume of cystoid spaces. CM affected eight out of ten patients in our cohort. The youngest patient showed a strong progression of macular cysts from the age of 4.5 to 5 years despite oral CAI medication. Other teenage and young adult patients showed stable macular cysts with and without treatment. One patient showed a moderate decrease of cystoid spaces in the absence of treatment at 22 years of age. Through a correlative analysis we found that the volume of cystoid spaces was positively correlated to the thickness of peripheral and macular photoreceptor-related layers. This study suggests that CAI treatments may not suffice to improve CM in CS patients, and that CM may resolve spontaneously during adulthood as photoreceptor dystrophy progresses.
Published: 2021

9. Serpin B1 defect and increased apoptosis of neutrophils in Cohen syndrome neutropenia

Author: Laurence Duplomb, Jean-Noël Bastie, Edward Blair, Julie Riviere, Laurent Delva, Romain Da Costa, Arlette Hammann, Julien Thevenon, Bernard Aral, Jamal Ghoumid, Marie-Anne Gougerot-Pocidalo, Arnaud Lafon, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Alain Schmitt, Patrick Edery, Virginie Carmignac, Julien Guy, Nathalie Droin, Eric Solary, Laurence Faivre, Gaëtan Jego, Laurence Dubrez, Jessica Racine, Salima El Chehadeh-Djebbar, François Girodon, and Claude Capron
Subjects: Adult, Male, Programmed cell death, Neutropenia, Adolescent, Neutrophils, Developmental Disabilities, Down-Regulation, Apoptosis, Fingers, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Intellectual Disability, Drug Discovery, Myopia, Humans, Medicine, Obesity, Child, Serpins, Genetics (clinical), Cohen syndrome, biology, business.industry, Retinal Degeneration, SERPINB1, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, VPS13B, Child, Preschool, Neutrophil elastase, Mutation, Immunology, Microcephaly, biology.protein, Unfolded protein response, Muscle Hypotonia, Molecular Medicine, Female, business, 030215 immunology
Abstract: Cohen syndrome (CS) is a rare genetic disorder due to mutations in VPS13B gene. Among various clinical and biological features, CS patients suffer from inconsistent neutropenia, which is associated with recurrent but minor infections. We demonstrate here that this neutropenia results from an exaggerate rate of neutrophil apoptosis. Besides this increased cell death, which occurs in the absence of any endoplasmic reticulum stress or defect in neutrophil elastase (ELANE) expression or localization, all neutrophil functions appeared to be normal. We showed a disorganization of the Golgi apparatus in CS neutrophils precursors, that correlates with an altered glycosylation of ICAM-1 in these cells, as evidenced by a migration shift of the protein. Furthermore, a striking decrease in the expression of SERPINB1 gene, which encodes a critical component of neutrophil survival, was detected in CS neutrophils. These abnormalities may account for the excessive apoptosis of neutrophils leading to neutropenia in CS. KEY MESSAGES: Cohen syndrome patients' neutrophils display normal morphology and functions. Cohen syndrome patients' neutrophils have an increased rate of spontaneous apoptosis compared to healthy donors' neutrophils. No ER stress or defective ELA2 expression or glycosylation was observed in Cohen syndrome patients' neutrophils. SerpinB1 expression is significantly decreased in Cohen syndrome neutrophils as well as in VPS13B-deficient cells.
Published: 2019

10. A GWAS in Latin Americans identifies novel face shape loci, implicating VPS13B and a Denisovan introgressed region in facial variation

Author: Tábita Hünemeier, Andres Ruiz-Linares, Samuel Canizales-Quinteros, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Betty Bonfante, Juan Camilo Chacón-Duque, Laurence Duplomb, Charlotte Montillot, Sagnik Palmal, Javier Mendoza-Revilla, Justin Cotney, Laurence Faivre, Seth M. Weinberg, Victor Acuña-Alonzo, Emma Wentworth, Philip H. Jones, Claudia Jaramillo, Caroline Costedoat, Morgane Dubied, David J. Balding, Manfred Kayser, Pierre Faux, Francisco Rothhammer, Mirsha Sánchez-Quinto, Carla Gallo, Paola Everardo-Martínez, Macarena Fuentes-Guajardo, Evie Stergiakouli, Pirro G. Hysi, Ziyi Xiong, Giovanni Poletti, Ceferino Varón-González, Rodrigo Barquera, Maria Cátira Bortolini, Laurence J. Howe, Lauriane Poloni, Rolando González-José, Valeria Villegas, Malena Hurtado, Kaustubh Adhikari, William Arias, Vanessa Granja, Lavinia Schuler-Faccini, Virginia Ramallo, John R. Shaffer, Timothy C. Cox, Tim D. Spector, Gabriel Bedoya, Hugo Villamil-Ramírez, Caio Cesar Silva de Cerqueira, Fan Liu, Binnaz Yalcin, Jorge Gómez-Valdés, Nicolas Navarro, Anthropologie bio-culturelle, Droit, Ethique et Santé (ADES), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-EFS ALPES MEDITERRANEE-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia (UPCH), Génétique Evolutive Humaine - Human Evolutionary Genetics, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Equipe GAD (LNC - U1231), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Agro Dijon, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), University of Connecticut Health Center [Farmington], Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), University College of London [London] (UCL), Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Universidad de Tarapaca, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), Universidad de Antioquia = University of Antioquia [Medellín, Colombia], National School of Anthropology and History [Mexico City, Mexico] (NSAH), Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History (MPI-SHH), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México = National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica, Scientific Police of São Paulo State [Ourinhos, Brazil], Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), Centro Nacional Patagónico (CENPAT), Beijing Genomics Institute [Shenzhen] (BGI), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (UCAS), University of Pittsburgh (PITT), Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), University of Bristol [Bristol], King‘s College London, FHU TRANSLAD (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), University of Melbourne, University of Missouri [Kansas City] (UMKC), University of Missouri System, The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Fudan University [Shanghai], Work leading to this publication was funded by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (#31771393), the Scientific and Technology Committee of Shanghai Municipality (18490750300), the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2020YFE0201600), the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project (2017SHZDZX01) and the 111 Project (B13016), the Leverhulme Trust (F/07 134/DF), BBSRC (BB/I021213/1), the Excellence Initiative of Aix-Marseille University–A*MIDEX (a French 'Investissements d’Avenir' program), Universidad de Antioquia (CODI sostenibilidad de grupos 2013-2014 and MASO 2013-2014), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Apoio a Núcleos de Excelência Program), Fundação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (R01-DE027023, U01-DE020078, R01-DE016148, and X01-HG007821), and a Santander Research and Scholarship Award. B.B. is supported by a doctoral scholarship from Ecole Doctorale 251 Aix-Marseille Université., ANR-11-IDEX-0001,Amidex,INITIATIVE D'EXCELLENCE AIX MARSEILLE UNIVERSITE(2011), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Laboratorios de Investigación y Desarrollo (LID), Unit of Human Evolutionary Genetics, Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, University of Connecticut (UCONN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Department of Genetic Identification, Departamento de Tecnología Médica, Division of Vertebrates and Anthropology, Genética Molecular (GENMOL), Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National School of Anthropology and History, Department of Archaeogenetics [Jena] (DAG), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Forensic Science, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Unidad de Genomica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM)-Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica, Scientific Police of São Paulo State, Departamento de Genética e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Departamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS)-Instituto de Biociencias, Instituto Patagónico de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET), Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine [Beijing, China], Beijing Genomics Institute [Shenzhen] (BGI)-University of Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (UCAS), Center for Craniofacial and Dental Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE)-Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Department of Human Genetics, Department of Anthropology, Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of the West of England [Bristol] (UWE Bristol), School of Oral and Dental Sciences, Department of Twin Research & Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, Facultad de Medicina & Instituto de Alta Investigacion, Universidad de Tarapaca-Universidade de Chile, Melbourne Integrative Genomics, School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne-University of Melbourne, Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, University of Missouri System-University of Missouri System, School of Mathematics and Statistics [Milton Keynes], Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics [Milton Keynes], The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), State Key Laboratory of Genetics Engineering & MOE Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Fudan University [Shanghai]-School of Life Sciences, Work leading to this publication was funded by grantsfrom the National Natural Science Foundation of China (#31771393), the Scientific andTechnology Committee of Shanghai Municipality (18490750300), the Ministry ofScience and Technology of China (2020YFE0201600), the Shanghai Municipal Scienceand Technology Major Project (2017SHZDZX01) and the 111 Project (B13016), theLeverhulme Trust (F/07 134/DF), BBSRC (BB/I021213/1), the Excellence Initiative ofAix-Marseille University–A*MIDEX (a French 'Investissements d’Avenir' program),Universidad de Antioquia (CODI sostenibilidad de grupos 2013-2014 and MASO 2013-2014), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico,Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (Apoio a Núcleos deExcelência Program), Fundação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, theNational Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (R01-DE027023, U01-DE020078,R01-DE016148, and X01-HG007821), and a Santander Research and Scholarship Award.B.B. is supported by a doctoral scholarship from Ecole Doctorale 251 Aix-MarseilleUniversité., and Genetic Identification
Subjects: haplotype, Latin Americans, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology, Vesicular Transport Proteins, Genome-wide association study, Genome-wide association studies, Regulatory sequences, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Native Americans, single nucleotide polymorphism, GWAS, 10. No inequality, Two-dimensional profiles, Research Articles, Mammals, 0303 health sciences, Multidisciplinary, biology, adult, article, SciAdv r-articles, Genomic regions, Hispanic or Latino, craniofacial development, VPS13B, GENÉTICA, Phenotype, American Indian, regulatory sequence, HUMAN POPULATION, Research Article, Morphology, Latin americans, Genotype, animal experiment, introgression, Introgression, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Homo denisovan, 03 medical and health sciences, male, Animals, Humans, controlled study, human, Craniofacial, Facial feature, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.6 [https], Denisovan, Gene, mouse, 030304 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, nonhuman, genome-wide association study, Haplotype, face, Human Genetics, Single nucleotide polymorphisms, biology.organism_classification, photography, thickness, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.01.02 [https], facies, DENOSIVAN HAPLOTYPE, Evolutionary biology, Anthropology, Face, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#1.06.07 [https], Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract: We carried out a genome-wide association study in Latin Americans and identified novel face morphology loci.., To characterize the genetic basis of facial features in Latin Americans, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of more than 6000 individuals using 59 landmark-based measurements from two-dimensional profile photographs and ~9,000,000 genotyped or imputed single-nucleotide polymorphisms. We detected significant association of 32 traits with at least 1 (and up to 6) of 32 different genomic regions, more than doubling the number of robustly associated face morphology loci reported until now (from 11 to 23). These GWAS hits are strongly enriched in regulatory sequences active specifically during craniofacial development. The associated region in 1p12 includes a tract of archaic adaptive introgression, with a Denisovan haplotype common in Native Americans affecting particularly lip thickness. Among the nine previously unidentified face morphology loci we identified is the VPS13B gene region, and we show that variants in this region also affect midfacial morphology in mice.
Published: 2021

11. Haploinsufficiency of ARFGEF1 is associated with developmental delay, intellectual disability, and epilepsy with variable expressivity

Author: Jennifer E. Posey, Arthur Sorlin, Fatema Al Zahrani, Jérôme Govin, Nathalie Marle, Thomas Besnard, Anne-Sophie Denommé-Pichon, Sebastien Moutton, Jill A. Madden, Patrick Callier, Christophe Philippe, Eleina M. England, Julian Delanne, Benjamin Cogné, Ange-Line Bruel, Pankaj B. Agrawal, Maria Iascone, Tabib Dabir, Solène Conrad, Thierry Gautier, Quentin Thomas, Nebal Waill Saadi, Lydie Burglen, Laurence Duplomb, Fowzan S. Alkuraya, Yannis Duffourd, Sylvie Nguyen, Siddharth Banka, Dana Marafi, Marjolaine Willems, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Philippine Garret, Laurence Faivre, Frédéric Tran Mau-Them, Antonio Vitobello, James R. Lupski, Adam Jackson, Diana Rodriguez, Alice Masurel, Romano Tenconi, Martin Chevarin, and Bertand Isidor
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Genetics, Candidate gene, Heterozygote, Epilepsy, ADP ribosylation factor, In silico, Heterozygote advantage, Haploinsufficiency, 030105 genetics & heredity, Biology, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, Intellectual Disability, medicine, Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors, Humans, Guanine nucleotide exchange factor, Genetics (clinical), Minigene
Abstract: PURPOSE: ADP ribosylation factor guanine nucleotide exchange factors (ARFGEFs) are a family of proteins implicated in cellular trafficking between the Golgi apparatus and the plasma membrane through vesicle formation. Among them is ARFGEF1/BIG1, a protein involved in axon elongation, neurite development, and polarization processes. ARFGEF1 has been previously suggested as a candidate gene for different types of epilepsies, although its implication in human disease has not been well characterized.METHODS: International data sharing, in silico predictions, and in vitro assays with minigene study, western blot analyses, and RNA sequencing.RESULTS: We identified 13 individuals with heterozygous likely pathogenic variants in ARFGEF1. These individuals displayed congruent clinical features of developmental delay, behavioral problems, abnormal findings on brain magnetic resonance image (MRI), and epilepsy for almost half of them. While nearly half of the cohort carried de novo variants, at least 40% of variants were inherited from mildly affected parents who were clinically re-evaluated by reverse phenotyping. Our in silico predictions and in vitro assays support the contention that ARFGEF1-related conditions are caused by haploinsufficiency, and are transmitted in an autosomal dominant fashion with variable expressivity.CONCLUSION: We provide evidence that loss-of-function variants in ARFGEF1 are implicated in sporadic and familial cases of developmental delay with or without epilepsy.
Published: 2021
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12. Cystoid maculopathy is a frequent feature of Cohen syndrome-associated retinopathy

Author: Pierre Henry Gabrielle, Laurence Faivre, Isabelle Audo, Xavier Zanlonghi, Hélène Dollfus, A.A.H.J. (Alberta) Thiadens, Christina Zeitz, G.M.S. (Grazia) Verheijen - Mancini, Yaumara Perdomo, Saddek Mohand-Saïd, Eléonore Lizé, Vincent Lhussiez, Emeline F. Nandrot, Niyazi Acar, Catherine Creuzot-Garcher, José Alain Sahel, Muhammad Ansar, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Laurence Duplomb, Romain Da Costa, Pierre Henry Gabrielle, Laurence Faivre, Isabelle Audo, Xavier Zanlonghi, Hélène Dollfus, A.A.H.J. (Alberta) Thiadens, Christina Zeitz, G.M.S. (Grazia) Verheijen - Mancini, Yaumara Perdomo, Saddek Mohand-Saïd, Eléonore Lizé, Vincent Lhussiez, Emeline F. Nandrot, Niyazi Acar, Catherine Creuzot-Garcher, José Alain Sahel, Muhammad Ansar, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Laurence Duplomb, and Romain Da Costa
Abstract: Cohen syndrome (CS) is a rare syndromic form of rod-cone dystrophy. Recent case reports have suggested that cystoid maculopathy (CM) could affect CS patients with an early onset and high prevalence. Our study aims at improving our understanding and management of CM in CS patients through a retrospective case series of ten CS patients with identified pathogenic variants in VPS13B. Longitudinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging was performed and treatment with carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAI) was provided to reduce the volume of cystoid spaces. CM affected eight out of ten patients in our cohort. The youngest patient showed a strong progression of macular cysts from the age of 4.5 to 5 years despite oral CAI medication. Other teenage and young adult patients showed stable macular cysts with and without treatment. One patient showed a moderate decrease of cystoid spaces in the absence of treatment at 22 years of age. Through a correlative analysis we found that the volume of cystoid spaces was positively correlated to the thickness of peripheral and macular photoreceptor-related layers. This study suggests that CAI treatments may not suffice to improve CM in CS patients, and that CM may resolve spontaneously during adulthood as photoreceptor dystrophy progresses.
Published: 2021
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13. Cohen Syndrome-Associated Cataract Is Explained by VPS13B Functions in Lens Homeostasis and Is Modified by Additional Genetic Factors

Author: Romain Da Costa, Isabelle Audo, Laurence Olivier-Faivre, Serge Picaud, Laurence Duplomb, Niyazi Acar, Manuel Simonutti, Eléonore Lizé, Quénol Cesar, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Audrey Geissler, Muhammad Ansar, Vincent Lhussiez, Emeline F. Nandrot, Elisabeth Dubus, André Bouchot, Sylvie Nguyen, Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de la Vision, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), University of Geneva [Switzerland], The Regional Council of Bourgogne-Franche Comté and the European Union through the Plan d'Actions Régional pour l'Innovation (PARI) and the Programme opérationnel FEDER-FSE Bourgogne 2014–2020, funds from the Fondation de France/Fondation de l'Oeil (N.A.) and funds from the JED Fondation (L.F., V.L.), funds from Fondation Maladies Rares., HAL-SU, Gestionnaire, Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, genetic structures, Developmental Disabilities, Vesicular Transport Proteins, 030105 genetics & heredity, surgery, genetic background, chemistry.chemical_compound, Lens, Myopia, Homeostasis, Mice, Knockout, Cohen syndrome, [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, medicine.diagnostic_test, Retinal Degeneration, Genetic disorder, inflamma- tion, VPS13B, cataract, Knockout mouse, Microcephaly, Muscle Hypotonia, medicine.medical_specialty, mouse model, Blotting, Western, Retinitis, Fingers, Ophthalmoscopy, 03 medical and health sciences, Cataracts, Intellectual Disability, Ophthalmology, Lens, Crystalline, medicine, Animals, Obesity, business.industry, fibrosis, Retinal, genetic modifiers, medicine.disease, eye diseases, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Disease Models, Animal, ophthalmology, 030104 developmental biology, Gene Expression Regulation, chemistry, inflammation, RNA, sense organs, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: International audience; Purpose: Cohen syndrome (CS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by variants of the VPS13B gene. CS patients are affected with a severe form of retinal dystrophy, and in several cases cataracts also develop. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanisms and risk factors for cataract in CS, as well as to report on cataract surgeries in CS patients.Methods: To understand how VPS13B is associated with visual impairments in CS, we generated the Vps13b∆Ex3/∆Ex3 mouse model. Mice from 1 to 3 months of age were followed by ophthalmoscopy and slit-lamp examinations. Phenotypes were investigated by histology, immunohistochemistry, and western blot. Literature analysis was performed to determine specific characteristic features of cataract in CS and to identify potential genotype–phenotype correlations.Results: Cataracts rapidly developed in 2-month-old knockout mice and were present in almost all lenses at 3 months. Eye fundi appeared normal until cataract development. Lens immunostaining revealed that cataract formation was associated with the appearance of large vacuoles in the cortical area, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and fibrosis. In later stages, cataracts became hypermature, leading to profound retinal remodeling due to inflammatory events. Literature analysis showed that CS-related cataracts display specific features compared to other forms of retinitis pigmentosa-related cataracts, and their onset is modified by additional genetic factors. Corroboratively, we were able to isolate a subline of the Vps13b∆Ex3/∆Ex3 model with delayed cataract onset.Conclusions: VPS13B participates in lens homeostasis, and the CS-related cataract development dynamic is linked to additional genetic factors.
Published: 2020

14. Neutralization of HSF1 in cells from PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum patients blocks abnormal proliferation

Author: Romain, Da Costa, Steven, De Almeida, Martin, Chevarin, Smail, Hadj-Rabia, Stéphanie, Leclerc-Mercier, Christel, Thauvin-Robinet, Carmen, Garrido, Laurence, Faivre, Pierre, Vabres, Laurence, Duplomb, and Gaëtan, Jego
Subjects: Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, Vascular Malformations, Fibroblasts, Musculoskeletal Abnormalities, Heat Shock Transcription Factors, Drug Discovery, Mutation, Humans, Lipoma, Molecular Targeted Therapy, Phosphorylation, Nevus, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt, Cells, Cultured, Cell Proliferation, Signal Transduction
Abstract: PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum is caused by mosaicism mutations in the PIK3CA gene. These mutations, which are also observed in various types of cancer, lead to a constitutive activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, increasing cell proliferation. Heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) is the major stress-responsive transcription factor. Recent findings indicate that AKT phosphorylates and activates HSF1 independently of heat-shock in breast cancer cells. Here, we aimed to investigate the role of HSF1 in PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum. We observed a higher rate of proliferation and increased phosphorylation of AKT and p70S6K in mutant fibroblasts than in control cells. We also found elevated phosphorylation and activation of HSF1, which is directly correlated to AKT activation. Specific AKT inhibitors inhibit HSF1 phosphorylation as well as HSF1-dependent gene transcription. Finally, we demonstrated that targeting HSF1 with specific inhibitors reduced the proliferation of mutant cells. As there is currently no curative treatment for PIK3CA-related overgrowth spectrum, our results identify HSF1 as a new potential therapeutic target.
Published: 2020

15. Author response for 'Report of the first patient with a homozygous OTUD7A variant responsible for epileptic encephalopathy and related proteasome dysfunction'

Author: Philippine Garret, Blandine Dozières-Puyravel, Alain Verloes, Elke Krüger, Yannis Duffourd, Barbara A. Zieba, Frédéric Ebstein, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Sana Mahmoudi, Laurence Duplomb, Stéphane Auvin, Sandro Klafack, Geoffroy Delplancq, Antonio Vitobello, Detlef Trost, Jean-Marc Costa, Karun K. Singh, Aïcha Boughalem, and Laurence Faivre
Subjects: Proteasome, business.industry, Epileptic encephalopathy, Medicine, Bioinformatics, business
Published: 2020

16. De novo mutations in the X-linked TFE3 gene cause intellectual disability with pigmentary mosaicism and storage disorder-like features

Author: Bertrand Isidor, Rami Abou Jamra, Virginie Carmignac, Yannis Duffourd, Helio Pedro, Eriko Koshimizu, Maja Hempel, Tobias Bartolomaeus, Martin Chevarin, Floor A. M. Duijkers, Maria J. Guillen Sacoto, Erin Torti, David Geneviève, David J. Harris, Valerie Loik Ramey, Klaske D. Lichtenbelt, Arthur Sorlin, Miriam Maik, Anne Guimier, Paul Kuentz, Tatjana Bierhals, Orly Elpeleg, Yoshiko Murakami, Laurence Faivre, Jean Baptiste Rivière, Jill Clayton-Smith, Laurent Pasquier, Yuichi Abe, Edgard Verdura, Aviva Fattal, Judith St-Onge, Daphné Lehalle, Joerg Betschinger, Krista Sondergaard-Schatz, Laurie Simone, Christa W. Habela, Ivon Cusco, Mieke M. van Haelst, Pierre Vabres, Laurence Duplomb, Magali Avila, Sakoto Miyakate, Koen L.I. van Gassen, Julien Thevenon, Eveline S. J. M. de Bont, Benjamin Cogné, Pia Zacher, Silvana van Koningsbruggen, Thibaud Jouan, Irene Valenzuela, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Salvy-Córdoba, Nathalie, FHU TRANSLAD (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Service de Génétique médicale [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Equipe GAD (LNC - U1231), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf = University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf [Hamburg] (UKE), GeneDx [Gaithersburg, MD, USA], National Center for Child Health and Development [Tokyo], University Hospital Leipzig, Manchester Centre for Genomic Medicine [Manchester, UK] (MCGM), St Mary's Hospital Manchester-Manchester Academic Health Science Centre (MAHSC), University of Manchester [Manchester]-University of Manchester [Manchester]-Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust (MFT)-Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health [Manchester, UK], University of Manchester [Manchester], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Unité de recherche de l'institut du thorax (ITX-lab), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital [Barcelona], University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), VU University Medical Center [Amsterdam], Department of Genetics and Metabolic Diseases and the Monique and Jacques Roboh Department of Genetic Research, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center [Jerusalem], Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center [Te Aviv], Département de génétique médicale, maladies rares et médecine personnalisée [CHRU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Boston Children's Hospital, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus [Utrecht], University Medical Center [Utrecht], Hackensack University Medical Center [Hackensack], Yokohama City University (YCU), Osaka University [Osaka], CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes], Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine [Baltimore], Child Health and Human Development Program [Montréal, QC, Canada], McGill University Health Center [Montreal] (MUHC), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), University Hospital Erlangen = Uniklinikum Erlangen, Department of Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Bellvitge [Barcelone] (IDIBELL), CIBER de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Kleinwachau - Saxon Epilepsy Center Radeberg, Department of Human Genetics [Montréal], McGill University = Université McGill [Montréal, Canada], Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research (FMI), Novartis Research Foundation, Human Genetics, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Human genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, and Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, MESH: Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Intellectual disability, TFE3, Biology, [SDV.GEN.GH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, MESH: Intellectual Disability, 03 medical and health sciences, Exon, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Whole Exome Sequencing, MESH: Child, Genetics, medicine, Missense mutation, Gene, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Pigmentary mosaicism, MESH: Pathology, Molecular, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, Alternative splicing, Lysosomal metabolism, MESH: Child, Preschool, [SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, MESH: Adult, medicine.disease, Phenotype, MESH: Infant, MESH: Male, Storage disorder, 030104 developmental biology, MESH: Genes, X-Linked, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, MESH: Young Adult, MESH: Epilepsy, MESH: Mosaicism, MESH: Pigmentation Disorders, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: IntroductionPigmentary mosaicism (PM) manifests by pigmentation anomalies along Blaschko’s lines and represents a clue toward the molecular diagnosis of syndromic intellectual disability (ID). Together with new insights on the role for lysosomal signalling in embryonic stem cell differentiation, mutations in the X-linked transcription factor 3 (TFE3) have recently been reported in five patients. Functional analysis suggested these mutations to result in ectopic nuclear gain of functions.Materials and methodsSubsequent data sharing allowed the clustering of de novo TFE3 variants identified by exome sequencing on DNA extracted from leucocytes in patients referred for syndromic ID with or without PM.ResultsWe describe the detailed clinical and molecular data of 17 individuals harbouring a de novo TFE3 variant, including the patients that initially allowed reporting TFE3 as a new disease-causing gene. The 12 females and 5 males presented with pigmentation anomalies on Blaschko’s lines, severe ID, epilepsy, storage disorder-like features, growth retardation and recognisable facial dysmorphism. The variant was at a mosaic state in at least two male patients. All variants were missense except one splice variant. Eleven of the 13 variants were localised in exon 4, 2 in exon 3, and 3 were recurrent variants.ConclusionThis series further delineates the specific storage disorder-like phenotype with PM ascribed to de novo TFE3 mutation in exons 3 and 4. It confirms the identification of a novel X-linked human condition associated with mosaicism and dysregulation within the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, as well as a link between lysosomal signalling and human development.
Published: 2020

17. A constitutive BCL2 down-regulation aggravates the phenotype of PKD1-mutant-induced polycystic kidney disease

Author: Virginie Carmignac, David Vandroux, Nathalie Droin, Patrick Callier, Guillaume Meurice, Laurence Faivre, Noémie Pata-Merci, Romaric Loffroy, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Ange-Line Bruel, Romain Da Costa, Julien Thevenon, Olivier Bouchot, Laurence Duplomb, Eric Solary, Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Hématopoïèse normale et pathologique (U1170 Inserm), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de chirurgie cardio-vasculaire et thoracique (CHU Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), FHU TRANSLAD (CHU de Dijon), Laboratoire de cytogénétique (CHU de Dijon), Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse (AMMICa), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de radiologie et d'Imagerie médicale diagnostique et thérapeutique (CHU de Dijon), Plateforme de Génomique [Gustave Roussy], Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), NVH Medicinal Biotechnology (Dijon), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 - Faculté de médecine (UP11 UFR Médecine), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Hématopoïèse normale et pathologique ( U1170 Inserm ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), FHU TRANSLAD, Analyse moléculaire, modélisation et imagerie de la maladie cancéreuse ( AMMICa ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Plateforme de Génomique, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Université Paris-Sud 11 - Faculté de médecine ( UP11 UFR Médecine )
Subjects: Adult, Male, 0301 basic medicine, TRPP Cation Channels, phenotype, bcl2 gene, Biology, micro rna, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, down-regulation, symptom aggravating factors, hemic and lymphatic diseases, t-lymphocyte, Gene expression, Genetics, medicine, Polycystic kidney disease, Animals, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, [ SDV.GEN.GH ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, genes, Molecular Biology, Gene, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Mice, Knockout, PKD1, apoptosis, Exons, General Medicine, Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant, medicine.disease, Phenotype, Pedigree, Up-Regulation, 3. Good health, MicroRNAs, 030104 developmental biology, MRNA Sequencing, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Immunology, Cancer research, Lymphocytopenia, polycystic kidney diseases, bcl-2 protein
Abstract: IF 5.340; International audience; The main identified function of BCL2 protein is to prevent cell death by apoptosis. Mice knock-out for Bcl2 demonstrate growth retardation, severe polycystic kidney disease (PKD), gray hair and lymphopenia, and die prematurely after birth. Here, we report a 40-year-old male referred to for abdominal and thoracic aortic dissection with associated aortic root aneurysm, PKD, lymphocytopenia with a history of T cell lymphoblastic lymphoma, white hair since the age of 20, and learning difficulties. PKD, which was also detected in the father and sister, was related to an inherited PKD1 mutation. The combination of PKD with gray hair and lymphocytopenia was also reminiscent of Bcl2-/- mouse phenotype. BCL2 gene transcript and protein level were observed to be dramatically decreased in patient peripheral blood T-cells and in his aorta vascular wall cells, which was not detected in parents and sister T-cells, suggesting an autosomal recessive inheritance. Accordingly, spontaneous apoptosis of patient T-cells was increased and could be rescued through stimulation with an anti-CD3 antibody. Direct sequencing of BCL2 gene exons, promoter and 3'UTR region as well as BCL2 mRNA sequencing failed in identifying any pathogenic variant. Array-CGH was also normal and whole exome sequencing of the patient, parents and sister DNA did not detect any significant variant in genes encoding Bcl2-interacting proteins. miRNA array identified an up-regulation of miR-181a, which is a known regulator of BCL2 expression. Altogether, miR-181a-mediated decrease in BCL2 gene expression could be a modifying factor that aggravates the phenotype of a PKD1 constitutive variant.
Published: 2017

18. STAG1 mutations cause a novel cohesinopathy characterised by unspecific syndromic intellectual disability

Author: Julien Thevenon, Christiane Zweier, Hilde Olivié, Nicole Revencu, Aurélia Jacquette, Megan T. Cho, Anne-Laure Mosca-Boidron, Marjolein H. Willemsen, Laurence Faivre, Yannis Duffourd, Odile Boute-Benejean, Elaine H. Zackai, Carey McDougall, Amber Begtrup, Anita Rauch, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Perrine Charles, Koen L.I. van Gassen, Thomas Smol, Laurence Duplomb-Jego, Daphné Lehalle, Amanda Clarkson, Orrin Devinsky, Catherine Vincent-Delorme, Paul Kuentz, Bénédicte Gérard, Patrick Callier, Karol Rubin, Jean-Baptiste Rivière, Sébastien Moutton, Deborah J. Shears, Ana Lisa Taylor Tavares, Ingrid Simonic, Paulien A. Terhal, Soo-Mi Park, Alice Masurel-Paulet, and Golder N. Wilson
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Genetics, Mutation, Cohesin complex, Point mutation, Biology, medicine.disease, medicine.disease_cause, Bioinformatics, Frameshift mutation, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Intellectual disability, medicine, Journal Article, Missense mutation, Gene, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Rare cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 9]
Abstract: Item does not contain fulltext BACKGROUND: Cohesinopathies are rare neurodevelopmental disorders arising from a dysfunction in the cohesin pathway, which enables chromosome segregation and regulates gene transcription. So far, eight genes from this pathway have been reported in human disease. STAG1 belongs to the STAG subunit of the core cohesin complex, along with five other subunits. This work aimed to identify the phenotype ascribed to STAG1 mutations. METHODS: Among patients referred for intellectual disability (ID) in genetics departments worldwide, array-comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH), gene panel, whole-exome sequencing or whole-genome sequencing were performed following the local diagnostic standards. RESULTS: A mutation in STAG1 was identified in 17 individuals from 16 families, 9 males and 8 females aged 2-33 years. Four individuals harboured a small microdeletion encompassing STAG1; three individuals from two families had an intragenic STAG1 deletion. Six deletions were identified by array-CGH, one by whole-exome sequencing. Whole-exome sequencing found de novo heterozygous missense or frameshift STAG1 variants in eight patients, a panel of genes involved in ID identified a missense and a frameshift variant in two individuals. The 17 patients shared common facial features, with wide mouth and deep-set eyes. Four individuals had mild microcephaly, seven had epilepsy. CONCLUSIONS: We report an international series of 17 individuals from 16 families presenting with syndromic unspecific ID that could be attributed to a STAG1 deletion or point mutation. This first series reporting the phenotype ascribed to mutation in STAG1 highlights the importance of data sharing in the field of rare disorders.
Published: 2017

19. Excess of de novo variants in genes involved in chromatin remodelling in patients with marfanoid habitus and intellectual disability

Author: Florence Demurger, Christine Binquet, Muriel Holder, Frédéric Tran Mau-Them, Salima El Chehadeh, Martine Doco-Fenzy, Geneviève Baujat, Delphine Héron, Judith St-Onge, Christophe Philippe, Elodie Gautier, Robert Olaso, Rebecca A. Barnard, Paul Kuentz, François Lecoquierre, Stanislas Lyonnet, Gwenaëlle Collod-Béroud, Dominique Martin-Coignard, Isabelle Missotte, Anne Boland, Cyril Goizet, Laurence Perrin, Valérie Cormier-Daire, Sébastien Moutton, Nadine Hanna, Jean-François Deleuze, Audrey Putoux, Guillaume Jondeau, Sylvie Odent, Doris Lechner, Arnold Munnich, Thibaud Jouan, Aurélia Jacquette, Pierre-Simon Jouk, Martin Chevarin, Virginie Carmignac, Elisabetta Lapi, Alice Goldenberg, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Sujatha Jagadeesh, P. Callier, Fatma Daoud, Yannis Duffourd, Frédéric Huet, Nathalie Marle, Charlotte Poe, Gipsy Lopez, Cyril Mignot, Florence Petit, Khadija Amarof, Brian J. O'Roak, Caroline Cabret, Fanny Morice-Picard, Jean Baptiste Rivière, Mirna Assoum, Marie Ange Delrue, Julien Thevenon, Laurence Faivre, David Geneviève, Elisabeth Sarrazin, Ange Line Bruel, Pauline Arnaud, Catherine Boileau, Christine Coubes, Didier Lacombe, Laurence Duplomb, Alice Masurel, Patrick Collignon, Antonio Vitobello, Julien Van-Gils, Bruno Leheup, Nolwenn Jean-Marçais, Equipe GAD (LNC - U1231), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, FHU TRANSLAD (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Rennes], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Centre Hospitalier Le Mans (CH Le Mans), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Hôpital Robert Debré Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France], Hôpital Pierre Zobda-Quitman [CHU de la Martinique], Centre hospitalier territorial Gaston-Bourret [Nouméa], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Hémostase et Remodelage Vasculaire Post-Ischémie (HERVI - EA 3801), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Marseille medical genetics - Centre de génétique médicale de Marseille (MMG), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Paris-Saclay, and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: Proband, Male, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], intellectual deficiency, MESH: NFI Transcription Factors, chromatin remodeling, Marfan Syndrome, Craniofacial Abnormalities, MESH: Child, Intellectual disability, MESH: Craniofacial Abnormalities, MESH: Mental Retardation, X-Linked, Exome, Child, de novo variants, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Genetics, MESH: Exome, MESH: Middle Aged, biology, MESH: Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Middle Aged, NFIX, MESH: Young Adult, Female, Adult, MESH: Mutation, Adolescent, Chromatin remodeling, MESH: Intellectual Disability, MESH: Marfan Syndrome, EHMT1, Young Adult, MESH: Whole Exome Sequencing, Intellectual Disability, Exome Sequencing, medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, marfanoid habitus, Gene, MESH: Neurodevelopmental Disorders, MESH: Adolescent, MESH: Humans, Genetic heterogeneity, MESH: Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly, MESH: Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase, MESH: Adult, Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase, medicine.disease, Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly, MESH: Male, NFI Transcription Factors, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Mutation, biology.protein, Mental Retardation, X-Linked, MESH: Female
Abstract: PurposeMarfanoid habitus (MH) combined with intellectual disability (ID) (MHID) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous presentation. The combination of array CGH and targeted sequencing of genes responsible for Marfan or Lujan–Fryns syndrome explain no more than 20% of subjects.MethodsTo further decipher the genetic basis of MHID, we performed exome sequencing on a combination of trio-based (33 subjects) or single probands (31 subjects), of which 61 were sporadic.ResultsWe identified eight genes with de novo variants (DNVs) in at least two unrelated individuals (ARID1B, ATP1A1, DLG4, EHMT1, NFIX, NSD1, NUP205 and ZEB2). Using simulation models, we showed that five genes (DLG4, NFIX, EHMT1, ZEB2 and ATP1A1) met conservative Bonferroni genomewide significance for an excess of the observed de novo point variants. Overall, at least one pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant was identified in 54.7% of subjects (35/64). These variants fell within 27 genes previously associated with Mendelian disorders, including NSD1 and NFIX, which are known to be mutated in overgrowth syndromes.ConclusionWe demonstrated that DNVs were enriched in chromatin remodelling (p=2×10−4) and genes regulated by the fragile X mental retardation protein (p=3×10−8), highlighting overlapping genetic mechanisms between MHID and related neurodevelopmental disorders.
Published: 2019

20. De novo truncating variants in the intronless IRF2BPL are responsible for developmental epileptic encephalopathy

Author: Laurent Guibaud, Kristin Lindstrom, F. Tran Mau-Them, Alice Masurel, John M. Graham, Yannis Duffourd, Renske Oegema, A. A. Sharkov, Markus Zweier, M. J. van den Boogaard, Thibaud Jouan, Ekaterina R. Lozier, Agnes Chen, M. T. Cho, Sergey Korostelev, Laurence Faivre, Henry J. Lin, F. A. Konovalov, Anaïs Begemann, Patricia I. Dickson, Jennifer Friedman, K.L.I. van Gassen, Boris Keren, Laurence Duplomb, C. Thauvin-Robinet, Moin Vera, Isabelle Marey, Margaret G. Au, Christophe Philippe, Thomas Schmitt-Mechelke, Floor E. Jansen, B. Urteaga, Caroline Nava, Stan F. Nelson, Julian A. Martinez-Agosto, Anita Rauch, Fanny Mochel, and Antonio Vitobello
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Adult, Central Nervous System, Male, Heterozygote, Adolescent, data sharing, 030105 genetics & heredity, Biology, developmental epileptic encephalopathies, 03 medical and health sciences, Epilepsy, Young Adult, Neurodevelopmental disorder, Seizures, medicine, Transcriptional regulation, Humans, Genetics(clinical), Child, Gene, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Genetics, Genetic heterogeneity, Neurodegeneration, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Nuclear Proteins, Electroencephalography, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, Phenotype, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Mutation, IRF2BPL, Female, Carrier Proteins, exome sequencing, Interferon regulatory factors
Abstract: Purpose: Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs) are severe clinical conditions characterized by stagnation or decline of cognitive and behavioral abilities preceded, accompanied or followed by seizures. Because DEEs are clinically and genetically heterogeneous, next-generation sequencing, especially exome sequencing (ES), is becoming a first-tier strategy to identify the molecular etiologies of these disorders. Methods: We combined ES analysis and international data sharing. Results: We identified 11 unrelated individuals with DEE and de novo heterozygous truncating variants in the interferon regulatory factor 2–binding protein-like gene (IRF2BPL). The 11 individuals allowed for delineation of a consistent neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by mostly normal initial psychomotor development followed by severe global neurological regression and epilepsy with nonspecific electroencephalogram (EEG) abnormalities and variable central nervous system (CNS) anomalies. IRF2BPL, also known as enhanced at puberty protein 1 (EAP1), encodes a transcriptional regulator containing a C-terminal RING-finger domain common to E3 ubiquitin ligases. This domain is required for its repressive and transactivating transcriptional properties. The variants identified are expected to encode a protein lacking the C-terminal RING-finger domain. Conclusions: These data support the causative role of truncating IRF2BPL variants in pediatric neurodegeneration and expand the spectrum of transcriptional regulators identified as molecular factors implicated in genetic developmental and epileptic encephalopathies.
Published: 2019

21. Application of whole-exome sequencing to unravel the molecular basis of undiagnosed syndromic congenital neutropenia with intellectual disability

Author: Jean Donadieu, Delphine Héron, Laurence Faivre, Salima El Chehadeh, Daphné Lehalle, Claire Briandet, Elodie Gautier, Julien Thevenon, Daniel Amram, Thibaud Jouan, Jean-Baptiste Rivière, Judith Melki, Laurence Duplomb-Jego, Frédéric Huet, Christine Bellanné-Chantelot, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Ange-Line Bruel, Yannis Duffourd, Lucile Pinson, Isabelle Maystadt, Judith St-Onge, Sophia Julia, Alexandra Gauthier-Vasserot, Paul Kuentz, Institut d'hématologie et d'oncologie pédiatrique [CHU - HCL] (IHOPe), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), CHU Dijon, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Groupe de Recherche Clinique : Déficience Intellectuelle et Autisme (GRC), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Service d'hématologie-immunologie-oncologie pédiatrique [CHU Trousseau], CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Service de Génétique Cytogénétique et Embryologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Immuno-hématologie pédiatrique (MaRIH), Laboratoire de géographie physique : Environnements Quaternaires et Actuels (LGP), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Génétique Humaine, Institut de Pathologie et de Génétique, Université de Namur [Namur] (UNamur), Service de génétique médicale [Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Unité fonctionnelle de génétique clinique, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de génétique médicale, CHU Strasbourg-Hôpital de Hautepierre [Strasbourg], Hôpital Bicêtre, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Toulouse-Purpan, Institut d'hématologie et d'oncologie pédiatrique [CHU - HCL] ( IHOPe ), Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement ( GAD ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Centre de Référence des Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Groupe de Recherche Clinique : Déficience Intellectuelle et Autisme ( GRC ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ), Service d’oncologie hématologie pédiatrique [CHU Trousseau], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Immuno-hématologie pédiatrique ( MaRIH ), Laboratoire de géographie physique ( LGP ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ) -Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Namur, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] ( CHRU Montpellier ) -Hôpital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, Université de Bourgogne (UB)-IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Service de pédiatrie (CHU de Dijon), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Neutropenia, Adolescent, Neonatal onset, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, congenital neutropenia, [ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Intellectual Disability, Intellectual disability, Genetics, medicine, Congenital Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes, Humans, Exome, Child, Congenital Neutropenia, Genetic Association Studies, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Retrospective Studies, business.industry, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Infant, Syndrome, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Phenotype, 030104 developmental biology, CHD2, Child, Preschool, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Cohort, Etiology, Female, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Biomarkers
Abstract: International audience; Neutropenia can be qualified as congenital when of neonatal onset or when associated with extra-hematopoietic manifestations. Overall, 30% of patients with congenital neutropenia (CN) remain without a molecular diagnosis after a multidisciplinary consultation and tedious diagnostic strategy. In the rare situations when neutropenia is identified and associated with intellectual disability (ID), there are few diagnostic hypotheses to test. This retrospective multicenter study reports on a clinically heterogeneous cohort of 10 unrelated patients with CN associated with ID and no molecular diagnosis prior to whole-exome sequencing (WES). WES provided a diagnostic yield of 40% (4/10). The results suggested that in many cases neutropenia and syndromic manifestations could not be assigned to the same molecular alteration. Three sub-groups of patients were highlighted: (i) severe, symptomatic chronic neutropenia, detected early in life, and related to a known mutation in the CN spectrum (ELANE); (ii) mild to moderate benign intermittent neutropenia, detected later, and associated with mutations in genes implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders (CHD2, HUWE1); and (iii) moderate to severe intermittent neutropenia as a probably undiagnosed feature of a newly reported syndrome (KAT6A). Unlike KAT6A, which seems to be associated with a syndromic form of CN, the other reported mutations may not explain the entire clinical picture. Although targeted gene sequencing can be discussed for the primary diagnosis of severe CN, we suggest that performing WES for the diagnosis of disorders associating CN with ID will not only provide the etiological diagnosis but will also pave the way towards personalized care and follow-up. (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., (C) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Published: 2016

22. Autosomal recessive IFT57 hypomorphic mutation cause ciliary transport defect in unclassified oral-facial-digital syndrome with short stature and brachymesophalangia

Author: Jean-Baptiste Rivière, Alice Masurel-Paulet, Christophe Philippe, Valérie Cormier-Daire, Gregory J. Pazour, Shubha R. Phadke, Virginie Carmignac, Tania Attié-Bitach, Brunella Franco, Laurence Faivre, Magali Avila, Laurence Duplomb, Julien Thevenon, Yannis Duffourd, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Judith St-Onge, Aline Saunier, Thibaut Eguether, and Ange-Line Bruel
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Genetics, Sanger sequencing, Genetic heterogeneity, Biology, Disease gene identification, medicine.disease, Ciliopathies, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, Ciliopathy, symbols.namesake, 030104 developmental biology, medicine, symbols, Exome, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Ellis–van Creveld syndrome
Abstract: The 13 subtypes of oral-facial-digital syndrome (OFDS) belong to the heterogeneous group of ciliopathies. Disease-causing genes encode for centrosomal proteins, components of the transition zone or proteins implicated in ciliary signaling. A unique consanguineous family presenting with an unclassified OFDS with skeletal dysplasia and brachymesophalangia was explored. Homozygosity mapping and exome sequencing led to the identification of a homozygous mutation in IFT57, which encodes a protein implicated in ciliary transport. The mutation caused splicing anomalies with reduced expression of the wild-type transcript and protein. Both anterograde ciliary transport and sonic hedgehog signaling were significantly decreased in subjects' fibroblasts compared with controls. Sanger sequencing of IFT57 in 13 OFDS subjects and 12 subjects with Ellis-Van Creveld syndrome was negative. This report identifies the implication of IFT57 in human pathology and highlights the first description of a ciliary transport defect in OFDS, extending the genetic heterogeneity of this subgroup of ciliopathies.
Published: 2016

23. Autosomal-recessive SASH1 variants associated with a new genodermatosis with pigmentation defects, palmoplantar keratoderma and skin carcinoma

Author: Christel Thauvin, Marie Hélène Aubriot-Lorton, Nadège Gigot, Nathalie Marle, Bernard Aral, Laurence Duplomb, Alain Sarasin, Julien Thevenon, Valeria Naim, Jean-Baptiste Rivière, Jean Benoît Courcet, Pierre Vabres, Jamal Eddin Abrid, Mariam Tajir, Laurence Faivre, Emilie Courcet-Degrolard, Siham Chafai Elalaoui, Laurent Martin, Abdelaziz Sefiani, and Yannis Duffourd
Subjects: Adult, Male, Skin Neoplasms, DNA Mutational Analysis, Mutation, Missense, Genes, Recessive, Consanguinity, Biology, Article, Keratoderma, Palmoplantar, Genetics, medicine, Humans, Exome, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Genetics (clinical), Pigmentation disorder, Skin, Family Health, Siblings, Tumor Suppressor Proteins, Homozygote, Genodermatosis, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Fibroblasts, medicine.disease, Disease gene identification, Hyperpigmentation, Pedigree, Palmoplantar keratoderma, Female, Skin cancer, medicine.symptom, Skin Carcinoma, Pigmentation Disorders
Abstract: SASH1 (SAM and SH3 domain-containing protein 1) is a tumor suppressor gene involved in the tumorigenesis of a spectrum of solid cancers. Heterozygous SASH1 variants are known to cause autosomal-dominant dyschromatosis. Homozygosity mapping and whole-exome sequencing were performed in a consanguineous Moroccan family with two affected siblings presenting an unclassified phenotype associating an abnormal pigmentation pattern (hypo- and hyperpigmented macules of the trunk and face and areas of reticular hypo- and hyperpigmentation of the extremities), alopecia, palmoplantar keratoderma, ungueal dystrophy and recurrent spinocellular carcinoma. We identified a homozygous variant in SASH1 (c.1849G>A; p.Glu617Lys) in both affected individuals. Wound-healing assay showed that the patient's fibroblasts were better able than control fibroblasts to migrate. Following the identification of SASH1 heterozygous variants in dyschromatosis, we used reverse phenotyping to show that autosomal-recessive variants of this gene could be responsible for an overlapping but more complex phenotype that affected skin appendages. SASH1 should be added to the list of genes responsible for autosomal-dominant and -recessive genodermatosis, with no phenotype in heterozygous patients in the recessive form, and to the list of genes responsible for a predisposition to skin cancer.
Published: 2014

24. Delineation of the 3p14.1p13 microdeletion associated with syndromic distal limb contractures

Author: Michel Francoise, Patrick Callier, Steven A. Vokes, Susanne Kjaergaard, Laurence Duplomb, Thomas Lee Dahm, Julien Thevenon, Nicole Monnier, Marie Hélène Aubriot-Lorton, Frédéric Huet, Tara Montgomery, Haley O. Tucker, Clémence Ragon, Nathalie Marle, Katherine Neas, Francine Mugneret, Pierre-Simon Jouk, Joël Lunardi, Klaus Dieterich, Laurence Faivre, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Anne Laure Mosca-Boidron, Joanne Dixon, Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement ( GAD ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Laboratoire de biochimie et génétique moléculaire, CHU Grenoble, Laboratoire de cytogénétique (CHU de Dijon), Centre de génétique et Centre de référence maladies rares et anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs du Centre Est, Département de Génétique et Procréation UF-Hôpital Couple Enfant de Grenoble-CHU Grenoble, Service de pédiatrie, Centre Hospitalier Wiliam Morey, Northern Genetics Service, Newcastle University [Newcastle], Department of Clinical Genetic, Rigshospitalet [Copenhagen], Central and Southern Regional Genetic Services, Wellington Hospital Private, Department of Pediatrics, Nordsjællands Hospital - Hillerød, Service de pédiatrie (CHU de Dijon), Service de Pathologie [CHU de Dijon], Section of Molecular Cell & Developmental Biology, Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology-University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Centre Hospitalier Chalon-sur-Saône William Morey, Department of Clinical Genetics [Copenhagen], Copenhagen University Hospital-Copenhagen University Hospital, University of Texas at Austin [Austin]- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology, and Roux-Buisson, Nathalie
Subjects: Male, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Contracture, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Locus (genetics), FOXP1, Biology, Mice, distal limb contractures, symbols.namesake, Exon, EIF4E3, Intellectual disability, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], 3p141p13 microdeletion, Genetics (clinical), Arthrogryposis, Chromosome Aberrations, Mice, Knockout, Sanger sequencing, Comparative Genomic Hybridization, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Extremities, Forkhead Transcription Factors, Syndrome, Microdeletion syndrome, medicine.disease, Blepharophimosis, Phenotype, Repressor Proteins, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], array-CGH, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], symbols, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3, France, Carrier Proteins, intronic regulatory sequence
Abstract: International audience; Distal limb contractures (DLC) represent a heterogeneous clinical and genetic condition. Overall, 20–25% of the DLC are caused by mutations in genes encoding the muscle contractile apparatus. Large interstitial deletions of the 3p have already been diagnosed by standard chromosomal analysis, but not associated with a specific phenotype. We report on four patients with syndromic DLC presenting with a de novo 3p14.1p13 micro-deletion. The clinical features associated multiple contractures, feeding problems, developmental delay, and intellectual disability. Facial dysmorphism was constant with low-set posteriorly rotated ears and blepharophimosis. Review of previously reported cases with a precise mapping of the deletions, documented a 250 kb smallest region of overlap (SRO) necessary for DLC. This region contained one gene, EIF4E3, the first three exons of the FOXP1 gene, and an intronic enhancer of FOXP1 named hs1149. Sanger sequencing and locus quantification of hs1149, EIF4E3, and FOXP1 in a cohort of 11 French patients affected by DLC appeared normal. In conclusion, we delineate a new microdeletion syndrome involving the 3p14.1p13 locus and associated with DLC and severe developmental delay.
Published: 2014

25. Lysosomal Signaling Licenses Embryonic Stem Cell Differentiation via Inactivation of Tfe3

Author: Paul Kuentz, Magali Avila, Jean Baptiste Rivière, Pierre Vabres, Marietta Zinner, Julien Thevenon, Judith St-Onge, David Geneviève, Eveline S. J. M. de Bont, Florian Villegas, Floor A. M. Duijkers, Mieke M. van Haelst, Laurence Duplomb-Jego, Sébastien A. Smallwood, Silvana van Koningsbruggen, Daniel Olivieri, Nada Houcinat, Yannis Duffourd, Thibaud Jouan, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Koen L.I. van Gassen, Daphné Lehalle, Melanie Rittirsch, Michael B. Stadler, Laurence Faivre, Daniel Hess, Klaske D. Lichtenbelt, Joerg Betschinger, Daniela Mayer, Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research (FMI), Novartis Research Foundation, University of Basel (Unibas), FHU TRANSLAD (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Equipe GAD (LNC - U1231), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics [Lausanne] (SIB), Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Service de Dermatologie (CHU de Dijon), Beatrix Children's Hospital, Department of Clinical Genetics (Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam), VU University Medical Center [Amsterdam], Département de génétique médicale, maladies rares et médecine personnalisée [CHRU Montpellier], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), University Medical Center [Utrecht], Research Institute of the McGill University Hospital Centre, Human genetics, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D), Human Genetics, and ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis
Subjects: Male, Transcription, Genetic, GTPase, GTP Phosphohydrolases, PATHWAY, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Neural Stem Cells, CRISPR, TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR, Cell Self Renewal, Phosphorylation, SPECIFICATION, developmental disorder, 0303 health sciences, Genome, Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors, Cell Differentiation, Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells, Flcn, differentiation, Cell biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, mTOR, Molecular Medicine, Female, Signal transduction, Protein Binding, Signal Transduction, RECRUITMENT, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Rag GTPases, Lysosome, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, Point Mutation, NAIVE PLURIPOTENCY, AMINO-ACID LEVELS, Transcription factor, Alleles, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, 030304 developmental biology, COMPLEX, FOLLICULIN, Ragulator, Cell Biology, pluripotency, embryonic stem cell, Embryonic stem cell, Tfe3, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Cytoplasm, Lysosomes, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Self-renewal and differentiation of pluripotent murine embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is regulated by extrinsic signaling pathways. It is less clear whether cellular metabolism instructs developmental progression. In an unbiased genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen, we identified components of a conserved amino-acid-sensing pathway as critical drivers of ESC differentiation. Functional analysis revealed that lysosome activity, the Ragulator protein complex, and the tumor-suppressor protein Folliculin enable the Rag GTPases C and D to bind and seclude the bHLH transcription factor Tfe3 in the cytoplasm. In contrast, ectopic nuclear Tfe3 represses specific developmental and metabolic transcriptional programs that are associated with peri-implantation development. We show differentiation-specific and non-canonical regulation of Rag GTPase in ESCs and, importantly, identify point mutations in a Tfe3 domain required for cytoplasmic inactivation as potentially causal for a human developmental disorder. Our work reveals an instructive and biomedically relevant role of metabolic signaling in licensing embryonic cell fate transitions.
Published: 2019

26. Congenital neutropenia with retinopathy, a new phenotype without intellectual deficiency or obesity secondary toVPS13Bmutations

Author: Julien Thevenon, Judith St-Onge, Bernard Aral, Patrick Callier, Salima El Chehadeh, Pierre Sarda, Christian P. Hamel, Virginie Carmignac, Frédéric Huet, Nathalie Droin, Lucie Gueneau, Laurence Duplomb, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Laurence Faivre, and Nadège Gigot
Subjects: Adult, Pathology, medicine.medical_specialty, Microcephaly, Neutropenia, DNA Mutational Analysis, Vesicular Transport Proteins, medicine.disease_cause, Retinal Diseases, Intellectual Disability, Gene Order, Genetics, medicine, Congenital Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes, Humans, Obesity, Congenital Neutropenia, Genetics (clinical), Mutation, Cohen syndrome, business.industry, Facies, Syndrome, medicine.disease, Phenotype, Pedigree, VPS13B, Female, business, Retinopathy
Abstract: Over one hundred VPS13B mutations are reported in Cohen syndrome (CS). Most cases exhibit a homogeneous phenotype that includes intellectual deficiency (ID), microcephaly, facial dysmorphism, slender extremities, truncal obesity, progressive chorioretinal dystrophy, and neutropenia. We report on a patient carrying two VPS13B splicing mutations with an atypical phenotype that included microcephaly, retinopathy, and congenital neutropenia, but neither obesity nor ID. RNA analysis of the IVS34+2T_+3AinsT mutation did not reveal any abnormal splice fragments but mRNA quantification showed a significant decrease in VPS13B expression. RNA sequencing analysis up- and downstream from the IVS57+2T>C mutation showed abnormal splice isoforms. In contrast to patients with typical CS, who express only abnormal VPS13B mRNA and truncated protein, a dose effect of residual normal VPS13B protein possibly explains the incomplete phenotype in the patient. This observation emphasizes that VPS13B analysis should be performed in cases of congenital neutropenia associated with retinopathy, even in the absence of ID, therefore extending the VPS13B phenotype spectrum. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Published: 2013

27. Changing facial phenotype in Cohen syndrome

Author: Bernard Aral, Nadège Gigot, François-Guillaume Debray, Alice Masurel-Paulet, Patrick Rump, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Frédéric Huet, Muriel Holder-Espinasse, Marlène Rio, Laurence Duplomb, Patrick Callier, Edward Blair, Anne-Marie Frances, Salima El Chehadeh-Djebbar, Anne Moncla, and Laurence Faivre
Subjects: Male, Microcephaly, Developmental Disabilities, FEATURES, facial phenotype, Vesicular Transport Proteins, Myopia, CRITERIA, HETEROGENEITY, Child, Genetics (clinical), Genetics, Cohen syndrome, Retinal Degeneration, Hypotonia, VPS13B, Phenotype, medicine.anatomical_structure, Child, Preschool, Muscle Hypotonia, Female, medicine.symptom, medicine.medical_specialty, changing phenotype, Genetic counseling, Biology, Article, Fingers, Intellectual Disability, medicine, Humans, Abnormalities, Multiple, Obesity, Short philtrum, Auricle, NATURAL-HISTORY, medicine.disease, Dermatology, MUTATIONAL SPECTRUM, GENE, DELETIONS, stomatognathic diseases, Early Diagnosis, Face, Mutation, Square face, VPS13B gene
Abstract: Cohen syndrome (CS) is a rare autosomal recessive condition caused by mutations and/or large rearrangements in the VPS13B gene. CS clinical features, including developmental delay, the typical facial gestalt, chorioretinal dystrophy (CRD) and neutropenia, are well described. CS diagnosis is generally raised after school age, when visual disturbances lead to CRD diagnosis and to VPS13B gene testing. This relatively late diagnosis precludes accurate genetic counselling. The aim of this study was to analyse the evolution of CS facial features in the early period of life, particularly before school age (6 years), to find clues for an earlier diagnosis. Photographs of 17 patients with molecularly confirmed CS were analysed, from birth to preschool age. By comparing their facial phenotype when growing, we show that there are no special facial characteristics before 1 year. However, between 2 and 6 years, CS children already share common facial features such as a short neck, a square face with micrognathia and full cheeks, a hypotonic facial appearance, epicanthic folds, long ears with an everted upper part of the auricle and/or a prominent lobe, a relatively short philtrum, a small and open mouth with downturned corners, a thick lower lip and abnormal eye shapes. These early transient facial features evolve to typical CS facial features with aging. These observations emphasize the importance of ophthalmological tests and neutrophil count in children in preschool age presenting with developmental delay, hypotonia and the facial features we described here, for an earlier CS diagnosis.
Published: 2013

28. Heterozygous deletion of the LRFN2 gene is associated with working memory deficits

Author: Julien Thevenon, Céline Souchay, Gail K Seabold, Inna Dygai-Cochet, Patrick Callier, Sébastien Gay, Lucie Corbin, Laurence Duplomb, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Alice Masurel-Paulet, Salima El Chehadeh, Magali Avila, Delphine Minot, Eric Guedj, Sophie Chancenotte, Marlène Bonnet, Daphne Lehalle, Ya-Xian Wang, Paul Kuentz, Frédéric Huet, Anne-Laure Mosca-Boidron, Nathalie Marle, Ronald S Petralia, Laurence Faivre, Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Laboratoire d'Etude de l'Apprentissage et du Développement [Dijon] (LEAD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Neurochem lab (NIDCD), Nationale Institute of Health, Service de Médecine Nucléaire, Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER-UNICANCER, Centre Hospitalier Chalon-sur-Saône William Morey, Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale (CRMBM), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Référent des Troubles du Langage et des Apprentissages [CHU Dijon] (CRTLA ), Laboratoire de cytogénétique (CHU de Dijon), Regional council of Burgundy NIDCD/NIH, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement ( GAD ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Laboratoire d'Etude de l'Apprentissage et du Développement [Dijon] ( LEAD ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Neurochem lab ( NIDCD ), Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc ( CRLCC - CGFL ), Centre de résonance magnétique biologique et médicale ( CRMBM ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre Reference Troubles Langages & Apprentissages, IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Male, Candidate gene, family, speech, Hippocampal formation, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, 0302 clinical medicine, Borderline intellectual functioning, Neuropsychological assessment, Child, disorders, Genetics (clinical), Cells, Cultured, adhesion-like molecules, Membrane Glycoproteins, medicine.diagnostic_test, Learning Disabilities, Brain, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 3. Good health, Pedigree, Memory, Short-Term, Brain size, Female, Adult, Heterozygote, nmda receptor, autism, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Biology, Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, Fluorodeoxyglucose F18, [ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, expression, Genetics, medicine, Animals, Humans, Memory Disorders, language, Genetic heterogeneity, Working memory, Membrane Proteins, down-syndrome, Rats, 030104 developmental biology, Endophenotype, Positron-Emission Tomography, Synapses, short-term, Radiopharmaceuticals, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Gene Deletion, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: International audience; Learning disabilities (LDs) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of diseases. Array-CGH and high-throughput sequencing have dramatically expanded the number of genes implicated in isolated intellectual disabilities and LDs, highlighting the implication of neuron-specific post-mitotic transcription factors and synaptic proteins as candidate genes. We report a unique family diagnosed with autosomal dominant learning disability and a 6p21 microdeletion segregating in three patients. The 870 kb microdeletion encompassed the brain-expressed gene LRFN2, which encodes for a synaptic cell adhesion molecule. Neuropsychological assessment identified selective working memory deficits, with borderline intellectual functioning. Further investigations identified a defect in executive function, and auditory-verbal processes. These data were consistent with brain MRI and FDG-PET functional brain imaging, which, when compared with controls, revealed abnormal brain volume and hypometabolism of gray matter structures implicated in working memory. We performed electron microscopy immunogold labeling demonstrating the localization of LRFN2 at synapses of cerebellar and hippocampal rat neurons, often associated with the NR1 subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs). Altogether, the combined approaches imply a role for LRFN2 in LD, specifically for working memory processes and executive function. In conclusion, the identification of familial cases of clinically homogeneous endophenotypes of LD might help in both the management of patients and genetic counseling for families.
Published: 2016

29. Extracellular HSP110 skews macrophage polarization in colorectal cancer

Author: Gaëtan Jego, Carmen Garrido, Sebastien Causse, Nadhir Yousfi, Magali Svrcek, Alex Duval, Christophe Boudesco, Kevin Berthenet, Arlette Hammann, Laurence Duplomb, Kristell Wanherdrick, Sarah Richaud, Ada Collura, Laboratoire d'Excellence : Lipoprotéines et Santé : prévention et Traitement des maladies Inflammatoires et du Cancer ( LabEx LipSTIC ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques ( UM2 ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy ( CHRU Nancy ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ) -Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc ( CRLCC - CGFL ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Fédération Francophone de la Cancérologie Digestive, FFCD-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-France-Comté] ( EFS [Bourgogne-France-Comté] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine ( CR Saint-Antoine ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunothérapie des Cancers ( LIIC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ), Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement ( GAD ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc ( CRLCC - CGFL ), Laboratoire d'Excellence : Lipoprotéines et Santé : prévention et Traitement des maladies Inflammatoires et du Cancer (LabEx LipSTIC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER-UNICANCER-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Fédération Francophone de la Cancérologie Digestive, FFCD-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (UMRS893), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire d'Immunologie et Immunothérapie des Cancers (LIIC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER-UNICANCER-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Fédération Francophone de la Cancérologie Digestive, FFCD-Université de Montpellier (UM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS BFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, UNICANCER-UNICANCER-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Fédération Francophone de la Cancérologie Digestive, FFCD-Université de Montpellier (UM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc (CRLCC - CGFL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Fédération Francophone de la Cancérologie Digestive, FFCD-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-France-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-France-Comté])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CR Saint-Antoine), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), and Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc (CRLCC - CGFL)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Macrophage, Immunology, Macrophage polarization, Activation, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Expression, Biology, Colon-Cancer, [ SDV.CAN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, In vivo, Polarization, Extracellular, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Cytotoxic T cell, Kappa-B, Colorectal, Heat-Shock Proteins, Original Research, Cancer, Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, Heat-Shock Protein, Dendritic Cells, medicine.disease, Ikk-Beta, Molecular biology, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, TLR4, Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes, Microsatellite Instability, Chaperone Machines
Abstract: IF 7.644; International audience; HSP110 is induced by different stresses and, through its anti-apoptotic and chaperoning properties, helps the cells to survive these adverse situations. In colon cancers, HSP110 is abnormally abundant. We have recently showed that colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with microsatellite instability (MSI) had an improved response to chemotherapy because they harbor an HSP110 inactivating mutation (HSP110DE9). In this work, we have used patients' biopsies and human CRC cells grown in vitro and in vivo (xenografts) to demonstrate that (1) HSP110 is secreted by CRC cells and that the amount of this extracellular HSP110 is strongly decreased by the expression of the mutant HSP110DE9, (2) Supernatants from CRC cells overexpressing HSP110 or purified recombinant human HSP110 (LPS-free) affect macrophage differentiation/polarization by favoring a pro-tumor, anti-inflammatory profile, (3) Conversely, inhibition of HSP110 (expression of siRNA, HSP110DE9 or immunodepletion) induced the formation of macrophages with a cytotoxic, pro-inflammatory profile. (4) Finally, this effect of extracellular HSP110 on macrophages seems to implicate TLR4. These results together with the fact that colorectal tumor biopsies with HSP110 high were infiltrated with macrophages with a pro-tumoral profile while those with HSP110 low were infiltrated with macrophages with a cytotoxic profile, suggest that the effect of extracellular HSP110 function on macrophages may also contribute to the poor outcomes associated with HSP110 expression.
Published: 2016

30. A de novo microdeletion of SEMA5A in a boy with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability

Author: Emilie Pallesi-Pocachard, Judith St-Onge, Hany Goubran Botros, Carlos Cardoso, C. Henry, Nadège Gigot, Julien Thevenon, Patrick Callier, Anne-Laure Mosca-Boidron, Alice Masurel-Paulet, Richard Delorme, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Clémence Ragon, Guillaume Dumas, Jean-Baptiste Rivière, Pascal Chambon, Alice Goldenberg, Muriel Payet, Jean-Michel Pinoit, Dominique Campion, Sophie Calderari, Thomas Bourgeron, Yannis Duffourd, Francine Mugneret, Pascale Saugier-Veber, Lucie Gueneau, Laurence Duplomb, Nathalie Lagarde, Laurence Faivre, Guillaume Huguet, Nathalie Marle, Antonio Falace, Antoine Rosier, Julien Buratti, Dumas, Guillaume, Maladies Neurologiques et Psychiatriques - Genes synaptiques de l'autisme et du retard mental - - SynGen-ASD-LD2008 - ANR-08-MNPS-0037 - MNP - VALID, Laboratoire de cytogénétique (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Génétique humaine et fonctions cognitives - Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions (GHFC (UMR_3571 / U-Pasteur_1)), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gènes, Synapses et Cognition (CNRS - UMR3571 ), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de génétique [Rouen], CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Centre Ressources Autisme de Bourgogne (CHU de Dijon) (CRAB), Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille (IBDM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Bourgogne (UB), CHU Dijon, Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Service psychiatrique de l'enfant et de l'adolescent [CHU Hôpital Robert Debré], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré, Centre de Ressources Autisme de Haute Normandie (CRAHN), Centre de Ressources Autisme de Haute Normandie, Institut de Neurobiologie de la Méditerranée [Aix-Marseille Université] (INMED - INSERM U901), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Génétique du cancer et des maladies neuropsychiatriques (GMFC), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Institut Pasteur, Bettencourt-Schueller foundation, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, University Paris Diderot, Conny-Maeva Charitable Foundation, Cognacq Jay Foundation, Orange Foundation, GenMed, BioPsy, Fundamental Foundation, University Hospital of Dijon, Conseil Régional de Bourgogne, ANR-08-MNPS-0037,SynGen-ASD-LD,Genes synaptiques de l'autisme et du retard mental(2008), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Resource Autisme Bourgogne, Mosca-Boidron, Anne-Laure, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement ( GAD ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Génétique humaine et Fonctions cognitives - Human Genetics and Cognitive Functions, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Gènes, Synapses et Cognition, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), CHU Rouen-Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ), Institut de Biologie du Développement de Marseille ( IBDM ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Robert Debré, Centre de Ressources Autisme de Haute Normandie ( CRAHN ), Institut de neurobiologie de la Méditerranée ( INMED ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Génétique du cancer et des maladies neuropsychiatriques ( GMFC ), Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Fondation FondaMental, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Henri Mondor-Hôpital Albert Chenevier, and ANR-08-MNPS-0037,SynGen-ASD-LD,Genes synaptiques de l'autisme et du retard mental ( 2008 )
Subjects: Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22, Translocation Breakpoint, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Semaphorins, Biology, [SDV.GEN.GH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Bioinformatics, Article, Translocation, Genetic, autisme, Chromosome Breakpoints, 03 medical and health sciences, Semaphorin, [ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Intellectual Disability, mental disorders, Intellectual disability, Genetics, medicine, Humans, [ SDV.GEN.GH ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Child, Genetics (clinical), [SDV.MHEP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Neurosciences, Membrane Proteins, medicine.disease, 030104 developmental biology, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Autism spectrum disorder, Neurons and Cognition, Paternal Inheritance, cerveau, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5, Autism, Medical genetics, Chromosome Deletion, microdélétion, humain, Chromosome 22, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Genetic screen
Abstract: Semaphorins are a large family of secreted and membrane-associated proteins necessary for wiring of the brain. Semaphorin 5A (SEMA5A) acts as a bifunctional guidance cue, exerting both attractive and inhibitory effects on developing axons. Previous studies have suggested that SEMA5A could be a susceptibility gene for autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). We first identified a de novo translocation t(5;22)(p15.3;q11.21) in a patient with ASD and intellectual disability (ID). At the translocation breakpoint on chromosome 5, we observed a 861-kb deletion encompassing the end of the SEMA5A gene. We delineated the breakpoint by NGS and observed that no gene was disrupted on chromosome 22. We then used Sanger sequencing to search for deleterious variants affecting SEMA5A in 142 patients with ASD. We also identified two independent heterozygous variants located in a conserved functional domain of the protein. Both variants were maternally inherited and predicted as deleterious. Our genetic screens identified the first case of a de novo SEMA5A microdeletion in a patient with ASD and ID. Although our study alone cannot formally associate SEMA5A with susceptibility to ASD, it provides additional evidence that Semaphorin dysfunction could lead to ASD and ID. Further studies on Semaphorins are warranted to better understand the role of this family of genes in susceptibility to neurodevelopmental disorders.
Published: 2016

31. IL-33 is expressed in human osteoblasts, but has no direct effect on bone remodeling

Author: Séverine Delplace, F. Bouri, P. Lencel, Damien Leterme, Pierre Hardouin, David Magne, Marc Baud'huin, Dominique Heymann, Laurence Duplomb, Flore Miellot, Gaby Palmer, and S. Saidi
Subjects: Stromal cell, Interleukin-1beta, Osteocalcin, Immunology, Gene Expression, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Receptors, Cell Surface, Biochemistry, Bone remodeling, Mice, Adipocytes, medicine, Animals, Humans, Immunology and Allergy, Anilides, Receptor, Molecular Biology, Cells, Cultured, ddc:616, Messenger RNA, Osteoblasts, biology, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Interleukins, Receptors, Interleukin-1, Biological activity, 3T3 Cells, Hematology, Interleukin-33, Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein, Cell biology, Interleukin 33, medicine.anatomical_structure, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, biology.protein, Bone Remodeling, Bone marrow, Stromal Cells
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential role of the recently discovered IL-1 family member IL-33 in bone remodeling. Our results indicate that IL-33 mRNA is expressed in osteocytes in non-inflammatory human bone. Moreover, IL-33 levels are increased by TNF-α and IL-1β in human bone marrow stromal cells, osteoblasts and adipocytes obtained from three healthy donors. Experiments with the inhibitor GW-9662 suggested that expression of IL-33, in contrast to that of IL-1β, is not repressed by PPARγ likely explaining why IL-33, but not IL-1β, is expressed in adipocytes. The IL-33 receptor ST2L is not constitutively expressed in human bone marrow stromal cells, osteoblasts or CD14-positive monocytes, and IL-33 has no effect on these cells. In addition, although ST2L mRNA is induced by TNF-α and IL-1β in bone marrow stromal cells, IL-33 has the same effects as TNF-α and IL-1β, and, therefore, the biological activity of IL-33 may be redundant in this system. In agreement with this hypothesis, MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells constitutively express ST2L mRNA, and IL-33 and TNF-α/IL-1β similarly decrease osteocalcin RNA levels in these cells. In conclusion, our results suggest that IL-33 has no direct effects on normal bone remodeling.
Published: 2011

32. Glycosaminoglycans inhibit the adherence and the spreading of osteoclasts and their precursors: Role in osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption

Author: Gaëtan Jego, Carmen Ruiz-Velasco, Laurence Duplomb, Françoise Rédini, Nijole Gasiunas, Annamaria Naggi, Dominique Heymann, Marc Baud'huin, Céline Charrier, John T. Gallagher, Mike Maillasson, and Marc Padrines
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, medicine.medical_specialty, Histology, Blotting, Western, Lipopolysaccharide Receptors, Gene Expression, Osteoclasts, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Bone resorption, Cell Line, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Bone remodeling, Glycosaminoglycan, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Sulfation, Osteoclast, Internal medicine, Cell Adhesion, medicine, Animals, Humans, RNA, Messenger, Bone Resorption, Glycosaminoglycans, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, CD11 Antigens, Heparin, Chemistry, Macrophages, RANK Ligand, Cell Differentiation, Cell Biology, General Medicine, In vitro, Cell biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, RANKL, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, biology.protein, Bone Remodeling, medicine.drug
Abstract: The bone microenvironment (e.g. glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), growth factors) plays a major role in bone resorption, especially in the formation of osteoclasts which differentiate from the hematopoietic lineage in the presence of RANKL. Previous studies revealed that GAGs may influence osteoclastogenesis, but data are very controversial, some studies showing an inhibitory effect of GAGs on osteoclastic differentiation whereas others demonstrated a stimulatory effect. To clarify their activities, we investigated the effect of 5 families of GAGs in three different models of human/mouse osteoclastogenesis. The present data revealed that heparin inhibited osteoclastogenesis in these three models, which was confirmed by a decrease in mRNA expression of osteoclastic markers and by an inhibition of the bone resorption capacity. We also demonstrated in RAW 264.7 cells that other families of GAGs different from heparin inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis, and that this inhibition was dependent on the length and the level of sulfation of GAGs. In the present work, heparin did not bind to RANKL and did not modulate RANKL signaling. Heparin acted at 2 distinct steps of osteoclastogenesis from human CD14(+) cells: first, heparin strongly decreased the adherence of osteoclast precursors, and secondly inhibited osteoclasts to spread and to be active. Furthermore, the second action of heparin was reversible as the removal of heparin at the end of the culture time allowed the condensed cells to spread out and showed the formation of morphological active osteoclasts. The present work clearly evidences that GAGs inhibit osteoclastogenesis in vitro and strengthens the therapeutic interest of defined GAGs in osteolytic diseases.
Published: 2011

33. Gallium modulates osteoclastic bone resorption in vitro without affecting osteoblasts

Author: Laurence Duplomb, Elise Verron, Yohann Wittrant, Solmaz Khoshniat, Jérôme Guicheux, Jean-Michel Bouler, Zahi Badran, Martial Masson, Bruno Bujoli, Jean-Claude Scimeca, Pascal Janvier, and Marc Baud'huin
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, Pharmacology, 0303 health sciences, medicine.medical_specialty, Chemistry, Cellular differentiation, Osteoblast, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Bone resorption, 3. Good health, Cell biology, Resorption, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine.anatomical_structure, Multinucleate, Endocrinology, Osteoclast, Internal medicine, Bone cell, medicine, 0210 nano-technology, 030304 developmental biology, Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase
Abstract: Background and purpose: Gallium (Ga) has been shown to be effective in the treatment of disorders associated with accelerated bone loss, including cancer-related hypercalcemia and Paget's disease. These clinical applications suggest that Ga could reduce bone resorption. However, few studies have studied the effects of Ga on osteoclastic resorption. Here, we have explored the effects of Ga on bone cells in vitro. Experimental approach: In different osteoclastic models [osteoclasts isolated from long bones of neonatal rabbits (RBC), murine RAW 264.7 cells and human CD14-positive cells], we have performed resorption activity tests, staining for tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, viability and apoptotic assays. We also evaluated the effect of Ga on osteoblasts in terms of proliferation, viability and activity by using an osteoblastic cell line (MC3T3-E1) and primary mouse osteoblasts. Key results: Gallium dose-dependently (0–100 µM) inhibited the in vitro resorption activity of RBC and induced a significant decrease in the expression level of transcripts coding for osteoclastic markers in RAW 264.7 cells. Ga also dramatically reduced the formation of TRAP-positive multinucleated cells. Ga down-regulated in a dose-dependant manner the expression of the transcription factor NFATc1. However, Ga did not affect the viability or activity of primary and MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts. Conclusions and implications: Gallium exhibits a dose-dependent anti-osteoclastic effect by reducing in vitro osteoclastic resorption, differentiation and formation without negatively affecting osteoblasts. We provide evidence that this inhibitory mechanism involves down-regulation of NFATc1 expression, a master regulator of RANK-induced osteoclastic differentiation.
Published: 2010

34. Interleukin-34 is expressed by giant cell tumours of bone and plays a key role in RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis

Author: Régis Brion, Laurence Duplomb, Romain Renault, François Gouin, Anne Moreau, Dominique Heymann, Anne Riet, Céline Charrier, and Marc Baud'huin
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, Macrophage colony-stimulating factor, medicine.medical_specialty, Stromal cell, biology, medicine.medical_treatment, Bone resorption, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, Cytokine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, RANKL, Osteoclast, Internal medicine, biology.protein, medicine, Interleukin 34, Cancer research, Protein kinase B
Abstract: Interleukin-34 (IL-34) is a newly discovered regulator of myeloid lineage differentiation, proliferation, and survival, acting via the macrophage-colony stimulating factor receptor (M-CSF receptor, c-fms). M-CSF, the main ligand for c-fms, is required for osteoclastogenesis and has been already identified as a critical contributor of the pathogenesis of giant cell tumours of bone (GCTs), tumours rich in osteoclasts. According to the key role of M-CSF in osteoclastogenesis and GCTs, the expression of IL-34 in human GCTs was first assessed. Quantitative analysis of IL-34 mRNA expression in 14 human GCTs revealed expression of this cytokine in GCTs as well as M-CSF and c-fms. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that osteoclast-like cells exhibited a huge immunostaining for IL-34 and that mononuclear stromal cells were slightly positive for this protein. In contrast to osteoblasts, bone-resorbing osteoclasts showed very strong staining for IL-34, suggesting its potential role in the pathogenesis of GCTs by facilitating osteoclast formation. The role of IL-34 in osteoclastogenesis was then studied in murine and human models. IL-34 was able to support RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis in the absence of M-CSF in all models. Multinucleated cells generated in the presence of IL-34 and RANKL expressed specific osteoclastic markers and resorbed dentine. IL-34 induced phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 and Akt through the activation of c-fms, as revealed by the inhibition of signalling by a specific c-fms tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Furthermore, IL-34 stimulated RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by promoting the adhesion and proliferation of osteoclast progenitors, and had no effect on osteoclast survival. Overall, these data reveal that IL-34 can be entirely substituted for M-CSF in RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis, thus identifying a new biological activity for this cytokine and a contribution to the pathogenesis of GCTs.
Published: 2010

35. Long term oncostatin M treatment induces an osteocyte-like differentiation on osteosarcoma and calvaria cells

Author: Emmanuelle David, Françoise Rédini, Céline Chipoy, Virginie Ferré, Dominique Heymann, Valérie Trichet, Frédéric Blanchard, Bénédicte Brounais, Martine Berreur, Céline Charrier, and Laurence Duplomb
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, medicine.medical_specialty, Cell type, Histology, Cell Survival, Physiology, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, medicine.medical_treatment, Blotting, Western, Apoptosis, Oncostatin M, Biology, Osteocytes, Polymerase Chain Reaction, chemistry.chemical_compound, Transduction, Genetic, Cell Line, Tumor, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, bcl-2-Associated X Protein, Osteosarcoma, Caspase 3, Lentivirus, Skull, fungi, Cell Differentiation, Osteoblast, Flow Cytometry, Staurosporine, medicine.disease, Rats, Cell biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cytokine, Endocrinology, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2, chemistry, Cell culture, Osteocyte, biology.protein, Sclerostin, Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
Abstract: Previous in vitro studies on primary osteoblastic and osteosarcoma cells (normal and transformed osteoblasts) have shown that oncostatin M (OSM), a member of the interleukin-6 family, possesses cytostatic and pro-apoptotic effects in association with complex and poorly understood activities on osteoblast differentiation. In this study, we use rat osteosarcoma cells transduced with lentiviral particles encoding OSM (lvOSM) to stably produce this cytokine. We show that after several weeks of culture, transduced OSRGA and ROS 17/2.8 cells are growth inhibited and sensitized to apoptosis induced by the kinase inhibitor Staurosporine (Sts). Moreover, this long term OSM treatment induces (i) a decrease in osteoblastic markers, (ii) morphological changes leading to an elongated and/or stellate shape and (iii) an increase in osteocytic markers (sclerostin and/or E11), suggesting an osteocyte-like differentiation. We also show that non transformed rat calvaria cells transduced with lvOSM differentiate into stellate shaped cells expressing sclerostin, E11, Phex and functional hemichannels. Together, these results indicate that osteosarcoma cells stably producing OSM do not develop resistance to this cytokine and thus could be a valuable new tool to study the anti-cancer effect of OSM in vivo. Moreover, OSM-over-expressing osteoblastic cells differentiate into osteocyte-like cells, the major cellular contingent in bone, providing new culture conditions for this cell type which is difficult to obtain in vitro.
Published: 2009

36. RANKL, RANK, osteoprotegerin: key partners of osteoimmunology and vascular diseases

Author: Marc Baud'huin, Francois Lamoureux, Dominique Heymann, Laurence Duplomb, and Françoise Rédini
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, Osteoimmunology, Bone and Bones, Bone remodeling, Mice, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, Immune system, Osteoprotegerin, Osteoclast, medicine, Animals, Humans, Vascular Diseases, Receptor, Molecular Biology, Pharmacology, Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B, biology, business.industry, RANK Ligand, Cell Biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, RANKL, Immunology, biology.protein, Molecular Medicine, business
Abstract: 1997 saw the identification of a novel set of proteins within the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)/TNF receptor families that are required for the control of bone remodeling. Therefore, these receptors, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and their ligand RANK ligand (RANKL) became the critical molecular triad controlling osteoclastogenesis and pathophysiologic bone remodeling. However, the establishment of the corresponding knock-out and transgenic mice revealed unexpected results, most particularly, the involvement of these factors in the vascular system and immunity. Thus, the OPG/RANK/RANKL molecular triad appears to be associated with vascular calcifications and plays a pivotal function in the development of the immune system through dendritic cells. OPG/RANK/RANKL thus constitute a molecular bridge spanning bone metabolism, vascular biology and immunity. This review summarizes recent knowledge of OPG/RANK/RANKL interactions and activities as well as the current evidence for their participation in osteoimmunology and vascular diseases. In fine, the targeting of the OPG/RANK/RANKL axis as novel therapeutic approaches will be discussed.
Published: 2007

37. Key roles of the OPG–RANK–RANKL system in bone oncology

Author: Dominique Heymann, Laurence Duplomb, Marc Baud'huin, Marc Padrines, C. Ruiz Velasco, and Yannick Fortun
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, Oncology, medicine.medical_specialty, Osteolysis, Bone Neoplasms, Bone resorption, Osteoprotegerin, Osteoclast, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Bone Resorption, Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B, biology, business.industry, RANK Ligand, Osteoblast, medicine.disease, medicine.anatomical_structure, RANKL, biology.protein, Bone Remodeling, Decoy, business
Abstract: Osteoprotegerin (OPG)-receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB (RANK) and RANK ligand (RANKL) have been identified as members of a ligand-receptor system that directly regulates osteoclast differentiation and osteolysis. RANKL may be a powerful inducer of bone resorption through its interaction with RANK, and OPG is a soluble decoy receptor that acts as a strong inhibitor of osteoclastic differentiation. Any dysregulation of their respective expression leads to pathological conditions. Furthermore, recent data demonstrate that the OPG-RANK-RANKL system modulates cancer cell migration, thus controlling the development of bone metastases. This review describes the most recent knowledge on the OPG-RANK-RANKL system, its involvement in bone oncology and the new therapeutic approaches based on this molecular triad.
Published: 2007

38. Insulin response dysregulation explains abnormal fat storage and increased risk of diabetes mellitus type 2 in Cohen Syndrome

Author: David Masson, Jamal Ghoumid, Elodie Gautier, Valérie Deckert, Laurent Lagrost, Virginie Carmignac, Nathalie Marle, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Edward Blair, Laurence Faivre, Thomas Gautier, Gaëtan Jego, Jean-Michel Petit, Patrick Edery, Laurence Duplomb, Marie-Claude Brindisi, Floriane Limoge, Salima El Chehadeh-Djebbar, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement ( GAD ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), FHU TRANSLAD, Département de Génétique, Service de Génétique Clinique, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lyon, Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs Nord, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille ( CHU de Lille ), Department of Clinical Genetics, Oxford Regional Genetics Service, The Churchill hospital, and the French Ministry of Health (PHRC 2012, A00103-42) and the Regional Council of Burgundy (STIC11).
Subjects: Male, obesity, medicine.medical_treatment, Developmental Disabilities, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Vesicular Transport Proteins, Adipose tissue, Myopia, Body Fat Distribution, Insulin, Child, ppar-gamma, Genetics (clinical), Retinal Degeneration, General Medicine, differentiation, Middle Aged, VPS13B, Child, Preschool, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Microcephaly, Muscle Hypotonia, Female, Signal Transduction, Adult, Risk, medicine.medical_specialty, alpha, Adolescent, Biology, Models, Biological, adipogenesis, Fingers, resistance, Young Adult, Insulin resistance, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Intellectual Disability, Genetics, medicine, Humans, definition, [ SDV.OT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], gene, Molecular Biology, Cohen syndrome, medicine.disease, Obesity, Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Mutation, transport, Metabolic syndrome, protein
Abstract: Cohen Syndrome (CS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder, with defective glycosylation secondary to mutations in the VPS13B gene, which encodes a protein of the Golgi apparatus. Besides congenital neutropenia, retinopathy and intellectual deficiency, CS patients are faced with truncal obesity. Metabolism investigations showed abnormal glucose tolerance tests and low HDL values in some patients, and these could be risk factors for the development of diabetes mellitus and/or cardiovascular complications. To understand the mechanisms involved in CS fat storage, we used two models of adipogenesis differentiation: (i) SGBS pre-adipocytes with VPS13B invalidation thanks to siRNA delivery and (ii) CS primary fibroblasts. In both models, VPS13B invalidation led to accelerated differentiation into fat cells, which was confirmed by the earlier and increased expression of specific adipogenic genes, consequent to the increased response of cells to insulin stimulation. At the end of the differentiation protocol, these fat cells exhibited decreased AKT2 phosphorylation after insulin stimulation, which suggests insulin resistance. This study, in association with the in-depth analysis of the metabolic status of the patients, thus allowed us to recommend appropriate nutritional education to prevent the occurrence of diabetes mellitus and to put forward recommendations for the follow-up of CS patients, in particular with regard to the development of metabolic syndrome. We also suggest replacing the term obesity by abnormal fat distribution in CS, which should reduce the number of inappropriate diagnoses in patients who are referred only on the basis of intellectual deficiency associated with obesity.
Published: 2015

39. Demonstration of reverse fatty acid transport from rat cardiomyocytes

Author: Young H Lee, Marlei Walton, Laurence Duplomb, Byung Hyun Park, and Roger H Unger
Subjects: insulin, medicine.medical_specialty, Time Factors, Phloretin, medicine.medical_treatment, Palmitic Acid, QD415-436, 4,4'-Diisothiocyanostilbene-2,2'-Disulfonic Acid, Biochemistry, liporegulation, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, chemistry.chemical_compound, Endocrinology, Internal medicine, Adipocytes, medicine, Animals, Myocyte, Myocytes, Cardiac, Cells, Cultured, Triglycerides, chemistry.chemical_classification, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Myocardium, Insulin, Fatty Acids, Homozygote, Fatty acid, Biological Transport, Heart, Cell Biology, Rats, Perfusion, chemistry, DIDS, Chromatography, Thin Layer, triacylglycerol, Etomoxir, Ex vivo, free fatty acid
Abstract: Fatty acids flow from adipocytes to nonadipose tissues during fasting and exercise and normally are fully ox- idized. To determine if nonadipose tissues can export unox- idized FA when FA influx exceeds oxidation, neonatal cardio- myocytes were cultured in 1 � Ci 14 C-palmitate in the presence of etomoxir to block oxidation. The cells took up and stored 25% of the radioactivity as 14 C-triacylglycerol in 12 h, but 4.5% of the label was released in 3 h and comigrated with 14 C-palmitate. Both uptake and release of radioactivity were increased by insulin and reduced by the nonspecific inhibi- tors of FA transporters phloretin and 4,4 � -diisothiocyanatos- tilbene-2,2 � -disulfonic acid (DIDS). Perfused hearts from etomoxir-treated lean rats released 221 � 59 nmol/10 min of FA. Hearts from high-fat-fed lean rats released 366 � 172 nmol/10 min ( P � 0.05). Hearts from obese rats re- leased 744 � 260 and 1,578 � 630 nmol/10 min at 8 and 12 weeks of age, respectively. Perfusion with insulin increased FA release by 32%. In vitro and ex vivo findings suggest that nonadipose tissues such as myocardium can export FA when the unoxidized lipid content is excessive. —Park, B-H., Y. Lee, M. Walton, L. Duplomb, and R. H. Unger. Demon- stration of reverse fatty acid transport from rat cardiomyo- cytes. J. Lipid Res. 2004. 45: 1992-1999.
Published: 2004

40. Hyperleptinemia prevents lipotoxic cardiomyopathy in acyl CoA synthase transgenic mice

Author: James A. Richardson, R. Haris Naseem, Roger H Unger, Daniel J. Garry, Laurence Duplomb, Jean E. Schaffer, Young H Lee, and Byung-Hyun Park
Subjects: Leptin, medicine.medical_specialty, Cardiomyopathy, Mice, Transgenic, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, Acyl-CoA, AMP-activated protein kinase, Internal medicine, Coenzyme A Ligases, medicine, Animals, RNA, Messenger, Beta oxidation, Triglycerides, Caloric Restriction, Multidisciplinary, biology, Triglyceride, Myocardium, Dilated cardiomyopathy, Biological Sciences, medicine.disease, Lipids, Phenotype, Endocrinology, chemistry, Lipotoxicity, biology.protein, Cardiomyopathies
Abstract: The physiologic function of the progressive hyperleptinemia of diet-induced obesity is unknown. However, that lipotoxicity in nonadipose tissues of congenitally unleptinized obese rodents is far greater than in hyperleptinemic diet-induced obesity rodents has suggested an antilipotoxic role. To test this hypothesis, mice with severe lipotoxic cardiomyopathy, induced transgenically by cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of the acyl CoA synthase (ACS) gene, were made hyperleptinemic by treatment with recombinant adenovirus containing the leptin cDNA. Normoleptinemic control ACS-transgenic mice developed severe dilated cardiomyopathy with thickened left ventricular walls and profound impairment of systolic function on echocardiogram; histologically, there was severe myofiber disorganization and interstitial fibrosis, with intracytoplasmic lipid vacuoles identifiable by electron microscope. By contrast, the hearts of hyperleptinemic ACS-transgenic mice appeared normal, with normal echocardiograms and cardiac triglyceride (TG) contents. Their lower myocardial TG content was ascribed primarily to profound lowering of plasma TG and free fatty acids; free fatty acids were 17% of normal at 8 weeks. Additionally, enhanced myocardial AMP-activated protein kinase phosphorylation may have increased fatty acid oxidation, thereby contributing to the lowering of lipid stores. We conclude that obesity-level hyperleptinemia protects the heart from lipotoxicity.
Published: 2004

41. Mutations in the Immunoglobulin-like Domain of gp190, the Leukemia Inhibitory Factor (LIF) Receptor, Increase or Decrease Its Affinity for LIF

Author: Sophie Daburon, Jean-François Moreau, Juliette Bitard, Laurence Duplomb, Frédéric Blanchard, Patricia Vuisio, Yannick Jacques, Anne Godard, Jean-Luc Taupin, and John K. Heath
Subjects: Models, Molecular, STAT3 Transcription Factor, Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Receptor alpha Subunit, Receptors, OSM-LIF, Molecular Sequence Data, Immunoglobulins, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Leukemia inhibitory factor receptor, CHO Cells, Oncostatin M, Biology, Leukemia Inhibitory Factor, Biochemistry, Structure-Activity Relationship, Cricetinae, Animals, Humans, Point Mutation, Amino Acid Sequence, Phosphorylation, Receptors, Cytokine, Binding site, Receptor, Molecular Biology, chemistry.chemical_classification, Lymphokines, Binding Sites, Interleukin-6, Cell Biology, Surface Plasmon Resonance, Glycoprotein 130, Molecular biology, Growth Inhibitors, Amino acid, DNA-Binding Proteins, Ectodomain, chemistry, COS Cells, Trans-Activators, Peptides, Cytokine receptor, Leukemia inhibitory factor, Cell Division
Abstract: The leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) receptor comprises the low affinity binding chain gp190 and the high affinity converter gp130. The ectodomain of gp190 is among the most complex in the hematopoietin receptor family, because it contains two typical cytokine receptor homology domains separated by an immunoglobulin-like (Ig-like) domain. Human and murine gp190 proteins share 76% homology, but murine gp190 binds human LIF with a much higher affinity, a property attributed to the Ig-like domain. Using alanine-scanning mutagenesis of the Ig-like domain, we mapped a LIF binding site at its carboxyl terminus, mainly involving residue Phe-328. Mutation of selected residues into their orthologs in the murine receptor (Q251E and N321D) significantly increased the affinity for human LIF. Interestingly, these residues, although localized at both the amino and carboxyl terminus, make a spatially unique LIF binding site in a structural model of the Ig-like module. These results demonstrate definitively the role of the Ig-like domain in LIF binding and the potential to modulate receptor affinity in this family with very limited amino acid changes.
Published: 2003

42. Dual regulation of SPI1/PU.1 transcription factor by heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) during macrophage differentiation of monocytes

Author: Costis Papanayotou, Eric Solary, V Lallemand-Mezger, G. Wettstein, Laurence Duplomb, David Lanneau, A Le Mouël, Nathalie Droin, K Berthenet, Carmen Garrido, Philippe Bonniaud, Gaëtan Jego, P-S Bellaye, Arnaud Jacquel, François Girodon, Arlette Hamman, E Christians, A de Thonel, Adonis Hazoumé, Centre épigénétique et destin cellulaire (EDC (UMR_7216)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), Hématopoïèse normale et pathologique, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris XI, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Physiopathologie de la survie et de la mort cellulaire et infection virale, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-IFR50-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, CHU Dijon, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Centre de biologie du développement (CBD), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER, This'Investissements d'Avenir' (ANR 11 LABX -0021), Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer , Institut National du Cancer (CG), FEDER., Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -IFR50-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis ( UNS ), Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ) -Université Côte d'Azur ( UCA ), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement ( GAD ), IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC-Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Centre épigénétique et destin cellulaire ( EDC ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut Jacques Monod ( IJM ), Centre de biologie du développement ( CBD ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc ( CRLCC - CGFL ), Université de Bourgogne (UB), Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France, and Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)
Subjects: Cancer Research, Cellular differentiation, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.BC.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Subcellular Processes [q-bio.SC], Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Heat Shock Transcription Factors, HSF1, [SDV.BDD]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, Cells, Cultured, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Regulation of gene expression, 0303 health sciences, Mice, Inbred BALB C, [SDV.MHEP.HEM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hematology, Hematology, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biomolecules [q-bio.BM], 3. Good health, DNA-Binding Proteins, Oncology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, monocytes, Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex, Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic, Receptors, Cell Surface, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Antigens, CD, Heat shock protein, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, transcription factors, Animals, Humans, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, [ SDV.BDD ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology, Transcription factor, 030304 developmental biology, SPI1, Macrophages, heat-shock proteins, fungi, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Molecular biology, Hsp70, Heat shock factor, Mice, Inbred C57BL, cell differentiation, Gene Expression Regulation, Trans-Activators, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: International audience; : In addition to their cytoprotective role in stressful conditions, heat shock proteins (HSPs) are involved in specific differentiation pathways, e.g. we have identified a role for HSP90 in macrophage differentiation of human peripheral blood monocytes exposed to Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor (M-CSF). Here, we show that deletion of the main transcription factor involved in heat shock gene regulation, heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), affects M-CSF-driven differentiation of mouse bone marrow cells. HSF1 transiently accumulates in the nucleus of human monocytes undergoing macrophage differentiation, including M-CSF-treated peripheral blood monocytes and phorbol ester-treated THP1 cells. We demonstrate that HSF1 has a dual effect on SPI1/PU.1, a transcription factor essential for macrophages differentiation and whose deregulation can lead to the development of leukemias and lymphomas. First, HSF1 regulates SPI1/PU.1 gene expression through its binding to a Heat Shock Element (HSE) within the intron 2 of this gene. Furthermore, down-regulation or inhibition of HSF1 impaired both SPI1/PU.1 targeted gene transcription and macrophage differentiation. Secondly, HSF1 induces the expression of HSP70 that interacts with SPI1/PU.1 to protect the transcription factor from proteasomal degradation. Taken together, HSF1 appears as a fine-tuning regulator of SPI1/PU.1 expression at the transcriptional and post-translational levels during macrophage differentiation of monocytes.Leukemia accepted article preview online, 7 February 2014; doi:10.1038/leu.2014.63.
Published: 2014

43. Cohen syndrome is associated with major glycosylation defects

Author: Edward Blair, Eric Solary, Salima El Chehadeh-Djebbar, Gaëtan Jego, Laurent Delva, Nathalie Marle, Julien Thevenon, Laurence Duplomb, André Klein, Jean-Baptiste Rivière, Virginie Carmignac, Jean-Claude Michalski, Christophe Philippe, Estelle Lopez, François Girodon, Christine Bellanné-Chantelot, Jean Donadieu, Nadège Gigot, Nathalie Droin, Laurence Faivre, Damien Picot, Sandrine Duvet, François Foulquier, Bernard Aral, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Génétique des Anomalies du Développement ( GAD ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, FHU TRANSLAD, Département de Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle - UMR 8576 ( UGSF ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, UAM de glycopathologies, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] ( CHRU Lille ), Service de Génétique [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy ( CHRU Nancy ), Nutrition-Génétique et Exposition aux Risques Environnementaux ( NGERE ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ), Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ), Department of Clinical Genetics, Oxford Regional Genetics Service, The Churchill hospital, Laboratoire d'Hématologie, Service d'hématologie-immunologie-oncologie pédiatrique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Service de génétique [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Hématopoïèse normale et pathologique, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle UMR 8576 (UGSF), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Nutrition-Génétique et Exposition aux Risques Environnementaux (NGERE), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR), Service d'hématologie-immunologie-oncologie pédiatrique [CHU Trousseau], Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service de Génétique Cytogénétique et Embryologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle - UMR 8576 (UGSF), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)
Subjects: Glycan, Glycosylation, Endosome, Developmental Disabilities, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Vesicular Transport Proteins, Golgi Apparatus, Fingers, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, symbols.namesake, 0302 clinical medicine, Antigens, CD, Intellectual Disability, Myopia, Genetics, Humans, Obesity, Molecular Biology, Genetics (clinical), 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, biology, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Retinal Degeneration, Transferrin, General Medicine, Fibroblasts, Brefeldin A, Golgi apparatus, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1, Cell biology, VPS13B, chemistry, Membrane protein, Biochemistry, Microcephaly, symbols, O-linked glycosylation, biology.protein, Muscle Hypotonia, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, RNA Interference, Cell Adhesion Molecules, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Cohen syndrome (CS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder with multisytemic clinical features due to mutations in the VPS13B gene, which has recently been described encoding a mandatory membrane protein involved in Golgi integrity. As the Golgi complex is the place where glycosylation of newly synthesized proteins occurs, we hypothesized that VPS13B deficiency, responsible of Golgi apparatus disturbance, could lead to glycosylation defects and/or mysfunction of this organelle, and thus be a cause of the main clinical manifestations of CS. The glycosylation status of CS serum proteins showed a very unusual pattern of glycosylation characterized by a significant accumulation of agalactosylated fucosylated structures as well as asialylated fucosylated structures demonstrating a major defect of glycan maturation in CS. However, CS transferrin and α1-AT profiles, two liver-derived proteins, were normal. We also showed that intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1 and LAMP-2, two highly glycosylated cellular proteins, presented an altered migration profile on SDS–PAGE in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from CS patients. RNA interference against VPS13B confirmed these glycosylation defects. Experiments with Brefeldin A demonstrated that intracellular retrograde cell trafficking was normal in CS fibroblasts. Furthermore, early endosomes were almost absent in these cells and lysosomes were abnormally enlarged, suggesting a crucial role of VPS13B in endosomal–lysosomal trafficking. Our work provides evidence that CS is associated to a tissue-specific major defect of glycosylation and endosomal–lysosomal trafficking defect, suggesting that this could be a new key element to decipher the mechanisms of CS physiopathology.
Published: 2014

44. Homozygous Truncating Intragenic Duplication in TUSC3 Responsible for Rare Autosomal Recessive Nonsyndromic Intellectual Disability with No Clinical or Biochemical Metabolic Markers

Author: M. Béri, Philippe Jonveaux, S. El Chehadeh, P. Callier, Julien Thevenon, Céline Bonnet, Muriel Payet, Alice Masurel-Paulet, Clémence Ragon, N. Seta, Laurence Faivre, Anne-Laure Mosca-Boidron, C. Thauvin-Robinet, Francine Mugneret, T. Dupré, Laurence Duplomb, and Nathalie Marle
Subjects: Genetics, Microcephaly, education.field_of_study, business.industry, Population, medicine.disease, Bioinformatics, Short stature, Article, Oligosaccharyltransferase complex, Speech delay, Intellectual disability, Gene duplication, medicine, medicine.symptom, business, education, Gene
Abstract: Intellectual disability (ID), which affects around 2–3% of the general population, is classically divided into syndromic and nonsyndromic forms, with several modes of inheritance. Nonsyndromic autosomal recessive ID (NS-ARID) appears extremely heterogeneous with numerous genes identified to date, including inborn errors of metabolism. The TUSC3 gene encodes a subunit of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-bound oligosaccharyltransferase complex, which mediates a key step of N-glycosylation. To date, only five families with NS-ARID and TUSC3 mutations or rearrangements have been reported in the literature. All patients had speech delay, moderate-to-severe ID, and moderate facial dysmorphism. Microcephaly was noted in one third of patients, as was short stature. No patients had congenital malformation except one patient with unilateral cryptorchidism. Glycosylation analyses of patients’ fibroblasts showed normal N-glycan synthesis and transfer. We present a review of the 19 patients previously described in the literature and report on a sixth consanguineous family including two affected sibs, with intellectual disability, unspecific dysmorphic features, and no additional malformations identified by high-resolution array-CGH. A homozygous truncating intragenic duplication of the TUSC3 gene leading to an aberrant transcript was detected in two siblings. This observation, which is the first reported case of TUSC3 homozygous duplication, confirms the implication of TUSC3 in NS-ARID and the power of the high-resolution array-CGH in identifying intragenic rearrangements of genes implicated in nonsyndromic ID and rare diseases.
Published: 2014

45. Oncostatin M Regulates the Synthesis and Turnover of gp130, Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Receptor α, and Oncostatin M Receptor β by Distinct Mechanisms

Author: Anne Godard, Laurence Duplomb, Heinz Baumann, Erin Kinzie, Frédéric Blanchard, and Yanping Wang
Subjects: MAP Kinase Signaling System, Leukemia inhibitory factor receptor, Endosomes, Oncostatin M, Biology, Leukemia Inhibitory Factor, Biochemistry, Mice, Cytokine Receptor gp130, Enzyme-linked receptor, Animals, 5-HT5A receptor, Cycloheximide, Molecular Biology, Protein Synthesis Inhibitors, Lymphokines, Membrane Glycoproteins, Oncostatin M receptor, 3T3 Cells, Cell Biology, Fibroblasts, Glycoprotein 130, Molecular biology, Interleukin-21 receptor, biology.protein, Signal transduction
Abstract: The cytokine receptor subunits gp130, leukemia inhibitory factor receptor alpha (LIFRalpha), and oncostatin M receptor beta (OSMRbeta) transduce OSM signals that regulate gene expression and cell proliferation. After ligand binding and activation of the Janus protein-tyrosine kinase/STAT and mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction pathways, negative feedback processes are recruited. These processes attenuate receptor action by suppression of cytokine signaling and by down-regulation of receptor protein expression. This study demonstrates that in human fibroblasts or epithelial cells, OSM first decreases the level of gp130, LIFRalpha, and OSMRbeta by ligand-induced receptor degradation and then increases the level of the receptors by enhanced synthesis. The transcriptional induction of gp130 gene by OSM involves STAT3. Various cell lines expressing receptor subunits to the different interleukin-6 class cytokines revealed that only LIFRalpha degradation is promoted by activated ERK and that degradation of gp130, OSMRbeta, and a fraction of LIFRalpha involves mechanisms that are separate from signal transduction. These mechanisms include ligand-mediated dimerization, internalization, and endosomal/lysosomal degradation. Proteosomal degradation appears to involve a fraction of receptor subunit proteins that are ubiquitinated independently of ligand binding.
Published: 2001

46. Identification of Agonistic and Antagonistic Antibodies against gp190, the Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Receptor, Reveals Distinct Roles for Its Two Cytokine-binding Domains

Author: Patrick Legembre, Sophie Daburon, Juliette Bitard, Jean-Luc Taupin, Yannick Jacques, Jean-François Moreau, Vincent Pitard, Laurence Duplomb, Frédéric Blanchard, and Anne Godard
Subjects: endocrine system, Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Receptor alpha Subunit, Receptors, OSM-LIF, medicine.drug_class, Leukemia inhibitory factor receptor, Monoclonal antibody, Biochemistry, Cell Line, Epitopes, Structure-Activity Relationship, Cricetinae, parasitic diseases, medicine, Animals, Humans, Receptors, Cytokine, Cytokine binding, Receptor, Molecular Biology, biology, Oncostatin M, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Cell Biology, Flow Cytometry, Glycoprotein 130, Molecular biology, biology.protein, Cytokines, Cytokine receptor, Leukemia inhibitory factor, Cell Division, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists
Abstract: The receptor for the cytokine leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) associates the low affinity binding component gp190 and the high affinity converter gp130, both of which are members of the family of hematopoietic receptors characterized by the cytokine receptor homology (CRH) domain. The gp190 is among the very few members of this large family to contain two CRH domains. The membrane-distal one (herein called D1) is followed by an Ig-like domain, a membrane-proximal CRH domain called D2, and three type III fibronectin repeats. We raised a series of monoclonal antibodies specific for the human gp190. Among them was the blocking antibody 1C7, which was directed against the D1Ig region and which impaired the binding of LIF to gp190. Another blocking antibody, called 12D3, was directed against domain D2 and interfered with the reconstitution of the high affinity receptor complex, independently of the interaction between LIF and gp190. The blocking effect of these two antibodies concerned four cytokines known to use gp190, i.e. LIF, oncostatin M, ciliary neurotrophic factor, and cardiotrophin-1. Among 23 antibodies tested alone or in combination (two anti-D2 and 21 anti-D1Ig), only the mixture of the two anti-D2 antibodies displayed agonistic activity in the absence of the cytokine. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the two CRH domains of gp190 play different functions in ligand binding and receptor activation.
Published: 2001

47. Osteoprotegerin: multiple partners for multiple functions

Author: Dominique Heymann, Marc Baud'huin, Stéphane Téletchéa, Marie-Françoise Heymann, Laurence Duplomb, Carmen Ruiz-Velasco, Mike Maillasson, Francois Lamoureux, and Françoise Rédini
Subjects: musculoskeletal diseases, Cell Survival, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Immunology, Osteoclasts, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand, Osteoprotegerin, Immunology and Allergy, Animals, Humans, Cell adhesion, Receptor, Cell Proliferation, biology, Activator (genetics), Cell growth, Chemistry, RANK Ligand, Cell Differentiation, In vitro, Cell biology, Biochemistry, RANKL, biology.protein, Decoy
Abstract: Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is an essential secreted protein in bone turnover due to its role as a decoy receptor for the Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kB ligand (RANKL) in the osteoclasts, thus inhibiting their differentiation. However, there are additional ligands of OPG that confer various biological functions. OPG can promote cell survival, cell proliferation and facilitates migration by binding TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL), glycosaminoglycans or proteoglycans. A large number of in vitro, pre-clinical and clinical studies provide evidences of OPG involvement in vascular, bone, immune and tumor biology. This review describes an overview of the different OPG ligands regulating its biological functions.
Published: 2013

48. PIK3R1 Mutations Cause Syndromic Insulin Resistance with Lipoatrophy

Author: Frédéric Huet, Michèle Mathieu-Dramard, Martine Caron-Debarle, Jeanne Amiel, C. Fagour, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Olivier Lascols, Jacqueline Capeau, Patrick Callier, Marie-Laure Nunes, Damien Picot, Jean-Baptiste Rivière, Bernard Le Luyer, Martine Laville, Judith St-Onge, Delphine Héron, Yves Reznik, Sylvie Odent, Laurence Faivre, Pierre Bitoun, Julien Thevenon, Martine Auclair, Virginie Carmignac, Jean-Michel Petit, Magali Avila, Martine Le Merrer, Laurence Duplomb, Corinne Vigouroux, Department of Experimental Cardiology, Heart Failure Research Center (HFRC)-Academic Medical Center - Academisch Medisch Centrum [Amsterdam] (AMC), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA)-University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA), Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Pathologie de l'Adipocyte et des Cellules Hepatiques, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CR Saint-Antoine), Center of Excellence in Neuroscience, CHU de Montréal, Génétique et épigénétique des maladies métaboliques, neurosensorielles et du développement (Inserm U781), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Fonctionnelle de Génétique Clinique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre de référence 'Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares' - Paris-Groupe de Recherche Clinique 'Déficience Intellectuelle et Autisme' - Paris, Service de génétique médicale, CHU Amiens-Picardie, Service de Pédiatrie [Jean Verdier], Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Jean Verdier [Bondy], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP), Service de Diabétologie, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes (IGDR), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Immunovirologie et polymorphisme génétique, Université de Nantes (UN), Laboratoire de cytogénétique (CHU de Dijon), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes (CRNH-RH), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Cancers et préventions, Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de biochimie et hormonologie [CHU Tenon], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Tenon [APHP], Academic Medical Center - Academisch Medisch Centrum [Amsterdam] (AMC), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA)-University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] (UvA)-Heart Failure Research Center (HFRC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (UMRS893), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Jean Verdier [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques (CHU de Dijon), Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université de Nantes - UFR de Médecine et des Techniques Médicales (UFR MEDECINE), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes (CRNH-RA), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), CHU Tenon [AP-HP], Regional Council of Burgundy, a French government [ANR-10-IAHU], National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HL-102923, HL-102924, HL-102925, HL-102926, HL-103010], ANR-10-IAHU-0001,Imagine,Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Imagine(2010), Academic Medical Center [Amsterdam] ( AMC ), University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] ( UvA ) -University of Amsterdam [Amsterdam] ( UvA ) -Heart Failure Research Center (HFRC), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement ( GAD ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine ( CR Saint-Antoine ), Université de Montréal-CHU de Montréal, Génétique et épigénétique des maladies métaboliques, neurosensorielles et du développement ( Inserm U781 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Centre de référence 'Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares' - Paris-Groupe de Recherche Clinique 'Déficience Intellectuelle et Autisme' - Paris, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Université Paris 13 ( UP13 ) -Hôpital Jean Verdier, Institut de Génétique et Développement de Rennes ( IGDR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ), Université de Nantes ( UN ), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes ( CRNH ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-CHU Grenoble-Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -CHU Saint-Etienne-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Tenon [APHP], Unité Fonctionnelle de Génétique Clinique [CHU Pitié Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Hôpital Jean Verdier [AP-HP], Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Grenoble, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Tenon [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Paris 13 (UP13)-Hôpital Jean Verdier [Bondy]
Subjects: Proband, EXPRESSION, medicine.medical_specialty, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Biology, medicine.disease_cause, MICE LACKING, Short stature, 03 medical and health sciences, HYPOGLYCEMIA, 0302 clinical medicine, Insulin resistance, PIK3R1, Internal medicine, Report, medicine, Genetics, KINASE, Genetics(clinical), Lipoatrophy, Genetics (clinical), 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, Mutation, AKT2, [SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics, RECEPTOR, medicine.disease, 3-KINASE, 3. Good health, Insulin receptor, Endocrinology, AUTOPHOSPHORYLATION, SHORT syndrome, biology.protein, SKELETAL-MUSCLE, GROWTH, medicine.symptom, [ SDV.GEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics
Abstract: International audience; Short stature, hyperextensibility of joints and/or inguinal hernia, ocular depression, Rieger anomaly, and teething delay (SHORT) syndrome is a developmental disorder with an unknown genetic cause and hallmarks that include insulin resistance and lack of subcutaneous fat. We ascertained two unrelated individuals with SHORT syndrome, hypothesized that the observed phenotype was most likely due to de novo mutations in the same gene, and performed whole-exome sequencing in the two probands and their unaffected parents. We then confirmed our initial observations in four other subjects with SHORT syndrome from three families, as well as 14 unrelated subjects presenting with syndromic insulin resistance and/or generalized lipoatrophy associated with dysmorphic features and growth retardation. Overall, we identified in nine affected individuals from eight families de novo or inherited PIK3R1 mutations, including a mutational hotspot (c.1945C>T [p.Arg649Trp]) present in four families. PIK3R1 encodes the p85 alpha, p55 alpha, and p50 alpha regulatory subunits of class IA phosphatidylinositol 3 kinases (PI3Ks), which are known to play a key role in insulin signaling. Functional data from fibroblasts derived from individuals with PIK3R1 mutations showed severe insulin resistance for both proximal and distal PI3K-dependent signaling. Our findings extend the genetic causes of severe insulin-resistance syndromes and provide important information with respect to the function of PIK3R1 in normal development and its role in human diseases, including growth delay, Rieger anomaly and other ocular affections, insulin resistance, diabetes, paucity of fat, and ovarian cysts.
Published: 2013

49. Independence of hyperleptinemia-induced fat disappearance from thyroid hormone

Author: Laurence Duplomb, Kiyosumi Takaishi, Theo J. Visser, Roger H Unger, Byung Hyun Park, and Internal Medicine
Subjects: Leptin, Male, Thyroid Hormones, medicine.medical_specialty, DNA, Complementary, Deiodinase, Biophysics, Adipose tissue, White adipose tissue, Iodide Peroxidase, Biochemistry, Fats, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, RNA, Messenger, Molecular Biology, Beta oxidation, Methimazole, biology, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Chemistry, Body Weight, Fatty Acids, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Thyroid, Cell Biology, Metabolism, Rats, Rats, Zucker, Oxygen, Thyroxine, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, Adipose Tissue, biology.protein, Triiodothyronine, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, Hormone
Abstract: Sustained hyperleptinemia induced in normal rats causes the rapid disappearance of body fat. This is attributed to a marked increase in uncoupled fatty acid oxidation in the white adipocytes, which also occurs in hyperthyroidism. Because hyperleptinemic rats have normal plasma T3 or T4 levels, we tested the possibility of "localized hyperthyroidism" due to increased conversion of T4 to T3 in the adipose tissue. We therefore induced sustained hyperleptinemia in normal rats by intravenous injection of recombinant adenovirus containing the leptin cDNA (AdCMV-leptin) and measured the mRNA and the activity of enzymes involved in T4 metabolism in the disappearing fat. The epididymal fat pad remnants exhibited a decrease in mRNA of deiodinase 1 and a doubling of deiodinase 2 mRNA (p0.05), but their enzyme activities did not differ from normoleptinemic controls. To determine if thyroid hormone was required for the fat-wasting action of hyperleptinemia, we infused AdCMV-leptin into rats made athyroid by total thyroidectomy or by methimazole therapy. The fat loss in hyperleptinemic athyroid rats was as great as in euthyroid controls. We conclude that the fat-wasting effect of sustained hyperleptinemia does not involve "local hyperthyroidism" in white adipose tissue and does not require thyroid hormone.
Published: 2004

50. In-Frame Mutations in Exon 1 of SKI Cause Dominant Shprintzen-Goldberg Syndrome

Author: Anne H. Child, Christophe Béroud, Catherine Boileau, Jaime Sanchez del Pozo, Julie De Backer, Cyril Goizet, Jeanne Amiel, Lesley C. Adès, Pierre Vabres, Anne De Paepe, Julien Thevenon, Laurence Duplomb, Katherine Holman, Christel Thauvin-Robinet, Clarisse Baumann, Frédéric Huet, Ghislaine Plessis, Gwenaëlle Collod-Béroud, Bert Callewaert, Eloisa Arbustini, Henri Plauchu, Bernard Aral, Peter N. Robinson, Sophie Julia, Jean Baptiste Rivière, Valérie Cormier-Daire, Gavin Arno, Nadège Gigot, Marjolijn Renard, Lucie Gueneau, Guillaume Jondeau, Patrick Callier, Jean Benoît Courcet, Maja Di Rocco, Laurence Faivre, Virginie Carmignac, Estelle Lopez, Maurizia Grasso, Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Department of medical genetics, Royal Alexandra Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Ghent University Hospital-Center for Medical Genetics, Hôpital Purpan [Toulouse], CHU Toulouse [Toulouse], FHU TRANSLAD (CHU de Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement (GAD), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Service de pédiatrie (CHU de Dijon), Laboratoire de génétique des maladies rares. Pathologie moleculaire, etudes fonctionnelles et banque de données génétiques (LGMR), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-IFR3, Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Marfan Research Group, Westmead Hospital [Sydney], Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon, Service de génétique [Hôpial Louis Pradel - HCL], Hôpital Louis Pradel [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Service de Génétique [CHU Caen], CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU), Center for Medical Genetics [Ghent], Ghent University Hospital, Cardiac & Vascular Sciences, St Georges, University of London, Physiopathologie de la résorption osseuse et thérapie des tumeurs osseuses primitives, Université de Nantes (UN)-IFR26-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de génétique - Centre de référence des maladies rares, anomalies du développement et syndromes malformatifs (CHU de Dijon), Service de Biologie Moléculaire, Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image [UMR6306] (Le2i), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, IRCCS - Pavia, Centre for Inherited Cardiovacular Diseases, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Service de Génétique Médicale du CHU de Bordeaux, Hôpital Robert Debré Paris, Hôpital Robert Debré, Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC), Service de cardiologie, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle (GMGF), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Head of the Department of Medical Genetics, Center for Medical Genetics, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), FHU TRANSLAD, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ), Génétique des Anomalies du Développement ( GAD ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -IFR100 - Structure fédérative de recherche Santé-STIC, Laboratoire de génétique des maladies rares. Pathologie moleculaire, etudes fonctionnelles et banque de données génétiques, Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ) -IFR3-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ), The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Service de Génétique, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Hôtel Dieu, Service de génétique, CHU Caen-Hôpital Clémenceau, Université de Nantes ( UN ) -IFR26-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Laboratoire Electronique, Informatique et Image ( Le2i ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Technologie de Compiègne [Compiègne] ( UTC ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris]-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ), Génétique Médicale et Génomique Fonctionnelle ( GMGF ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) - Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] ( TIMONE ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT ), COLLOD-BEROUD, Gwenaëlle, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Laboratoire de Génétique Chromosomique et Moléculaire [CHU Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-AP-HP - Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)- Hôpital de la Timone [CHU - APHM] (TIMONE)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT)
Subjects: Male, Models, Molecular, medicine.disease_cause, [SDV.BBM.BM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Marfan Syndrome, Arachnodactyly, Exon, 0302 clinical medicine, Gene Order, Missense mutation, Genetics(clinical), Child, [ SDV.GEN.GH ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Genetics (clinical), Exome sequencing, Genes, Dominant, Genetics, 0303 health sciences, Mutation, Shprintzen–Goldberg syndrome, Exons, Phenotype, Pedigree, DNA-Binding Proteins, Child, Preschool, Female, medicine.symptom, Adult, Adolescent, Molecular Sequence Data, [ SDV.BBM.BM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, Biology, [SDV.GEN.GH] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, 03 medical and health sciences, Camptodactyly, Craniosynostoses, Young Adult, stomatognathic system, Report, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, medicine, Humans, Amino Acid Sequence, 030304 developmental biology, Facies, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, medicine.disease, Molecular biology, Protein Structure, Tertiary, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Sequence Alignment, human activities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Shprintzen-Goldberg syndrome (SGS) is characterized by severe marfanoid habitus, intellectual disability, camptodactyly, typical facial dysmorphism, and craniosynostosis. Using family-based exome sequencing, we identified a dominantly inherited heterozygous in-frame deletion in exon 1 of SKI. Direct sequencing of SKI further identified one overlapping heterozygous in-frame deletion and ten heterozygous missense mutations affecting recurrent residues in 18 of the 19 individuals screened for SGS; these individuals included one family affected by somatic mosaicism. All mutations were located in a restricted area of exon 1, within the R-SMAD binding domain of SKI. No mutation was found in a cohort of 11 individuals with other marfanoid-craniosynostosis phenotypes. The interaction between SKI and Smad2/3 and Smad 4 regulates TGF-β signaling, and the pattern of anomalies in Ski-deficient mice corresponds to the clinical manifestations of SGS. These findings define SGS as a member of the family of diseases associated with the TGF-β-signaling pathway.
Published: 2012

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