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Introducción: El síndrome 3M combina retardo de crecimiento prenatal y postnatal severo, dismorfias faciales (semeja facies "melancólica") y anomalías radiológicas. Es una enfermedad infrecuente de la que hasta el momento se han descrito alrededor de 200 casos. "3M" se refiere a las iniciales de los tres autores que describieron este síndrome. Los rasgos faciales característicos son: cabeza relativamente grande, dolicocefalia, abombamiento frontal, cara triangular, mentón prominente, nariz antevertida, labios gruesos, cejas gruesas, surco nasolabial largo e hipoplasia de tercio medio de cara. Los hallazgos radiológicos, que van apareciendo con la edad son costillas y huesos largos finos y delgados, y cuerpos vertebrales altos. El síndrome 3M se transmite como un rasgo autosómico recesivo y es genéticamente heterogéneo. Objetivo: Descripción del caso clínico de una nina actualmente de 10 años de edad en el que se confirmó este síndrome. Caso clínico: Nina referida a Genética a los 15 meses de vida, por talla baja severa, dismorfias y malformaciones. Su seguimiento clínico y radiológico permitió plantear y confirmar este diagnóstico. Conclusión: En ocasiones sólo el seguimiento longitudinal de pacientes con talla baja severa permite que se evidencien alteraciones sugerentes de un diagnóstico específico. La certificación del diagnóstico favorece un adecuado manejo clínico y consejería genética a los padres.

Possible relationships between renal scars and P blood group have been recently emphasized. Urinary tract infections, an important factor in the production of renal scar, are mainly caused by specific types of E. coli, which has the ability to adhere through fimbriae, to receptors of the urinary tract epithelium that are structurally related to antigens detected in people with blood group P1. We looked for P1 sub-group in 30 children with vesicoureteral reflux and renal scar and 30 patients with equivalent degrees of reflux but without evidence of renal scar. Sex and age were unmatched. The frequency of P1 blood sub-group was similar in both kinds of patients (56.7% vs. 66.7, n.s.) so we could not demonstrate that P1 sub-group can be a useful indirect risk marker for renal scar formation.

A longitudinal study of children from teenager mothers belonging to a middle-low socioeconomic level In their first 30 months of life, was done. Weight, height, height velocity, bone age, plasmatic levels of zinc, cooper and hemoglobin, food intake, socioeconomic level, and stature of parents were studied. There were not differences in nutritional status, caloric intake, bone age, plasmatic levels of zinc, cooper and hemoglobin, and stature of parents betwen children of teenage and adult mothers. A progressive decrement in stature and in growth velocity of children of teenage compared with children of adult mothers was observed. A lower socioeconomic level and protein intake was found in children of adolescent mothers that may be playing a role at least in part in the growth failure presented by this children. Etiologycal factors of this growth failure discussed. (