Search

Introduction: Patients scheduled to undergo elective surgeries should be assessed, well in advance, by anaesthetists with a view to plan optimal preparations and perioperative management regarding their anaesthetic requirements. Aim: To assess the knowledge of the role of anaesthetists during the perioperative period and the importance of preanesthetic check-up among patients undergoing elective surgery. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Khaja Bandanawaz Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalaburgi, Karnataka, India, from August 2019 to February 2020. The study involved 300 patients posted to the preanesthetic check-up clinic, over a span of six months for elective surgeries. Patients were asked to complete a questionnaire consisting of 17 questions. Statistical analysis was carried out using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 16.0 for Microsoft Windows and Excel. Results: Out of total 300 patients, 198 (66%) were males with the mean age of 38.68±10.35 years. Graduates made up 28.6% of the participants, and 44.3% of them either had some schooling (primary or secondary) and the rest 27% did not have any education. Overall, 69 (23%) participants had a history of surgery and except one, all received both Preanaesthetic Check-up (PAC) and anaesthesia during their previous surgery. The mean awareness score was highest among the participants with a history of previous surgery (p-value

Context: The prosthetic technology in recent years has grown by leap and bounds. The most advanced gadgets like microprocessors are available worldwide at exorbitant costs. Developing countries have issues with terrain, access to services, and cost. The new design of the prosthetic knee joint was planned to develop a cost-effective, sturdy, and easy to fit a universal system. Methods and Material: This exploratory design was undertaken to develop a prototype. The design was further developed and tested for its materialistic properties. Pilot study assessing functions using this joint is also underway. Results and Conclusion: The novelty of this knee joint is that locking and unlocking are made simple such that it can be done by the transfemoral amputee at will, with ease, on the spot, independent of the terrain he/she is traversing. The awareness of such a prosthetic joint is vital for family physicians.

An adult male who never stood, ambulating on all four due to bilateral severe knee flexion contractures, since his childhood, was 21 years of age, and not deterred by his condition, was pursuing his higher education. He was coaxed by his friends to seek medical opinion and it was decided to give a trial and let the client have a feel of bipedal stance and ambulation. Although there is a paucity of recent evidence on the use of bent knee prosthesis, the trial successfully restored the dignity.

Background: Following head injury, cardiopulmonary functions are impaired and this disturbs the oxygenation transport pathway. Expanding cardiopulmonary physical therapy to encompass the oxygen transport system as a whole has implication for treatment as well as assessment and treatment outcome. Therefore, the aim of the study is to assess the oxygenation level in head injury patients with relation to body positioning in the intensive care unit (ICU). Methodology: Thirty consecutive patients with head injury with hemodynamically stable were included from the surgical ICU, ages ranging from 15 to 50 years. Noninvasive vital parameters (oxygen saturation [SpO2], pulse rate [PR], respiratory rate [RR], and blood pressure [BP]) were observed and recorded in different body positions at regular intervals of 5 min for 15 min in each position. Results: There was increment in SpO2 value in all positions from 0 min to end of 15 min in supine (98.63 ± 0.36–98.73 ± 0.30), right-side lying (98.77 ± 0.30–98.93 ± 0.20), left-side lying (98.73 ± 0.29–99.03 ± 0.24), and recline sitting (30°–70°) (99.03 ± 0.24–99.50 ± 0.22). However, there was statistically significant increment in recline sitting (30°–70°) compared to other positions (P = 0.036) while other parameters (PR, RR, and BP) were getting stabilized at lower values at end of 15 min in every positions tested. Conclusion: We conclude that upright position bring about significant increase in arterial SpO2 compared to any other positions. Other vital parameters were seen to stabilize at lower values at the end of 15 min in every position tested.

One-step hydrothermally synthesized over-oxidized Mo3Se4 with enriched selenium exhibited a specific capacity of 1006.75 mA h g−1 at 0.1C. It retained 71% of the initial value during the rate performance test. This novel electrode demonstrated a large specific capacity of 897.62 mA h g−1 at 0.4C at the end of 332 cycles. The exceptional results for mixed phase Mo3Se4 suggest its structural and chemical stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) has emerged as a potential regulator of plant defence against different abiotic stresses. As a climacteric fruit, banana undergoes oxidative stresses shortly after harvest, resulting in faster ripening and senescence. This work examines the effects of vacuum infiltrated H2S on ripening inhibition of banana.Banana fruits were vacuum infiltrated with 1 mm H2S. Effects on oxidative stress markers, physiological changes, bioactive compounds and antioxidant potentials were examined during storage at 25 °C and 75–80% RH.Results indicate that treated fruits were less affected by oxidative stress, as evident by lower accumulation of ROS (superoxide and peroxide ions), elevated phenols content and antioxidant capacity. The ripening inhibitory effects of H2S delayed chlorophyll loss and reduced ethylene and CO2 production. H2S infiltration also reduced MDA accumulation and electrolytic leakage, resulting in longer shelf life.Vacuum infiltration with H2S had a protective effect on postharvest banana through overcoming the deleterious effect of ROS and strengthening antioxidant potential. Thus, this method could be promising for enhanced preservation of banana during storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present investigation, process parameters were optimized in order to enhance the reduction of calcium oxide (CaO) from sugarcane molasses using acid centrifugation treatment. To predict the effects of process factors on CaO reduction efficiency, a response surface approach with a central composite design was selected. The polynomial quadratic equation was used to predict CaO removal efficiency, and the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was utilized to assess the relevance of process factors. The appropriateness of the developed model was determined by regression analysis, which yielded a higher R-squared value of 0.99334 ± 0.01. At the optimum process parameters of 100°C temperature, 50°Bx, and 3.50 pH, the CaO clarification efficacy of 66.17 wt.% was achieved. The experimental results indicated that for acidic centrifugation treatment, the experimentally observed CaO reduction of 65.94 wt% is in close agreement with the model equation’s predicted maximum CaO reduction of 66.17 wt% with a t-test value of 0.497726. Under such conditions, 0.982 wt.% CaO sugarcane molasses was obtained, which is low when compared to the world average of 1.5% CaO content of sugarcane molasses. Furthermore, the implementation of an artificial neural network (ANN) provided a better prediction model for CaO reduction, with a substantial R-squared value of 0.99866. However, the genetic algorithm (GA) optimization resulted in an actual CaO reduction of 66.21 wt.% with a t-test value of 0.497726.

Workforce diversity literature highlights adverse effects of surface diversity on employee affect. We examine the applicability of surface diversity effects in the Indian social milieu. Since diversity effects are context-specific, in a first, we test the moderating impact of employee's perceived organisational politics on the inclusion mediated diversity-well-being link among 617 employees from Indian organisations. Post ascertaining the measurement model fit using AMOS 22, we used PROCESS to test for moderated-mediation effects. Perception of organisational politics moderated the surface diversity–inclusion–well-being link such that inclusion was found to be weaker for employees who perceived high politics. We discuss the implications for managers.

Background: Following head injury, cardiopulmonary functions are impaired and this disturbs the oxygenation transport pathway. Expanding cardiopulmonary physical therapy to encompass the oxygen transport system as a whole has implication for treatment as well as assessment and treatment outcome. Therefore, the aim of the study is to assess the oxygenation level in head injury patients with relation to body positioning in the intensive care unit (ICU). Methodology: Thirty consecutive patients with head injury with hemodynamically stable were included from the surgical ICU, ages ranging from 15 to 50 years. Noninvasive vital parameters (oxygen saturation [SpO2], pulse rate [PR], respiratory rate [RR], and blood pressure [BP]) were observed and recorded in different body positions at regular intervals of 5 min for 15 min in each position. Results: There was increment in SpO2 value in all positions from 0 min to end of 15 min in supine (98.63 ± 0.36-98.73 ± 0.30), right-side lying (98.77 ± 0.30-98.93 ± 0.20), left-side lying (98.73 ± 0.29-99.03 ± 0.24), and recline sitting (30°-70°) (99.03 ± 0.24-99.50 ± 0.22). However, there was statistically significant increment in recline sitting (30°-70°) compared to other positions (P = 0.036) while other parameters (PR, RR, and BP) were getting stabilized at lower values at end of 15 min in every positions tested. Conclusion: We conclude that upright position bring about significant increase in arterial SpO2 compared to any other positions. Other vital parameters were seen to stabilize at lower values at the end of 15 min in every position tested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Non vital bleaching is simple, conservative procedure for esthetic correction of discolored endodontically treated teeth. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the amount of peroxide leakage from four different bleaching agents i.e superoxol, sodium perborate, combination of superoxol & sodium perborate and carbamide peroxide during intracoronal bleaching, as the safe and effective bleaching is the need of the hour. Materials & Methods: 50 extracted maxillary centrals were selected for the study. Following standardized protocol access, cleaning and shaping by step back technique and obturation was done using guttapercha and AH plus sealer. Access was sealed with Cavit G and outer root surface was coated with wax and nail varnish. The teeth were separated into crown and root and the root portion was placed in plastic tube containing distilled water for 7days.After incubation, 3mm of gutta-percha was removed below CEJ and 2mm glass ionomer cement base was placed. Grouped into five categories based on the bleaching agent placed in pulp chamber as -group1 (control)- distilled water, group 2-sodium perborate with distilled water , group 3- 30% hydrogen peroxide ,group 4-mixture of sodium perborate and 30% hydrogen peroxide and group 5-10% carbamide peroxide gel. Peroxide leakage was measured after 24hrs using ferrothiocyanate method and optical density using spectrophotometer. Statistical analysis of the data was conducted using ANOVA and multiple comparisons within the groups was done using BONFERRONI method (Post-Hoc tests). Results: The results showed highest peroxide penetration from 30% hydrogen peroxide followed by mixture of sodium perborate with 30% hydrogen peroxide, mixture of sodium perborate with distilled water and least penetration from 10% carbamide peroxide gel. The results were statistically significant. Conclusion: Radicular peroxide leakage in 10% carbamide peroxide was significantly lower than the other tested bleaching agents making it a very safe alternative for intracoronal bleaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims/objectives: To evaluate in vitro the ultrasonic vibration efficacy with and without water spray cooling on the reduction of the amount of force necessary to dislodge the cast posts cemented with resin cement and to compare it with those cemented with GIC Type I luting cement. Materials and Methods: Sixty samples were divided into six groups: groups 1, 2, 3, posts cemented with GIC; groups 4, 5, 6, posts cemented with resin; groups 1 and 4 (controls), no ultrasound; groups 2 and 5, ultrasound without water spray; and groups 3 and 6, ultrasound with water spray. Instron testing machine was used to dislodge the posts from the root canals and the data was statistically analyzed. Results: Ultrasound with water spray (group 3) among the GIC groups reduced the traction force necessary to extract posts by 53.33% whereas ultrasound without water spray (group 5) among the resin groups reduced by 59.5% compared to control. Conclusion: Ultrasound with water is more effective in removing posts cemented with GIC because of the ultrasonic energy being transferred to the post. Ultasonics without water is more effective in removing posts fixed with resin cement probably by the indirect action of heat production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thin layer chromatographic method has been developed for the separation of metal ions such as Cr(VI), Cr(III), As(III), Cd(II), Tl(III) and Hg(II) from their two, three and four component mixtures. The separations were performed on thin layer of silica gel ‘G’ using aqueous l-Alanine as mobile phase. The effect of concentration and pH of mobile phase on the Rf values of individual metal ions were studied and the optimum conditions for separation of metal ions from their mixture were determined.