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1. A Detection of Cosmological 21 cm Emission from CHIME in Cross-correlation with eBOSS Measurements of the Lyα Forest

Author

Mandana Amiri, Kevin Bandura, Arnab Chakraborty, Matt Dobbs, Mateus Fandino, Simon Foreman, Hyoyin Gan, Mark Halpern, Alex S. Hill, Gary Hinshaw, Carolin Höfer, T. L. Landecker, Zack Li, Joshua MacEachern, Kiyoshi Masui, Juan Mena-Parra, Nikola Milutinovic, Arash Mirhosseini, Laura Newburgh, Anna Ordog, Sourabh Paul, Ue-Li Pen, Tristan Pinsonneault-Marotte, Alex Reda, J. Richard Shaw, Seth R. Siegel, Keith Vanderlinde, Haochen Wang, D. V. Wiebe, Dallas Wulf, and The CHIME Collaboration

Subjects
Cosmology, H I line emission, Lyα forest, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract

We report the detection of 21 cm emission at an average redshift $\bar{z}=2.3$ in the cross-correlation of data from the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) with measurements of the Ly α forest from eBOSS. Data collected by CHIME over 88 days in the 400–500 MHz frequency band (1.8 < z < 2.5) are formed into maps of the sky and high-pass delay filtered to suppress the foreground power, corresponding to removing cosmological scales with k _∥ ≲ 0.13 Mpc ^−1 at the average redshift. Line-of-sight spectra to the eBOSS background quasar locations are extracted from the CHIME maps and combined with the Ly α forest flux transmission spectra to estimate the 21 cm–Ly α cross-correlation function. Fitting a simulation-derived template function to this measurement results in a 9 σ detection significance. The coherent accumulation of the signal through cross-correlation is sufficient to enable a detection despite excess variance from foreground residuals ∼6–10 times brighter than the expected thermal noise level in the correlation function. These results are the highest-redshift measurement of 21 cm emission to date, and they set the stage for future 21 cm intensity mapping analyses at z > 1.8.

Published
2024
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2. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR6 Gravitational Lensing Map and Cosmological Parameters

Author

Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Frank J. Qu, Blake D. Sherwin, Niall MacCrann, Yaqiong Li, Irene Abril-Cabezas, Peter A. R. Ade, Simone Aiola, Tommy Alford, Mandana Amiri, Stefania Amodeo, Rui An, Zachary Atkins, Jason E. Austermann, Nicholas Battaglia, Elia Stefano Battistelli, James A. Beall, Rachel Bean, Benjamin Beringue, Tanay Bhandarkar, Emily Biermann, Boris Bolliet, J Richard Bond, Hongbo Cai, Erminia Calabrese, Victoria Calafut, Valentina Capalbo, Felipe Carrero, Anthony Challinor, Grace E. Chesmore, Hsiao-mei Cho, Steve K. Choi, Susan E. Clark, Rodrigo Córdova Rosado, Nicholas F. Cothard, Kevin Coughlin, William Coulton, Kevin T. Crowley, Roohi Dalal, Omar Darwish, Mark J. Devlin, Simon Dicker, Peter Doze, Cody J. Duell, Shannon M. Duff, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Jo Dunkley, Rolando Dünner, Valentina Fanfani, Max Fankhanel, Gerrit Farren, Simone Ferraro, Rodrigo Freundt, Brittany Fuzia, Patricio A. Gallardo, Xavier Garrido, Jahmour Givans, Vera Gluscevic, Joseph E. Golec, Yilun Guan, Kirsten R. Hall, Mark Halpern, Dongwon Han, Ian Harrison, Matthew Hasselfield, Erin Healy, Shawn Henderson, Brandon Hensley, Carlos Hervías-Caimapo, J. Colin Hill, Gene C. Hilton, Matt Hilton, Adam D. Hincks, Renée Hložek, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, Zachary B. Huber, Johannes Hubmayr, Kevin M. Huffenberger, John P. Hughes, Kent Irwin, Giovanni Isopi, Hidde T. Jense, Ben Keller, Joshua Kim, Kenda Knowles, Brian J. Koopman, Arthur Kosowsky, Darby Kramer, Aleksandra Kusiak, Adrien La Posta, Alex Lague, Victoria Lakey, Eunseong Lee, Zack Li, Michele Limon, Martine Lokken, Thibaut Louis, Marius Lungu, Amanda MacInnis, Diego Maldonado, Felipe Maldonado, Maya Mallaby-Kay, Gabriela A. Marques, Jeff McMahon, Yogesh Mehta, Felipe Menanteau, Kavilan Moodley, Thomas W. Morris, Tony Mroczkowski, Sigurd Naess, Toshiya Namikawa, Federico Nati, Laura Newburgh, Andrina Nicola, Michael D. Niemack, Michael R. Nolta, John Orlowski-Scherer, Lyman A. Page, Shivam Pandey, Bruce Partridge, Heather Prince, Roberto Puddu, Federico Radiconi, Naomi Robertson, Felipe Rojas, Tai Sakuma, Maria Salatino, Emmanuel Schaan, Benjamin L. Schmitt, Neelima Sehgal, Shabbir Shaikh, Carlos Sierra, Jon Sievers, Cristóbal Sifón, Sara Simon, Rita Sonka, David N. Spergel, Suzanne T. Staggs, Emilie Storer, Eric R. Switzer, Niklas Tampier, Robert Thornton, Hy Trac, Jesse Treu, Carole Tucker, Joel Ullom, Leila R. Vale, Alexander Van Engelen, Jeff Van Lanen, Joshiwa van Marrewijk, Cristian Vargas, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Kasey Wagoner, Yuhan Wang, Lukas Wenzl, Edward J. Wollack, Zhilei Xu, Fernando Zago, and Kaiwen Zheng

Subjects
Cosmology, Observational cosmology, Cosmic microwave background radiation, Large-scale structure of the universe, Cosmological neutrinos, Particle astrophysics, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract

We present cosmological constraints from a gravitational lensing mass map covering 9400 deg ^2 reconstructed from measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) made by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) from 2017 to 2021. In combination with measurements of baryon acoustic oscillations and big bang nucleosynthesis, we obtain the clustering amplitude σ _8 = 0.819 ± 0.015 at 1.8% precision, ${S}_{8}\equiv {\sigma }_{8}{({{\rm{\Omega }}}_{{\rm{m}}}/0.3)}^{0.5}=0.840\pm 0.028$ , and the Hubble constant H _0 = (68.3 ± 1.1) km s ^−1 Mpc ^−1 at 1.6% precision. A joint constraint with Planck CMB lensing yields σ _8 = 0.812 ± 0.013, ${S}_{8}\equiv {\sigma }_{8}{({{\rm{\Omega }}}_{{\rm{m}}}/0.3)}^{0.5}=0.831\pm 0.023$ , and H _0 = (68.1 ± 1.0) km s ^−1 Mpc ^−1 . These measurements agree with ΛCDM extrapolations from the CMB anisotropies measured by Planck. We revisit constraints from the KiDS, DES, and HSC galaxy surveys with a uniform set of assumptions and find that S _8 from all three are lower than that from ACT+Planck lensing by levels ranging from 1.7 σ to 2.1 σ . This motivates further measurements and comparison, not just between the CMB anisotropies and galaxy lensing but also between CMB lensing probing z ∼ 0.5–5 on mostly linear scales and galaxy lensing at z ∼ 0.5 on smaller scales. We combine with CMB anisotropies to constrain extensions of ΛCDM, limiting neutrino masses to ∑ m _ν < 0.13 eV (95% c.l.), for example. We describe the mass map and related data products that will enable a wide array of cross-correlation science. Our results provide independent confirmation that the universe is spatially flat, conforms with general relativity, and is described remarkably well by the ΛCDM model, while paving a promising path for neutrino physics with lensing from upcoming ground-based CMB surveys.

Published
2024
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3. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Measurement of the DR6 CMB Lensing Power Spectrum and Its Implications for Structure Growth

Author

Frank J. Qu, Blake D. Sherwin, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Dongwon Han, Kevin T. Crowley, Irene Abril-Cabezas, Peter A. R. Ade, Simone Aiola, Tommy Alford, Mandana Amiri, Stefania Amodeo, Rui An, Zachary Atkins, Jason E. Austermann, Nicholas Battaglia, Elia Stefano Battistelli, James A. Beall, Rachel Bean, Benjamin Beringue, Tanay Bhandarkar, Emily Biermann, Boris Bolliet, J Richard Bond, Hongbo Cai, Erminia Calabrese, Victoria Calafut, Valentina Capalbo, Felipe Carrero, Julien Carron, Anthony Challinor, Grace E. Chesmore, Hsiao-mei Cho, Steve K. Choi, Susan E. Clark, Rodrigo Córdova Rosado, Nicholas F. Cothard, Kevin Coughlin, William Coulton, Roohi Dalal, Omar Darwish, Mark J. Devlin, Simon Dicker, Peter Doze, Cody J. Duell, Shannon M. Duff, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Jo Dunkley, Rolando Dünner, Valentina Fanfani, Max Fankhanel, Gerrit Farren, Simone Ferraro, Rodrigo Freundt, Brittany Fuzia, Patricio A. Gallardo, Xavier Garrido, Vera Gluscevic, Joseph E. Golec, Yilun Guan, Mark Halpern, Ian Harrison, Matthew Hasselfield, Erin Healy, Shawn Henderson, Brandon Hensley, Carlos Hervías-Caimapo, J. Colin Hill, Gene C. Hilton, Matt Hilton, Adam D. Hincks, Renée Hložek, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, Zachary B. Huber, Johannes Hubmayr, Kevin M. Huffenberger, John P. Hughes, Kent Irwin, Giovanni Isopi, Hidde T. Jense, Ben Keller, Joshua Kim, Kenda Knowles, Brian J. Koopman, Arthur Kosowsky, Darby Kramer, Aleksandra Kusiak, Adrien La Posta, Alex Lague, Victoria Lakey, Eunseong Lee, Zack Li, Yaqiong Li, Michele Limon, Martine Lokken, Thibaut Louis, Marius Lungu, Niall MacCrann, Amanda MacInnis, Diego Maldonado, Felipe Maldonado, Maya Mallaby-Kay, Gabriela A. Marques, Jeff McMahon, Yogesh Mehta, Felipe Menanteau, Kavilan Moodley, Thomas W. Morris, Tony Mroczkowski, Sigurd Naess, Toshiya Namikawa, Federico Nati, Laura Newburgh, Andrina Nicola, Michael D. Niemack, Michael R. Nolta, John Orlowski-Scherer, Lyman A. Page, Shivam Pandey, Bruce Partridge, Heather Prince, Roberto Puddu, Federico Radiconi, Naomi Robertson, Felipe Rojas, Tai Sakuma, Maria Salatino, Emmanuel Schaan, Benjamin L. Schmitt, Neelima Sehgal, Shabbir Shaikh, Carlos Sierra, Jon Sievers, Cristóbal Sifón, Sara Simon, Rita Sonka, David N. Spergel, Suzanne T. Staggs, Emilie Storer, Eric R. Switzer, Niklas Tampier, Robert Thornton, Hy Trac, Jesse Treu, Carole Tucker, Joel Ullom, Leila R. Vale, Alexander Van Engelen, Jeff Van Lanen, Joshiwa van Marrewijk, Cristian Vargas, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Kasey Wagoner, Yuhan Wang, Lukas Wenzl, Edward J. Wollack, Zhilei Xu, Fernando Zago, and Kaiwen Zheng

Subjects
Cosmological parameters, Cosmological parameters from large-scale structure, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract

We present new measurements of cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing over 9400 deg ^2 of the sky. These lensing measurements are derived from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) Data Release 6 (DR6) CMB data set, which consists of five seasons of ACT CMB temperature and polarization observations. We determine the amplitude of the CMB lensing power spectrum at 2.3% precision (43 σ significance) using a novel pipeline that minimizes sensitivity to foregrounds and to noise properties. To ensure that our results are robust, we analyze an extensive set of null tests, consistency tests, and systematic error estimates and employ a blinded analysis framework. Our CMB lensing power spectrum measurement provides constraints on the amplitude of cosmic structure that do not depend on Planck or galaxy survey data, thus giving independent information about large-scale structure growth and potential tensions in structure measurements. The baseline spectrum is well fit by a lensing amplitude of A _lens = 1.013 ± 0.023 relative to the Planck 2018 CMB power spectra best-fit ΛCDM model and A _lens = 1.005 ± 0.023 relative to the ACT DR4 + WMAP best-fit model. From our lensing power spectrum measurement, we derive constraints on the parameter combination ${S}_{8}^{\mathrm{CMBL}}\equiv {\sigma }_{8}{\left({{\rm{\Omega }}}_{m}/0.3\right)}^{0.25}$ of ${S}_{8}^{\mathrm{CMBL}}=0.818\pm 0.022$ from ACT DR6 CMB lensing alone and ${S}_{8}^{\mathrm{CMBL}}=0.813\pm 0.018$ when combining ACT DR6 and Planck NPIPE CMB lensing power spectra. These results are in excellent agreement with ΛCDM model constraints from Planck or ACT DR4 + WMAP CMB power spectrum measurements. Our lensing measurements from redshifts z ∼ 0.5–5 are thus fully consistent with ΛCDM structure growth predictions based on CMB anisotropies probing primarily z ∼ 1100. We find no evidence for a suppression of the amplitude of cosmic structure at low redshifts.

Published
2024
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4. Erratum: 'The First CHIME/FRB Fast Radio Burst Catalog' (2021, ApJS, 257, 59)

Author

The CHIME/FRB Collaboration, Mandana Amiri, Bridget C. Andersen, Kevin Bandura, Sabrina Berger, Mohit Bhardwaj, Michelle M. Boyce, P. J. Boyle, Charanjot Brar, Daniela Breitman, Tomas Cassanelli, Pragya Chawla, Tianyue Chen, J.-F. Cliche, Amanda Cook, Davor Cubranic, Alice P. Curtin, Meiling Deng, Matt Dobbs, Fengqiu (Adam) Dong, Gwendolyn Eadie, Mateus Fandino, Emmanuel Fonseca, B. M. Gaensler, Utkarsh Giri, Deborah C. Good, Mark Halpern, Alex S. Hill, Gary Hinshaw, Alexander Josephy, Jane F. Kaczmarek, Zarif Kader, Joseph W. Kania, Victoria M. Kaspi, T. L. Landecker, Dustin Lang, Calvin Leung, Dongzi Li, Hsiu-Hsien Lin, Kiyoshi W. Masui, Ryan Mckinven, Juan Mena-Parra, Marcus Merryfield, Bradley W. Meyers, Daniele Michilli, Nikola Milutinovic, Arash Mirhosseini, Moritz Münchmeyer, Arun Naidu, Laura Newburgh, Cherry Ng, Chitrang Patel, Ue-Li Pen, Emily Petroff, Tristan Pinsonneault-Marotte, Ziggy Pleunis, Masoud Rafiei-Ravandi, Mubdi Rahman, Scott M. Ransom, Andre Renard, Pranav Sanghavi, Paul Scholz, J. Richard Shaw, Kaitlyn Shin, Seth R. Siegel, Andrew E. Sikora, Saurabh Singh, Kendrick M. Smith, Ingrid Stairs, Chia Min Tan, S. P. Tendulkar, Keith Vanderlinde, Haochen Wang, Dallas Wulf, and A. V. Zwaniga

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466
Published
2023
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5. Detection of Cosmological 21 cm Emission with the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment

Author

The CHIME Collaboration, Mandana Amiri, Kevin Bandura, Tianyue Chen, Meiling Deng, Matt Dobbs, Mateus Fandino, Simon Foreman, Mark Halpern, Alex S. Hill, Gary Hinshaw, Carolin Höfer, Joseph Kania, T. L. Landecker, Joshua MacEachern, Kiyoshi Masui, Juan Mena-Parra, Nikola Milutinovic, Arash Mirhosseini, Laura Newburgh, Anna Ordog, Ue-Li Pen, Tristan Pinsonneault-Marotte, Ava Polzin, Alex Reda, Andre Renard, J. Richard Shaw, Seth R. Siegel, Saurabh Singh, Keith Vanderlinde, Haochen Wang, Donald V. Wiebe, and Dallas Wulf

Subjects
Cosmology, Large-scale structure of the universe, H I line emission, Quasars, Emission line galaxies, Astrophysics, QB460-466
Abstract

We present a detection of 21 cm emission from large-scale structure (LSS) between redshift 0.78 and 1.43 made with the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment. Radio observations acquired over 102 nights are used to construct maps that are foreground filtered and stacked on the angular and spectral locations of luminous red galaxies (LRGs), emission-line galaxies (ELGs), and quasars (QSOs) from the eBOSS clustering catalogs. We find decisive evidence for a detection when stacking on all three tracers of LSS, with the logarithm of the Bayes factor equal to 18.9 (LRG), 10.8 (ELG), and 56.3 (QSO). An alternative frequentist interpretation, based on the likelihood ratio test, yields a detection significance of 7.1 σ (LRG), 5.7 σ (ELG), and 11.1 σ (QSO). These are the first 21 cm intensity mapping measurements made with an interferometer. We constrain the effective clustering amplitude of neutral hydrogen (H i ), defined as ${{ \mathcal A }}_{{\rm{H}}\,{\rm\small{I}}}\equiv {10}^{3}\,{{\rm{\Omega }}}_{{\rm{H}}\,{\rm\small{I}}}\left({b}_{{\rm{H}}\,{\rm\small{I}}}+\langle \,f{\mu }^{2}\rangle \right)$ , where Ω _H _i is the cosmic abundance of H i , b _H _i is the linear bias of H i , and 〈 f μ ^2 〉 = 0.552 encodes the effect of redshift-space distortions at linear order. We find ${{ \mathcal A }}_{{\rm{H}}\,{\rm\small{I}}}={1.51}_{-0.97}^{+3.60}$ for LRGs ( z = 0.84), ${{ \mathcal A }}_{{\rm{H}}\,{\rm\small{I}}}={6.76}_{-3.79}^{+9.04}$ for ELGs ( z = 0.96), and ${{ \mathcal A }}_{{\rm{H}}\,{\rm\small{I}}}={1.68}_{-0.67}^{+1.10}$ for QSOs ( z = 1.20), with constraints limited by modeling uncertainties at nonlinear scales. We are also sensitive to bias in the spectroscopic redshifts of each tracer, and we find a nonzero bias Δ v = − 66 ± 20 km s ^−1 for the QSOs. We split the QSO catalog into three redshift bins and have a decisive detection in each, with the upper bin at z = 1.30 producing the highest-redshift 21 cm intensity mapping measurement thus far.

Published
2023
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6. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: DR4 maps and cosmological parameters

Author

Simone Aiola, Erminia Calabrese, Loic Maurin, Sigurd Naess, Benjamin L. Schmitt, Maximilian H. Abitbol, Graeme E. Addison, Peter A. R. Ade, David Alonso, Mandana Amiri, Stefania Amodeo, Elio Angile, Jason E. Austermann, Taylor Baildon, Nick Battaglia, James A. Beall, Rachel Bean, Daniel T. Becker, J Richard Bond, Sarah Marie Bruno, Victoria Calafut, Luis E. Campusano, Felipe Carrero, Grace E. Chesmore, Hsiao-mei Cho, Steve K. Choi, Susan E. Clark, Nicholas F. Cothard, Devin Crichton, Kevin T. Crowley, Omar Darwish, Rahul Datta, Edward V. Denison, Mark J. Devlin, Cody J. Duell, Shannon M. Duff, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Jo Dunkley, Rolando Dunner, Thomas Essinger-Hileman, Max Fankhanel, Simone Ferraro, Anna E. Fox, Brittany Fuzia, Patricio A. Gallardo, Vera Gluscevic, Joseph E. Golec, Emily Grace, Megan Gralla, Yilun Guan, 8 Mark Halpern, Dongwon Han, Peter Hargrave, Matthew Hasselfield, Jakob M. Helton, Shawn Henderson, Brandon Hensley, J. Colin Hill, Gene C. Hilton, Matt Hilton, Adam D. Hincks, Renee Hlozek, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, Johannes Hubmayr, Kevin M. Huffenberger, John P. Hughes, Leopoldo Infante, Kent Irwin, Rebecca Jackson, Jeff Klein, Kenda Knowles, Brian Koopman, Arthur Kosowsky, Vincent Lakey, Dale Li, Yaqiong Li, Zack Li, Martine Lokken, Thibaut Louis, Marius Lungu, Amanda MacInnis, Mathew Madhavacheril, Felipe Maldonado, Maya Mallaby-Kay, Danica Marsden, Jeff McMahon, Felipe Menanteau, Kavilan Moodley, Tim Morton, Toshiya Namikawa, Federico Nati, Laura Newburgh, John P. Nibarger, Andrina Nicola, Michael D. Niemack, Michael R. Nolta, John Orlowski-Sherer, Lyman A. Page, Christine G. Pappas, Bruce Partridge, Phumlani Phakathi, Giampaolo Pisano, Heather Prince, Roberto Puddu, Frank J. Qu, Jesus Rivera, Naomi Robertson, Felipe Rojas, Maria Salatino, Emmanuel Schaan, Alessandro Schillaci, Neelima Sehgal, Blake D. Sherwin, Carlos Sierra, Jon Sievers, Cristobal Sifon, Precious Sikhosana, Sara Simon, David N. Spergel, Suzanne T. Staggs, Jason Stevens, Emilie Storer, Dhaneshwar D. Sunder, Eric R. Switzer, Ben Thorne, Robert Thornton, Hy Trac, Jesse Treu, Carole Tucker, Leila R. Vale, Alexander Van Engelen, Jeff Van Lanen, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Kasey Wagoner, Yuhan Wang, Jonathan T. Ward, Edward J Wollack, Zhilei Xu, Fernando Zago, and Ningfeng Zhu

Subjects
Astrophysics, Physics Of Elementary Particles And Fields
Abstract

We present new arcminute-resolution maps of the Cosmic Microwave Background temperature and polarization anisotropy from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope, using data taken from 2013{2016 at 98 and 150 GHz. The maps cover more than 17,000 deg(^2), the deepest 600 deg(^2) with noise levels below 10µK-arcmin. We use the power spectrum derived from almost 6,000 deg(^2) of these maps to constrain cosmology. The ACT data enable a measurement of the angular scale of features in both the divergence-like polarization and the temperature anisotropy, tracing both the velocity and density at last-scattering. From these one can derive the distance to the last-scattering surface and thus infer the local expansion rate, H0. By combining ACT data with large-scale information from WMAP we measure H0 = 67:6±1:1 km/s/Mpc, at 68% confidence, in excellent agreement with the independently measured Planck satellite estimate (from ACT alone we find H0 = 67:9± 1:5 km/s/Mpc). The ΛCDM model provides a good fit to the ACT data, and we find no evidence for deviations: both the spatial curvature, and the departure from the standard lensing signal in the spectrum, are zero to within 1σ; the number of relativistic species, the primordial Helium fraction, and the running of the spectral index are consistent with ΛCDM predictions to within 1.5{2.2σ. We compare ACT, WMAP, and Planck at the parameter level and find good consistency; we investigate how the constraints on the correlated spectral index and baryon density parameters readjust when adding CMB large-scale information that ACT does not measure. The DR4 products presented here will be publicly released on the NASA Legacy Archive for Microwave Background Data Analysis.

Published
2020
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7. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A CMB lensing mass map over 2100 square degrees of sky and its cross-correlation with BOSS-CMASS galaxies

Author

Omar Darwish, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Blake D. Sherwin, Simone Aiola, Nicholas Battaglia, James A. Beall, Daniel T. Becker, J. Richard Bond, Erminia Calabrese, Steve Choi, Mark J. Devlin, Jo Dunkley, Rolando Dunner, Simone Ferraro, Anna E. Fox, Patricio A. Gallardo, Yilun Guan, Mark Halpern, Dongwon Han, Matthew Hasselfield, J. Colin Hill, Gene C. Hilton, Matt Hilton, Adam D. Hincks, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, J. Hubmayr, John P. Hughes, Brian J. Koopman, Arthur Kosowsky, J. Van Lanen, Thibaut Louis, Marius Lungu, Amanda MacInnis, Loic Maurin, Jeffrey McMahon, Kavilan Moodley, Sigurd Naess, Toshiya Namikawa, Laura Newburgh, John P. Nibarger, Micheal D. Niemack, Lyman A. Page, Bruce Partridge, Frank J. Qu, Naomi Robertson, Benjamin Schmitt, Neelima Sehgal, Cristobal Sifon, David N. Spergel, Suzanne Staggs, Emilie Storer, Alexander van Engelen, and Edward J. Wollack

Subjects
Astronomy
Abstract

We construct cosmic microwave background lensing mass maps using data from the 2014 and 2015 seasons of observations with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). These maps cover 2100 square degrees of sky and overlap with a wide variety of optical surveys. The maps are signal dominated on large scales and have fidelity such that their correlation with the cosmic infrared background is clearly visible by eye. We also create lensing maps with thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich contamination removed using a novel cleaning procedure that only slightly degrades the lensing signal-to-noise ratio. The cross-spectrum between the cleaned lensing map and the BOSS CMASS galaxy sample is detected at 10-σ significance, with an amplitude of A = 1.02±0.10 relative to the Planck best-fit LCDM cosmological model with fiducial linear galaxy bias. Our measurement lays the foundation for lensing cross-correlation science with current ACT data and beyond.

Published
2020
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8. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Weighing Distant Clusters with the Most Ancient Light

Author

Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Cristobal Sifon, Nicholas Battaglia, Simone Aiola, Stefania Amodeo, Jason E. Austermann, James A. Beall, Daniel T. Becker, J. Richard Bond, Erminia Calabrese, Steve K. Choi, Edward V. Denison, Mark J Devlin, Simon R. Dicker, Shannon M. Duff, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Jo Dunkley, Rolando Dunner, Simone Ferraro, Patricio A. Gallardo, Yilun Guan, Dongwon Han, J. Colin Hill, Gene C Hilton, Matt Hilton, Johannes Hubmayr, Kevin M. Huffenberger, John P. Hughes, Brian J. Koopman, Arthur Kosowsky, Jeff Van Lanen, Eunseong Lee, Thibaut Louis, Amanda MacInnis, Jeffrey McMahon, Kavilan Moodley, Sigurd Naess, Toshiya Namikawa, Federico Nati, Laura Newburgh, Michael D. Niemack, Lyman A. Page, Bruce Partridge, Frank J. Qu, Naomi C. Robertson, Maria Salatino, Emmanuel Schaan, Alessandro Schillaci, Benjamin L. Schmitt, Neelima Sehgal, Blake D. Sherwin, Sara M. Simon, David N. Spergel, Suzanne Staggs, Emilie R. Storer, Joel N. Ullom, Leila R. Vale, Alexander van Engelen, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Edward J Wollack, and Zhilei Xu

Subjects
Earth Resources And Remote Sensing, Space Sciences (General)
Abstract

We use gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) to measure the mass of the most distant blindly selected sample of galaxy clusters on which a lensing measurement has been performed to date. In CMB data from the the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and the Planck satellite, we detect the stacked lensing effect from 677 near-infrared-selected galaxy clusters from the Massive and Distant Clusters of WISE Survey (MaDCoWS), which have a mean redshift of (z)=1.08. There are currently no representative optical weak lensing measurements of clusters that match the distance and average mass of this sample. We detect the lensing signal with a significance of . We model the signal with a halo model framework to find the mean mass of the population from which these clusters are drawn. Assuming that the clusters follow Navarro–Frenk–White (NFW) density profiles, we infer a mean mass of (M(500c))=(1.7 ± 0.4) x 10^14M(ʘ). We consider systematic uncertainties from cluster redshift errors, centering errors, and the shape of the NFW profile. These are all smaller than 30% of our reported uncertainty. This work highlights the potential of CMB lensing to enable cosmological constraints from the abundance of distant clusters populating ever larger volumes of the observable universe, beyond the capabilities of optical weak lensing measurements.

Published
2020
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9. Assembly and Integration Process of the High-Density Detector Array Readout Modules for the Simons Observatory

Author

Yaqlong Li, Kam Arnold, Zachary Atkins, Sarah Marie Bruno, Nicholas F. Cothard, Bradley Dober, Cody J. Duell, Shannon M. Duff, Patricio A. Gallardo, Erin Healy, Shuay‑Pwu Patty Ho, Johannes Hubmayr, Brian Keating, Adrian T Lee, Aashrita Mangu, Heather McCarrick, Michael D. Niemack, Laura Newburgh, Christopher Raum, Maria Salatino, Trevor Sasse, Maximiliano Silva‑Feaver, Sara M. Simon, Suzanne Staggs, Aritoki Suzuki, Joel Ullom, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Michael R. Vissers, Yuhan Wang, Benjamin Westbrook, Edward J Wollack, Zhilei Xu, Kaiwen Zheng, and Ningfeng Zhu

Subjects
Astronomy, Instrumentation And Photography
Abstract

The Simons Observatory will measure the cosmic microwave background tempera-ture and polarization using a suite of new telescopes in the Atacama Desert in Chile. The Simons Observatory will use dichroic transition edge sensor (TES) bolometer arrays spanning six frequency bands from 27 to 280 GHz. The Simons Observa-tory will pioneer the use of a densely packed multiplexing architecture based on the microwave SQUID multiplexer ( 𝜇mux), housing ∼2000 microwave resonators, each coupled to a TES. The Simons Observatory aims to multiplex each array of ∼2000 detectors with a single pair of coaxial cables and requires a multiplexing factor of ∼1000 . The Simons Observatory cryogenic readout system is called the universal microwave multiplexing module (UMM). The UMM couples to both horn and lenslet-coupled detector arrays and is integrated into the universal focal-plane module (UFM) after being independently characterized. We present processes we have developed for highly repeatable and automated integration methods of UMMs, which will be needed for the production of the 49 UFMs required for the first stage of the Simons Observatory.

Published
2020
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11. The Simons Observatory: science goals andforecasts

Author

Peter Ade, James Aguirre, Zeeshan Ahmed, Simone Aiola, Aamir Ali, David Alonso, Marcelo A. Alvarez, Kam Arnold, Peter Ashton, Jason Austermann, Humna Awan, Carlo Baccigalupi, Taylor Baildon, Darcy Barron, Nick Battaglia, Richard Battye, Eric Baxter, Andrew Bazarko, James A. Beall, Rachel Bean, Dominic Beck, Shawn Beckman, Benjamin Beringue, Federico Bianchini, Steven Boada, David Boettger, J. Richard Bond, Julian Borrill, Michael L. Brown, Sarah Marie Bruno, Sean Bryan, Erminia Calabrese, Victoria Calafut, Paolo Calisse, Julien Carron, Anthony Challinor, Grace Chesmore, Yuji Chinone, Jens Chluba, Hsiao-Mei Sherry Cho, Steve Choi, Gabriele Coppi, Nicholas F. Cothard, Kevin Coughlin, Devin Crichton, Kevin D. Crowley, Kevin T. Crowley, Ari Cukierman, John M. D'Ewart, Rolando Dünner, Tijmen de Haan, Mark Devlin, Simon Dicker, Joy Didier, Matt Dobbs, Bradley Dober, Cody J. Duell, Shannon Duff, Adri Duivenvoorden, Jo Dunkley, John Dusatko, Josquin Errard, Giulio Fabbian, Stephen Feeney, Simone Ferraro, Pedro Fluxà, Katherine Freese, Josef C. Frisch, Andrei Frolov, George Fuller, Brittany Fuzia, Nicholas Galitzki, Patricio A. Gallardo, Jose Tomas Galvez Ghersi, Jiansong Gao, Eric Gawiser, Martina Gerbino, Vera Gluscevic, Neil Goeckner-Wald, Joseph Golec, Sam Gordon, Megan Gralla, Daniel Green, Arpi Grigorian, John Groh, Chris Groppi, Yilun Guan, Jon E. Gudmundsson, Dongwon Han, Peter Hargrave, Masaya Hasegawa, Matthew Hasselfield, Makoto Hattori, Victor Haynes, Masashi Hazumi, Yizhou He, Erin Healy, Shawn W. Henderson, Carlos Hervias-Caimapo, Charles A. Hill, J. Colin Hill, Gene Hilton, Matt Hilton, Adam D. Hincks, Gary Hinshaw, Renée Hložek, Shirley Ho, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, Logan Howe, Zhiqi Huang, Johannes Hubmayr, Kevin Huffenberger, John P. Hughes, Anna Ijjas, Margaret Ikape, Kent Irwin, Andrew H. Jaffe, Bhuvnesh Jain, Oliver Jeong, Daisuke Kaneko, Ethan D. Karpel, Nobuhiko Katayama, Brian Keating, Sarah S. Kernasovskiy, Reijo Keskitalo, Theodore Kisner, Kenji Kiuchi, Jeff Klein, Kenda Knowles, Brian Koopman, Arthur Kosowsky, Nicoletta Krachmalnicoff, Stephen E. Kuenstner, Chao-Lin Kuo, Akito Kusaka, Jacob Lashner, Adrian Lee, Eunseong Lee, David Leon, Jason S.-Y. Leung, Antony Lewis, Yaqiong Li, Zack Li, Michele Limon, Eric Linder, Carlos Lopez-Caraballo, Thibaut Louis, Lindsay Lowry, Marius Lungu, Mathew Madhavacheril, Daisy Mak, Felipe Maldonado, Hamdi Mani, Ben Mates, Frederick Matsuda, Loïc Maurin, Phil Mauskopf, Andrew May, Nialh McCallum, Chris McKenney, Jeff McMahon, P. Daniel Meerburg, Joel Meyers, Amber Miller, Mark Mirmelstein, Kavilan Moodley, Moritz Munchmeyer, Charles Munson, Sigurd Naess, Federico Nati, Martin Navaroli, Laura Newburgh, Ho Nam Nguyen, Michael Niemack, Haruki Nishino, John Orlowski-Scherer, Lyman Page, Bruce Partridge, Julien Peloton, Francesca Perrotta, Lucio Piccirillo, Giampaolo Pisano, Davide Poletti, Roberto Puddu, Giuseppe Puglisi, Chris Raum, Christian L. Reichardt, Mathieu Remazeilles, Yoel Rephaeli, Dominik Riechers, Felipe Rojas, Anirban Roy, Sharon Sadeh, Yuki Sakurai, Maria Salatino, Mayuri Sathyanarayana Rao, Emmanuel Schaan, Marcel Schmittfull, Neelima Sehgal, Joseph Seibert, Uros Seljak, Blake Sherwin, Meir Shimon, Carlos Sierra, Jonathan Sievers, Precious Sikhosana, Maximiliano Silva-Feaver, Sara M. Simon, Adrian Sinclair, Praween Siritanasak, Kendrick Smith, Stephen R. Smith, David Spergel, Suzanne T. Staggs, George Stein, Jason R. Stevens, Radek Stompor, Aritoki Suzuki, Osamu Tajima, Satoru Takakura, Grant Teply, Daniel B. Thomas, Ben Thorne, Robert Thornton, Hy Trac, Calvin Tsai, Carole Tucker, Joel Ullom, Sunny Vagnozzi, Alexander van Engelen, Jeff Van Lanen, Daniel D. Van Winkle, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Clara Vergès, Michael Vissers, Kasey Wagoner, Samantha Walker, Jon Ward, Ben Westbrook, Nathan Whitehorn, Jason Williams, Joel Williams, Edward J. Wollack, Zhilei Xu, Byeonghee Yu, Cyndia Yu, Fernando Zago, Hezi Zhang, and Ningfeng Zhu

Subjects
Astrophysics, Astronomy
Abstract

The Simons Observatory (SO) is a new cosmic microwave background experiment being built on Cerro Toco in Chile, due to begin observations in the early 2020s. We describe the scientific goals of the experiment, motivate the design, and forecast its performance. SO will measure the temperature and polarization anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background in six frequency bands centered at: 27, 39, 93, 145, 225 and 280 GHz. The initial configuration of SO will have three small-aperture 0.5-m telescopes and one large-aperture 6-m telescope, with a total of 60,000 cryogenic bolometers. Our key science goals are to characterize the primordial perturbations, measure the number of relativistic species and the mass of neutrinos, test for deviations from a cosmological constant, improve our understanding of galaxy evolution, and constrain the duration of reionization. The small aperture telescopes will target the largest angular scales observable from Chile, mapping ≈ 10% of the sky to a white noise level of 2 μK-arcmin in combined 93 and 145 GHz bands, to measure the primordial tensor-to-scalar ratio, r, at a target level of σ(r)=0.003. The large aperture telescope will map ≈ 40% of the sky at arcminute angular resolution to an expected white noise level of 6 μK-arcmin in combined 93 and 145 GHz bands, overlapping with the majority of the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope sky region and partially with the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument. With up to an order of magnitude lower polarization noise than maps from the Planck satellite, the high-resolution sky maps will constrain cosmological parameters derived from the damping tail, gravitational lensing of the microwave background, the primordial bispectrum, and the thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effects, and will aid in delensing the large-angle polarization signal to measure the tensor-to-scalar ratio. The survey will also provide a legacy catalog of 16,000 galaxy clusters and more than 20,000 extragalactic sources.

Published
2019
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13. A Digital Calibration Source for 21 cm Cosmology Telescopes

Author

Kalyani Bhopi, Will Tyndall, Pranav Sanghavi, Kevin Bandura, Laura Newburgh, and Jason Gallicchio

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Instrumentation, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Foreground mitigation is critical to all next-generation radio interferometers that target cosmology using the redshifted neutral hydrogen 21 cm emission line. Attempts to remove this foreground emission have led to new analysis techniques as well as new developments in hardware specifically dedicated to instrument beam and gain calibration, including stabilized signal injection into the interferometric array and drone-based platforms for beam mapping. The radio calibration sources currently used in the literature are broad-band incoherent sources that can only be detected as excess power and with no direct sensitivity to phase information. In this paper, we describe a digital radio source which uses Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) derived time stamps to form a deterministic signal that can be broadcast from an aerial platform. A copy of this source can be deployed locally at the instrument correlator such that the received signal from the aerial platform can be correlated with the local copy, and the resulting correlation can be measured in both amplitude and phase for each interferometric element. We define the requirements for such a source, describe an initial implementation and verification of this source using commercial Software Defined Radio boards, and present beam map slices from antenna range measurements using the commercial boards. We found that the commercial board did not meet all requirements, so we also suggest future directions using a more sophisticated chipset., 13 pages, 5 figures, published in Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation

Published
2022

14. Antenna characterization for the HIRAX experiment

Author

Emily R. Kuhn, Benjamin Saliwanchik, Kevin Bandura, Michele Bianco, H. Cynthia Chiang, Devin Crichton, Meiling Deng, Sindhu Gaddam, Kit Gerodias, Austin Gumba, Maile Harris, Kavilan Moodley, Mugundhan Vijayaraghavan, Laura Newburgh, Jeffrey Peterson, Elizabeth Pieters, Alexandre Refregier, Ajith Sampath, Mario G. Santos, Onkabetse Sengate, Jonathan Sievers, Ema Smith, William Tyndall, Anthony Walters, Amanda Weltman, and Dallas Wulf

Published
2022

15. Erratum: 'The First CHIME/FRB Fast Radio Burst Catalog' (2021, ApJS, 257, 59)

Author

null The CHIME/FRB Collaboration, Mandana Amiri, Bridget C. Andersen, Kevin Bandura, Sabrina Berger, Mohit Bhardwaj, Michelle M. Boyce, P. J. Boyle, Charanjot Brar, Daniela Breitman, Tomas Cassanelli, Pragya Chawla, Tianyue Chen, J.-F. Cliche, Amanda Cook, Davor Cubranic, Alice P. Curtin, Meiling Deng, Matt Dobbs, Fengqiu (Adam) Dong, Gwendolyn Eadie, Mateus Fandino, Emmanuel Fonseca, B. M. Gaensler, Utkarsh Giri, Deborah C. Good, Mark Halpern, Alex S. Hill, Gary Hinshaw, Alexander Josephy, Jane F. Kaczmarek, Zarif Kader, Joseph W. Kania, Victoria M. Kaspi, T. L. Landecker, Dustin Lang, Calvin Leung, Dongzi Li, Hsiu-Hsien Lin, Kiyoshi W. Masui, Ryan Mckinven, Juan Mena-Parra, Marcus Merryfield, Bradley W. Meyers, Daniele Michilli, Nikola Milutinovic, Arash Mirhosseini, Moritz Münchmeyer, Arun Naidu, Laura Newburgh, Cherry Ng, Chitrang Patel, Ue-Li Pen, Emily Petroff, Tristan Pinsonneault-Marotte, Ziggy Pleunis, Masoud Rafiei-Ravandi, Mubdi Rahman, Scott M. Ransom, Andre Renard, Pranav Sanghavi, Paul Scholz, J. Richard Shaw, Kaitlyn Shin, Seth R. Siegel, Andrew E. Sikora, Saurabh Singh, Kendrick M. Smith, Ingrid Stairs, Chia Min Tan, S. P. Tendulkar, Keith Vanderlinde, Haochen Wang, Dallas Wulf, and A. V. Zwaniga

Subjects
Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy and Astrophysics
Published
2023

16. Two-season Atacama Cosmology Telescope polarimeter lensing power spectrum

Author

Blake D. Sherwin, Alexander van Engelen, Neelima Sehgal, Mathew Madhavacheril, Graeme E. Addison, Simone Aiola, Rupert Allison, Nicholas Battaglia, Daniel T. Becker, James A. Beall, J. Richard Bond, Erminia Calabrese, Rahul Datta, Mark J. Devlin, Rolando Dünner, Joanna Dunkley, Anna E. Fox, Patricio Gallardo, Mark Halpern, Matthew Hasselfield, Shawn Henderson, J. Colin Hill, Gene C. Hilton, Johannes Hubmayr, John P. Hughes, Adam D. Hincks, Renée Hlozek, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Brian Koopman, Arthur Kosowsky, Thibaut Louis, Loïc Maurin, Jeff McMahon, Kavilan Moodley, Sigurd Naess, Federico Nati, Laura Newburgh, Michael D. Niemack, Lyman A. Page, Jonathan Sievers, David N. Spergel, Suzanne T. Staggs, Robert J. Thornton, Jeff Van Lanen, Eve Vavagiakis, and Edward J. Wollack

Published
2017
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17. Assembly and Integration Process of the High-Density Detector Array Readout Modules for the Simons Observatory

Author

Zhilei Xu, Aritoki Suzuki, Maximiliano Silva-Feaver, Kaiwen Zheng, Maria Salatino, Laura Newburgh, Kam Arnold, Michael D. Niemack, Trevor Sasse, Shannon M. Duff, Sara M. Simon, Ningfeng Zhu, Christopher Raum, Nicholas F. Cothard, Heather McCarrick, Brian Keating, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, Erin Healy, Suzanne T. Staggs, B. Dober, Sarah Marie Bruno, Yuhan Wang, Aashrita Mangu, Zachary Atkins, Adrian T. Lee, Michael R. Vissers, Johannes Hubmayr, Yaqiong Li, Cody J. Duell, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Patricio A. Gallardo, Benjamin Westbrook, Joel N. Ullom, and Edward J. Wollack

Subjects
Physics, business.industry, Detector, Bolometer, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Condensed Matter Physics, Dichroic glass, 01 natural sciences, Multiplexer, Multiplexing, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, 010305 fluids & plasmas, law.invention, Optics, Observatory, law, 0103 physical sciences, General Materials Science, Transition edge sensor, 010306 general physics, business, Microwave
Abstract

The Simons Observatory will measure the cosmic microwave background temperature and polarization using a suite of new telescopes in the Atacama Desert in Chile. The Simons Observatory will use dichroic transition edge sensor (TES) bolometer arrays spanning six frequency bands from 27 to 280 GHz. The Simons Observatory will pioneer the use of a densely packed multiplexing architecture based on the microwave SQUID multiplexer ($$\mu $$mux), housing $$\sim \! 2000$$ microwave resonators, each coupled to a TES. The Simons Observatory aims to multiplex each array of $$\sim \! 2000$$ detectors with a single pair of coaxial cables and requires a multiplexing factor of $$\sim \! 1000$$. The Simons Observatory cryogenic readout system is called the universal microwave multiplexing module (UMM). The UMM couples to both horn and lenslet-coupled detector arrays and is integrated into the universal focal-plane module (UFM) after being independently characterized. We present processes we have developed for highly repeatable and automated integration methods of UMMs, which will be needed for the production of the 49 UFMs required for the first stage of the Simons Observatory.

Published
2020

18. Foreground and RFI Mitigation with the Baryon Mapping experiment (BMX)

Author

Benjamin Saliwanchik, John Kuczewski, Paul O'Connor, Emily Kuhn, Maile Harris, Justine Haupt, William Tyndall, Annie Polish, Laura Newburgh, Anze Slosar, Chris Sheehy, Paul Stankus, and Gregory Troiani

Subjects
Physics, Baryon, Observatory, Equation of state (cosmology), Measure (physics), Intensity mapping, Dark energy, Astronomy, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Redshift, Cosmology
Abstract

Understanding the nature of Dark Energy is one of the primary unanswered questions in cosmology, and was identified as one of the Department of Energy’s current five priority science missions. In order to measure the effects of Dark Energy and constrain its equation of state, it is necessary to map the expansion history of the universe over a broad range of redshifts. A number of optical instruments designed to map the Large Scale Structure (LSS) of the universe including DES, DESI, and the Vera Rubin Observatory have begun observing, and are expected to produce critical constraints in this field. Intensity Mapping (IM) is also emerging as a potentially complementary method of mapping the LSS of the universe, by using integrated line emissions as tracers of structure. In particular, 21 -cm IM would use the hyperfine "spin flip" transition of neutral hydrogen, which is present throughout cosmic time and as a significant fraction of the baryonic mass of the universe, as a tracer of LSS. Several radio interferometers are already observing, or under development, to measure 21-cm emissions from different redshift ranges, and planning is underway for second generation Stage II experiments.

Published
2021

19. Evidence for the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect with the Atacama Cosmology Telescope and velocity reconstruction from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey

Author

Emmanuel Schaan, Simone Ferraro, Mariana Vargas-Magaña, Kendrick M. Smith, Shirley Ho, Simone Aiola, Nicholas Battaglia, J. Richard Bond, Francesco De Bernardis, Erminia Calabrese, Hsiao-Mei Cho, Mark J. Devlin, Joanna Dunkley, Patricio A. Gallardo, Matthew Hasselfield, Shawn Henderson, J. Colin Hill, Adam D. Hincks, Renée Hlozek, Johannes Hubmayr, John P. Hughes, Kent D. Irwin, Brian Koopman, Arthur Kosowsky, Dale Li, Thibaut Louis, Marius Lungu, Mathew Madhavacheril, Loïc Maurin, Jeffrey John McMahon, Kavilan Moodley, Sigurd Naess, Federico Nati, Laura Newburgh, Michael D. Niemack, Lyman A. Page, Christine G. Pappas, Bruce Partridge, Benjamin L. Schmitt, Neelima Sehgal, Blake D. Sherwin, Jonathan L. Sievers, David N. Spergel, Suzanne T. Staggs, Alexander van Engelen, and Edward J. Wollack

Published
2016
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20. Sub-second periodicity in a fast radio burst

Author

Bridget C. Andersen, Kevin Bandura, Mohit Bhardwaj, P. J. Boyle, Charanjot Brar, Daniela Breitman, Tomas Cassanelli, Shami Chatterjee, Pragya Chawla, Jean-Franc¸ois Cliche, Davor Cubranic, Alice P. Curtin, Meiling Deng, Matt Dobbs, Fengqiu Adam Dong, Emanuel Fonseca, B. M. Gaensler, Utkarsh Giri, Deborah C. Good, Alex S. Hill, Alexander Josephy, J. F. Kaczmarek, Zarif Kader, Joseph Kania, Victoria M. Kaspi, Calvin Leung, D. Z. Li, Hsiu-Hsien Lin, Kiyoshi W. Masui, Ryan Mckinven, Juan Mena-Parra, Marcus Merryfield, B. W. Meyers, D. Michilli, Arun Naidu, Laura Newburgh, C. Ng, Anna Ordog, Chitrang Patel, Aaron B. Pearlman, Ue-Li Pen, Emily Petroff, Ziggy Pleunis, Masoud Rafiei-Ravandi, Mubdi Rahman, Scott Ransom, Andre Renard, Pranav Sanghavi, Paul Scholz, J. Richard Shaw, Kaitlyn Shin, Seth R. Siegel, Saurabh Singh, Kendrick Smith, Ingrid Stairs, Chia Min Tan, Shriharsh P. Tendulkar, Keith Vanderlinde, D. V. Wiebe, Dallas Wulf, Andrew Zwaniga, Daniele Michilli, and High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI)

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Multidisciplinary, 13. Climate action, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-duration flashes of radio waves that are visible at distances of billions of light-years. The nature of their progenitors and their emission mechanism remain open astrophysical questions. Here we report the detection of the multi-component FRB 20191221A and the identification of a periodic separation of 216.8(1) ms between its components with a significance of 6.5 sigmas. The long (~3 s) duration and nine or more components forming the pulse profile make this source an outlier in the FRB population. Such short periodicity provides strong evidence for a neutron-star origin of the event. Moreover, our detection favours emission arising from the neutron-star magnetosphere, as opposed to emission regions located further away from the star, as predicted by some models., Comment: Updated to conform to the accepted version

Published
2021

21. A second source of repeating fast radio bursts

Author

P. J. Boyle, M. Fandino, J. Mena-Parra, Ue-Li Pen, P. Boubel, M. Rafiei-Ravandi, Laura Newburgh, Mohit Bhardwaj, C. Brar, Shriharsh P. Tendulkar, M. A. Dobbs, Deborah C. Good, Kiyoshi Masui, P. Chawla, C. Höfer, D. Michilli, Kevin Bandura, Emmanuel Fonseca, Ajay Gill, J. R. Shaw, M. Burhanpurkar, M. Deng, Mandana Amiri, C. Patel, A. Renard, M. M. Boyce, P. Yadav, C. Moatti, Bryan Gaensler, A. Josephy, A. Naidu, Scott M. Ransom, Gary Hinshaw, David Hanna, A. Gilbert, I. Tretyakov, Seth Siegel, Nolan Denman, Chime, Alex S. Hill, U. Giri, Keith Vanderlinde, Ziggy Pleunis, T. Cassanelli, Mubdi Rahman, M. Merryfield, Mark Halpern, Ingrid H. Stairs, R. Mckinven, Dustin Lang, D. Cubranic, T. Pinsonneault-Marotte, Hsiu-Hsien Lin, Kendrick M. Smith, J. F. Cliche, Paul Scholz, Victoria M. Kaspi, T. L. Landecker, Cherry Ng, and N. Milutinovic

Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Fast radio burst, Milky Way, Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Redshift, Radio telescope, Sky, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, education, Second source, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common
Abstract

The discovery of a repeating Fast Radio Burst (FRB) source, FRB 121102, eliminated models involving cataclysmic events for this source. No other repeating FRB has yet been detected in spite of many recent FRB discoveries and follow-ups, suggesting repeaters may be rare in the FRB population. Here we report the detection of six repeat bursts from FRB 180814.J0422+73, one of the 13 FRBs detected by the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) FRB project during its pre-commissioning phase in July and August 2018. These repeat bursts are consistent with originating from a single position on the sky, with the same dispersion measure (DM), ~189 pc cm-3. This DM is approximately twice the expected Milky Way column density, and implies an upper limit on the source redshift of 0.1, at least a factor of ~2 closer than FRB 121102. In some of the repeat bursts, we observe sub-pulse frequency structure, drifting, and spectral variation reminiscent of that seen in FRB 121102, suggesting similar emission mechanisms and/or propagation effects. This second repeater, found among the first few CHIME/FRB discoveries, suggests that there exists -- and that CHIME/FRB and other wide-field, sensitive radio telescopes will find -- a substantial population of repeating FRBs., Comment: accepted by Nature

Published
2019

22. Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Catalog of >4000 Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Galaxy Clusters

Author

Eli S. Rykoff, Jo Dunkley, E. Bertin, Ofer Lahav, Nick Battaglia, M. Soares-Santos, Hironao Miyatake, Shannon M. Duff, R. D. Wilkinson, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, L. N. da Costa, Joel N. Ullom, Robert Morgan, D. L. Burke, Devin Crichton, Kavilan Moodley, Peter Doel, Alexandra Amon, Edward J. Wollack, N. C. Robertson, H. T. Diehl, Joseph E. Golec, Sunayana Bhargava, Samuel Hinton, Emmanuel Schaan, Enrique Gaztanaga, Megan Gralla, David N. Spergel, Johannes Hubmayr, Simon Dicker, David Bacon, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Simone Ferraro, C. Aros-Bunster, Felipe Menanteau, G. Gutierrez, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Daniel Thomas, Ramon Miquel, Michael D. Niemack, I. Ferrero, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, J. P. Dietrich, Niall MacCrann, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Tesla E. Jeltema, David J. James, Yanxi Zhang, A. K. Romer, Ben Hoyle, Hy Trac, Mark J. Devlin, Patricio A. Gallardo, J. Gschwend, A. A. Plazas, Brian J. Koopman, Rolando Dünner, Zhilei Xu, Simone Aiola, Behzad Ansarinejad, A. Choi, Jeff McMahon, Eduardo Rozo, Gary Bernstein, K. Honscheid, Michel Aguena, Tanay Bhandarkar, Dan Becker, C. Sifon, Neelima Sehgal, Bhuvnesh Jain, Laura Newburgh, Dongwon Han, F. Paz-Chinchón, J. R. Bond, Kyler Kuehn, Peter Melchior, M. Carrasco Kind, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Steve K. Choi, Suzanne T. Staggs, Paul Giles, R. L. C. Ogando, J. C. Hill, Federico Nati, M. E. C. Swanson, E. V. Denison, Kevin T. Crowley, Tony Mroczkowski, W. G. Hartley, Antonella Palmese, Martine Lokken, S. Kent, Alessandro Schillaci, Masamune Oguri, John P. Hughes, M. A. G. Maia, Maria Salatino, S. Amodeo, T. Shin, S. Adhikari, M. Hasselfield, M. Costanzi, S. I. Loubser, J. Van Lanen, B. Partridge, Sigurd Naess, Adam D. Hincks, J. A. Beall, B. Flaugher, S. M. Simon, Jason E. Austermann, S. P. Ho, John Orlowski-Scherer, M. Smith, Daniel Gruen, J. Martin, D. W. Gerdes, J. Annis, Kenda Knowles, David J. Brooks, Erminia Calabrese, Emilie R. Storer, Gene C. Hilton, Leila R. Vale, Salcedo Romero de Ávila, Phumlani Phakathi, Josh Frieman, Yen-Ting Lin, T. M. C. Abbott, Chun-Hao To, E. J. Sanchez, J. Carretero, E. Suchyta, Matt Hilton, Christopher J. Conselice, Tobias A. Marriage, Sebastian Grandis, A. Carnero Rosell, Agnès Ferté, Anton T. Jaelani, Marcos Lima, S. Everett, S. Serrano, Lyman A. Page, J. De Vicente, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, G. Tarle, UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, Hilton, M, Sifon, C, Naess, S, Madhavacheril, M, Oguri, M, Rozo, E, Rykoff, E, Adhikari, S, Aguena, M, Aiola, S, Allam, S, Amodeo, S, Amon, A, Annis, J, Ansarinejad, B, Abbott, T, Aros-Bunster, C, Austermann, J, Avila, S, Bacon, D, Battaglia, N, Beall, J, Becker, D, Bernstein, G, Bertin, E, Bhandarkar, T, Bhargava, S, Bond, J, Brooks, D, Burke, D, Calabrese, E, Carrasco Kind, M, Carretero, J, Choi, S, Choi, A, Conselice, C, Da Costa, L, Costanzi, M, Crichton, D, Crowley, K, Dunner, R, Denison, E, Devlin, M, Dicker, S, Diehl, H, Dietrich, J, Doel, P, Duff, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Everett, S, Ferraro, S, Ferte, A, Flaugher, B, Frieman, J, Ferrero, I, Gallardo, P, Garcia-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Giles, P, Golec, J, Gralla, M, Grandis, S, Gruen, D, Gerdes, D, Gruendl, R, Gschwend, J, Gutierrez, G, Han, D, Hartley, W, Hasselfield, M, Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hincks, A, Hinton, S, Ho, S, Honscheid, K, Hoyle, B, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Jaelani, A, Jain, B, James, D, Jeltema, T, Kent, S, Knowles, K, Koopman, B, Kuehn, K, Lahav, O, Lima, M, Lin, Y, Lokken, M, Loubser, S, Maccrann, N, Maia, M, Marriage, T, Martin, J, Mcmahon, J, Melchior, P, Menanteau, F, Miquel, R, Moodley, K, Morgan, R, Mroczkowski, T, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack, M, Nishizawa, A, Miyatake, H, Ogando, R, Orlowski-Scherer, J, Page, L, Palmese, A, Partridge, B, Paz-Chinchon, F, Phakathi, P, Plazas, A, Robertson, N, Romer, A, Carnero Rosell, A, Sanchez, E, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Sehgal, N, Serrano, S, Shin, T, Simon, S, Smith, M, Salatino, M, Soares-Santos, M, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Storer, E, Suchyta, E, Swanson, M, Tarle, G, Thomas, D, To, C, Trac, H, Ullom, J, Vale, L, Van Lanen, J, Vavagiakis, E, De Vicente, J, Wilkinson, R, Wollack, E, Xu, Z, Zhan, Y, Hilton, M., Sifón, C., Naess, S., Madhavacheril, M., Oguri, M., Rozo, E., Rykoff, E., Abbott, T. M. C., Adhikari, S., Aguena, M., Aiola, S., Allam, S., Amodeo, S., Amon, A., Annis, J., Ansarinejad, B., Aros-Bunster, C., Austermann, J. E., Avila, S., Bacon, D., Battaglia, N., Beall, J. A., Becker, D. T., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Bhandarkar, T., Bhargava, S., Bond, J. R., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Calabrese, E., Carretero, J., Choi, S. K., Choi, A., Conselice, C., da Costa, L. N., Costanzi, M., Crichton, D., Crowley, K. T., Dünner, R., Denison, E. V., Devlin, M. J., Dicker, S. R., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Duff, S. M., Duivenvoorden, A. J., Dunkley, J., Everett, S., Ferraro, S., Ferrero, I., Ferté, A., Flaugher, B., Frieman, J., Gallardo, P. A., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Giles, P., Golec, J. E., Gralla, M. B., Grandis, S., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Han, D., Hartley, W. G., Hasselfield, M., Hill, J. C., Hilton, G. C., Hincks, A. D., Hinton, S. R., S-P. P., Ho, Honscheid, K., Hoyle, B., Hubmayr, J., Huffenberger, K. M., Hughes, J. P., Jaelani, A. T., Jain, B., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Kent, S., Carrasco Kind, M., Knowles, K., Koopman, B. J., Kuehn, K., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Lin, Y-T., Lokken, M., Loubser, S. I., Maccrann, N., Maia, M. A. G., Marriage, T. A., Martin, J., Mcmahon, J., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Miyatake, H., Moodley, K., Morgan, R., Mroczkowski, T., Nati, F., Newburgh, L. B., Niemack, M. D., Nishizawa, A. J., Ogando, R. L. C., Orlowski-Scherer, J., Page, L. A., Palmese, A., Partridge, B., Paz-Chinchón, F., Phakathi, P., Plazas, A. A., Robertson, N. C., Romer, A. K., Carnero Rosell, A., Salatino, M., Sanchez, E., Schaan, E., Schillaci, A., Sehgal, N., Serrano, S., Shin, T., Simon, S. M., Smith, M., Soares-Santos, M., Spergel, D. N., Staggs, S. T., Storer, E. R., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., To, C., Trac, H., Ullom, J. N., Vale, L. R., Van Lanen, J., Vavagiakis, E. M., De Vicente, J., Wilkinson, R. D., Wollack, E. J., Xu, Z., and Zhang, Y.

Subjects
Galaxy clusters, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, Large-scale structure of the universe, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Intracluster medium, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cosmology, Galaxy clusters, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, AGLOMERADOS (GALÁXIA), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, Física, Astronomy and Astrophysics, XMM-newton Telescope, Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, Atacama Cosmology Telescope
Abstract

Hilton, M., et al., We present a catalog of 4195 optically confirmed Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) selected galaxy clusters detected with signal-to-noise ratio >4 in 13,211 deg of sky surveyed by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). Cluster candidates were selected by applying a multifrequency matched filter to 98 and 150 GHz maps constructed from ACT observations obtained from 2008 to 2018 and confirmed using deep, wide-area optical surveys. The clusters span the redshift range 0.04 < z < 1.91 (median z = 0.52). The catalog contains 222 z > 1 clusters, and a total of 868 systems are new discoveries. Assuming an SZ signal versus mass-scaling relation calibrated from X-ray observations, the sample has a 90% completeness mass limit of M > 3.8 × 10 M, evaluated at z = 0.5, for clusters detected at signal-to-noise ratio >5 in maps filtered at an angular scale of 2 4. The survey has a large overlap with deep optical weak-lensing surveys that are being used to calibrate the SZ signal mass-scaling relation, such as the Dark Energy Survey (4566 deg), the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (469 deg), and the Kilo Degree Survey (825 deg). We highlight some noteworthy objects in the sample, including potentially projected systems, clusters with strong lensing features, clusters with active central galaxies or star formation, and systems of multiple clusters that may be physically associated. The cluster catalog will be a useful resource for future cosmological analyses and studying the evolution of the intracluster medium and galaxies in massive clusters over the past 10 Gyr., The DES Data Management System is supported by the NSF under Grant Nos. AST-1138766 and AST-1536171. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MICINN under grants ESP2017-89838, PGC2018-094773, PGC2018-102021, SEV-2016-0588, SEV-2016-0597, and MDM-2015-0509, some of which include ERDF funds from the European Union. IFAE is partially funded by the CERCA program of the Generalitat de Catalunya. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Unionʼs Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478. We acknowledge support from the Brazilian Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCT) do e-Universo (CNPq grant 465376/2014-2).

Published
2021

23. Evidence of Lensing of the Cosmic Microwave Background by Dark Matter Halos

Author

Mathew Madhavacheril, Neelima Sehgal, Rupert Allison, Nick Battaglia, J. Richard Bond, Erminia Calabrese, Jerod Caligiuri, Kevin Coughlin, Devin Crichton, Rahul Datta, Mark J. Devlin, Joanna Dunkley, Rolando Dünner, Kevin Fogarty, Emily Grace, Amir Hajian, Matthew Hasselfield, J. Colin Hill, Matt Hilton, Adam D. Hincks, Renée Hlozek, John P. Hughes, Arthur Kosowsky, Thibaut Louis, Marius Lungu, Jeff McMahon, Kavilan Moodley, Charles Munson, Sigurd Naess, Federico Nati, Laura Newburgh, Michael D. Niemack, Lyman A. Page, Bruce Partridge, Benjamin Schmitt, Blake D. Sherwin, Jon Sievers, David N. Spergel, Suzanne T. Staggs, Robert Thornton, Alexander Van Engelen, Jonathan T. Ward, and Edward J. Wollack

Published
2015
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24. Noise temperature testing for the Hydrogen Intensity and Real-time Analysis eXperiment (HIRAX)

Author

Laura Newburgh, Kabelo C. Kesebonye, Kavilan Moodley, Jonathan Sievers, Neeraj Gupta, Tzu-Ching Chang, Viraj Nistane, Moumita Aich, Jean-Paul Kneib, Corrie Ungerer, Austin A. Gumba, Benjamin Saliwanchik, Emily Kuhn, Kevin Bandura, Alexandre Refregier, D. Crichton, Dallas Wulf, Maile Harris, Martin Kunz, Aaron Ewall-Wice, Jeffrey B. Peterson, Deniz Ölçek, Warren Naidoo, Jacques van Dyk, Amanda Weltman, Alireza Vafaei Sadr, and H. Cynthia Chiang

Subjects
Noise temperature, Hydrogen, Computer science, Acoustics, Intensity mapping, chemistry.chemical_element, Repeatability, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, 010309 optics, Interferometry, chemistry, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, Real time analysis, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Intensity (heat transfer)
Abstract

This paper describes the design, implementation, and verification of a test-bed for determining the noise temperature of radio antennas operating between 400-800 MHz. The requirements for this test-bed were driven by the HIRAX experiment, which uses antennas with embedded amplification, making system noise characterization difficult in the laboratory. The test-bed consists of two large cylindrical cavities, each containing radio-frequency (RF) absorber held at different temperatures (300K and 77 K), allowing a measurement of system noise temperature through the well-known ‘Y-factor’ method. The apparatus has been constructed at Yale, and over the course of the past year has undergone detailed verification measurements. To date, three preliminary noise temperature measurement sets have been conducted using the system, putting us on track to make the first noise temperature measurements of the HIRAX feed and perform the first analysis of feed repeatability.

Published
2021

25. Mechanical and optical design of the HIRAX radio telescope

Author

Laura Newburgh, Devin Chichton, Kavilan Moodley, K. Vanderlinde, Carla Pieterse, Viraj Nistane, Elizabeth Pieters, Benjamin Saliwanchik, Tzu-Ching Chang, Deniz Ölçek, Aaron Ewall-Wice, Amanda Weltman, Martin Bucher, Kabelo C. Kesebonye, H. Cynthia Chiang, Jonathan Sievers, Vincent MacKay, Kevin Bandura, Dallas Wulf, Emily Kuhn, Kit Gerodias, and Jeffrey B. Peterson

Subjects
Physics, business.industry, Pipeline (computing), Instrumentation, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Redshift, Radio telescope, Interferometry, Amplitude, Optics, Baryon acoustic oscillations, business, Beam (structure)
Abstract

The Hydrogen Intensity and Real-time Analysis eXperiment (HIRAX) is a planned interferometric radio telescope array that will ultimately consist of 1024 close packed 6 m dishes that will be deployed at the SKA South Africa site. HIRAX will survey the majority of the southern sky to measure baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) using the 21 cm hyperfine transition of neutral hydrogen. It will operate between 400-800 MHz with 391 kHz resolution, corresponding to a redshift range of 0:8 < z < 2:5 and a minimum Δz/z of ~0.003 (frequency resolution 500 < R < 1000). One of the primary science goals of HIRAX is to constrain the dark energy equation of state by measuring the BAO scale as a function of redshift over a cosmologically significant range. Achieving this goal places stringent requirements on the mechanical and optical design of the HIRAX instrument which are described in this paper. This includes the simulations used to optimize the mechanical and electromagnetic characteristics of the instrument, including the dish focal ratio, receiver support mechanism, and instrument cabling. As a result of these simulations, the dish focal ratio has been reduced to 0.23 to reduce inter-dish crosstalk, the feed support mechanism has been redesigned as a wide (35 cm diam.) central column, and the feed design has been modified to allow the cabling for the receiver to pass directly along the symmetry axis of the feed and dish in order to eliminate beam asymmetries and reduce sidelobe amplitudes. The beams from these full-instrument simulations are also used in an astrophysical m-mode analysis pipeline which is used to evaluate cosmological constraints and determine potential systematic contamination due to physical non-redundancies of the array elements. This end-to-end simulation pipeline was used to inform the dish manufacturing and assembly specifications which will guide the production and construction of the first-stage HIRAX 256-element array.

Published
2021

26. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Summary of DR4 and DR5 Data Products and Data Access

Author

Joseph E. Golec, Shannon M. Duff, Maya Mallaby-Kay, Thibaut Louis, Lyman A. Page, Erminia Calabrese, E. V. Denison, Yilun Guan, Edward J. Wollack, Kavilan Moodley, Jason E. Austermann, Daniel T. Becker, John P. Hughes, Joel N. Ullom, Leila R. Vale, Simone Aiola, Dongwon Han, C. Sifon, John P. Nibarger, Sara M. Simon, Toshiya Namikawa, Kyra Fichman, Zhilei Xu, Blake D. Sherwin, Jo Dunkley, Maria Salatino, Brian J. Koopman, Emmanuel Schaan, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Johannes Hubmayr, Jeff McMahon, Matt Hilton, Simone Ferraro, Matthew Hasselfield, Laura Newburgh, Mark J. Devlin, Zachary Atkins, Patricio A. Gallardo, James A. Beall, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Kevin T. Crowley, J. Colin Hill, Steve K. Choi, Suzanne T. Staggs, Amanda MacInnis, Alessandro Schillaci, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Omar Darwish, Grace E. Chesmore, Neelima Sehgal, S. Amodeo, Gene C. Hilton, Emilie R. Storer, Sigurd Naess, Jeff Van Lanen, J. Richard Bond, Alexander van Engelen, Federico Nati, Michael D. Niemack, Renée Hložek, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mallaby-Kay, M, Atkins, Z, Aiola, S, Amodeo, S, Austermann, J, Beall, J, Becker, D, Bond, J, Calabrese, E, Chesmore, G, Choi, S, Crowley, K, Darwish, O, Denison, E, Devlin, M, Duff, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Ferraro, S, Fichman, K, Gallardo, P, Golec, J, Guan, Y, Han, D, Hasselfield, M, Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hilton, M, Hlozek, R, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Koopman, B, Louis, T, Macinnis, A, Madhavacheril, M, Mcmahon, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Namikawa, T, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Nibarger, J, Niemack, M, Page, L, Salatino, M, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Sehgal, N, Sherwin, B, Sifon, C, Simon, S, Staggs, S, Storer, E, Ullom, J, Van Engelen, A, Van Lanen, J, Vale, L, Wollack, E, and Xu, Z

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Data products, Art history, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Atomic, Public access, Particle and Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Order (virtue), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Molecular, Astronomy and Astrophysics, CMB, Cosmology, Space and Planetary Science, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, astro-ph.CO, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astronomical and Space Sciences, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Two recent large data releases for the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT), called DR4 and DR5, are available for public access. These data include temperature and polarization maps that cover nearly half the sky at arcminute resolution in three frequency bands; lensing maps and component-separated maps covering ~ 2,100 deg^2 of sky; derived power spectra and cosmological likelihoods; a catalog of over 4,000 galaxy clusters; and supporting ancillary products including beam functions and masks. The data and products are described in a suite of ACT papers; here we provide a summary. In order to facilitate ease of access to these data we present a set of Jupyter IPython notebooks developed to introduce users to DR4, DR5, and the tools needed to analyze these data. The data products (excluding simulations) and the set of notebooks are publicly available on the NASA Legacy Archive for Microwave Background Data Analysis (LAMBDA); simulation products are available on the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC)., Accepted to ApJS. 21 pages, 8 figures. Data and notebooks available on LAMBDA https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/act/

Published
2021

27. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Constraints on Pre-Recombination Early Dark Energy

Author

J. Colin Hill, Erminia Calabrese, Simone Aiola, Nicholas Battaglia, Boris Bolliet, Steve K. Choi, Mark J. Devlin, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Jo Dunkley, Simone Ferraro, Patricio A. Gallardo, Vera Gluscevic, Matthew Hasselfield, Matt Hilton, Adam D. Hincks, Renée Hložek, Brian J. Koopman, Arthur Kosowsky, Adrien La Posta, Thibaut Louis, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Jeff McMahon, Kavilan Moodley, Sigurd Naess, Umberto Natale, Federico Nati, Laura Newburgh, Michael D. Niemack, Lyman A. Page, Bruce Partridge, Frank J. Qu, Maria Salatino, Alessandro Schillaci, Neelima Sehgal, Blake D. Sherwin, Cristóbal Sifón, David N. Spergel, Suzanne T. Staggs, Emilie R. Storer, Alexander van Engelen, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Edward J. Wollack, Zhilei Xu, HEP, INSPIRE, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hill, J, Calabrese, E, Aiola, S, Battaglia, N, Bolliet, B, Choi, S, Devlin, M, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Ferraro, S, Gallardo, P, Gluscevic, V, Hasselfield, M, Hilton, M, Hincks, A, Hlozek, R, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, La Posta, A, Louis, T, Madhavacheril, M, Mcmahon, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Natale, U, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack, M, Page, L, Partridge, B, Qu, F, Salatino, M, Schillaci, A, Sehgal, N, Sherwin, B, Sifon, C, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Storer, E, Van Engelen, A, Vavagiakis, E, Wollack, E, and Xu, Z

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), satellite: Planck, statistical analysis: confidence limit, multipole, FOS: Physical sciences, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, baryon: oscillation: acoustic, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), gravitation: lens, cosmological model: parameter space, energy: density, cosmic background radiation: power spectrum, dark energy, Hubble constant, [PHYS.GRQC] Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], horizon: acoustic, recombination, coherence, [PHYS.HPHE] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Dark Energy, CMB, Cosmology, WMAP, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], fractional, [PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc], fluctuation: statistical, expansion: acceleration, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The early dark energy (EDE) scenario aims to increase the value of the Hubble constant ($H_0$) inferred from cosmic microwave background (CMB) data over that found in $\Lambda$CDM, via the introduction of a new form of energy density in the early universe. The EDE component briefly accelerates cosmic expansion just prior to recombination, which reduces the physical size of the sound horizon imprinted in the CMB. Previous work has found that non-zero EDE is not preferred by Planck CMB power spectrum data alone, which yield a 95% confidence level (CL) upper limit $f_{\rm EDE} < 0.087$ on the maximal fractional contribution of the EDE field to the cosmic energy budget. In this paper, we fit the EDE model to CMB data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) Data Release 4. We find that a combination of ACT, large-scale Planck TT (similar to WMAP), Planck CMB lensing, and BAO data prefers the existence of EDE at $>99.7$% CL: $f_{\rm EDE} = 0.091^{+0.020}_{-0.036}$, with $H_0 = 70.9^{+1.0}_{-2.0}$ km/s/Mpc (both 68% CL). From a model-selection standpoint, we find that EDE is favored over $\Lambda$CDM by these data at roughly $3\sigma$ significance. In contrast, a joint analysis of the full Planck and ACT data yields no evidence for EDE, as previously found for Planck alone. We show that the preference for EDE in ACT alone is driven by its TE and EE power spectrum data. The tight constraint on EDE from Planck alone is driven by its high-$\ell$ TT power spectrum data. Understanding whether these differing constraints are physical in nature, due to systematics, or simply a rare statistical fluctuation is of high priority. The best-fit EDE models to ACT and Planck exhibit coherent differences across a wide range of multipoles in TE and EE, indicating that a powerful test of this scenario is anticipated with near-future data from ACT and other ground-based experiments., Comment: v1: 25+20 pages, 6+18 figures, submitted to PRD; v2: 26+20 pages, 7+18 figures, results unchanged, matches PRD accepted version. MCMC chains available at https://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/act/actpol_mcmc_chains_get.html

Published
2021

28. MERGHERS pilot: MeerKAT discovery of diffuse emission in nine massive Sunyaev–Zel’dovich-selected galaxy clusters from ACT

Author

Alessandro Schillaci, S. Amodeo, Matt Hilton, Kavilan Moodley, Kevin M. Huffenberger, L. A. Page, Mark J. Devlin, Laura Newburgh, Zhilei Xu, F. de Gasperin, Christoph Pfrommer, Sigurd Naess, Kaustuv Basu, Maria Salatino, D. Crichton, Edward J. Wollack, B. Partridge, Nadeem Oozeer, Oleg Smirnov, Chiara Ferrari, C. Sifon, Andrew J. Baker, Brian J. Koopman, John P. Hughes, Denisha S. Pillay, Tony Mroczkowski, Kenda Knowles, Sinenhlanhla P. Sikhosana, Federico Nati, Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Knowles, K, Pillay, D, Amodeo, S, Baker, A, Basu, K, Crichton, D, De Gasperin, F, Devlin, M, Ferrari, C, Hilton, M, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Koopman, B, Moodley, K, Mroczkowski, T, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Oozeer, N, Page, L, Partridge, B, Pfrommer, C, Salatino, M, Schillaci, A, Sifon, C, Smirnov, O, Sikhosana, S, Wollack, E, and Xu, Z

Subjects
Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, radio continuum: general, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Redshift, Radio halo, Space and Planetary Science, Observatory, galaxies: clusters: general, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), Halo, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The MeerKAT Exploration of Relics, Giant Halos, and Extragalactic Radio Sources (MERGHERS) survey is a planned project to study a large statistical sample of galaxy clusters with the MeerKAT observatory. Here we present the results of a 16--hour pilot project, observed in response to the 2019 MeerKAT Shared Risk proposal call, to test the feasibility of using MeerKAT for a large cluster study using short (0.2--2.1\,hour) integration times. The pilot focuses on 1.28\,GHz observations of 13 massive, low-to-intermediate redshift ($0.22 < z < 0.65$) clusters from the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich-selected Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) DR5 catalogue that show multiwavelength indications of dynamical disturbance. With a 70 per cent detection rate (9/13 clusters), this pilot study validates our proposed MERGHERS observing strategy and provides twelve detections of diffuse emission, eleven of them new, indicating the strength of MeerKAT for such types of studies. The detections (signal-to-noise ratio $\gtrsim6$) are summarised as follows: two systems host both relic(s) and a giant radio halo, five systems host radio halos, and two have candidate radio halos. Power values, $k$-corrected to 1.4 GHz assuming a fiducial spectral index of $��= -1.3 \pm 0.4$, are consistent with known radio halo and relic scaling relations., 9 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables. Accepted to MNRAS

Published
2021

29. The Simons Observatory: Overview of data acquisition, control, monitoring, and computer infrastructure

Author

Steve K. Choi, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, Joseph Seibert, Laura Newburgh, Lauren J. Saunders, Zhilei Xu, Jack Lashner, Tanay Bhandarkar, Christian L. Reichardt, Brian J. Koopman, Ben Westbrook, Sanah Bhimani, Jacob Spisak, Nicholas Galitzki, Cody J. Duell, Matthew Hasselfield, Adam D. Hincks, Ningfeng Zhu, and Kathleen Harrington

Subjects
Computer science, business.industry, Cosmic microwave background, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, law.invention, Telescope, Data acquisition, Observatory, law, Control system, Neutrino, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Microwave, Computer hardware
Abstract

The Simons Observatory (SO) is an upcoming polarized cosmic microwave background (CMB) survey experiment with three small-aperture telescopes and one large-aperture telescope that will observe from the Atacama Desert in Chile. In total, SO will field over 60,000 transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometers in six spectral bands centered between 27 and 280 GHz to achieve the sensitivity necessary to measure or constrain numerous cosmological parameters, including the tensor-to-scalar ratio, effective number of relativistic species, and sum of the neutrino masses. The SO scientific goals require coordination and control of the hardware distributed among the four telescopes on site. To meet this need, we have designed and built an open-sourced platform for distributed system management, called the Observatory Control System (ocs). This control system interfaces with all subsystems including the telescope control units, the microwave multiplexing readout electronics, and the cryogenic thermometry. We have also developed a system for live monitoring of housekeeping data and alerting, both of which are critical for remote observation. We take advantage of existing open source projects, such as crossbar for RPC and PubSub, twisted for asynchronous events, grafana for online remote monitoring, and docker for containerization. We provide an overview of the SO software and computer infrastructure, including the integration of SO-developed code with open source resources and lessons learned while testing at SO labs developing hardware systems as we prepare for deployment., 19 pages, 7 figures

Published
2020

30. The Baryon Mapping eXperiment: a 21cm intensity mapping pathfinder

Author

Gregory Troiani, Chris Sheehy, William Tyndall, Laura Newburgh, Paul Stankus, John Kuczewski, Maile Harris, Justine Haupt, Anže Slosar, Annie Polish, Paul O'Connor, Emily Kuhn, and Benjamin Saliwanchik

Subjects
Orthomode transducer, Radio telescope, Physics, Interferometry, Pathfinder, Optics, Parabolic reflector, business.industry, Undersampling, Intensity mapping, business, Redshift
Abstract

The Baryon Mapping eXperiment (BMX) is an interferometric array designed as a pathfinder for a future post-reionization 21 cm intensity mapping survey. It consists of four 4-meter parabolic reflectors each having offset pyramidal horn feed, quad-ridge orthomode transducer, temperature-stabilized RF amplification and filtering, and pulsed noise injection diode. An undersampling readout scheme uses 8-bit digitizers running at 1.1 Gsamples/ sec to provide access to signals from 1.1 - 1.55 GHz (third Nyquist zone), corresponding to HI emission from sources at redshift 0 < z < 0:3. An FX correlator is implemented in GPU and generates 28 GB/day of time-ordered visibility data. About 7,000 hours of data were collected from Jan. 2019 - May 2020, and we will present results on system performance including sensitivity, beam mapping studies, observations of bright celestial targets, and system electronics upgrades. BMX is a pathfinder for the proposed PUMA intensity mapping survey in the 2030s.

Published
2020

31. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background Power Spectra at 98 and 150 GHz

Author

Kavilan Moodley, Emilie R. Storer, Simone Aiola, Phumlani Phakathi, Jeff Van Lanen, E. Grace, Stefania Amodeo, Felipe Rojas, Yaqiong Li, Nick Battaglia, Precious Sikhosana, Suzanne T. Staggs, Vera Gluscevic, Robert Thornton, Benjamin L. Schmitt, Christine G. Pappas, Rolando Dünner, Danica Marsden, Yilun Guan, Felipe Carrero, Blake D. Sherwin, Sigurd Naess, Leopoldo Infante, Adam D. Hincks, Toshiya Namikawa, Zhilei Xu, Brittany Fuzia, Graeme E. Addison, Kasey Wagoner, Daniel T. Becker, J. Richard Bond, Jason E. Austermann, Sarah Marie Bruno, Matthew Hasselfield, Naomi Robertson, Jesse Treu, Vincent Lakey, John P. Nibarger, Timothy D. Morton, Sara M. Simon, David N. Spergel, Jesus Rivera, Michael R. Nolta, Zack Li, Shawn W. Henderson, Max Fankhanel, Martine Lokken, B. Thorne, Mark J. Devlin, Thomas Essinger-Hileman, James A. Beall, Yuhan Wang, Kevin T. Crowley, John Orlowski-Sherer, Bruce Partridge, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Laura Newburgh, Grace E. Chesmore, Alessandro Schillaci, Jon Sievers, Dhaneshwar D. Sunder, Federico Nati, Rahul Datta, Dale Li, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, Shannon M. Duff, Edward V. Denison, Peter A. R. Ade, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Maya Mallaby-Kay, Erminia Calabrese, Roberto Puddu, J. Colin Hill, Elio Angile, Jo Dunkley, Omar Darwish, Kenda Knowles, Marius Lungu, Megan Gralla, Susan E. Clark, Jeff Klein, Fernando Zago, Dongwon Han, Brandon S. Hensley, Devin Crichton, Renée Hložek, Peter Charles Hargrave, Frank J. Qu, Neelima Sehgal, Leila R. Vale, Matt Hilton, Gene C. Hilton, Joseph E. Golec, Heather Prince, Mandana Amiri, Alexander van Engelen, Maria Salatino, Loïc Maurin, Andrina Nicola, Lyman A. Page, Thibaut Louis, Steve K. Choi, Michael D. Niemack, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Nicholas F. Cothard, Victoria Calafut, Jonathan T. Ward, Carole Tucker, Arthur Kosowsky, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Kent D. Irwin, Hsiao-Mei Cho, Edward J. Wollack, Anna E. Fox, Ningfeng Zhu, Amanda MacInnis, Felipe Maldonado, Brian J. Koopman, Jeff McMahon, Cristóbal Sifón, Emmanuel Schaan, Johannes Hubmayr, Mark Halpern, Simone Ferraro, Hy Trac, Patricio A. Gallardo, Maximilian H. Abitbol, Taylor Baildon, Luis E. Campusano, Rebecca Jackson, Carlos Sierra, Felipe Menanteau, Jason R. Stevens, John P. Hughes, Cody J. Duell, Eric R. Switzer, Kirsten Hall, Rachel Bean, David Alonso, Choi, S, Hasselfield, M, Ho, S, Koopman, B, Lungu, M, Abitbol, M, Addison, G, Ade, P, Aiola, S, Alonso, D, Amiri, M, Amodeo, S, Angile, E, Austermann, J, Baildon, T, Battaglia, N, Beall, J, Bean, R, Becker, D, Richard Bond, J, Bruno, S, Calabrese, E, Calafut, V, Campusano, L, Carrero, F, Chesmore, G, Cho, H, Clark, S, Cothard, N, Crichton, D, Crowley, K, Darwish, O, Datta, R, Denison, E, Devlin, M, Duell, C, Duff, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Dunner, R, Essinger-Hileman, T, Fankhanel, M, Ferraro, S, Fox, A, Fuzia, B, Gallardo, P, Gluscevic, V, Golec, J, Grace, E, Gralla, M, Guan, Y, Hall, K, Halpern, M, Han, D, Hargrave, P, Henderson, S, Hensley, B, Colin Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hilton, M, Hincks, A, Hlozek, R, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Infante, L, Irwin, K, Jackson, R, Klein, J, Knowles, K, Kosowsky, A, Lakey, V, Li, D, Li, Y, Li, Z, Lokken, M, Louis, T, Macinnis, A, Madhavacheril, M, Maldonado, F, Mallaby-Kay, M, Marsden, D, Maurin, L, Mcmahon, J, Menanteau, F, Moodley, K, Morton, T, Naess, S, Namikawa, T, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Nibarger, J, Nicola, A, Niemack, M, Nolta, M, Orlowski-Sherer, J, Page, L, Pappas, C, Partridge, B, Phakathi, P, Prince, H, Puddu, R, Qu, F, Rivera, J, Robertson, N, Rojas, F, Salatino, M, Schaan, E, Schillaci, A, Schmitt, B, Sehgal, N, Sherwin, B, Sierra, C, Sievers, J, Sifon, C, Sikhosana, P, Simon, S, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Stevens, J, Storer, E, Sunder, D, Switzer, E, Thorne, B, Thornton, R, Trac, H, Treu, J, Tucker, C, Vale, L, van Engelen, A, van Lanen, J, Vavagiakis, E, Wagoner, K, Wang, Y, Ward, J, Wollack, E, Xu, Z, Zago, F, Zhu, N, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and ACT

Subjects
Physics, CMBR polarisation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Cosmic microwave background, Library science, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Cosmological parameters from CMBR, 0103 physical sciences, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, CMBR experiment, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present the temperature and polarization angular power spectra of the CMB measured by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) from 5400 deg$^2$ of the 2013-2016 survey, which covers $>$15000 deg$^2$ at 98 and 150 GHz. For this analysis we adopt a blinding strategy to help avoid confirmation bias and, related to this, show numerous checks for systematic error done before unblinding. Using the likelihood for the cosmological analysis we constrain secondary sources of anisotropy and foreground emission, and derive a "CMB-only" spectrum that extends to $\ell=4000$. At large angular scales, foreground emission at 150 GHz is $\sim$1% of TT and EE within our selected regions and consistent with that found by Planck. Using the same likelihood, we obtain the cosmological parameters for $\Lambda$CDM for the ACT data alone with a prior on the optical depth of $\tau=0.065\pm0.015$. $\Lambda$CDM is a good fit. The best-fit model has a reduced $\chi^2$ of 1.07 (PTE=0.07) with $H_0=67.9\pm1.5$ km/s/Mpc. We show that the lensing BB signal is consistent with $\Lambda$CDM and limit the celestial EB polarization angle to $\psi_P =-0.07^{\circ}\pm0.09^{\circ}$. We directly cross correlate ACT with Planck and observe generally good agreement but with some discrepancies in TE. All data on which this analysis is based will be publicly released., Comment: 44 pages, 27 figures, products available on the NASA LAMBDA website, version accepted for publication in JCAP

Published
2020
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32. The CHIME Pulsar Project: System Overview

Author

A. Renard, Paul Demorest, Laura Newburgh, B. W. Meyers, J. R. Shaw, A. E. Sikora, Ingrid H. Stairs, T. L. Landecker, M. A. Dobbs, Mandana Amiri, N. T. Denman, Scott M. Ransom, Calvin Leung, Jing Luo, A. Naidu, Cherry Ng, C. Brar, Victoria M. Kaspi, C. M. Tan, K. Vanderlinde, J. W. McKee, I. Tretyakov, H. Wang, Xin Wang, M. Fandino, C. Patel, Hsiu-Hsien Lin, F. Q. Dong, Alex S. Hill, Kiyoshi Masui, C. Höfer, Emmanuel Fonseca, J. F. Cliche, P. J. Boyle, Mark Halpern, Kevin Bandura, D. Cubranic, Daniele Michilli, J. Mena-Parra, Shriharsh P. Tendulkar, P. Scholz, Deborah C. Good, T. Pinsonneault-Marotte, and Kathryn Crowter

Subjects
astronomy data analysis, Physics, astronomical instrumentation, pulsar timing method, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, radio astronomy, 01 natural sciences, Astronomical instrumentation, Pulsar, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, astronomy data acquisition, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), radio pulsars, Radio astronomy
Abstract

We present the design, implementation and performance of a digital backend constructed for the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) that uses accelerated computing to observe radio pulsars and transient radio sources. When operating, the CHIME correlator outputs 10 independent streams of beamformed data for the CHIME/Pulsar backend that digitally track specified celestial positions. Each of these independent streams are processed by the CHIME/Pulsar backend system which can coherently dedisperse, in real-time, up to dispersion measure values of 2500 pc/cm$^{-3}$ . The tracking beams and real-time analysis system are autonomously controlled by a priority-based algorithm that schedules both known sources and positions of interest for observation with observing cadences as small as one day. Given the distribution of known pulsars and radio-transient sources, the CHIME/Pulsar system can monitor up to 900 positions once per sidereal day and observe all sources with declinations greater than $-20^\circ$ once every $\sim$2 weeks. We also discuss the science program enabled through the current modes of data acquisition for CHIME/Pulsar that centers on timing and searching experiments., Comment: 18 pages, 9 figures, 1 table. Submitted to ApJS

Published
2020
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33. Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Constraints on cosmic birefringence

Author

Michael D. Niemack, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Sigurd Naess, J. Richard Bond, Adam D. Hincks, Neelima Sehgal, Kavilan Moodley, Loïc Maurin, Thibaut Louis, Joanna Dunkley, Grace E. Chesmore, Frank J. Qu, Omar Darwish, Johannes Hubmayr, Simone Aiola, Gene C. Hilton, Lyman A. Page, Toshiya Namikawa, Rolando Dünner, Maya Mallaby-Kay, C. Sifon, Mark J. Devlin, Patricio A. Gallardo, Daniel T. Becker, Amanda MacInnis, Alexander van Engelen, Renée Hložek, John P. Nibarger, Sara M. Simon, Emilie R. Storer, Matthew Hasselfield, Blake D. Sherwin, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Yilun Guan, Laura Newburgh, Vera Gluscevic, Arthur Kosowsky, Jeff Van Lanen, Edward J. Wollack, Anna E. Fox, Brian J. Koopman, Erminia Calabrese, Jeff McMahon, James A. Beall, Steve K. Choi, Alessandro Schillaci, Naomi Robertson, Nicholas Battaglia, Marius Lungu, John P. Hughes, Suzanne T. Staggs, David N. Spergel, Federico Nati, Dongwon Han, Namikawa, T, Guan, Y, Darwish, O, Sherwin, B, Aiola, S, Battaglia, N, Beall, J, Becker, D, Bond, J, Calabrese, E, Chesmore, G, Choi, S, Devlin, M, Dunkley, J, Dunner, R, Fox, A, Gallardo, P, Gluscevic, V, Han, D, Hasselfield, M, Hilton, G, Hincks, A, Hlozek, R, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Louis, T, Lungu, M, Macinnis, A, Madhavacheril, M, Mallaby-Kay, M, Maurin, L, Mcmahon, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Nibarger, J, Niemack, M, Page, L, Qu, F, Robertson, N, Schillaci, A, Sehgal, N, Sifon, C, Simon, S, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Storer, E, Van Engelen, A, Van Lanen, J, Wollack, E, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
data analysis method, cosmological model, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Cosmic microwave background, cosmic background radiation: polarization, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, power spectrum, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Experiment, current: constraint, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), statistical analysis, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Cosmic Birefringence, CMB, Cosmology, inflation, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Axion, Physics, Birefringence, birefringence, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Chern-Simons term, photon, coupling constant, Polarization (waves), Massless particle, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Amplitude, axion, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], Atacama Cosmology Telescope, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, cosmic background radiation: anisotropy
Abstract

We present new constraints on anisotropic birefringence of the cosmic microwave background polarization using two seasons of data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope covering $456$ square degrees of sky. The birefringence power spectrum, measured using a curved-sky quadratic estimator, is consistent with zero. Our results provide the tightest current constraint on birefringence over a range of angular scales between $5$ arcminutes and $9$ degrees. We improve previous upper limits on the amplitude of a scale-invariant birefringence power spectrum by a factor of between $2$ and $3$. Assuming a nearly-massless axion field during inflation, our result is equivalent to a $2\,\sigma$ upper limit on the Chern-Simons coupling constant between axions and photons of $g_{\alpha\gamma}, Comment: 18 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in PRD

Published
2020

34. A bright millisecond-duration radio burst from a Galactic magnetar

Author

A. Josephy, B. W. Meyers, J. W. Kania, M. Rafiei-Ravandi, Laura Newburgh, Kyung-Hoon Shin, T. Chen, Gary Hinshaw, Hsiu-Hsien Lin, C. Brar, Dallas Wulf, A. V. Zwaniga, J. R. Shaw, T. L. Landecker, B. C. Andersen, A. Cook, Saranjit Singh, Kiyoshi Masui, C. Höfer, D. Michilli, Emmanuel Fonseca, M. M. Boyce, M. Fandino, Rick Smegal, C. Patel, Keith Vanderlinde, Bryan Gaensler, Mubdi Rahman, U. Giri, A. P. Curtin, F. Q. Dong, Ue-Li Pen, Scott M. Ransom, P. Chawla, M. Merryfield, Akanksha Bij, J. Mena-Parra, Kendrick M. Smith, A. Mirhosseini, T. Pinsonneault-Marotte, Kevin Bandura, Calvin Leung, Mohit Bhardwaj, D. Cubranic, M. A. Dobbs, V. M. Kaspi, Brendan M. Quine, J. F. Cliche, Cherry Ng, A. Naidu, Chime, Nolan Denman, T. Cassanelli, N. Milutinovic, Alex S. Hill, A. Renard, C. M. Tan, Mark Halpern, Ziggy Pleunis, Seth Siegel, Paul Scholz, I. Tretyakov, R. Mckinven, D. Z. Li, P. J. Boyle, Pranav Sanghavi, Shriharsh P. Tendulkar, Moritz Münchmeyer, Deborah C. Good, Ingrid H. Stairs, and H. Wang

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Fast radio burst, Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Magnetar, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, Neutron star, Orders of magnitude (time), 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Radio wave
Abstract

Magnetars are highly magnetized young neutron stars that occasionally produce enormous bursts and flares of X-rays and gamma-rays. Of the approximately thirty magnetars currently known in our Galaxy and Magellanic Clouds, five have exhibited transient radio pulsations. Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-duration bursts of radio waves arriving from cosmological distances. Some have been seen to repeat. A leading model for repeating FRBs is that they are extragalactic magnetars, powered by their intense magnetic fields. However, a challenge to this model has been that FRBs must have radio luminosities many orders of magnitude larger than those seen from known Galactic magnetars. Here we report the detection of an extremely intense radio burst from the Galactic magnetar SGR 1935+2154 using the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) FRB project. The fluence of this two-component bright radio burst and the estimated distance to SGR 1935+2154 together imply a 400-800 MHz burst energy of $\sim 3 \times 10^{34}$ erg, which is three orders of magnitude brighter than those of any radio-emitting magnetar detected thus far. Such a burst coming from a nearby galaxy would be indistinguishable from a typical FRB. This event thus bridges a large fraction of the radio energy gap between the population of Galactic magnetars and FRBs, strongly supporting the notion that magnetars are the origin of at least some FRBs., Comment: Submitted to Nature. This version: Geocentric arrival time corrected

Published
2020
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35. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Modeling the Gas Thermodynamics in BOSS CMASS galaxies from Kinematic and Thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Measurements

Author

Bruce Partridge, Zhilei Xu, Suzanne T. Staggs, Rolando Dünner, Emmanuel Schaan, Johannes Hubmayr, Federico Nati, Simone Ferraro, Michael D. Niemack, E. V. Denison, Victoria Calafut, Mark J. Devlin, Patricio A. Gallardo, Erminia Calabrese, Tony Mroczkowski, Jo Dunkley, Laura Newburgh, John P. Hughes, Emilie R. Storer, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Leila R. Vale, David N. Spergel, Edward J. Wollack, Joel N. Ullom, Dongwon Han, Shannon M. Duff, Jeff Van Lanen, Simone Aiola, Daniel T. Becker, Brian J. Koopman, James A. Beall, C. Sifon, Alessandro Schillaci, Jason E. Austermann, Lyman A. Page, Jeff McMahon, Sigurd Naess, Nicholas Battaglia, Matt Hilton, S. Amodeo, Renée Hložek, Gene C. Hilton, Alexander van Engelen, Steve K. Choi, J. Colin Hill, Richard J. Bond, Emily Moser, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Neelima Sehgal, Kirsten Hall, Rachel Bean, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Amanda MacInnis, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Kavilan Moodley, Amodeo, S, Battaglia, N, Schaan, E, Ferraro, S, Moser, E, Aiola, S, Austermann, J, Beall, J, Bean, R, Becker, D, Bond, R, Calabrese, E, Calafut, V, Choi, S, Denison, E, Devlin, M, Duff, S, Duivenvoorden, A, Dunkley, J, Dunner, R, Gallardo, P, Hall, K, Han, D, Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hilton, M, Hlozek, R, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Koopman, B, Macinnis, A, Mcmahon, J, Madhavacheril, M, Moodley, K, Mroczkowski, T, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack, M, Page, L, Partridge, B, Schillaci, A, Sehgal, N, Sifon, C, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Storer, E, Ullom, J, Vale, L, Van Engelen, A, Van Lanen, J, Vavagiakis, E, Wollack, E, and Xu, Z

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Stellar mass, astro-ph.GA, Thermodynamics, FOS: Physical sciences, Bioengineering, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, CMB, Atomic, 01 natural sciences, Virial theorem, Particle and Plasma Physics, Intracluster medium, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear, 010306 general physics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Quantum Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Molecular, Radius, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Baryon, Amplitude, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Atacama Cosmology Telescope, astro-ph.CO, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The thermal and kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effects (tSZ, kSZ) probe the thermodynamic properties of the circumgalactic and intracluster medium (CGM and ICM) of galaxies, groups, and clusters, since they are proportional, respectively, to the integrated electron pressure and momentum along the line-of-sight. We present constraints on the gas thermodynamics of CMASS galaxies in the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) using new measurements of the kSZ and tSZ signals obtained in a companion paper. Combining kSZ and tSZ measurements, we measure within our model the amplitude of energy injection $\epsilon M_\star c^2$, where $M_\star$ is the stellar mass, to be $\epsilon=(40\pm9)\times10^{-6}$, and the amplitude of the non-thermal pressure profile to be $\alpha_{\rm Nth}, Comment: Corrected error in the algorithm that calculates the kSZ temperature profile for a given GNFW density model. The value of $\log_{\rm10} \rho_0$ changed by 0.75$\sigma$ in Tab.II and Fig.2, and affected the results in the left panels of Fig. 6. Conclusions are unchanged. Erratum published at https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevD.107.049903

Published
2020
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36. Precision Epoch of Reionization Studies with Next-Generation CMB Experiments

Author

Erminia Calabrese, Renee Hlozek, Nick Battaglia, J Richard Bond, Francesco de Bernardis, Mark J Devlin, Amir Hajian, Shawn Henderson, J Colin Hil, Arthur Kosowsky, Thibaut Louis, Jeff McMahon, Kavilan Moodley, Laura Newburgh, Michael D Niemack, Lyman A Page, Bruce Partridge, Neelima Sehgal, Jonathan L Sievers, David N Spergel, Suzanne T Staggs, Eric R Switzer, Hy Trac, and Edward J Wollack

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

Future arcminute resolution polarization data from ground-based Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) observations can be used to estimate the contribution to the temperature power spectrum from the primary anisotropies and to uncover the signature of reionization near l = 1500 in the small angular-scale temperature measurements. Our projections are based on combining expected small-scale E-mode polarization measurements from Advanced ACTPol in the range 300 < l < 3000 with simulated temperature data from the full Planck mission in the low and intermediate l region, 2 < l < 2000. We show that the six basic cosmological parameters determined from this combination of data will predict the underlying primordial temperature spectrum at high multipoles to better than 1% accuracy. Assuming an efficient cleaning from multi-frequency channels of most foregrounds in the temperature data, we investigate the sensitivity to the only residual secondary component, the kinematic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) term. The CMB polarization is used to break degeneracies between primordial and secondary terms present in temperature and, in effect, to remove from the temperature data all but the residual kSZ term. We estimate a 15 sigma detection of the di use homogeneous kSZ signal from expected AdvACT temperature data at l > 1500, leading to a measurement of the amplitude of matter density fluctuations, sigma 8, at 1% precision.

Published
2014
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37. Basic Research Needs for High Energy Physics Detector Research & Development: Report of the Office of Science Workshop on Basic Research Needs for HEP Detector Research and Development: December 11-14, 2019

Author

Bonnie Fleming, Ian Shipsey, Marcel Demarteau, James Fast, Sunil Golwala, Young-Kee Kim, Abraham Seiden, James Hirschauer, Gabriella Sciolla, Ornella Palamara, Kate Scholberg, Jodi Cooley, Dan McKinsey, Clarence Chang, Brenna Flaugher, Sarah Demers, Monica Pepe-Altarelli, Francesco Lanni, Roger Rusack, Roxanne Guenette, Jocelyn Monroe, Lindley Winslow, Peter Krizan, Andrew Geraci, Kent Irwin, Gabriella Carini, Mitch Newcomer, Marina Artuso, Carl Haber, Darin Acosta, Tulika Bose, Michael Begel, Meenakshi Narain, Daniel Dwyer, Amy Connolly, Andrew Sonnenschein, Reyco Henning, Kyle Dawson, Laura Newburgh, Matthew Reece, Nicola Serra, Nural Akchurin, Sarah Eno, Paolo Rumerio, Renyuan Zhu, Jennifer Raaf, Andrea Pocar, Jonathan Asaadi, Hugh Lippincott, Graham Giovanetti, Adriana Lita, Felix Sefkow, Gretchen Campbell, Alexander Sushkov, Ronald Walsworth, Anna Grassellino, Angelo Dragone, Maurice Garcia-Sciveres, Terri Shaw, Julia Thom-Levy, Alessandro Tricoli, Petra Merkel, Wesley Ketchum, Jinlong Zhang, Paul O'Connor, Georgia Karagiorgi, Christie Ashton, Lali Chaterjee, Peter Lee, Donald Hornback, Helmut Marsiske, Michelle Shinn, Karen Byrum, Glen Crawford, Elaine Lessner, Donna Nevels, Gulshan Rai, Kathy Turner, and Randall Ruchti

Published
2019

38. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: measuring radio galaxy bias through cross-correlation with lensing

Author

Laura Newburgh, Edward J. Wollack, Kavilan Moodley, Arthur Kosowsky, Blake D. Sherwin, Suzanne T. Staggs, Michael D. Niemack, Alexander van Engelen, Jeff McMahon, Thibaut Louis, Renée Hlozek, Mark J. Devlin, Joanna Dunkley, Patricio A. Gallardo, David N. Spergel, Rupert Allison, Erminia Calabrese, Shawn W. Henderson, J. Richard Bond, Bruce Partridge, Lyman A. Page, Sam N. Lindsay, Francesco De Bernardis, Sigurd Naess, Matt J. Jarvis, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Adam D. Hincks, and Neelima Sehgal

Subjects
Active galactic nucleus, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Radio galaxy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic microwave background, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Mathematics::Numerical Analysis, Mathematics::Probability, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Cross-correlation, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Redshift, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We correlate the positions of radio galaxies in the FIRST survey with the CMB lensing convergence estimated from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope over 470 square degrees to determine the bias of these galaxies. We remove optically cross-matched sources below redshift $z=0.2$ to preferentially select Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). We measure the angular cross-power spectrum $C_l^{\kappa g}$ at $4.4\sigma$ significance in the multipole range $100, Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures. Submitted to MNRAS

Published
2019

39. CMB-S4 Decadal Survey APC White Paper

Author

Shaul Hanany, Georges Obied, J. Colin Hill, Thomas Cecil, Keith L. Thompson, Adam Anderson, Michael L. Brown, Doug Johnstone, Lorenzo Moncelsi, Erminia Calabrese, Howard Hui, Haruki Nishino, Sara M. Simon, James Kerby, Theodore Kisner, K. T. Story, Moritz Münchmeyer, Aritoki Suzuki, Joseph J. Mohr, Adrian T. Lee, Bradley R. Johnson, Sanah Bhimani, W. C. Jones, A. E. Lowitz, Nathan Whitehorn, Valentine Novosad, Marcelo A. Alvarez, Anze Slosar, Kam Arnold, Kevork N. Abazajian, Mustafa A. Amin, Evan Grohs, Abigail G. Vieregg, Siavash Yasini, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Julien Carron, Ritoban Basu Thakur, Jean-Baptiste Melin, Shawn W. Henderson, Asantha Cooray, Chris Stoughton, Peter Timbie, Matteo Bonato, Ki Won Yoon, Blakesley Burkhart, Salman Habib, T. Natoli, Jacques Delabrouille, Carlo Baccigalupi, Victor Guarino, Steven W. Allen, Kathy Bailey, Aurelien A. Fraisse, Osamu Tajima, Silvia Galli, Denis Barkats, Antony Lewis, Ari Cukierman, Johannes Hubmayr, Marilena LoVerde, Erik Shirokoff, G. P. Holder, James G. Bartlett, James Yeck, Dale Li, N. W. Halverson, Graeme E. Addison, Adam Mantz, Matthieu Tristram, Laura Newburgh, Sarah Shandera, Alessandro Schillaci, Lindsey Bleem, Raphael Flauger, Marcel Schmittfull, S. Pandey, Kent D. Irwin, N. Kurita, Gregory S. Tucker, Matthew Hasselfield, Reijo Keskitalo, Levon Pogosian, Rachel S. Somerville, C. D. Sheehy, Srini Rajagopalan, Jesse Treu, Giuseppe Puglisi, Eric J. Baxter, John M Kovac, Emmanuel Schaan, Marcel Demarteau, Akito Kusaka, Suzanne T. Staggs, Kirit Karkare, Josquin Errard, Thomas Essinger-Hileman, Anne Lähteenmäki, Mattia Negrello, Toshiya Namikawa, Zhilei Xu, Mark Halpern, Simone Ferraro, Edo Berger, François R. Bouchet, Zeeshan Ahmed, Frederick Matsuda, Joseph Eimer, Alexandra S. Rahlin, W. L. Kimmy Wu, Giulio Fabbian, Chao-Lin Kuo, Christian L. Reichardt, Marius Millea, Stephen Padin, A. T. Crites, Joel Meyers, William Edwards, R. Gualtieri, Jason W. Henning, Arthur Kosowsky, Edward J. Wollack, W. L. Holzapfel, Michael D. Niemack, John E. Carlstrom, Rachel Bean, Cora Dvorkin, Ely D. Kovetz, David Alonso, Nicholas Battaglia, Sean Bryan, Gianfranco De Zotti, Anthony Challinor, Graca Rocha, Federico Nati, Jeffrey P. Filippini, Katrin Heitmann, Eric V. Linder, Antony A. Stark, Martin Nordby, Grant Teply, Benjamin Saliwanchik, Peter Adshead, P. Daniel Meerburg, Victoria Calafut, Francis-Yan Cyr-Racine, M.E. Huffer, Chris Bebek, Lloyd Knox, Masashi Hazumi, Eleonora Di Valentino, Natalie A. Roe, Nicholas Galitzki, Masaya Hasegawa, Sarah Kernovsky, Victor Buza, Darcy Barron, C. Pryke, Tijmen de Haan, Tony Mroczkowski, Vera Gluscevic, Andrea Zonca, Daniel Green, Kimberly K. Boddy, Srinivasan Raghunathan, Jeff McMahon, J. E. Ruhl, Steve Kuhlmann, Blake D. Sherwin, Joaquin Vieira, Peter S. Barry, Daisuke Nagai, Karen Byrum, Neelima Sehgal, Murdock Gilchriese, Marco Raveri, M. Tomasi, Douglas Scott, James J. Bock, Martin White, Chang Feng, Ken Ganga, Martina Gerbino, Suvodip Mukherjee, Radek Stompor, Gensheng Wang, B. Racine, Mark Reichanadter, Paul O'Connor, Alexander van Engelen, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Maria Salatino, Kathleen Harrington, Nobuhiko Katayama, Bradford Benson, Daniel Grin, Colin A. Bischoff, Charles R. Lawrence, Mark Vogelsberger, Shannon M. Duff, Scott Watson, Sebastian Bocquet, C. Umiltà, Andrei V. Frolov, C. L. Chang, Johanna Nagy, J. Richard Bond, Philip Daniel Mauskopf, B. Flaugher, Robert R. Caldwell, Mark J. Devlin, Renée Hlozek, Anirban Roy, Elena Pierpaoli, Amy N. Bender, Bruce Partridge, E. Y. Young, Matt Dobbs, Julian Borrill, Adriaan J. Duivenvoorden, Yuji Chinone, Mathieu Remazeilles, T. M. Crawford, Jon E. Gudmundsson, Hsiao-Mei Sherry Cho, and Gunther Haller

Subjects
White paper, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, Cosmic microwave background, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Environmental science, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Project plan, 010306 general physics, 01 natural sciences
Abstract

We provide an overview of the science case, instrument configuration and project plan for the next-generation ground-based cosmic microwave background experiment CMB-S4, for consideration by the 2020 Decadal Survey.

Published
2019

40. Research and Development for HI Intensity Mapping

Author

David Rapetti, Zeeshan Ahmed, Philip Bull, Kavilan Moodley, Lloyd Knox, Moritz Münchmeyer, Laura Newburgh, Alexander A. Kaurov, Joshua S. Dillon, Erin S. Sheldon, Dionysios Karagiannis, Adrian Liu, Daniel C. Jacobs, Evan J. Arena, Paul O'Connor, J. Richard Shaw, Simon Foreman, Kiyoshi Masui, Neelima Sehgal, Peter T. Timbie, Andrei Nomerotski, Dan Green, Tzu-Ching Chang, Alexander van Engelen, Olivier Perdereau, Adam P. Beardsley, Emanuele Castorina, Albert Stebbins, Aaron Ewall-Wice, Simone Ferraro, David Alonso, Paul Stankus, Chris Sheehy, Emily Kuhn, Benjamin Saliwanchik, Gilbert Holder, Kevin Bandura, Thomas McClintock, Tracy R. Slatyer, Dallas Wulf, Romeel Davé, Eva Silverstein, Yin-Zhe Ma, Francisco Villaescusa-Navarro, Anže Slosar, David Parkinson, William Tyndall, Josef Frisch, Gregory S. Tucker, Hamsa Padmanabhan, Reza Ansari, Andrej Obuljen, R. Shirley, and Mustafa A. Amin

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, Intensity mapping, Hydrogen line, Astronomy, Development (differential geometry), 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences
Abstract

The paper outlines research and development needed over the next decade to enable three-dimension mapping of the Universe using the 21 cm line of neutral hydrogen.

Published
2019

41. Packed Ultra-wideband Mapping Array (PUMA): A Radio Telescope for Cosmology and Transients

Author

Surjeet Rajendran, Emmanuel Schaan, Albert Stebbins, Thomas McClintock, Andrej Obuljen, Joshua S. Dillon, Simone Ferraro, J. Xavier Prochaska, Moritz Münchmeyer, R. Shirley, J. Richard Shaw, Kavilan Moodley, Marilena LoVerde, Cherry Ng, Francisco Villaescusa Navarro, Tzu-Ching Chang, Laura Newburgh, Nicholas Battaglia, David Rapetti, Anze Slosar, Lloyd Knox, Liam Connor, Jonathan Blazek, Eva Silverstein, Zeeshan Ahmed, Hamsa Padmanabhan, Erin S. Sheldon, Cora Dvorkin, Daniel C. Jacobs, Raphael Flauger, Evan J. Arena, Benjamin Saliwanchik, Gilbert Holder, Philip Bull, David Parkinson, Chris Sheehy, Benjamin Wallisch, Mustafa A. Amin, Dan Green, Tracy R. Slatyer, Josef Frisch, Alexander A. Kaurov, Dionysios Karagiannis, Peter T. Timbie, David Alonso, Emanuele Castorina, Kiyoshi Masui, Romeel Davé, Gregory S. Tucker, William Tyndall, Kevin Bandura, Adrian Liu, Paul O'Connor, Alexander van Engelen, Paul Stankus, Simon Foreman, Andrei Nomerotski, Matthew C. Johnson, Yin-Zhe Ma, Neelima Sehgal, and Martin White

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Intensity mapping, Astronomy, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Redshift, Galaxy, Cosmology, law.invention, Radio telescope, Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, Dark energy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Noise (radio)
Abstract

PUMA is a proposal for an ultra-wideband, low-resolution and transit interferometric radio telescope operating at $200-1100\,\mathrm{MHz}$. Its design is driven by six science goals which span three science themes: the physics of dark energy (measuring the expansion history and growth of the universe up to $z=6$), the physics of inflation (constraining primordial non-Gaussianity and primordial features) and the transient radio sky (detecting one million fast radio bursts and following up SKA-discovered pulsars). We propose two array configurations composed of hexagonally close-packed 6m dish arrangements with 50% fill factor. The initial 5,000 element 'petite array' is scientifically compelling, and can act as a demonstrator and a stepping stone to the full 32,000 element 'full array'. Viewed as a 21cm intensity mapping telescope, the program has the noise equivalent of a traditional spectroscopic galaxy survey comprised of 0.6 and 2.5 billion galaxies at a comoving wavenumber of $k=0.5\,h\mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$ spanning the redshift range $z = 0.3 - 6$ for the petite and full configurations, respectively. At redshifts beyond $z=2$, the 21cm technique is a uniquely powerful way of mapping the universe, while the low-redshift range will allow for numerous cross-correlations with existing and upcoming surveys. This program is enabled by the development of ultra-wideband radio feeds, cost-effective dish construction methods, commodity radio-frequency electronics driven by the telecommunication industry and the emergence of sufficient computing power to facilitate real-time signal processing that exploits the full potential of massive radio arrays. The project has an estimated construction cost of 55 and 330 million FY19 USD for the petite and full array configurations. Including R&D, design, operations and science analysis, the cost rises to 125 and 600 million FY19 USD, respectively.

Published
2019

42. Precision epoch of reionization studies with next-generation CMB experiments

Author

Renée Hložek, Laura Newburgh, Kavilan Moodley, Arthur Kosowsky, J. Richard Bond, Suzanne T. Staggs, Thibaut Louis, J. Colin Hill, David N. Spergel, Edward J. Wollack, Shawn W. Henderson, Bruce Partridge, Jeff McMahon, Jonathan Sievers, Neelima Sehgal, Erminia Calabrese, Francesco De Bernardis, Amir Hajian, Hy Trac, Mark J. Devlin, Lyman A. Page, Nick Battaglia, Eric R. Switzer, and Michael D. Niemack

Subjects
Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Cosmic microwave background, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Sigma, Spectral density, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Polarization (waves), 01 natural sciences, Temperature measurement, Amplitude, 13. Climate action, 0103 physical sciences, Anisotropy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Reionization, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Future arcminute resolution polarization data from ground-based Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) observations can be used to estimate the contribution to the temperature power spectrum from the primary anisotropies and to uncover the signature of reionization near $\ell=1500$ in the small angular-scale temperature measurements. Our projections are based on combining expected small-scale E-mode polarization measurements from Advanced ACTPol in the range $3001500$, leading to a measurement of the amplitude of matter density fluctuations, $\sigma_8$, at $1\%$ precision. Alternatively, by exploring the reionization signal encoded in the patchy kSZ measurements, we bound the time and duration of the reionization with $\sigma(z_{\rm re})=1.1$ and $\sigma(\Delta z_{\rm re})=0.2$. We find that these constraints degrade rapidly with large beam sizes, which highlights the importance of arcminute-scale resolution for future CMB surveys., Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures

Published
2019

43. Measurement of the splashback feature around SZ-selected Galaxy clusters with DES, SPT, and ACT

Author

Ofer Lahav, J. Carretero, David Brooks, M. Smith, R. C. Smith, B. Flaugher, Risa H. Wechsler, J. Gschwend, Daniel Gruen, Marcelle Soares-Santos, A. E. Evrard, T. N. Varga, Marcos Lima, Lindsey Bleem, J. P. Dietrich, L. N. da Costa, T. M. Crawford, Laura Newburgh, Jeff McMahon, D. W. Gerdes, David J. James, M. E.C. Swanson, Edward J. Wollack, K. Honscheid, V. Scarpine, L. A. Page, J. C. Hill, Z. Zhang, Antony A. Stark, Pablo Fosalba, Michael D. Niemack, K. Bechtol, Eli S. Rykoff, Federico Nati, Chihway Chang, A. K. Romer, Sebastian Bocquet, Carlos E. Cunha, G. Gutierrez, Eric J. Baxter, Simone Aiola, M. A. G. Maia, George Stein, Suzanne T. Staggs, Jennifer L. Marshall, C. J. Miller, Nick Battaglia, Ramon Miquel, P. Doel, John E. Carlstrom, R. H. Schindler, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Tim Eifler, Mark J. Devlin, Patricio A. Gallardo, Shantanu Desai, F. J. Castander, S. Patil, Zhilei Xu, Felipe Menanteau, Andrey V. Kravtsov, A. G. Kim, Steve K. Choi, Sigurd Naess, Loïc Maurin, Megan Gralla, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, Thomas McClintock, Gregory Tarle, Nikhel Gupta, A. Carnero Rosell, Ben Hoyle, E. J. Sanchez, S. P. Ho, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Flavia Sobreira, Elisabeth Krause, B. Partridge, S. Adhikari, Tesla E. Jeltema, Christian L. Reichardt, Juan Garcia-Bellido, E. Bertin, Bradford Benson, J. DeRose, E. Suchyta, Eduardo Rozo, Matt Hilton, D. L. Hollowood, S. Serrano, D. L. Burke, A. van Engelen, J. De Vicente, Kyler Kuehn, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, Jo Dunkley, Joseph J. Mohr, John P. Hughes, A. A. Plazas, W. G. Hartley, T. Shin, Bhuvnesh Jain, J. R. Bond, M. Carrasco Kind, David Rapetti, Enrique Gaztanaga, Hao-Yi Wu, Mark Brodwin, Shin, T, Adhikari, S, Baxter, E, Chang, C, Jain, B, Battaglia, N, Bleem, L, Bocquet, S, Derose, J, Gruen, D, Hilton, M, Kravtsov, A, Mcclintock, T, Rozo, E, Rykoff, E, Varga, T, Wechsler, R, Wu, H, Zhang, Z, Aiola, S, Allam, S, Bechtol, K, Benson, B, Bertin, E, Bond, J, Brodwin, M, Brooks, D, Buckley-Geer, E, Burke, D, Carlstrom, J, Rosell, A, Kind, M, Carretero, J, Castander, F, Choi, S, Cunha, C, Crawford, T, Da Costa, L, De Vicente, J, Desai, S, Devlin, M, Dietrich, J, Doel, P, Dunkley, J, Eifler, T, Evrard, A, Flaugher, B, Fosalba, P, Gallardo, P, Garcia-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Gerdes, D, Gralla, M, Gruendl, R, Gschwend, J, Gupta, N, Gutierrez, G, Hartley, W, Hill, J, Ho, S, Hollowood, D, Honscheid, K, Hoyle, B, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, James, D, Jeltema, T, Kim, A, Krause, E, Kuehn, K, Lahav, O, Lima, M, Madhavacheril, M, Maia, M, Marshall, J, Maurin, L, Mcmahon, J, Menanteau, F, Miller, C, Miquel, R, Mohr, J, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack, M, Ogando, R, Page, L, Partridge, B, Patil, S, Plazas, A, Rapetti, D, Reichardt, C, Romer, A, Sanchez, E, Scarpine, V, Schindler, R, Serrano, S, Smith, M, Smith, R, Soares-Santos, M, Sobreira, F, Staggs, S, Stark, A, Stein, G, Suchyta, E, Swanson, M, Tarle, G, Thomas, D, Van Engelen, A, Wollack, E, Xu, Z, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, ACT, and SPT

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, clusters: general [Galaxies], 01 natural sciences, Cosmology: observation, Cosmology, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), observations [Cosmology], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, STFC, QB, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, RCUK, Galaxies: evolution, Astronomy and Astrophysics, evolution [Galaxies], Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, South Pole Telescope, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), cosmology: observations, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, Halo, Galaxies: clusters: general, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present a detection of the splashback feature around galaxy clusters selected using their Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) signal. Recent measurements of the splashback feature around optically selected galaxy clusters have found that the splashback radius, $r_{\rm sp}$, is smaller than predicted by N-body simulations. A possible explanation for this discrepancy is that $r_{\rm sp}$ inferred from the observed radial distribution of galaxies is affected by selection effects related to the optical cluster-finding algorithms. We test this possibility by measuring the splashback feature in clusters selected via the SZ effect in data from the South Pole Telescope SZ survey and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Polarimeter survey. The measurement is accomplished by correlating these clusters with galaxies detected in the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 data. The SZ observable used to select clusters in this analysis is expected to have a tighter correlation with halo mass and to be more immune to projection effects and aperture-induced biases than optically selected clusters. We find that the measured $r_{\rm sp}$ for SZ-selected clusters is consistent with the expectations from simulations, although the small number of SZ-selected clusters makes a precise comparison difficult. In agreement with previous work, when using optically selected redMaPPer clusters, $r_{\rm sp}$ is $\sim$ $2\sigma$ smaller than in the simulations. These results motivate detailed investigations of selection biases in optically selected cluster catalogs and exploration of the splashback feature around larger samples of SZ-selected clusters. Additionally, we investigate trends in the galaxy profile and splashback feature as a function of galaxy color, finding that blue galaxies have profiles close to a power law with no discernible splashback feature, which is consistent with them being on their first infall into the cluster., Comment: 17 pages, 13 figures, published in MNRAS

Published
2019

44. The Simons Observatory: Astro2020 APC Whitepaper

Author

Abitbol, Maximilian H., Shunsuke, Adachi, Peter, Ade, James, Aguirre, Zeeshan, Ahmed, Simone, Aiola, Aamir, Ali, David, Alonso, Alvarez, Marcelo A., Kam, Arnold, Peter, Ashton, Zachary, Atkins, Jason, Austermann, Humna, Awan, Carlo, Baccigalupi, Taylor, Baildon, Anton Baleato Lizancos, Darcy, Barron, Nick, Battaglia, Richard, Battye, Eric, Baxter, Andrew, Bazarko, Beall, James A., Rachel, Bean, Dominic, Beck, Shawn, Beckman, Benjamin, Beringue, Tanay, Bhandarkar, Sanah, Bhimani, Federico, Bianchini, Steven, Boada, David, Boettger, Boris, Bolliet, Richard Bond, J., Julian, Borrill, Brown, Michael L., Sarah Marie Bruno, Sean, Bryan, Erminia, Calabrese, Victoria, Calafut, Paolo, Calisse, Julien, Carron, Carl, Fred. M., Juan, Cayuso, Anthony, Challinor, Grace, Chesmore, Yuji, Chinone, Jens, Chluba, Hsiao-Mei Sherry Cho, Steve, Choi, Susan, Clark, Philip, Clarke, Carlo, Contaldi, Gabriele, Coppi, Cothard, Nicholas F., Kevin, Coughlin, Will, Coulton, Devin, Crichton, Crowley, Kevin D., Crowley, Kevin T., Ari, Cukierman, D'Ewart, John M., Rolando, Dünner, Tijmen de Haan, Mark, Devlin, Simon, Dicker, Bradley, Dober, Duell, Cody J., Shannon, Duff, Adri, Duivenvoorden, Dunkley, Jo, Hamza El Bouhargani, Josquin, Errard, Giulio, Fabbian, Stephen, Feeney, James, Fergusson, Simone, Ferraro, Pedro, Fluxà, Katherine, Freese, Frisch, Josef C., Andrei, Frolov, George, Fuller, Nicholas, Galitzki, Gallardo, Patricio A., Jose Tomas Galvez Ghersi, Jiansong, Gao, Eric, Gawiser, Martina, Gerbino, Vera, Gluscevic, Neil, Goeckner-Wald, Joseph, Golec, Sam, Gordon, Megan, Gralla, Daniel, Green, Arpi, Grigorian, John, Groh, Chris, Groppi, Yilun, Guan, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Mark, Halpern, Dongwon, Han, Peter, Hargrave, Kathleen, Harrington, Masaya, Hasegawa, Matthew, Hasselfield, Makoto, Hattori, Victor, Haynes, Masashi, Hazumi, Erin, Healy, Henderson, Shawn W., Brandon, Hensley, Carlos, Hervias-Caimapo, Hill, Charles A., Colin Hill, J., Gene, Hilton, Matt, Hilton, Hincks, Adam D., Gary, Hinshaw, Renée, Hložek, Shirley, Ho, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, Hoang, Thuong D., Jonathan, Hoh, Hotinli, Selim C., Zhiqi, Huang, Johannes, Hubmayr, Kevin, Huffenberger, Hughes, John P., Anna, Ijjas, Margaret, Ikape, Kent, Irwin, Jaffe, Andrew H., Bhuvnesh, Jain, Oliver, Jeong, Matthew, Johnson, Daisuke, Kaneko, Karpel, Ethan D., Nobuhiko, Katayama, Brian, Keating, Reijo, Keskitalo, Theodore, Kisner, Kenji, Kiuchi, Jeff, Klein, Kenda, Knowles, Anna, Kofman, Brian, Koopman, Arthur, Kosowsky, Nicoletta, Krachmalnicoff, Akito, Kusaka, Phil, Laplante, Jacob, Lashner, Adrian, Lee, Eunseong, Lee, Antony, Lewis, Yaqiong, Li, Zack, Li, Michele, Limon, Eric, Linder, Jia, Liu, Carlos, Lopez-Caraballo, Thibaut, Louis, Marius, Lungu, Mathew, Madhavacheril, Daisy, Mak, Felipe, Maldonado, Hamdi, Mani, Ben, Mates, Frederick, Matsuda, Loïc, Maurin, Phil, Mauskopf, Andrew, May, Nialh, Mccallum, Heather, Mccarrick, Chris, Mckenney, Jeff, Mcmahon, Daniel Meerburg, P., James, Mertens, Joel, Meyers, Amber, Miller, Mark, Mirmelstein, Kavilan, Moodley, Jenna, Moore, Moritz, Munchmeyer, Charles, Munson, Masaaki, Murata, Sigurd, Naess, Toshiya, Namikawa, Federico, Nati, Martin, Navaroli, Laura, Newburgh, Ho Nam Nguyen, Andrina, Nicola, Mike, Niemack, Haruki, Nishino, Yume, Nishinomiya, John, Orlowski-Scherer, Luca, Pagano, Bruce, Partridge, Francesca, Perrotta, Phumlani, Phakathi, Lucio, Piccirillo, Elena, Pierpaoli, Giampaolo, Pisano, Davide, Poletti, Roberto, Puddu, Giuseppe, Puglisi, Chris, Raum, Reichardt, Christian L., Mathieu, Remazeilles, Yoel, Rephaeli, Dominik, Riechers, Felipe, Rojas, Aditya, Rotti, Anirban, Roy, Sharon, Sadeh, Yuki, Sakurai, Maria, Salatino, Mayuri Sathyanarayana Rao, Lauren, Saunders, Emmanuel, Schaan, Marcel, Schmittfull, Neelima, Sehgal, Joseph, Seibert, Uros, Seljak, Paul, Shellard, Blake, Sherwin, Meir, Shimon, Carlos, Sierra, Jonathan, Sievers, Cristobal, Sifon, Precious, Sikhosana, Maximiliano, Silva-Feaver, Simon, Sara M., Adrian, Sinclair, Kendrick, Smith, Wuhyun, Sohn, Rita, Sonka, David, Spergel, Jacob, Spisak, Staggs, Suzanne T., George, Stein, Stevens, Jason R., Radek, Stompor, Aritoki, Suzuki, Osamu, Tajima, Satoru, Takakura, Grant, Teply, Thomas, Daniel B., Ben, Thorne, Robert, Thornton, Trac, Hy, Jesse, Treu, Calvin, Tsai, Carole, Tucker, Joel, Ullom, Vagnozzi, Sunny, Alexander van Engelen, Jeff Van Lanen, Van Winkle, Daniel D., Vavagiakis, Eve M., Clara, Vergès, Michael, Vissers, Kasey, Wagoner, Samantha, Walker, Yuhan, Wang, Jon, Ward, Ben, Westbrook, Nathan, Whitehorn, Jason, Williams, Joel, Williams, Edward, Wollack, Zhilei, Xu, Siavash, Yasini, Edward, Young, Byeonghee, Yu, Cyndia, Yu, Fernando, Zago, Mario, Zannoni, Hezi, Zhang, Kaiwen, Zheng, Ningfeng, Zhu, and Andrea, Zonca

Published
2019

45. The CHIME Fast Radio Burst Project: System Overview

Author

A. Josephy, Bryan Gaensler, T. L. Landecker, Scott M. Ransom, M. Fandino, E. Fonseca, Laura Newburgh, A. Naidu, M. M. Boyce, K. Vanderlinde, S. R. Siegel, P. J. Boyle, S. P. Tendulkar, Cherry Ng, D. V. Wiebe, Charanjot Brar, Ziggy Pleunis, H. Liao, Kendrick M. Smith, A. Renard, M. Dobbs, Kris Sigurdson, Victoria M. Kaspi, Ingrid H. Stairs, C. Höfer, M. Rafiei Ravandi, M. Amiri, Ue-Li Pen, Philippe Berger, M. Burhanpurkar, Gary Hinshaw, J. Mena-Parra, S. Guliani, T. Pinsonneault-Marotte, Mohit Bhardwaj, J. F. Cliche, A. J. Gilbert, J. Chowdhury, M. Deng, Kevin Bandura, Mark Halpern, D. Cubranic, D. Lang, Miles Cranmer, P. Scholz, Kiyoshi Masui, N. Denman, P. Chawla, C. Patel, Utkarsh Giri, and Deborah C. Good

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Fast radio burst, Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment, Real-time computing, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Methods observational, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

The Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) is a novel transit radio telescope operating across the 400-800-MHz band. CHIME is comprised of four 20-m x 100-m semi-cylindrical paraboloid reflectors, each of which has 256 dual-polarization feeds suspended along its axis, giving it a >200 square degree field-of-view. This, combined with wide bandwidth, high sensitivity, and a powerful correlator makes CHIME an excellent instrument for the detection of Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs). The CHIME Fast Radio Burst Project (CHIME/FRB) will search beam-formed, high time-and frequency-resolution data in real time for FRBs in the CHIME field-of-view. Here we describe the CHIME/FRB backend, including the real-time FRB search and detection software pipeline as well as the planned offline analyses. We estimate a CHIME/FRB detection rate of 2-42 FRBs/sky/day normalizing to the rate estimated at 1.4-GHz by Vander Wiel et al. (2016). Likely science outcomes of CHIME/FRB are also discussed. CHIME/FRB is currently operational in a commissioning phase, with science operations expected to commence in the latter half of 2018., 27 pages, submitted to ApJ

Published
2018
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46. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: The Two-season ACTPol Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect Selected Cluster Catalog

Author

Kavilan Moodley, David N. Spergel, Rolando Dünner, Simone Aiola, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Federico Nati, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Laura Newburgh, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Sigurd Naess, Adam D. Hincks, Thibaut Louis, Loïc Maurin, Tobias A. Marriage, Matthew Hasselfield, Suzanne T. Staggs, Benjamin L. Schmitt, Bruce Partridge, S. P. Ho, Megan Gralla, Brian J. Koopman, Edward J. Wollack, Nicholas Battaglia, Jeff McMahon, J. Richard Bond, Joanna Dunkley, V. Bharadwaj, Lyman A. Page, Masamune Oguri, Michael D. Niemack, Rahul Datta, Devin Crichton, Steve K. Choi, Matt Hilton, Alexander van Engelen, John P. Hughes, Arthur Kosowsky, Hironao Miyatake, Johannes Hubmayr, Hy Trac, Mark J. Devlin, Patricio A. Gallardo, Cristóbal Sifón, Jon Sievers, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ACT, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Hilton, M, Hasselfield, M, Sifón, C, Battaglia, N, Aiola, S, Bharadwaj, V, Bond, J, Choi, S, Crichton, D, Datta, R, Devlin, M, Dunkley, J, Dünner, R, Gallardo, P, Gralla, M, Hincks, A, Ho, S, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Louis, T, Madhavacheril, M, Marriage, T, Maurin, L, Mcmahon, J, Miyatake, H, Moodley, K, Næss, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Niemack, M, Oguri, M, Page, L, Partridge, B, Schmitt, B, Sievers, J, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Trac, H, Engelen, A, Vavagiakis, E, and Wollack, E

Subjects
Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Cosmic Microwave Background, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Effect, Cluster Catalog, cosmology: large-scale structure of universe, FOS: Physical sciences, Library science, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Square kilometre array, Space and Planetary Science, galaxies: clusters: general, cosmology: observations, 0103 physical sciences, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, Christian ministry, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present a catalog of 182 galaxy clusters detected through the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope in a contiguous 987.5 deg$^{2}$ field. The clusters were detected as SZ decrements by applying a matched filter to 148 GHz maps that combine the original ACT equatorial survey with data from the first two observing seasons using the ACTPol receiver. Optical/IR confirmation and redshift measurements come from a combination of large public surveys and our own follow-up observations. Where necessary, we measured photometric redshifts for clusters using a pipeline that achieves accuracy $��z/(1 + z)=0.015$ when tested on SDSS data. Under the assumption that clusters can be described by the so-called Universal Pressure Profile and its associated mass-scaling law, the full signal-to-noise > 4 sample spans the mass range $1.6 < M^{\rm UPP}_{\rm 500c}/10^{14}{\rm M}_{\odot} 4 \times 10^{14}$ M$_{\odot}$ is consistent with the number of such clusters found in the South Pole Telescope SZ survey., Accepted for publication in ApJS; 38 pages, 31 figures; a .fits table that combines tables A1-A3 is available from https://acru.ukzn.ac.za/~mjh/ACTPol_E-D56Catalog (and will be posted on LAMBDA soon)

Published
2018

47. A compression scheme for radio data in high performance computing

Author

Juan Mena Parra, David Hanna, Meiling Deng, J. R. Shaw, Keith Vanderlinde, Adam D. Hincks, Laura Newburgh, Mandana Amiri, Gary Hinshaw, Kiyoshi Masui, C. Höfer, Liam Connor, Mark Halpern, and M. Fandino

Subjects
Lossless compression, Radiometer, Computer science, Rounding, FOS: Physical sciences, 020206 networking & telecommunications, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Data_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORY, 02 engineering and technology, computer.file_format, Hierarchical Data Format, Supercomputer, 01 natural sciences, Computer Science Applications, Pathfinder, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Single-core, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, computer, Algorithm, Data compression
Abstract

We present a procedure for efficiently compressing astronomical radio data for high performance applications. Integrated, post-correlation data are first passed through a nearly lossless rounding step which compares the precision of the data to a generalized and calibration-independent form of the radiometer equation. This allows the precision of the data to be reduced in a way that has an insignificant impact on the data. The newly developed Bitshuffle lossless compression algorithm is subsequently applied. When the algorithm is used in conjunction with the HDF5 library and data format, data produced by the CHIME Pathfinder telescope is compressed to 28% of its original size and decompression throughputs in excess of 1 GB/s are obtained on a single core., Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. As published in Astronomy and Computing special issue on "The future of astronomical data formats"

Published
2015

48. Limits on the Ultra-bright Fast Radio Burst Population from the CHIME Pathfinder

Author

Peter Klages, Emilie Storer, Liam Connor, Meiling Deng, R. S. Domagalski, Keith Vanderlinde, S. R. Siegel, T. L. Landecker, M. A. Dobbs, Mandana Amiri, A. Renard, Laura Newburgh, Kris Sigurdson, Philippe Berger, Kiyoshi Masui, A. J. Gilbert, C. Höfer, D. S. Hanna, Deborah C. Good, Mark Halpern, Jeffrey B. Peterson, T. Pinsonneault-Marotte, J. Mena-Parra, Kendrick M. Smith, J. R. Bond, J. F. Cliche, J. R. Shaw, Niels Oppermann, I. Tretyakov, Kevin Bandura, M. Fandino, G. Hsyu, Adam D. Hincks, Ue-Li Pen, Nolan Denman, Gary Hinshaw, D. V. Wiebe, and High Energy Astrophys. & Astropart. Phys (API, FNWI)

Subjects
Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), education.field_of_study, Fast radio burst, media_common.quotation_subject, Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Field of view, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Power law, Pathfinder, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, 010306 general physics, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common
Abstract

We present results from a new incoherent-beam Fast Radio Burst (FRB) search on the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) Pathfinder. Its large instantaneous field of view (FoV) and relative thermal insensitivity allow us to probe the ultra-bright tail of the FRB distribution, and to test a recent claim that this distribution's slope, $\alpha\equiv-\frac{\partial \log N}{\partial \log S}$, is quite small. A 256-input incoherent beamformer was deployed on the CHIME Pathfinder for this purpose. If the FRB distribution were described by a single power-law with $\alpha=0.7$, we would expect an FRB detection every few days, making this the fastest survey on sky at present. We collected 1268 hours of data, amounting to one of the largest exposures of any FRB survey, with over 2.4\,$\times$\,10$^5$\,deg$^2$\,hrs. Having seen no bursts, we have constrained the rate of extremely bright events to $

Published
2017

49. Detection of the pairwise kinematic sunyaev-zel'dovich effect with boss dr11 and the atacama cosmology telescope

Author

Federico Nati, F. De Bernardis, Suzanne T. Staggs, Kavilan Moodley, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Simone Aiola, M. Lungu, Kevin Coughlin, Neelima Sehgal, Jeff McMahon, Eve M. Vavagiakis, David N. Spergel, Loïc Maurin, Shawn W. Henderson, Matthew Hasselfield, Hsiao-Mei Sherry Cho, Thibaut Louis, Sara M. Simon, Renée Hlozek, James A. Beall, Jonathan Sievers, A. van Engelen, Lyman A. Page, Joanna Dunkley, Robert Thornton, Rolando Dünner, Kent D. Irwin, Dan Becker, Edward J. Wollack, Dale Li, Benjamin L. Schmitt, Arthur Kosowsky, Brian J. Koopman, Gene C. Hilton, Rahul Datta, Nick Battaglia, J. Van Lanen, Erminia Calabrese, John P. Nibarger, John Bond, Laura Newburgh, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Nick Hand, Matt Hilton, Jason R. Stevens, Michael D. Niemack, Sigurd Naess, B. Partridge, J. C. Hill, John P. Hughes, Adam D. Hincks, Anna E. Fox, Emmanuel Schaan, Johannes Hubmayr, Mark Halpern, Simone Ferraro, Mark J. Devlin, Patricio A. Gallardo, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Bernardis, F, Aiola, S, Vavagiakis, E, Battaglia, N, Niemack, M, Beall, J, Becker, D, Bond, J, Calabrese, E, Cho, H, Coughlin, K, Datta, R, Devlin, M, Dunkley, J, Dunner, R, Ferraro, S, Fox, A, Gallardo, P, Halpern, M, Hand, N, Hasselfield, M, Henderson, S, Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hilton, M, Hincks, A, Hlozek, R, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Irwin, K, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Li, D, Louis, T, Lungu, M, Madhavacheril, M, Maurin, L, Mcmahon, J, Moodley, K, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Nibarger, J, Page, L, Partridge, B, Schaan, E, Schmitt, B, Sehgal, N, Sievers, J, Simon, S, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Stevens, J, Thornton, R, Engelen, A, Lanen, J, and Wollack, E

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), galaxy survey, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect, Atomic, 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, Particle and Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, CMBR experiments, Nuclear, galaxy surveys, hydrodynamical simulations, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Molecular, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Galaxy, Baryon, Amplitude, hydrodynamical simulation, Sky, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, astro-ph.CO, Halo, CMBR experiment, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present a new measurement of the kinematic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect using data from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) and the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS). Using 600 square degrees of overlapping sky area, we evaluate the mean pairwise baryon momentum associated with the positions of 50,000 bright galaxies in the BOSS DR11 Large Scale Structure catalog. A non-zero signal arises from the large-scale motions of halos containing the sample galaxies. The data fits an analytical signal model well, with the optical depth to microwave photon scattering as a free parameter determining the overall signal amplitude. We estimate the covariance matrix of the mean pairwise momentum as a function of galaxy separation, using microwave sky simulations, jackknife evaluation, and bootstrap estimates. The most conservative simulation-based errors give signal-to-noise estimates between 3.6 and 4.1 for varying galaxy luminosity cuts. We discuss how the other error determinations can lead to higher signal-to-noise values, and consider the impact of several possible systematic errors. Estimates of the optical depth from the average thermal Sunyaev-Zeldovich signal at the sample galaxy positions are broadly consistent with those obtained from the mean pairwise momentum signal., 15 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables

Published
2017

50. The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: Two-Season ACTPol Spectra and Parameters

Author

Brian J. Koopman, Jeff McMahon, Kavilan Moodley, Joanna Dunkley, Felipe Menanteau, David N. Spergel, Simon Muya Kasanda, Jesse Treu, Graeme E. Addison, J. Richard Bond, Shawn W. Henderson, Sara M. Simon, Simone Aiola, John P. Hughes, Matt Hilton, Joseph W. Britton, Alexander van Engelen, Tobias A. Marriage, Jonathan T. Ward, Robert Thornton, Michael R. Nolta, Christine G. Pappas, Rahul Datta, Peter A. R. Ade, Gene C. Hilton, Jeff Klein, Nicholas Battaglia, Mathew S. Madhavacheril, Matthew Hasselfield, Arthur Kosowsky, Benjamin L. Schmitt, Devin Crichton, Charles Munson, Thibaut Louis, Zhiqi Huang, Erminia Calabrese, Kevin Coughlin, Francesco De Bernardis, Neelima Sehgal, Megan Gralla, Kent D. Irwin, Hsiao-Mei Cho, J. Colin Hill, Edward J. Wollack, Michael D. Niemack, Steve K. Choi, Loïc Maurin, Lyman A. Page, Suzanne T. Staggs, S. P. Patty Ho, Federico Nati, Mandana Amiri, Kevin M. Huffenberger, Emmanuel Schaan, Johannes Hubmayr, Eric R. Switzer, Elio Angile, Mark Halpern, Simone Ferraro, James A. Beall, Kevin T. Crowley, Hy Trac, Mark J. Devlin, Patricio A. Gallardo, R. Allison, Simon Dicker, Sigurd Naess, Leopoldo Infante, Laura Newburgh, Dale Li, Adam D. Hincks, Carole Tucker, Bruce Partridge, Anna E. Fox, Jon Sievers, Renée Hlozek, E. Grace, Felipe Rojas, Rolando Dünner, John P. Nibarger, Marius Lungu, Carolina Núñez, Blake D. Sherwin, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), ACTPol, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Louis, T, Grace, E, Hasselfield, M, Lungu, M, Maurin, L, Addison, G, Ade, P, Aiola, S, Allison, R, Amiri, M, Angile, E, Battaglia, N, Beall, J, De Bernardis, F, Bond, J, Britton, J, Calabrese, E, Cho, H, Choi, S, Coughlin, K, Crichton, D, Crowley, K, Datta, R, Devlin, M, Dicker, S, Dunkley, J, Dünner, R, Ferraro, S, Fox, A, Gallardo, P, Gralla, M, Halpern, M, Henderson, S, Hill, J, Hilton, G, Hilton, M, Hincks, A, Hlozek, R, Patty Ho, S, Huang, Z, Hubmayr, J, Huffenberger, K, Hughes, J, Infante, L, Irwin, K, Kasanda, S, Klein, J, Koopman, B, Kosowsky, A, Li, D, Madhavacheril, M, Marriage, T, Mcmahon, J, Menanteau, F, Moodley, K, Munson, C, Naess, S, Nati, F, Newburgh, L, Nibarger, J, Niemack, M, Nolta, M, Nuñez, C, Page, L, Pappas, C, Partridge, B, Rojas, F, Schaan, E, Schmitt, B, Sehgal, N, Sherwin, B, Sievers, J, Simon, S, Spergel, D, Staggs, S, Switzer, E, Thornton, R, Trac, H, Treu, J, Tucker, C, Engelen, A, Ward, J, and Wollack, E

Subjects
cosmological model, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Atomic, Particle and Plasma Physics, CMBR experiments, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QC, media_common, QB, helium: primordial, Physics, Hubble constant, Celestial equator, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, cosmological parameters from CMBR, Planck temperature, CMB cold spot, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Atacama Cosmology Telescope, symbols, astro-ph.CO, power spectrum: angular dependence, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Neutrino, CMBR experiment, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, CMBR polarisation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), satellite: Planck, media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, symbols.namesake, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear, Planck, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, beam: polarization, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, baryon: density, Molecular, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, Sky, WMAP, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Hubble's law
Abstract

We present the temperature and polarization angular power spectra measured by the Atacama Cosmology Telescope Polarimeter (ACTPol). We analyze night-time data collected during 2013-14 using two detector arrays at 149 GHz, from 548 deg$^2$ of sky on the celestial equator. We use these spectra, and the spectra measured with the MBAC camera on ACT from 2008-10, in combination with Planck and WMAP data to estimate cosmological parameters from the temperature, polarization, and temperature-polarization cross-correlations. We find the new ACTPol data to be consistent with the LCDM model. The ACTPol temperature-polarization cross-spectrum now provides stronger constraints on multiple parameters than the ACTPol temperature spectrum, including the baryon density, the acoustic peak angular scale, and the derived Hubble constant. Adding the new data to planck temperature data tightens the limits on damping tail parameters, for example reducing the joint uncertainty on the number of neutrino species and the primordial helium fraction by 20%., 23 pages, 25 figures

Published
2017

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