Search

espanolIntroduccion. Con esta investigacion se pretenden conocer diferentes cuestiones relacionadas con el uso de videojuegos por parte de hombres y mujeres. Objetivos. Se exploran posibles desigualdades entre jugadores y jugadoras de videojuegos, atendiendo a sus vivencias y opiniones, atendiendo especialmente a los y las streamers. Metodologia. Se ha llevado a cabo un estudio con metodologia mixta con la realizacion de una encuesta a 344 personas que juegan a videojuegos y de seis entrevistas a personas que se dedican a jugar a videojuegos y retransmitirlos. Resultados. Como resultados de la investigacion, podemos concluir que existen desigualdades entre jugadores y jugadoras en funcion de su sexo, especialmente cuando las partidas se retransmiten por streaming. Conclusiones y discusion. Estas diferencias se manifiestan tanto al continuar considerando que los videojuegos son un espacio masculinizado como por los prejuicios y estereotipos a los que deben hacer frente las mujeres. EnglishIntroduction. The purpose of this research is to find out about different issues related to the use of video games by men and women. Objectives. Possible inequalities between male and female video game players are explored, based on their experiences and opinions, with special attention to streamers. Methodology. A mixed methodology study was carried out with a survey of 344 people who play video games and six interviews with people who play video games and broadcast them. Results. As a result of the research, we can conclude that there are inequalities between male and female players depending on their gender, especially when the games are streamed. Conclusions and discussion. These differences are manifested both by continuing to consider video games as a masculinized space and by the prejudices and stereotypes that women have to face.

Grand challenges have become the de facto standard for benchmarking image analysis algorithms. While the number of these international competitions is steadily increasing, surprisingly little effort has been invested in ensuring high quality design, execution and reporting for these international competitions. Specifically, results analysis and visualization in the event of uncertainties have been given almost no attention in the literature. Given these shortcomings, the contribution of this paper is two-fold: (1) we present a set of methods to comprehensively analyze and visualize the results of single-task and multi-task challenges and apply them to a number of simulated and real-life challenges to demonstrate their specific strengths and weaknesses; (2) we release the open-source framework challengeR as part of this work to enable fast and wide adoption of the methodology proposed in this paper. Our approach offers an intuitive way to gain important insights into the relative and absolute performance of algorithms, which cannot be revealed by commonly applied visualization techniques. This is demonstrated by the experiments performed in the specific context of biomedical image analysis challenges. Our framework could thus become an important tool for analyzing and visualizing challenge results in the field of biomedical image analysis and beyond.

Grand challenges have become the de facto standard for benchmarking image analysis algorithms. While the number of these international competitions is steadily increasing, surprisingly little effort has been invested in ensuring high quality design, execution and reporting for these international competitions. Specifically, results analysis and visualization in the event of uncertainties have been given almost no attention in the literature. Given these shortcomings, the contribution of this paper is two-fold: (1) we present a set of methods to comprehensively analyze and visualize the results of single-task and multi-task challenges and apply them to a number of simulated and real-life challenges to demonstrate their specific strengths and weaknesses; (2) we release the open-source framework challengeR as part of this work to enable fast and wide adoption of the methodology proposed in this paper. Our approach offers an intuitive way to gain important insights into the relative and absolute performance of algorithms, which cannot be revealed by commonly applied visualization techniques. This is demonstrated by the experiments performed in the specific context of biomedical image analysis challenges. Our framework could thus become an important tool for analyzing and visualizing challenge results in the field of biomedical image analysis and beyond.

We describe the case of a 5-year-old boy with an idiopathic popliteal artery aneurysm on the right leg, who presented the first clinical manifestations from the age of 3 months, with an increase in the circumference of the right lower limb, visible superficial venous system and purplish coloration, without compromised mobility. A final imaging diagnosis was made when patient was 2 years old, through computed tomography angiography, with subsequent surgical repair at 5 years by popliteal- popliteal bypass (supra-infra patellar), bypass bridge with reversed greater saphenous vein, anastomosis with continuous stitches, proximal, and distal ligation of the aneurysm. Patient evolves satisfactorily in the post-operative period.

Este estudio abarca la múltiple e interseccional discriminación que sufren las personas mayores homosexuales. Mediante el desarrollo del mismo se pretende dar visibilidad a las primeras generaciones de homosexuales en España que decidieron luchar por sus derechos en un momento de represión extrema, también se explora sobre las consecuencias de su condición en ese momento y se estudia su situación actual. El objetivo general es saber si, además de la más que posible discriminación sufrida en su juventud, siguen sufriendo actualmente discriminación por su orientación sexual y si hay que añadirle la discriminación por edad. La investigación cualitativa que se ha llevado a cabo mediante entrevistas a siete personas con ambos criterios de inclusión apunta a que persiste la discriminación hacia las personas homosexuales, pero además se le une la que sufren por ser mayores, siendo probablemente la segunda la que produce más desequilibrios en la actualidad.

Volunteers may be exposed to the negative consequences of dealing with human suffering, such as compassion fatigue. However, very little is known about the protective factors that contribute to their resilience. The aim of this study was to analyze the extent to which different strengths (psychological endurance, purpose, and social support), orientations to happiness, and compassion satisfaction predict volunteers&rsquo, resilient outcomes (subjective well-being and post-traumatic growth) and compassion fatigue. Participants were 116 Spanish Red Cross volunteers (77.8% women). They were separately classified into three groups (low, medium, and high) according to the 33rd and 66th percentile scores on each resilient outcome. Univariate analyses of variance and post-hoc comparisons computed separately showed significant differences in most factors analyzed, except compassion fatigue. Logistic regressions revealed that endurance, organization support, and eudaimonia allowed for the correct classification of 83.3% of those high in post-traumatic growth (82.2% of the true-positives and 84.4% of the true-negatives). In addition to endurance and organization support, purpose was the strongest predictor of well-being (85.7% were correctly classified, 82.8% of the true-negatives and 88.2% of the true-positives). Finally, lower endurance predicted compassion fatigue (65.7% and 61.3% of the true-negatives and 69.4% of the true-positives). Findings indicate ways to promote resilience among volunteers.

The internet has brought about a radical change in the way people communicate and relate to each other. Widespread use of this new system of communication has resulted in a shift in conventional attitudes in human relations. Some of its features are anonymity, virality or disinhibition, which in turn determine norms of interaction. This paper offers an analysis of gender-based harassment on the internet, using the case of Pikara Magazine (a Spanish feminist electronic magazine). The comments posted on this online magazine during 2015 have been analysed from a qualitative perspective (using grounded theory methodology), focusing on discovering the major discursive categories related to harassment behaviours, as well as the different strategies of response and resistance. The categories identified make up a system to be contrasted on future analysis. Finally, different ways of tackling this phenomenon through the social work discipline are also considered.

La enfermedad por neumococo se define como cualquier infección causada por la bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae; esta se denomina invasiva cuando el aislamiento de este microorganismo se confirma en sitios corporales que son normalmente estériles, tales como la sangre y el líquido cefalorraquídeo, y no invasiva cuando la infección se produce en sitio corporal es que normalmente no son estériles. La enfermedad renal crónica y la diabetes mellitus son factores de riesgo importantes para el desarrollo de enfermedad neumocócica debido a su estado de inmunosupresión, por lo que la vacunación antineumocócica es una medida preventiva fundamental en los pacientes que padecen estas condiciones.

Purpose: Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), a polysaccharide that forms a viscous gel under low temperatures, is a promising substitute of the blood-derived macromolecules traditionally used in cryopreservation solutions. The performance of a protein-free, fully synthetic set of vitrification and warming solutions was assessed in a matched pair analysis with donor oocytes. Methods: A prospective study including 219 donor MII oocytes was carried out, comparing the laboratory outcomes of oocytes vitrified with HPC-based solutions and their fresh counterparts. The primary performance endpoint was the fertilization rate. Secondary parameters assessed were embryo quality on days 2 and 3. Results: 70/73 (95.9%) vitrified MII oocytes exhibited morphologic survival 2 h post-warming, with 49 (70.0%) presented normal fertilization, compared to 105 of 146 (71.9%) MII fresh oocytes. Similar embryo quality was observed in both groups. A total of 18 embryos implanted, out of 38 embryos transferred (47.3%), resulting in 13 newborns.

Research has paid little attention to the link between the characteristics of the relational context where adolescents are likely to initiate their romantic relationships and teen dating violence (TDV). Hence, the findings are still scattered. This study examined different risks in the female teenagers’ relational context (peer group characteristics, participants’ risky activities, and pressure to start dating) and their TDV victimization, which had not been previously studied in the Spanish population. The moderating role of parental monitoring strategies was also analyzed. Participants were 1,248 Spanish female teenagers who completed measures of the aforementioned factors. Highly victimized girls reported having more deviant and older male peers, receiving more pressure to start dating, and using more alcohol and drugs than participants with low victimization did. High parental monitoring was only effective to prevent TDV victimization in low-risk relational contexts. The findings extend prior research by providing evidence of the risk of pressure to start dating and low effectiveness of parental monitoring against high-risk peers. They also highlight the need to reduce specific risks of TDV in the adolescent relational context.

Resumen: El presente artículo defiende que los sistemas de opresión heteropatriarcal y especista se han co-constituido. Para explicar este solapamiento de opresiones se definirán primero el especismo y el heteropatriarcado, considerando su conexión con otros sistemas de opresión de los que no pueden ser desvinculados (capitalismo, colonialismo, capacitismo). A continuación, se profundizará en la interrelación de opresiones atendiendo a varios ejes: (1) el pensamiento binario, (2) la construcción de la masculinidad hegemónica (3) el fenómeno de la domesticación y el control corporal (4) la (re)productividad y explotación de los cuerpos en el marco capitalista y (5) los mecanismos de perpetuación de la normatividad especista y heteropatriarcal. Se revisará críticamente la cuestión de la representación de los otros animales y se concluirá defendiendo la necesidad de una ética del cuidado que considere el solapamiento de opresiones a la hora de proyectar mundos de justicia social, medioambiental e interespecie. Abstract: This paper argues the systems of heteropatriarchal and speciesist oppression have been co-constituted. To explain this overlapping of oppression, we will first define speciesism and heteropatriarchy, by bringing up their link to other oppression systems (such as capitalism, colonialism, capacitism) from which these cannot be separated. Then, we will delve into the interrelation of oppressions by addressing several axes: (1) binary thinking, (2) building a hegemonic masculinity, (3) the phenomenon of domestication and body control, (4) (re)productivity and body exploitation in capitalist settings, and (5) the mechanisms through speciesist and heteropatriarchal normativity are perpetuated. The issue of representing other animals will be critically reviewed, and we will end with a defense of care ethics, encompassing the overlapping of oppressions when projecting social justice, environmental, and interspecies worlds. Resumo: Este artigo defende que os sistemas de opressão heteropatriarcal e especista têm se co-constituído. Para explicar essa sobreposição de opressões, primeiro se definem especismo e heteropatriarcado, considerando sua conexão com outros sistemas de opressão que não podem ser separados (capitalismo, colonialismo, capacitismo). A seguir, a inter-relação das opressões será aprofundada em resposta a vários eixos: (1) o pensamento binário, (2) a construção da masculinidade hegemônica, (3) o fenômeno da domesticação e o controle do corpo, (4) a (re)produtividade e exploração dos corpos na estrutura capitalista e (5) os mecanismos de perpetuação da normatividade especista e heteropatriarcal. A questão da representação dos outros animais será analisada criticamente e o artigo será concluído defendendo a necessidade de uma ética do cuidado que considere a sobreposição de opressões ao projetar mundos de justiça social, ambiental e interespécie.

Although transposable elements are an important source of regulatory variation, their genome-wide contribution to the transcriptional regulation of stress-response genes has not been studied yet. Stress is a major aspect of natural selection in the wild, leading to changes in the transcriptional regulation of a variety of genes that are often triggered by one or a few transcription factors. In this work, we take advantage of the wealth of information available for Drosophila melanogaster and humans to analyze the role of transposable elements in six stress regulatory networks: immune, hypoxia, oxidative, xenobiotic, heat shock, and heavy metal. We found that transposable elements were enriched for caudal, dorsal, HSF, and tango binding sites in D. melanogaster and for NFE2L2 binding sites in humans. Taking into account the D. melanogaster population frequencies of transposable elements with predicted binding motifs and/or binding sites, we showed that those containing three or more binding motifs/sites are more likely to be functional. For a representative subset of these TEs, we performed in vivo transgenic reporter assays in different stress conditions. Overall, our results showed that TEs are relevant contributors to the transcriptional regulation of stress-response genes., Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad [BFU2014-57779-P]; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades/AEI [BFU2017-82937-P]; European Commission [H2020-ERC-2014-CoG-647900]. Funding for open access charge: European Commission [H2020-ERC-2014-CoG-647900].

The Lagoon System of Jacarepaguá is the most vulnerable coastal area of Brazil due to its high population density and important economic activities. Severe meteorological conditions due to climate changes are more likely to affect the lagoon system in the future, increasing the exposure of the area and the probability of flooding of the low-lying surrounding areas. To determine the vulnerability of the area to diverse agents, this work addressed the impact of different combinations of sea level rise, heavy rainfall and storm surges. The study cases considered two different bathymetry conditions, the actual silting bathymetry, and the resulting bathymetry after a planned dredging project. Tidal prism, the maximum water elevations and the time of occurrence were analyzed. The main results showed that storm surge has the most impact on the maximum water elevations, overcoming the impact of an increase in the sea level, river flow and changes in bathymetry. The results of time lags comparing the time of occurrence of maximum elevation recorded at the open sea and the time of occurrence of maximum elevation on the north margin, the most populated area, of the lagoon system showed a time lag of 13-17h. The benefits of the planned dredging project would be mostly to allow a better water renovation in the lagoons, due to a higher tidal prism.

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is considered a multifunctional protein with defined functions in numerous mammalian cellular processes. GAPDH functional diversity depends on various factors such as covalent modifications, subcellular localization, oligomeric state and intracellular concentration of substrates or ligands, as well as protein–protein interactions. In bacteria, alternative GAPDH functions have been associated with its extracellular location in pathogens or probiotics. In this study, new intracellular functions of Escherichia coli GAPDH were investigated following a proteomic approach aimed at identifying interacting partners using in vivo formaldehyde cross-linking followed by mass spectrometry. The identified proteins were involved in metabolic processes, protein synthesis and folding or DNA repair. Some interacting proteins were also identified in immunopurification experiments in the absence of cross-linking. Pull-down experiments and overlay immunoblotting were performed to further characterize the interaction with phosphoglycolate phosphatase (Gph). This enzyme is involved in the metabolism of 2-phosphoglycolate formed in the DNA repair of 3′-phosphoglycolate ends generated by bleomycin damage. We show that interaction between Gph and GAPDH increases in cells challenged with bleomycin, suggesting involvement of GAPDH in cellular processes linked to DNA repair mechanisms.

Although it was qualitatively pointed out by Fahy et al. (1984), the key role of the warming rates in non-equillibrium vitrification has only recently been quantitatively established for murine oocytes by Mazur and Seki (2011). In this work we study the performance of a closed vitrification device designed under the new paradigm, for the vitrification of human oocytes. The vitrification carrier consists of a main straw in which a specifically designed capillary is mounted and where the oocytes are loaded by aspiration. It can be hermetically sealed before immersion in liquid nitrogen for vitrification, and it is warmed in a sterile water bath at 37 °C. Measured warming rates achieved with this design were of 600.000 ºC/min for a standard DMEM solution and 200.000 ºC/min with the vitrification solution for human oocytes. A cohort of 143 donor MII sibling human oocytes was split into two groups: control (fresh) and vitrified with SafeSpeed device. Similar results were found in both groups: survival (97.1%), fertilization after ICSI (74.7% in control vs. 77.3% in vitrified) and good quality embryos at day three (54.3% in control vs. 58.1% in vitrified) were settled as performance indicators. The pregnancy rate was 3/6 (50%) for the control, 2/3 (66%) for vitrified and 4/5 (80%) for mixed transfers., The study received financial support from Fundación Ginemed, Junta de Andalucia (Excellence Project, 2008) and I.N.I.A. (RTA-2012).

Resumen Objetivos Los resultados de los ciclos de fecundacion in vitro (FIV)- inyeccion intracitoplasmatica de espermatozoides (ICSI) en las diferentes clinicas de reproduccion sufren altibajos mas o menos notables a los que no siempre encontramos una explicacion. La sensibilidad de la espermatogenesis a estres de distintos origenes da como resultado a diferentes poblaciones espermaticas. Si tenemos en cuenta que el peso del factor masculino en el ciclo de FIV-ICSI se cifra en torno al 50% (factor masculino puro o mixto), debemos pensar como podria afectar al eyaculado final una situacion de estres ambiental puntual. La periodicidad en las tasas de embarazo en nuestro centro nos hizo pensar que podria haber alguna relacion entre estas y la temperatura registrada en la ciudad. Material y metodos Se hizo un estudio restrospectivo y aleatorizado de las tasas de embarazo registradas en nuestro centro durante 3 anos consecutivos. Se incluyeron pacientes sometidas a ciclos de ICSI, menores de 38 anos, sin fallo ovarico y se excluyeron las pacientes cuyos ovulos fueron microinyectados con semen de donante. Resultados Una vez analizados los datos, se pudo relacionar la disminucion de los resultados de las tasas de embarazo en ciclos de ICSI con las elevadas temperaturas registradas en Sevilla en el periodo estival.

The yiaK–S operon is required for aerobic growth on l-ascorbate in several Enterobacteriaceae. Here we present evidence that the yiaX2 gene belonging to the yiaK–S operon of Klebsiella pneumoniae 13882, which encodes a protein similar to the putative transporters classified as the major facilitator superfamily, is involved in the uptake of l-ascorbate. Concentration kinetic analysis yielded an apparent Km of YiaX2 for l-ascorbate of 161.38 ±8.28 µmol·L–1 and a Vmax of 3.81 ± 0.60 nmol·mg–1·min–1. This carrier uses the energy from electrochemical gradients, since it was inhibited by carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone, a hydrophobic proton conductor that dissipates proton motive force.