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Aims: Enterococci are lactic acid bacteria belonging to the division Firmicutes. They occur in different ecosystems, rabbits including. Enterococci can possess probiotic properties and produce antimicrobial substances-bacteriocins. Rabbit meat as nutritionally healthy food offers novel source to study bacteriocin-producing and/or probiotic enterococci. Methodology and results: Enterococci were detected from rabbit meat samples (42). Most of the isolates were allotted to the species Enterococcus faecium by PCR method. The isolates have possessed the structural genes for enterocins A, P, B production. The inhibitory substances produced by the isolated enterococci inhibited the growth of 12 indicators. Of 34 isolates, 15 strains have shown the antimicrobial activity against L. monocytogenes CCM 4699, 12 strains against S. aureus 3A3, 10 strains against S. aureus 5A2 as well as Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis PT4. Moreover, enterococci have tolerated 5 % bile, low pH; they have produced lactid acid in the amount from 0.740 ± 0.091 to 1.720 ± 0.095 mmol/l. The isolates were mostly sensitive to antibiotics. Conclusion, significance and impact of study: Bacteriocin-producing strain E. faecium M3a has been selected for more detail characterization of its bacteriocin and probiotic properties with the aim for its further application as an additive.

The species Lactococcus lactis is a bacterium extensively used in the dairy industry. This bacterium is Generally Recognized as Safe and was added to the European Food Safety Authority’s Qualified Presumption of Safety list. The major functions of this species in dairy fermentation are the production of lactic acid from lactose, citric acid fermentation, and the hydrolysis of casein. But, the representatives of this species that produce bacteriocin substances can also exert an inhibitory effect against spoilage bacteria. The aims of this study were to test three lactococcal strains isolated from raw goat milk for their postbiotic activity and to test their stability in goat milk yogurts after their application in encapsulated form for their further application. To achieve these aims, validated methods were used. Three Lactococcus lactis strains (identified by Blastn 16S rRNA analysis) produced bacteriocin substances/postbiotics. These concentrated postbiotics inhibited the growth of enterococci and staphylococci (by up to 97.8%), reaching an inhibitory activity of up to 800 AU/mL. The encapsulated (freeze-dried) lactococci survived in the goat milk yogurts with sufficient stability. Strain MK2/8 fortified the yogurts in the highest amount (8.1 ± 0.0 cfu/g log 10). It did not influence the pH of the yogurt.

The Norik of Muráň breed is a Slovak horse breed mainly intended for forestry and agriculture-related work. It is also a unique type among the cold-blooded horse breeds. In general, the microbiota influences animal health status. However, limited information regarding the microbiota of this horse species is available. Similarly, few aspects are known about the species Enterococcus asini bacteriocin (postbiotic) potential. Therefore, this study investigated the E. asini strain EAs 1/11D27, isolated from mucosal samples obtained from horses, along with the evaluation of its molecular characteristics and bacteriocin (postbiotic) activity. Taxonomic allocation of the strain EAs 1/11/D27 was confirmed using the sequencing method, reaching 99.86% similarity (match) with the nucleotide sequence of the strain E. asini NR113929.1. E. asini EAs 1/11D27 has been assigned the GenBank accession number (AN) MN822908. This strain is hemolysis-negative, deoxyribonuclease-negative, and gelatinase-negative. EAs 1/11D27 lacks genes encoding for virulence factors such as gelatinase, enterococcal surface protein, adhesins, hyaluronidase, and aggregation substance. It does not produce damaging enzymes and is susceptible to antibiotics. Additionally, it produces bacteriocin-like substances with inhibitory activity against 165 out of 170 indicator bacteria tested (97%). The highest inhibitory potential was recorded against staphylococci (88), enterococci (57), lactococci (7), and streptococci (4/8). The growth of 9 out of 10 Gram-negative strains was also inhibited. These results suggest a valuable postbiotic potential of the studied bacteriocin substance, and further studies are needed to establish its applications in horses.

Background: Using bacterial (probiotic) strains can influence beneficial health statuses, e.g., through dairy products; however, they must be assessed as safe before consumption; broiler rabbits represent a suitable model for this purpose. This study evaluated the safety and effect (functionality) of the dairy-derived, plantaricin-producing strain Lactiplantibacillus plantarum LP17L/1 using broiler rabbits. The following parameters were assessed to evaluate safety and functionality: microbiota, phagocytic activity (non-specific immunity parameter), blood serum biochemistry, oxidative stress enzyme, growth performance, cecal hydrolytic activity, and jejunal morphometry. Methods: Previously validated methods were used for the analyses. The appropriate administrations approved the experiments. Results: Although only up to 1.0 colony forming unit (CFU)/g (log10) LP17L/1 reached the gastrointestinal tract of the rabbits, the total lactic acid bacteria and amylolytic streptococci were significantly increased (p < 0.001). The other microbiota were not influenced, meaning there was no negative influence on phagocytic activity, growth parameters, and biochemistry in the analyzed blood serum. Conversely, lower GPx values were measured in the experimental group than in the control group, meaning LP17L/1 did not induce oxidative stress. LP17L/1 caused an increase in villi length to crypt depth ratio, while hydrolytic activity was also significantly increased (p < 0.01, p < 0.001). Conclusions: L. plantarum LP17L/1 was confirmed as safe. Regarding the functionality, no negative influence on the microbiota was noted, and the tested parameters were not negatively influenced. Demonstrating that the LP17L/1 strain is safe provides further chances for its industrial application. Additional studies are being conducted.

Nowadays, the use of probiotics, postbiotics, parabiotics and other beneficial natural substances dominate health status sustainability in animals. Mundticin-like substance EM 41/3 (MLS) is a thermo-stable substance of proteinaceous character—a bacteriocin (postbiotic) with a broad antimicrobial (inhibitory) spectrum produced by the horse-derived strain Enterococcus mundtii EM 41/3. The aim of this study was to find if this new one bacteriocin can have an effect and/or a similar effect in rabbits as was achieved previously by using enterocins detected and characterized in our laboratory. In addition, these tests have been conducted to secure the health of rabbits as food-derived animals. Moreover, the aim of this study was also to test the effect of MLS EM 41/3 in broiler rabbits as an animal model before its use in horses. The parameters tested were analyzed by validated methods. Administration of MLS EM 41/3 lead to a significant increase in the non-specific immunity parameter (phagocytic activity, p < 0.05), while microbiota in feces, caecum and appendix were not negatively influenced. However, the total enterococcal count was significantly increased in the EG compared to the CG (p < 0.001). Application of MLS EM 41/3 did not have a negative impact on blood biochemistry. No oxidative stress was noted. However, higher growth parameters were noted and also hydrolytic activity was increased after MLS EM 41/3 application. Finally, to check physico-chemical parameters, no negative influence on rabbit meat quality was noted. Postbiotic MLS EM 41/3 administration seems to be a contributing factor in the feeding strategy for animal health status sustainability.

Beneficial/probiotic strains protect the host from pathogens by competitive displacement and production of antibacterial substances, i.e., bacteriocins. The antiparasitic potential of bacteriocins/enterocins and their producing strains in experimental murine trichinellosis were tested as a new therapeutic strategy. Enterocin M and Durancin-like and their producers Enterococcus faecium CCM8558 and Enterococcus durans ED26E/7 were administered daily to mice that were challenged with Trichinella spiralis. Our study confirmed the antiparasitic effect of enterocins/enterococci, which reduced the number of adults in the intestine (Enterocin M—43.8%, E. faecium CCM8558—54.5%, Durancin-like—16.4%, E. durans ED26E/7—35.7%), suppressed the Trichinella reproductive capacity ex vivo (Enterocin M—61%, E. faecium CCM8558—74%, Durancin-like—38%, E. durans ED26E/7—66%), and reduced the number of muscle larvae (Enterocin M—39.6%, E. faecium CCM8558—55.7%, Durancin-like—15%, E. durans ED26E/7—36.3%). The direct effect of enterocins on Trichinella fecundity was documented by an in vitro test in which Durancin-like showed a comparable reducing effect to Enterocin M (40–60%) in contrast to the ex vivo test. The reducing activity of T.spiralis infection induced by Enterocin M was comparable to its strain E. faecium CCM8558; Durancin-like showed lower antiparasitic activity than its producer E. durans ED26E/7.

This paper deals with the online teaching of simultaneous interpreting (in German) during the Corona pandemic in the summer semester of 2020/2021 in a specially developed interpreting laboratory (a specially developed virtual interpreting booth). The Corona pandemic 2020/2021 and distance learning at universities and colleges raised the fundamental question of how to teach simultaneous interpreting in distance learning for master’s degree programs in the Department of German Studies (at the Faculty of Philosophy of Matej Bel University in Banská Bystrica, Slovakia), in the specialization of translation and interpreting. For this purpose, a special interpreting software was developed by the Slovak company CONTEST s.r.o., the so-called virtual interpreting laboratory, which simulates a real interpreting booth in practice and which the Faculty of Philosophy of Matej Bel University in Banská Bystrica purchased for this purpose. In this paper specifics of online teaching in this special virtual interpreting booth are presented.

Yogurt is generally defined as a cultured milk product made using some species of lactic acid bacteria. Moreover, some additive bacteria are frequently involved in yogurts to provide health benefits. The objective of this study was testing the stability and survival of a beneficial strain with postbiotic activity, Enterococcus durans ED 26E/7, in cow, goat, and ewe–goat milk yogurts. The validated methods were used in the study. Postbiotic, concentrated substance (CBs) from the strain ED 26E/7 inhibited growth of indicator bacteria by 60.5%. The strains E. hirae (96%) were susceptible to CBs (inhibitory activity from 200 to 25,600 AU/mL). The growth of staphylococci was inhibited by 79% with activity of 100 up to 25,600 AU/mL. Also, 40 out of 46 fecal E. coli were inhibited (activity 100 AU/mL). CBs was thermo-stable and remained active also after storage for 11 months at −20 °C and −80 °C. Exposing CBs to proteolytic enzymes did not lead to its complete deactivation indicating that it is probably not only a proteinaceous substance. The highest counts of the freeze-dried (encapsulated), safe ED 26E/7 strain and its stability were detected in ewe–goat milk yogurts. They reached up to 5.0 cfu/g. ED 26E/7 represents a further promising additive, although other testing will be performed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The species Lactococcus lactis is a bacterium extensively used in the dairy industry. This bacterium is Generally Recognized as Safe and was added to the European Food Safety Authority's Qualified Presumption of Safety list. The major functions of this species in dairy fermentation are the production of lactic acid from lactose, citric acid fermentation, and the hydrolysis of casein. But, the representatives of this species that produce bacteriocin substances can also exert an inhibitory effect against spoilage bacteria. The aims of this study were to test three lactococcal strains isolated from raw goat milk for their postbiotic activity and to test their stability in goat milk yogurts after their application in encapsulated form for their further application. To achieve these aims, validated methods were used. Three Lactococcus lactis strains (identified by Blastn 16S rRNA analysis) produced bacteriocin substances/postbiotics. These concentrated postbiotics inhibited the growth of enterococci and staphylococci (by up to 97.8%), reaching an inhibitory activity of up to 800 AU/mL. The encapsulated (freeze-dried) lactococci survived in the goat milk yogurts with sufficient stability. Strain MK2/8 fortified the yogurts in the highest amount (8.1 ± 0.0 cfu/g log 10). It did not influence the pH of the yogurt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Goat milk is gradually becoming the preferred milk by consumers worldwide, including Slovakia. It is also demanded as a functional and/or nutraceutical drink as it is rich in bioactive components. However, another new development is the research into the beneficial autochthonous strains used to enrich goat dairy products. Among individual species, representatives in raw goat milk are also involved in lacticaseibacilli. Bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance-producing Lacticaseibacillus paracasei LPa 12/1 was isolated from raw goat milk. This study focuses on its potential as a new additive in dairy products. No mortality was found when checking the safety of the LPa 12/1 strain using Balb/c mice. The strain reached higher counts in ewe–goat milk yoghurt (up to 6.1 cfu/g log 10) than in cow milk yoghurt (almost 5.0 cfu/g log 10). Cow milk yoghurts remained in more stable consistency after LPa 12/1 supplementation compared with ewe–goat milk yoghurts, although specific organoleptic tests were not performed. However, LPa 12/1 has survived sufficiently in both types of yoghurts. This bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance-producing strain LPa 12/1 in its encapsulated form applied in yoghurts seems suitable to supplement dairy products.

Bacteriocins (enterocins) represent a new therapeutic strategy in various intestinal and non-intestinal infections. In antiparasitic defence, an oxidative inflammation of phagocytes is effective in destroying new-born Trichinella spiralis larvae. The strains Enterococcus faecium CCM8558 and E. durans ED26E/7 and their enterocins, enterocin M and a durancin-like enterocin, respectively, were administered daily, and mice were then infected with T. spiralis larvae on the seventh day of treatment. Phagotest and Bursttest kits were used to detect the phagocytosis and respiratory burst in blood leukocytes. T. spiralis infection inhibited phagocytosis from day 11 post-infection (dpi) during the migration of new-born larvae into the muscles. E. faecium CCM8558, E. durans ED26E/7, and the durancin-like enterocin increased phagocytic activity from day 11 dpi. Both strains and their enterocins (enterocin M and durancin-like) stimulated the ingestion capability of phagocytes from 18 to 32 dpi. Enterococci/enterocins therapy prevented a reduction in cells with respiratory burst caused by T. spiralis infection from 11 dpi. The enzymatic activity of phagocytes was stimulated on 18 and 25 dpi, particularly by E. faecium CCM8558 and enterocin M. Enterocin M and the durancin-like enterocin were as effective in stimulating phagocytosis as the bacterial strains that produce them. The stimulation of phagocytosis could contribute to decreased larval migration and reduced parasite burden in the host.

Activated platelets and platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as central players in thromboembolic complications associated with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Platelets bridge hemostatic, inflammatory, and immune responses by their ability to sense pathogens via various pattern recognition receptors, and they respond to infection through a diverse repertoire of mechanisms. Dysregulated platelet activation, however, can lead to immunothrombosis, a simultaneous overactivation of blood coagulation and the innate immune response. Mediators released by activated platelets in response to infection, such as antimicrobial peptides, high mobility group box 1 protein, platelet factor 4 (PF4), and PF4+ extracellular vesicles promote neutrophil activation, resulting in the release of neutrophil extracellular traps and histones. Many of the factors released during platelet and neutrophil activation are positively charged and interact with endogenous heparan sulfate or exogenously administered heparin via electrostatic interactions or via specific binding sites. Here, we review the current state of knowledge regarding the involvement of platelets and platelet-derived EVs in the pathogenesis of immunothrombosis, and we discuss the potential of extracorporeal therapies using adsorbents functionalized with heparin to deplete platelet-derived and neutrophil-derived mediators of immunothrombosis.

Immunothrombosis, an excessive inflammatory response with simultaneous overactivation of the coagulation system, is a central pathomechanism in sepsis and COVID-19. It is associated with cellular activation, vascular damage, and microvascular thrombosis, which can lead to multiple organ failure and death. Here, we characterized factors related to immunothrombosis in plasma samples from 78 sepsis patients. In the course of routine clinical testing, SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 14 of these patients. Viral infection was associated with a higher mortality. Both, COVID-19 negative and COVID-19 positive sepsis patients showed increased levels of effectors of immunothrombosis, including platelet factor 4, D-dimer, nucleosomes, citrullinated histone H3, high mobility group box-1 protein, as well as phosphatidylserine-expressing platelet-derived extracellular vesicles, compared to healthy controls (n = 25). Using a 27-plex cytokine bead array, we found that Interleukin (IL)-1ra, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interferon inducible protein (IP)-10, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α, and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) were elevated in both, COVID-19 negative and COVID-19 positive sepsis patients, as compared to healthy controls. SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with elevated levels of IP-10, MCP-1, and IL-13, while all other mediators widely overlapped between COVID-19 negative and COVID-19 positive patients.

Forty-eight rabbits aged five weeks (Hycole breed, both sexes) were divided into experimental (EG) and control (CG) groups, 24 animals in each, and fed a commercial diet with access to water ad libitum. Rabbits in EG had Enterococcus faecium EF9a probiotic strain added to their drinking water (1.0×109 colony forming units/mL 500 μL/d/animal) for 28 d (between 35 and 63 d). The experiment lasted for 42 d. The animals remained in good health condition throughout the experiment, and no morbidity and mortality was noted. There was a higher live weight at 63 d of age (+34 g; P

Rabbit meat is highly appreciated for its high nutritional and dietetic quality, which could be enhanced by natural additives. Therefore, in this study, the effect of bacteriocinogenic and probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium EF9a isolated from Pannon White rabbits was checked on growth and meat quality (pH, colour, water holding capacity (WHC) , protein, fat and energy content) of broiler rabbits in a model experiment. The average daily weight gain was higher in EF9a group (p

This article focuses on item recycling and its related aspects in the context of sustaina-bility. It defines the term based on the extent of interfering with the original object and draws the points of intersection in the context of sustainability, such as selection of materials and their combination, as well as their processing or treatment. In the light of the aforesaid, it shows that the cradle to cradle system is pretty much applicable and, along with other principles it also becomes an integral part of environmentally responsi-ble design with respect to item recycling. In addition to the sustainability context, the item recycling also has an inherent potential to follow up on the cultural memory (in particular in using local resources), to encourage and promote the revival of or return to trades and crafts related to partial repairs or surface renovations, and to express the value associated with the cultural memory. These values, coupled with the challenge posed by open design, present new possibilities for the product development and distri-bution and allow for design verification through the process of prototype refinement among craftsmen—designers, even with the outcome in the form of a new type of “serial design”. The user becomes an active player in the process and due to being involved through the handiwork develops a relationship with the product: this further increases the probability that the product will be used longer and its lifetime will be considerably prolonged. This leads back to the concept of sustainability, which be-comes its integral part.

The effect of probiotic strains (Enterococcus faecium EF55, E. faecium CCM7420, E. faecium CCM8558, E. durans ED26E/7, Lactobacillus fermentum CCM7421, L. plantarum 17L/1) on the production of superoxide anion (O2-) in peritoneal macrophages of Trichinella spiralis infected mice was examined. E. faecium EF55 and E. faecium CCM8558 strains increased the O2-production prior to parasitic infection,at the day7of application.A significant inhibition of the O2- production caused by T. spiralis infection on day 5 post infection (p.i.) was prevented by all examined strains. Lactobacilli stimulated metabolic activity of macrophages during intestinal and early muscular phase (from day 5 to 25 p.i.) of trichinellosis. Enterococci increased the O2- production in early intestinal phase (day 5 p.i.) and during the muscular phase of trichinellosis (days 25 and 32 p.i.). Respected increase in macrophage’s metabolic activity induced by probiotic treatment in the intestinal phase of trichinellosis augmented the host antiparasite defence (damage and killing of newborn larvae with reactive oxygen species from macrophages).

The food industry also focuses on the use of by-products from food processing. Wheat bran is a valuable by-product of the wheat milling process, which is rich in dietary fiber. In addition to nutritional value, dietary fiber has a functional potential in the production of novel foods. Pre-treatment of the dietary fiber using different methods can change its functional properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of stabilization process on physico-chemical parameters and functional properties of wheat bran. Wheat bran from two wheat variety was treated using microwave and hot air heating. It was observed that wheat bran included more than 45% of total dietary fiber. Results suggested that treatment of bran using both method increased total dietary fiber content. Thermal treatment process decreased the anti-nutritional agent in bran samples. Phytic acid content diminishing of 44% and 49% was observed in microwave treated bran samples. Moreover, treatment of bran using a hot air heating improved the hydration properties (water holding, water retention and swelling capacity), while oil holding capacity was not significantly altered. Treatment decreased the antioxidant activity of treated bran samples. It was observed that thermal treatment modified the color parameters of bran (lightness, yellowness and hue angle decreased and redness and Chroma increased).

In Slovakia, goat milk production for direct consumption and cheese processing has attracted growing interest. However, there is a lack of information regarding the microbial consortium in Slovak raw goat milk analyzed by next-generation sequencing and trace elements and vitamin E as well. A randomly selected samples (G24-G50) of raw goat milk from different animals at farms in Slovakia were analyzed. The phylum Actinobacteria dominated (62.8%), followed by the phyla Firmicutes (20.5%), Proteobacteria (7.4%), and Bacteroidetes (6.4%). The family Microbacteriaceae was detected in the highest percentage (60.2%) followed by Staphylococcaceae, Bacteroidaceae, Streptococcaceae, Lactobacillaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and others. Regarding the genera, the most prevalent was genus Curtobacterium (47.4%) followed by the genera such as Staphylococcus (8.3%) and Bifidobacterium (4%). The genera Streptococcus, Lactococcus, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, and Lacticaseibacillus were evaluated in abundance percentage in range 1%-3.2%. The genus Veillonella reached abundance 3.2%. The genera Enterobacter, Pseudomonas (1.3% and 0.5%), and Bacteroides (6.4%) were evaluated in small percentage abundance too. Zinc was detected with the highest mean value (2.561±0.6823 mg/L) in raw goat milk, followed by iron (1.383±0.5087 mg/L). The mean value of copper and manganese was 0.1746±0.0463 mg/L and 0.051±0.0238 mg/L. The vitamin E reached the mean value 0.3783±0.1976 mg/L. This study is an original contribution showing microbial consortium in raw goat milk from Slovak farms. It also contributes to trace elements and vitamin E status in raw goat milk showing it as a nutritionally healthy food.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are in the scientific spotlight due to their potential application in the medical field, ranging from medical diagnosis to therapy. These applications rely on EV stability during isolation and purification—ideally, these steps should not impact vesicle integrity. In this context, we investigated EV stability and particle numbers via nano electrospray gas-phase electrophoretic mobility molecular analysis (nES GEMMA) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). In nES GEMMA, native, surface-dry analytes are separated in the gas-phase according to the particle size. Besides information on size and particle heterogeneity, particle number concentrations are obtained in accordance with recommendations of the European Commission for nanoparticle characterization (2011/696/EU, 18 October 2011). Likewise, and in contrast to NTA, nES GEMMA enables detection of co-purified proteins. On the other hand, NTA, yielding data on hydrodynamic size distributions, is able to relate particle concentrations, omitting electrolyte exchange (and resulting EV loss), which is prerequisite for nES GEMMA. Focusing on EVs of different origin, we compared vesicles concentrations and stability, especially after electrolyte exchange and size exclusion chromatography (SEC). Co-isolated proteins were detected in most samples, and the vesicle amount varied in dependence on the EV source. We found that depletion of co-purified proteins was achievable via SEC, but was associated with a loss of EVs and—most importantly—with decreased vesicle stability, as detected via a reduced nES GEMMA measurement repeatability. Ultimately, we propose the repeatability of nES GEMMA to yield information on EV stability, and, as a result, we propose that nES GEMMA can yield additional valuable information in EV research.

In Slovakia, goat milk is used for the production of traditional/local products, for example goat milk lump cheese. Healthy and safe dairy products are one of the major objectives for producers and consumers. Staphylococci are found in frequent contaminants of raw milk and dairy products. A promising approach of how to prevent/eliminate them is represented by bacteriocins. The aim of this study was testing in situ the anti-staphylococcal effect of Enterocin A/P, characterized in our laboratory and produced by the non-autochthonous strain Enterococcus faecium EK13 = CCM7419 against the contaminant strain Staphylococcus aureus SA5 experimentally inoculated in a goat milk vat during processing of goat milk lump cheese to show the application potential of Enterocin A/P. In addition, the parameters influencing the ripening of the cheese (lactic acid-LA), the acidity °SH and the pH were also checked. The 2.5 log cycle difference was found in the EV comparing to the CV at day 168 (1 week), which indicates a reduction of SA5 cells due to Ent A/P. The acidity value (pH and °SH) and LA were not negatively influenced. These preliminary results indicate that Enterocin A/P seems to be a promising additive for dairy products. Moreover, this is the first study showing in situ (in goat milk cheese) the anti-staphylococcal effect of Ent A/P.

Beneficial/probiotic strains protect the host from pathogens by competitive displacement and production of antibacterial substances, i.e., bacteriocins. The antiparasitic potential of bacteriocins/enterocins and their producing strains in experimental murine trichinellosis were tested as a new therapeutic strategy. Enterocin M and Durancin-like and their producers Enterococcus faecium CCM8558 and Enterococcus durans ED26E/7 were administered daily to mice that were challenged with Trichinella spiralis. Our study confirmed the antiparasitic effect of enterocins/enterococci, which reduced the number of adults in the intestine (Enterocin M—43.8%, E. faecium CCM8558—54.5%, Durancin-like—16.4%, E. durans ED26E/7—35.7%), suppressed the Trichinella reproductive capacity ex vivo (Enterocin M—61%, E. faecium CCM8558—74%, Durancin-like—38%, E. durans ED26E/7—66%), and reduced the number of muscle larvae (Enterocin M—39.6%, E. faecium CCM8558—55.7%, Durancin-like—15%, E. durans ED26E/7—36.3%). The direct effect of enterocins on Trichinella fecundity was documented by an in vitro test in which Durancin-like showed a comparable reducing effect to Enterocin M (40–60%) in contrast to the ex vivo test. The reducing activity of T.spiralis infection induced by Enterocin M was comparable to its strain E. faecium CCM8558; Durancin-like showed lower antiparasitic activity than its producer E. durans ED26E/7. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]