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5. Evaluation of Outer Retinal Layer Thickness in Normal and Glaucomatous Eyes using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Author

Latief, Miftahul Akhyar, Ibrahim, Diah Gemala, Rimayanti, Ulfah, Akita, Tomoyuki, Tanaka, Junko, and Kiuchi, Yoshiaki

Subjects
SD-OCT, inner retinal layer thickness, glaucoma, genetic structures, sense organs, Outer retinal layer thickness, eye diseases
Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the outer retinal layer thicknesses in normal and glaucomatous eyes with a Topcon 3D spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) instrument. Methods: Fifty-nine normal eyes and 139 glaucomatous eyes were included in this study. The SD-OCT images were assessed to determine the overall average, superior, and inferior thicknesses of the inner and outer retinal layers. The macula was examined in an area of 7 × 7 mm centered on the fovea and divided into 10 × 10 grids. The thicknesses of the inner and outer macular layers in each square of the ten grids horizontally aligned below the fovea were plotted in a line graph. Results: The findings indicated that all the inner retinal parameters decreased with increasing glaucoma severity. The difference in outer retinal layer thickness between the normal and all the glaucoma groups was not significant. However, the outer retinal layer thickness was significantly different for different glaucoma severity subgroups (P < 0.05). The changes in thickness in the outer retinal layer in the ten small squares horizontally aligned under the fovea revealed significant differences between the normal control group and the various glaucoma severity subgroups. Conclusions: Changes in the thickness of the outer macular retinal layer can be detected using a Topcon 3D SD-OCT 2000. The findings of this study indicate that the outer retinal layer might be involved in glaucomatous eyes.

Published
2019

9. Evaluation of Outer Retinal Layer Thickness in Normal and Glaucomatous Eyes using Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Author

Latief, Miftahul Akhyar, Ibrahim, Diah Gemala, Rimayanti, Ulfah, Akita, Tomoyuki, Tanaka, Junko, Kiuchi, Yoshiaki, Latief, Miftahul Akhyar, Ibrahim, Diah Gemala, Rimayanti, Ulfah, Akita, Tomoyuki, Tanaka, Junko, and Kiuchi, Yoshiaki

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the outer retinal layer thicknesses in normal and glaucomatous eyes with a Topcon 3D spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) instrument. Methods: Fifty-nine normal eyes and 139 glaucomatous eyes were included in this study. The SD-OCT images were assessed to determine the overall average, superior, and inferior thicknesses of the inner and outer retinal layers. The macula was examined in an area of 7 × 7 mm centered on the fovea and divided into 10 × 10 grids. The thicknesses of the inner and outer macular layers in each square of the ten grids horizontally aligned below the fovea were plotted in a line graph. Results: The findings indicated that all the inner retinal parameters decreased with increasing glaucoma severity. The difference in outer retinal layer thickness between the normal and all the glaucoma groups was not significant. However, the outer retinal layer thickness was significantly different for different glaucoma severity subgroups (P < 0.05). The changes in thickness in the outer retinal layer in the ten small squares horizontally aligned under the fovea revealed significant differences between the normal control group and the various glaucoma severity subgroups. Conclusions: Changes in the thickness of the outer macular retinal layer can be detected using a Topcon 3D SD-OCT 2000. The findings of this study indicate that the outer retinal layer might be involved in glaucomatous eyes.

10. Inactivation of acyclovir-sensitive and -resistant strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 in vitro by photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy.

Author

Latief MA, Chikama T, Ko JA, Kiuchi Y, Sakaguchi T, and Obana A

Subjects
Cell Line, Cell Survival drug effects, Drug Resistance, Viral, Herpes Simplex drug therapy, Humans, L-Lactate Dehydrogenase metabolism, Photosensitizing Agents pharmacology, Photosensitizing Agents toxicity, Porphyrins pharmacology, Porphyrins toxicity, Acyclovir pharmacology, Antiviral Agents pharmacology, Herpesvirus 1, Human drug effects, Photochemotherapy methods
Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) with the new porphyrin derivative TONS 504 and a light-emitting diode (LED) against acyclovir (ACV)-sensitive and -resistant herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)., Methods: Human FL cells infected with the viral strains were subjected to PACT with TONS 504 at various concentrations (0.01 to 10 mg/l) and irradiation at various light energies (10 to 30 J/cm(2)) and were then incubated for 24 h before analysis., Results: Immunocytofluorescence analysis with antibodies to HSV-1 revealed that PACT eliminated HSV-1 and ACV-resistant HSV-1 in a manner dependent on the TONS 504 concentration and light energy. Complete eradication of both viruses was apparent at a TONS 504 concentration of 10 mg/l and light energy of 10 to 30 J/cm(2) as well as at a TONS 504 concentration of 1 mg/l and light energy of 20 or 30 J/cm(2). No antiviral effect was apparent with TONS 504 in the absence of irradiation or with irradiation in the absence of TONS 504. Staining of cell nuclei with 4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole revealed no apparent cytotoxicity of the PACT system, a finding that was confirmed by the system's failure to induce the release of lactate dehydrogenase from the host cells., Conclusions: We conclude that our PACT system based on TONS 504 and an LED is effective for eliminating HSV-1 and ACV-resistant HSV-1 without a harmful effect on host cells.

Published
2015

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