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Abstract: Background: Nowadays it is quite easy to diagnose idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (IRF), particularly with the help of medical imaging. However there is no guideline about the treatment. Purpose: Looking for data about an evidence-based management. Methods: Screening of the database Medline. Titles and abstracts of articles published between 01/01/1985 and 31/12/2004 have been read to identify clinical trials and series about more than ten patients. Results: No record of any therapeutic trials has been found. Eight series in total, which included 177 patients, were identified. Two of the patients have been treated by an ureteral desobstruction only (endoscopy or nephrostomy), 45 by surgery (ureterolysis), 65 by corticotherapy and 64 both by surgery and steroids. For 38 patients, immunosuppressive drugs were combined with corticotherapy (azathioprine, cyclophosphamide or D-penicillamine). According to the authors, doses and duration of corticotherapy varied. Median follow-up lasted 56 months. The outcome is satisfactory in 73% for surgery alone, 86% for medical treatment alone and 73% for both. The association between steroids therapy and immunosuppressive drugs is efficient in 97% of the cases. No clear data about side effects was mentioned. Discussion: Treatment of the IRF is still empirical, based on surgery and corticotherapy. There is no guideline about the treatment strategy. Although tamoxifen has been proposed, efficacy evidence is lacking. Prospective multicenter studies will help us to progress in the management of the IRF. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Background: Nowadays it is quite easy to diagnose idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (IRF), particularly with the help of medical imaging. However there is no guideline about the treatment., Purpose: Looking for data about an evidence-based management., Methods: Screening of the database Medline. Titles and abstracts of articles published between 01/01/1985 and 31/12/2004 have been read to identify clinical trials and series about more than ten patients., Results: No record of any therapeutic trials has been found. Eight series in total, which included 177 patients, were identified. Two of the patients have been treated by an ureteral desobstruction only (endoscopy or nephrostomy), 45 by surgery (ureterolysis), 65 by corticotherapy and 64 both by surgery and steroids. For 38 patients, immunosuppressive drugs were combined with corticotherapy (azathioprine, cyclophosphamide or D-penicillamine). According to the authors, doses and duration of corticotherapy varied. Median follow-up lasted 56 months. The outcome is satisfactory in 73% for surgery alone, 86% for medical treatment alone and 73% for both. The association between steroids therapy and immunosuppressive drugs is efficient in 97% of the cases. No clear data about side effects was mentioned., Discussion: Treatment of the IRF is still empirical, based on surgery and corticotherapy. There is no guideline about the treatment strategy. Although tamoxifen has been proposed, efficacy evidence is lacking. Prospective multicenter studies will help us to progress in the management of the IRF.