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Human WHO grade 1 meningiomas are generally considered benign tumors; despite this, they account for ≈50% of all recurrent meningiomas. Currently, limited data exist about the mutational profiles of grade 1 meningiomas and patient outcome. We investigated the genetic variants present in 32 WHO grade 1 meningiomas using whole exome sequencing, and correlated gene mutational profiles with tumor cytogenetics and patient outcome. Overall, WHO grade 1 meningiomas harbored numerous and heterogeneous genetic variants, which most frequently affected the NF2 (47%) gene and to a less extent the PNMA6A (22%), TIGD1 (16%), SMO (13%), PTEN (13%), CREG2 (9%), EEF1A1 (6%), POLR2A (6%), ARID1B (3%), and FAIM3 (3%) genes. Notably, non-synonymous genetic variants of SMO and POLR2A were restricted to diploid meningiomas, whereas NF2 mutations were only found among tumors that showed -22/22q─ (with or without a complex karyotype). Based on NF2 mutations and tumor cytogenetics, four genetic profiles were defined with an impact on patient recurrence-free survival (RFS). These included (1) two good-prognosis tumor subgroups—diploid meningiomas (n=9) and isolated -22/22q─ associated with NF2 mutation (n=7)—with RFS rates at 10 y of 100%; and (2) two subgroups of poor-prognosis meningiomas—isolated -22/22q─ without NF2 mutation (n=3) and tumors with complex karyotypes (n=11)—with a RFS rate at 10 y of 48% (p=0.003). Our results point out the existence of recurrent but heterogeneous mutational profiles in WHO grade 1 meningiomas which have an impact on patient outcome.

La adjudicación de un contrato por parte de una administración pública depende de criterios de adjudicación evaluables mediante fórmulas y de criterios evaluables mediante juicios de valor. Los primeros disponen de fórmulas definidas mientras que los segundos siempre tienen un sesgo subjetivo porque dependen del técnico que realiza la valoración. Con objeto de minimizar las consecuencias de las arbitrariedades o incertidumbres en la evaluación de los criterios evaluables mediante un juicio de valor se puede recurrir a la lógica difusa. La lógica difusa, borrosa o fuzzy es el razonamiento matemático que permite calcular de forma exacta las magnitudes correspondientes a conceptos vagos o situaciones poco previsibles para poder tener control sobre ellas. El objetivo del presente trabajo es desarrollar una metodología que permita a los órganos de contratación la evaluación de los criterios evaluables mediante un juicio de valor mediante la utilización de la lógica difusa. Abstract The award of a contract by a public administration depends on criteria assessed by formulae and criteria assessed by value judgements. For the former, various predetermined formulae can be employed while for the criteria assessed by value judgements will always contain some subjective bias by the individual who performs the evaluation. In order to minimize the consequences of the arbitrariness or uncertainties in the evaluation of criteria assessed by value judgments is possible to use the fuzzy logic. Diffuse, fuzzy or fuzzy logic is the mathematical reasoning that allows to calculate accurately the magnitudes corresponding to vague concepts or situations that are not very predictable to have control over them. The objective of this paper is to show a methodology which permits to the contracting authority to evaluate the criteria assessed by value judgments through fuzzy numbers.

Introducción: Los profesionales de enfermería desarrollan Teorías sobre situaciones específicas para tener una mejor explicación de la práctica y poder brindar un cuidado de calidad a la persona, la familia y la comunidad. Objetivo: Describir la Teoría específica sobre las Conductas familiares en la Autogestión y el Control glucémico de las personas con Diabetes tipo 2. Metodología: El método utilizado para el desarrollo de está teoría fue a través del Proceso integrador. Resultados: se logró identificar cuatro conceptos principales: Conductas familiares, Autogestión de la persona con Diabetes tipo 2, Control glucémico y Agentes condicionantes individuales. Conclusiones: la Teoría específica desarrollada, nos permite tener un marco teórico para entender la interacción del familiar y la persona con Diabetes tipo 2 para el logró de la Autogestión y el Control glucémico de estás.

Objetivo. Llevar a cabo un análisis bibliométrico descriptivo retrospectivo de estudios científicos publicados entre 2000 y 2013, a fin de ver y representar la evolución de dichos artículos llevados a cabo en este campo, para averiguar y dar a conocer en qué grado se está estudiando la forma en cómo los padres educan a sus hijos. Metodología. El trabajo se ha realizado a partir de 50 artículos que han sido extraídos de la base de datos ISOC y se han analizado atendiendo a una serie de descriptores: año de publicación, título, perfil de la autoría, país, idioma y participación de las universidades. Resultados y conclusión. La familia siempre ha sido el agente formador por excelencia, desde los primeros años, pero hoy se encuentra en una situación de incertidumbre al no saber cómo educar a sus hijos; siendo cada vez más necesaria la formación de padres coordinada de forma profesional.

In order to quantify the climate change mitigation potential of forest plantations, information on total biomass and its growth rate is required. Depending on the method used, the study of the biomass behavior can be a complex and expensive activity. The main objective of this research was to develop allometric models to estimate biomass for different tree components (leaves, branches, stem and root) and total tree biomass in Alnus acuminata (Kunth) in Costa Rica. Additionally, models were developed to estimate biomass and carbon in trees per hectare and for total plant biomass per hectare (trees + herbaceous vegetation + necromass). To construct the tree models, 41 sampling plots were evaluated in seven sites from which 47 trees with a diametric from 4.5 to 44.5 cm were selected to be harvested. In the selected models for the stem, root and total tree biomass, a r 2 >93.87 % was accomplished, while the r 2aj for leaves and branches was 88 %. For the biomass and carbon models for total trees and total plant biomass per hectare the r2 was >99 %. Average biomass expansion factor was 1.22 for aboveground and 1.43 for total biomass (when the root was included). The carbon fraction in plant biomass varied between 32.9 and 46.7 % and the percentage of soil carbon was 3 %.

Para cuantificar el potencial de las plantaciones forestales como mitigadoras del cambio climático se necesita información de la biomasa total y de su ritmo de crecimiento. Estudiar la dinámica de la biomasa es una actividad compleja y costosa según el método utilizado. El objetivo principal de esta investigación fue construir modelos alométricos para estimar la biomasa en los diferentes componentes del árbol (hojas, ramas, fuste y raíz) y en el árbol completo para Alnus acuminata (Kunth) en Costa Rica. Adicionalmente, se desarrollaron modelos para estimar la biomasa y el carbono en árboles por hectárea y para la biomasa y el carbono total (árboles+vegetación herbácea+necromasa). Se evaluaron 41 parcelas distribuidas en siete sitios y se extrajeron 47 árboles con un diámetro entre 4,5 y 44,5 cm. En los modelos seleccionados para el fuste, la raíz y la biomasa total del árbol se logró un r2 >93,87 %, mientras que para las hojas y las ramas un r 2 de 88 %, en los modelos para la biomasa y/o el carbono en árboles y total por hectárea el r2 fue >99 %. El factor de expansión de biomasa promedio fue de 1,22 para biomasa aérea y de 1,43 para la relación biomasa aérea total - biomasa de raíz. La fracción de carbono en la biomasa vegetal varió entre 32,9 y 46,7 % y el porcentaje de carbono en el suelo fue de 3 %.

Abstract Background Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) requires innovative therapeutic strategies to counteract its progression and metastatic potential. Since the majority of patients are diagnosed with advanced metastatic disease, treatment strategies targeting not only the primary tumor but also metastatic lesions are needed. Tumor-Associated Macrophages (TAMs) have emerged as central players, significantly influencing PDAC progression and metastasis. Our objective was to validate an innovative therapeutic strategy involving the reprogramming of TAMs using lipid nanosystems to prevent the formation of a pro-metastatic microenvironment in the liver. Results In vitro results demonstrate that M2-polarized macrophages lose their M2-phenotype following treatment with lipid nanoemulsions composed of vitamin E and sphingomyelin (VitE:SM), transitioning to an M0/M1 state. Specifically, VitE:SM nanoemulsion treatment decreased the expression of macrophage M2 markers such as Arg1 and Egr2, while M1 markers such as Cd86, Il-1b and Il-12b increased. Additionally, the TGF-βR1 inhibitor Galunisertib (LY2157299) was loaded into VitE:SM nanoemulsions and delivered to C57BL/6 mice orthotopically injected with KPC PDAC tumor cells. Treated mice showed diminished primary tumor growth and reduced TAM infiltration in the liver. Moreover, we observed a decrease in liver metastasis with the nanoemulsion treatment in an intrasplenic model of PDAC liver metastasis. Finally, we validated the translatability of our VitE:SM nanosystem therapy in a human cell-based 3D co-culture model in vivo, underscoring the pivotal role of macrophages in the nanosystem’s therapeutic effect in the context of human PDAC metastasis. Conclusions The demonstrated effectiveness and safety of our nanosystem therapy highlights a promising therapeutic approach for PDAC, showcasing its potential in reprogramming TAMs and mitigating the occurrence of liver metastasis. Graphical abstract

Abstract Bariatric surgery is effective for the treatment and remission of obesity and type 2 diabetes, but pharmacological approaches which exert similar metabolic adaptations are needed to avoid post-surgical complications. Here we show how G49, an oxyntomodulin (OXM) analog and dual glucagon/glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GCGR/GLP-1R) agonist, triggers an inter-organ crosstalk between adipose tissue, pancreas, and liver which is initiated by a rapid release of free fatty acids (FFAs) by white adipose tissue (WAT) in a GCGR-dependent manner. This interactome leads to elevations in adiponectin and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), causing WAT beiging, brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation, increased energy expenditure (EE) and weight loss. Elevation of OXM, under basal and postprandial conditions, and similar metabolic adaptations after G49 treatment were found in plasma from patients with obesity early after metabolic bariatric surgery. These results identify G49 as a potential pharmacological alternative sharing with bariatric surgery hormonal and metabolic pathways.

Background and aimSubcutaneous immunoglobulin (SCIg) has emerged as an alternative to intravenous administration for patients with primary (PID) and secondary immunodeficiencies (SID), offering benefits such as fewer systemic adverse reactions and greater patient autonomy. However, comprehensive real-world data on SCIg use, including clinical and patient-centered outcomes, remain scarce. This study, conducted by expert immunodeficiency nursing teams, assesses the clinical characteristics, reported adverse effects, and quality-of-life outcomes associated with SCIg therapy with different formulations in patients with PID and SID across Spain.MethodsA multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted across 8 immunodeficiency nursing units in Spain, involving 223 adult patients treated with SCIg from 2004 to 2024. Data on demographics, comorbidities, SCIg treatment characteristics, reported adverse events, and quality-of-life metrics (EuroQol-5D-3L, Gijón Scale) were collected and analyzed.ResultsThe cohort (61.4% female, mean age: 47.1 years) included 65% PID patients, with common variable immunodeficiency being the most frequent diagnosis (39.8%). SCIg demonstrated good tolerability overall, with no significant differences in global adverse event rates between facilitated 10% (fSCIg) and 20% formulations. However, 10% fSCIg was associated with higher reported frequencies of mild local rash (58.7% vs. 36.9%, p=0.002) and fever (10.6% vs. 1.7%, p=0.01). Quality-of-life scores indicated minimal limitations in mobility and self-care, with a mean subjective health rating of 72.7/100. Patients using 20% SCIg required fewer educational sessions for self-administration compared to the 10% group.ConclusionThe different SCIg formulations in this large, multicenter cohort was effective and generally well-tolerated, supporting its use for maintaining adequate IgG levels and promoting patient independence in PID and SID. The study’s findings advocate for tailored approaches that optimize patient satisfaction and address individual needs, emphasizing the critical role of dedicated immunodeficiency nursing teams in ensuring safe, effective, and patient-centered SCIg administration.

La esgrima en silla de ruedas es un deporte caracterizado por esfuerzos de carácter intermitente donde el ritmo de las acciones es máximo. Existe carencia bibliográfica sobre la evolución de la fatiga en este deporte, en contraste con la información referente a la modalidad olímpica. El objetivo de este estudio fue calcular los valores cardiocirculatorios, metabólicos y perceptivos en una competición internacional de esgrima en silla de ruedas para aumentar los recursos en la programación específica del entrenamiento en este deporte. Compitieron 16 tiradores de categoría A (7) y categoría B (9), a los que se monitorizó la frecuencia cardiaca, el lactato en sangre y la percepción de esfuerzo en cada fase de la competición. Tanto la frecuencia cardiaca (p = .014) como el lactato en sangre (p = .037) y la percepción de esfuerzo (p = .04) aumentaron más en la fase de eliminación directa que en la poule, y se estabilizó en el tramo final de competición. En conclusión, todos los parámetros analizados tienden a incrementarse tras la fase de poule y llegan a sus valores máximos en las eliminaciones directas. A pesar de que los valores metabólicos superaron levemente el umbral aeróbico, es necesario crear una estrategia de entrenamiento para demorar la fatiga y evitar así errores coordinativos, lo cual es tan importante en esta modalidad paralímpica que necesita alta precisión a velocidad máxima.

Quality glucose-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA)-supported digital weight-loss services (DWLSs) have the potential to play a significant role in shifting the alarming global obesity rate. Previous studies have demonstrated various aspects of their utility in Australian and British populations, but nothing has hitherto been investigated in real-world European settings, where GLP-1 RA weight therapy and digital healthcare are widely used. This study retrospectively analysed the 5-month (Mean = 160.14 days) weight-loss outcomes in a cohort of patients who received email-based health coaching and Semaglutide therapy via the Juniper Germany DWLS (n = 833). Mean weight loss was 9.52 (±5.46) percent, with 81.51% of the cohort losing a ‘meaningful’ (5% or more) amount of weight. Females (Mean = 9.75) tended to lose more weight than males (Mean = 8.41) and patients from the lowest two BMI categories (27.5–29.99 kg/m2 Mean = 10.1; 30–34.99 kg/m2 Mean = 9.74) lost significantly more weight than those in the highest BMI category (≥40 kg/m2 Mean = 8.11). These findings indicate that GLP-1 RA-supported DWLSs can contribute to meaningful weight loss in Germany. Future research should seek to conduct a dedicated adherence analysis of the Juniper Germany DWLS and measure the effect of subsidisation and baseline body mass index on general DWLS effectiveness.

Feminism has been one of the most important social movements of the last centuries. Current societies have widely recognized their contributions. However, whereas ethnic diversity has been included in the movement, diversity in terms of academic background has not. Therefore, the contributions made by the “other women” from their daily lives, those with no university education (who belong to cultural minorities or not), remain on the margins of public debate. In the face of this reality, the plurality of all women has been building contributions to education and dialogic feminism. Based on Lidia Puigvert’s previous study on dialogic feminism and the “other women” movement, this article aimed to trace the social impact of “other women’s” contributions to education and dialogic feminism in their lives and communities. A qualitative case study has been developed that collects a systematic literature review, in-depth interviews with educators, focus groups, and communicative daily life stories with women who have participated in Schools as Learning Communities and democratic adult education associations in Spain over the last 20 years. The results provided evidence about the contributions of the “other women” in the development and expansion of successful educational actions that have generated social and educational transformations in themselves, their families, and their communities, such as Dialogic Gatherings and the prevention of gender violence, among others.

Sexuality education should be integrated into educational centers as a human right of children and adolescents, and an international recommendation based on scientific evidence. This study sought to identify the sexuality education interventions that were carried out in Spain in year 2021–2022, and to analyze whether they are in line with best practice recommendations. A descriptive study was carried out, considering organization territorial called Autonomous Communities as the unit of study, through key informants identified by purposive sampling. The variables used were based on international recommendations and the information was collected via a telephone questionnaire, by e-mail or by consulting websites referenced by the key informant. Fifteen of 17 Autonomous Communities had sexuality education interventions. Most were programs and only three had optional curricular subjects. Ninety-four percent were aimed at secondary school and were taught by teachers (72 %). Only one program had an impact evaluation and only 28 % complied with best practice recommendations. The voluntary or optional nature of the interventions reduces their scope, which is usually limited to secondary school students. It is necessary to implement mandatory curricular subjects, with a focus on sexual rights and gender.

Objetivo: Valorar postural, articular y muscularmente la salud lumbar de una muestra de mujeres adolescentes y medir su mejora tras la llevar a cabo un programa preventivo. Metodología: Se diseñaron una serie de ejercicios para su aplicación en la vuelta a la calma de las sesiones de Educación Física durante cuatro semanas, centrados en el desarrollo muscular lumbar, y la estabilidad y alineación raquídea. Resultados: Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas entre test y retest, en dos ítems de alineación del raquis (p < .05), pero no reportan cambios en las pruebas de estabilización raquídea y la electromiografía (p = .47). Los datos de regresión en caso de continuar la aplicación del programa indican tendencia a la mejora en esta variable. Conclusiones: La conclusión principal es resaltar la importancia de aplicar diferentes pruebas de evaluación que permitan detectar anomalías posturales y la necesidad de adoptar hábitos preventivos centrados en la práctica continuada de ejercicio físico. Palabras clave: Dolor lumbar, postura, activación muscular, adolescentes. Abstract. Objective: To assess postural, joint and muscular lowback health in a sample of adolescent women and to measure their improvement after carrying out a preventive programme. Methodology: A series of exercises were designed to be applied in the return to calm during the Physical Education sessions for four weeks, focusing on lumbar muscle development, and spinal stability and alignment. Results: The results show significant differences between test and retest in two spine alignment items (p < .05), but no changes in spine stabilisation tests and electromyography (p = .47). Regression data in case of continued application of the programme indicate a trend towards improvement in this variable. Conclusions: The main conclusion is to highlight the importance of applying different assessment tests to detect postural abnormalities and the need to adopt preventive habits focused on the continued practice of physical exercise. Key words: Low-back pain, posture, muscle activation, adolescents.

Abstract Cisplatin-based chemotherapy has associated clinical disadvantages, such as high toxicity and resistance. Thus, the development of new antitumor metallodrugs able to overcome different clinical barriers is a public healthcare priority. Here, we studied the mechanism of action of the isomers trans and cis-[PtI2(isopropylamine)2] (I5 and I6, respectively) against gastrointestinal cancer cells. We demonstrate that I5 and I6 modulate mitochondrial metabolism, decreasing OXPHOS activity and negatively affecting ATP-linked oxygen consumption rate. Consequently, I5 and I6 generated Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), provoking oxidative damage and eventually the induction of senescence. Thus, herein we propose a loop with three interconnected processes modulated by these iodido agents: (i) mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic disruptions; (ii) ROS generation and oxidative damage; and (iii) cellular senescence. Functionally, I5 reduces cancer cell clonogenicity and tumor growth in a pancreatic xenograft model without systemic toxicity, highlighting a potential anticancer complex that warrants additional pre-clinical studies.

Abstract Through GWAS studies we identified PATJ associated with functional outcome after ischemic stroke (IS). The aim of this study was to determine PATJ role in brain endothelial cells (ECs) in the context of stroke outcome. PATJ expression analyses in patient’s blood revealed that: (i) the risk allele of rs76221407 induces higher expression of PATJ, (ii) PATJ is downregulated 24 h after IS, and (iii) its expression is significantly lower in those patients with functional independence, measured at 3 months with the modified Rankin scale ((mRS) ≤2), compared to those patients with marked disability (mRS = 4–5). In mice brains, PATJ was also downregulated in the injured hemisphere at 48 h after ischemia. Oxygen-glucose deprivation and hypoxia-dependent of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1α also caused PATJ depletion in ECs. To study the effects of PATJ downregulation, we generated PATJ-knockdown human microvascular ECs. Their transcriptomic profile evidenced a complex cell reprogramming involving Notch, TGF-ß, PI3K/Akt, and Hippo signaling that translates in morphological and functional changes compatible with endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT). PATJ depletion caused loss of cell-cell adhesion, upregulation of metalloproteases, actin cytoskeleton remodeling, cytoplasmic accumulation of the signal transducer C-terminal transmembrane Mucin 1 (MUC1-C) and downregulation of Notch and Hippo signaling. The EndMT phenotype of PATJ-depleted cells was associated with the nuclear recruitment of MUC1-C, YAP/TAZ, β-catenin, and ZEB1. Our results suggest that PATJ downregulation 24 h after IS promotes EndMT, an initial step prior to secondary activation of a pro-angiogenic program. This effect is associated with functional independence suggesting that activation of EndMT shortly after stroke onset is beneficial for stroke recovery.

Abstract Background Previous studies by our group have shown that oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is the main pathway by which pancreatic cancer stem cells (CSCs) meet their energetic requirements; therefore, OXPHOS represents an Achille’s heel of these highly tumorigenic cells. Unfortunately, therapies that target OXPHOS in CSCs are lacking. Methods The safety and anti-CSC activity of a ruthenium complex featuring bipyridine and terpyridine ligands and one coordination labile position (Ru1) were evaluated across primary pancreatic cancer cultures and in vivo, using 8 patient-derived xenografts (PDXs). RNAseq analysis followed by mitochondria-specific molecular assays were used to determine the mechanism of action. Results We show that Ru1 is capable of inhibiting CSC OXPHOS function in vitro, and more importantly, it presents excellent anti-cancer activity, with low toxicity, across a large panel of human pancreatic PDXs, as well as in colorectal cancer and osteosarcoma PDXs. Mechanistic studies suggest that this activity stems from Ru1 binding to the D-loop region of the mitochondrial DNA of CSCs, inhibiting OXPHOS complex-associated transcription, leading to reduced mitochondrial oxygen consumption, membrane potential, and ATP production, all of which are necessary for CSCs, which heavily depend on mitochondrial respiration. Conclusions Overall, the coordination complex Ru1 represents not only an exciting new anti-cancer agent, but also a molecular tool to dissect the role of OXPHOS in CSCs. Results indicating that the compound is safe, non-toxic and highly effective in vivo are extremely exciting, and have allowed us to uncover unprecedented mechanistic possibilities to fight different cancer types based on targeting CSC OXPHOS.

Background: The proper development of balance is essential in the acquisition of a correct physical condition, as well as in the evolutionary follow-up at early ages, and its periodic evaluation is very relevant in the educational environment. Objectives: The objective of this research was to design an accessible web application for static and dynamic balance assessment, based on a force platform and motion analysis software. Methods: The Single leg balance test (SLB), Tandem balance test (TBT), and Y balance test (YBT) were performed on a sample of 75 children aged 6 to 9 years. Results: The results show that static balance is more complex at an older age, greater standing height, and with eyes closed (p < 0.001). Regarding the center of pressure (COP), its variability was greater in girls owing to a lower Total Force (TF) at the time of the test (p < 0.05). Parallel observation with the Kinovea software has made it possible to elaborate a scale from 1 to 10 points for integration into an open-access web application (IMEP) to assess static and dynamic balance. Conclusions: The creation of an ad hoc application for primary school teachers and students has been possible by using validated devices obtaining a rating scale, which facilitate the monitoring of students’ functional evolution and offers the possibility of scheduling physical education sessions with a preventive approach as well as a focus on improving physical condition.

With the rationale that the oxidative potential of particulate matter (PM-OP) may induce oxidative stress and inflammation, we conducted the ASTHMA-FENOP study in which 44 asthmatic patients and 37 matched controls wore a personal sampler for 24 h, allowing the collection of fine and coarse PM fractions separately, to determine PM-OP by the dithiothreitol (DTT) and ascorbic acid (AA) methods. The levels of Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and the IL-6/IL-10 ratio, as indicators of pro- and anti-inflammatory statuses, were determined by calculating the mean differences (MDs), odds ratios (ORs) and p-trends adjusted for sex, age, study level and body mass index. Positive associations for IL-6 levels in the form of adjusted MDs and ORs were obtained for all PM-OP metrics, reaching statistical significance for both OP-DTT and OP-AA in the fine fraction, with adjusted OR = 5.66; 95%CI (1.46 to 21.92) and 3.32; 95%CI (1.07 to 10.35), respectively, along with statistically significant dose–response patterns when restricting to asthma and adjusted also for clinical variables (adjusted p-trend = 0.029 and 0.01). Similar or stronger associations and dose–response patterns were found for the IL-6/IL-10 ratio. In conclusion, our findings on the effect of PM-OP on systemic inflammation support that asthma is a heterogeneous disease at the molecular level, with PM-OP potentially playing an important role.

Objective: To describe the relationship between bilateral electrical activity in the biceps femoris and the variation of triaxial acceleration in three 50 m sprints. Methods: Biceps femoris muscle activation and acceleration in the anterior–posterior, mediolateral, and superior–inferior axes were measured in three 50 m sprints in nine national-level sprinters. Results: There was significant asymmetry between both legs, and the variations between axes were significant between the anterior–posterior with respect to the lateral and superior–inferior, and between the lateral and superior–inferior (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Increased biceps femoris activation during running increases speed regardless of asymmetry in force application. In the maintenance of horizontal velocity, acceleration of the anterior–posterior axis is the most relevant and depends on the flexion-extension muscle actions contained in the lateral axis.

An experimental theater commissions a comic book artist to design a building. After securing funding and gaining community support with his proposal, the project has to be developed with an architectural studio. Through a narrative exploring the tension and negotiations between the initial design and its spatial execution, this article delves into authorship and the design processes in architecture, offering insights into an unexpectedly yet successful interdisciplinary collaboration.

Un teatro experimental encarga a un artista de cómics el diseño de un edificio. Tras asegurar financiamiento y obtener el respaldo de la comunidad con su propuesta, el proyecto debe ser desarrollado con una oficina de arquitectura. A través de una narrativa que explora la tensión y las negociaciones entre el diseño inicial y su ejecución espacial, este artículo profundiza en la autoría y los procesos de diseño en arquitectura, ofreciendo perspectivas sobre una colaboración interdisciplinaria inesperadamente exitosa.

Abstract Social science unveils new ways of engaging communities in science. However, it has not yet been analysed how dialogic scientific gatherings (DSGs), a community science action, involve communities to benefit from the research on two sustainable development goals: quality education and gender equality. Within the framework of the EU H2020-funded project “ALLINTERACT Widening and diversifying citizen engagement in science” (Flecha and ALLINTERACT Consortium, 2020), the DSGs on evidence in preventing violence and gender violence through education have been replicated to engage a group of 10 mothers from a low-middle socioeconomic background whose children attend the same neighbourhood school and two teachers. The participants’ perception of the DSGs’ replicability has been studied through focus groups. The first one was a pretest FG aimed at collecting the previous perceptions of the participants about their awareness of the scientific research benefits and impact and their previous engagement in science. The second round was a posttest FG after participating in the DSGs, which consisted of 11 sessions in which participants selected scientific articles to read and discuss together. The posttest FG explores changes in participants’ perception regarding the topics discussed in the first round and analyses how the replicability of the DSGs aimed at community participation in science developed. The main findings show that after participating in the DSGs, participants reported more awareness related to scientific research benefits and impact, increased involvement in science, greater understanding of the social impact of scientific evidence in preventing violence and gender violence through education, and more engagement in social issues for the improvement of their community. The implications for the replicability of DSGs as community science action are as follows: 1) The topics to be read must be based on the participants’ interests, and 2) the dialogical functioning criteria must be ensured.

OBJECTIVE Our study aims to extend the previous research and compare two diagnostic methods performed on the ulnar nerve to validate the use of the ulnar goniometer in electromyographic diagnostic practice. Comparing the electroneurographic method, obtained through conduction velocity (CV) studies with ultrasound of the ulnar nerve in the area above the elbow and at the wrist, we aim to quantify the reliability of the ulnar goniometer compared to the diagnostic method ultrasound of the nerve. MATERIALS AND METHODS The operator examined with the use of the Ulnar Goniometer, detecting the wrist-below-elbow motor conduction speed and the above-elbow speed (AE), below-elbow speed (BE) and subsequently performed an ultrasound examination of the ulnar nerve in the forearm and elbow. We calculated the degree of homogeneity between measurements. RESULTS Evaluating 30 participants of both genders with typical paresthetic symptoms of ulnar nerve compression at the elbow, 100% of the measurements show that a decrease in Motor Conduction Velocity (MCV) below 50 m/s is associated with an increase in Cross-Sectional Area (CSA). Additionally, in 89% of cases, a reduction in MCV wBE and BEAE by more than 10 m/s is correlated with an increase in CSA. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The measurement of the angle below the elbow (BE) and above the elbow (AE) using the Ulnar Goniometer provides us with a slowed Motor Conduction Velocity (MCV) that is by ultrasound data showing an increase in the Cross-Sectional Area (CSA) of the ulnar nerve in that segment, as observed in Cubital Tunnel Syndrome (CTS).

Obbiettivo Il nostro studio mira a estendere la ricerca precedente e confrontare due metodi diagnostici eseguiti sul nervo ulnare per convalidare l'uso del goniometro ulnare nella pratica elettromiografica come strumento ausiliario diagnostico. Confrontando il metodo elettro-neurografico, ottenuto attraverso studi sulla velocità di conduzione (VC), con l'ecografia del nervo ulnare al canale cubitale e in corrispondenza del terzo medio dell’avambraccio, miriamo a quantificare l'affidabilità del goniometro ulnare rispetto al metodo diagnostico dell'ecografia del nervo. Materiali E Metodi l'operatore ha eseguito l'esame con l'uso del Goniometro Ulnare, rilevando la velocità di conduzione motoria dal polso al gomito e la velocità sopra il gomito (AE), sotto il gomito (BE) e successivamente ha eseguito l'ecografia del nervo ulnare nell'avambraccio e nel gomito. Abbiamo calcolato il grado di omogeneità tra le misurazioni. Risultati Valutando 30 partecipanti di entrambi i sessi con sintomi parestesici tipici di compressione del nervo ulnare al gomito, Il 100% delle misurazioni mostra che una diminuzione di MCV al di sotto di 50 m/s è associata a un aumento di CSA. Inoltre, nell'89% dei casi, una riduzione di MCV wBE e BEAE di più di 10 m/s è correlata a un aumento di CSA. Discussione e Conclusioni La misurazione dell'angolo sotto il gomito (BE) e sopra il gomito (AE) utilizzando il Goniometro Ulnare ci fornisce una Velocità di Conduzione Motoria (MCV) rallentata che è in accordo con i dati ecografici che mostrano un aumento della cosiddetta Cross Sectional Area (CSA) ossia la sezione trasversale misurata in mm2 del nervo ulnare in quel segmento, come accade nella Sindrome del Tunnel Cubitale (CTS).

Disponer de instrumentos fiables y válidos para conocer los valores en los deportes resulta clave como base para promover una práctica con sentido ético. El estudio recogido en este artículo tuvo como finalidad delimitar la validez de constructo y la fiabilidad del Cuestionario sobre Valores en Deportes de Equipo con profesorado de Educación Física en formación dentro del ámbito de México. Tomando como base la versión preliminar de dicho cuestionario, se administró a una muestra integrada por 1064 estudiantes de la Licenciatura en Educación Física. El análisis de componentes principales con rotación Varimax, utilizado para delimitar la validez de constructo llevó a determinar 26 valores explícitos en deportes de colaboración-oposición. En lo que atañe a la fiabilidad, el coeficiente α de Cronbach ofreció un resultado excelente (.983). El estudio arrojó la presencia de cuatro factores: Respeto a las reglas, Actuación prosocial, Éxito personal y de equipo, y Desarrollo y realización personal. Estos resultados ofrecen cualidades psicométricas que permite aproximarse científicamente al conocimiento de los sistemas de valores de las personas participantes en deportes de colaboración-oposición que orientan su formación hacia el ámbito específico de Educación Física. Palabras clave: Educación Física, Cuestionario, Valores, Deportes de equipo, Colaboración-oposición. Abstract. Having reliable and valid instruments to know the values in sports is key as a basis for promoting a practice with an ethical sense. The purpose of this study was to delimit the construct validity and reliability of the Questionnaire on Values in Team Sports with Physical Education teachers in training in Mexico. Based on the preliminary version of this questionnaire, it was administered to a sample of 1064 students of the Bachelor's Degree in Physical Education. Principal component factor analysis with Varimax rotation, used to delimit construct validity, led to the determination of 26 explicit values in collaboration-opposition sports. In terms of reliability, Cronbach's α coefficient gave an excellent result (.983). The study showed the presence of four factors: Respect for rules, Prosocial behavior, Personal and team success, and Personal development and fulfillment. These results offer psychometric qualities that allow us to scientifically approach the knowledge of the value systems of the people participating in collaboration-opposition sports that orient their training towards the specific field of Physical Education. Keywords: Physical Education, Questionnaire, Values, Team Sports, Collaboration-Opposition.