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Caught in the conditions of the global pandemic of the disease COVID-19 and the cessation of "normal life" distance learning was the only possibility to continue the educational process. Apart from teachers and children, parents were also indirectly involved in the implementation of distance learning. This applies in particular for childrens from lower grades primary school, as in addition to adjusting to school and learning in general, they found it even more difficult to apply the teaching process that moved from the school environment to the virtual world. Without the help of parents, such students would not be able to follow online lessons on their own in terms of accessing and using digital tools. This research focuses on the analysis of distance learning from the perspective of parents who found themselves in the role of teacher assistants. The research will show attitudes and reactions of parents to the new way of teaching, from information on the used digital tools and ICT equipment, their competencies for monitoring online classes, interaction with the child, communication with the teacher, time spent with the child in class, homework, parental assessment of the level of workload of students with distance learning, level of satisfaction and personal experience through indirect involvement in the teaching process. Social status will be determined and issues related to parent / teacher competencies will be developed as a starting point for research methodology that aims to determine the impact of these competencies on the success of mastering the teaching. The thesis is based on the conceptualization of the social status of the family, the competencies of the parents and the results of the learning outcomes of students in the pandemic COVID-19. The proposed methodology is placed in a qualitative methodological paradigm and consists of: a questionnaire for parents and a focus to group. The purpose of this research is to determine how social and competence framework, in which teaching and learning took place, have impact to final outcome of education at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic, and further to prove that the social status and competencies of parents significantly influenced learning outcomes.

In the 21st century the efficiency of work in the field of nursing largely depends on the proper use of information and communication technology in order to identify, find, process, store and communicate essential information. This is imperative for nurses and technicians in order to spend as little time as possible on administrative tasks and to devote most of their time to patients and medical care. In addition, information- literate nurses and technicians can significantly influence patients' health literacy. The subject of this paper is information literacy in the field of nursing since the problem being researched is the study of the extent to which nurses and technicians are information literate. The purpose of this paper is to show the situation related to information literacy of nursing in the Republic of Croatia. Two hypotheses that are being researched are: Information literacy helps nurses to improve the quality of medical care by reducing administration time ; and the second one: In order to increase the level of information literacy, it is necessary to introduce new contents into the existing nursing curricula and ensure lifelong learning. Confirmation of the hypotheses was ensured through the implementation of the research where a questionnaire was distributed and the available body of literature was studied. The paper itself consists of an introductory part in which a brief overview of the area is given as well as an explanation of the basic concepts. Subsequently, the results of the survey and examination of the available literature are presented. The results of the research are shown in the discussion part and definitive conclusions are reached at the end.

Today, when the entire library profession is essentially focused on the development, application and adaptation of traditional aids to the new technological environment, this knowledge is becoming sought after outside the domain of the library profession. It is certain, however, that the mentioned traditional knowledge and skills should be developed with a completely new context of communication and a new environment in mind. Accessibility, reliability, consistency and relevance of data and information on recorded knowledge also raise the question of organization and presentation of recorded knowledge. In this paper, the authors talk about bibliographic classification systems used for the organization of knowledge and question their use and effectiveness in the Internet environment. The Semantic Web (SW) was gradually developed and shaped through a network of related data, part of which was built using semantics stored in existing knowledge organization (KOS) systems, subject metadata, and resource metadata. Bibliographic classifications are designed to organize, present, and impart knowledge that offers both rich terminology and different ways in which concepts can be categorized and interrelated. In this paper, we will consider some ways in which universal classifications, as language-independent schemas, can help people and computers structure and present information. Most importantly, we highlight issues important for understanding bibliographic classifications, in terms of their untapped potential. Bibliographic or documentary classifications are a special type of knowledge classification intended for the mediation of knowledge. Their unique feature is that they do not deal with objects or entities, as other classifications of knowledge, but with objects, ie the ways in which entities are described in documents. Bibliographic classifications will systematize phenomena and topics that can be studied in relation to these phenomena, but will also provide the vocabulary needed to express the types of knowledge presentation, attitudes, target audiences, or document forms. Since the content of a document is a complex construction that needs to be described by a series of concepts in different relationships, classification can also provide rules on how to express complex interactions between knowledge phenomena as they appear in documents. Since the content of a document is a complex construction that needs to be described by a series of concepts in different relationships, classification can also provide rules on how to express complex interactions between knowledge phenomena as they appear in documents. Classification and indexing are an intellectually and professionally complex, expensive and time- consuming process. For most text retrieval tasks, various automatic word processing models and advanced techniques such as statistical models or language models will give good results. However, not all documents are available in digital form and not all digital documents are textual, in the same language or script. Equally, not all digital collections are available or available in an open networked environment and will not be easily processed by otherwise successful data and knowledge collection methods. The task of merging and integrating the information contained in inherited collections into the knowledge network is still ahead of us. Implementation of knowledge classification Therefore, we believe that the interest in bibliographic classification systems with wider use on the Internet will affect their maintenance and development. The three general bibliographic classifications most commonly used in international use are: the Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC), the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC), and the Library of Congress Classification (LCC). These classifications are used in most countries and bibliographic collections and are considered de facto standards in the exchange of information on recorded knowledge

Education and learning processes are rapidly changing and changes are especially noticeable in area of educational material: books, textbooks, manuals etc. More and more educational material is digitally born and distributed the same way, thanks to technological development but also to understanding and acceptance of those forms and media. Growth of digital education materials is caused by changes in education process, development of life-learning concept and virtual educational environments, scientific and technological development. New knowledge contributes to rapid change, updating and adjustments in educational processes.

Education has always been the trigger for change and development throughout the past. Educational systems have been reformed and new, efficient educational methods have been researched. However, the underlying question is where do we want to take education and what should be our goals with regard to education in the future. The time we live in is marked by globalisation as a human sciences phenomenon. It demands fast learning and adaptation to the technological advancement. If we consider the sheer point of education in this light, there are certain questions to be raised about the lack of the humanistic aspect, which are justified. The end result of education is no longer directed at humanistic ideals, but at the vision of a very successful businessman. The goal of this research was to determine the changes which occurred within the higher education and university characteristics since the issued Bologna guidelines until the Bologna reform today within the context of European educational system. Specific attention has been given to European trends and changes in the Republic of Croatia. At this time two educational streams are present: humanistic and technological. The idea was to bring them together within the context of higher education and create a unique path of education for the future.

The problem of evaluation of scientific work can be investigated from different perspectives. The most common method of evaluation is based on the peer review and comparison of scientist, institution, science fields, country etc. Although being recently critiqued for its inadequacies due to the changes in the scientific communication still the quantitative method or scientometrics approach is considered as the most appropriate method. Paper presents the results of research based on analysis of the QQML conference proceedings and journal as a medium of scientific communication. The goal of the research was to answer the question of the relevance of the conference and its impact to scientific work. Using the scientometrics approach and the data gathered author analyses: the number and type of the work published, authorship (taking into account the collaboration as a foundation to understanding scientific communication inside the community), impact (based on citation or download, presuming that downloaded documents are considered as relevant) as well as the citation analysis. The results add to the research of different paths and specificities of the scientific communication under the QQML umbrella and impact of publishing authors and their research as well as the QQML conference as a communication media.

E-learning technologies and strategies, like online learning, distance learning, virtual classrooms etc., have evolved from linear pattern approach to non-linear interactive environments using adaptive hypermedia systems by building a model of the goals, interests, preferences and knowledge in order to adapt the content, presentation and navigation to each individual user (Brusilovsky, P., 2001). In recent years an extensive research has been done in the field of Semantic web technologies or Web 3.0 and its integration with adaptive e- learning systems. This paper presents a literature overview of Semantic web technologies contribution to the future development of e-learning systems.

Paper presents results of international university collaboration in developing virtual learning environment at the Faculty of Philosophy University of Sarajevo. Based on the success of the Omega system implemented at Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences University of Zagreb collaboration in creating a similar virtual learning environment on Faculty of Philosophy University of Sarajevo has started. Results of the implementation of BISER e- learning system are shown. Special emphasis is put on the initial usage statistics as well as future development plans.

The paper gives an overview of topics that have been highlighted at the previous five QQML conferences. Based on the classification of conference papers, we will show how much interest there was in particular topics, the institutions that authors came from, etc. We will also give a historiograph presentation of how specific research topics appeared through time. We will use statistical indicators relating to the number and type of conference papers, topics, keywords and co-authorship, to show and analyse productivity in the field of information sciences taken as a whole. In this context, we will particularly analyse institutions and countries that authors came from. Finally, we will especially single out those indicators that expressly show the conference's impact over this five-year period. The aim of the paper is to show the significance of conferences in the development of the fields.

There is currently huge amount of data on the Web and almost no classification information. The key problem is how to embed knowledge into information mining algorithms. The authors analyse techniques of information retrieval and give their strong and weak points. Although most Web documents are text oriented, there are plenty of them that contain multimedia elements, which are not easily accessible through common search methods. Web information is dynamic, semi-structured, and interwound with hyperlinks. Several advanced methods for Web information mining are analyzed: 1) syntax analysis, 2) metadata-based searching using RDF, 3) knowledge annotation by use of conceptual graphs (CGs), 4) KPS: Keyword, Pattern, Sample search techniques, and 5) techniques of obtaining descriptions by fuzzification and back-propagation. The problem of choosing proper keywords is also stressed out. The authors suggest the usage of already accepted standards for classification hierarchy, such as Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC).

The journal is the basic medium of scientific communication and one of the most widely used sources for bibliometric analysis. In this paper, we will address the scientific activities in the field of information science in Croatia by means of bibliometric analysis of 1418 papers published in social sciences journals listed as references for promotion of scientists through academic ranks in the field of information science. Based on a list of scientific journals and specificity of scientific publishing in national and international scientific journals we will show trends of scientific activities. When it comes to the evaluation of scientific papers it is not the same whether the paper is published in national or international journals. A paper published in a national journal in native language is not evaluated the same (no matter how highly rated paper is) as the paper published in an international journal. For small countries and their languages (which we certainly belong to) an important indicator of the value of the journal is its representation in relevant databases. The possibility that a journal published in national language by an undersized publisher from a small country will enter relevant databases is certainly not the same as in cases when the journal is published in English by a large publisher from a country with strong scientific tradition. The majority of countries where English is not native language seek representation, visibility and recognition through its scientific production in citation indexes. This recognition is measured by the presence of national journals in citation indexes. By the analysis of SSCI, which consists of journals from around the world and all disciplines, we will show the dominance of journals published in English speaking countries and also journals published by major publishers. So actually national journals whose publishers are "small" have no chance of survival because in the evaluation of scientific excellence needed for the academic promotion they have "little" value and are thus avoided by scientists. If we are planning to stimulate our own scientific production in our national language it is necessary to set the criteria which will particularly evaluate papers published in national language when planning scientific policy and the development of science. The purpose of this study is to highlight the need for a new evaluation model and stimulate scientific research in the field of information science in the national context.

Obrazovanje školskih knjižničara i ishodi učenja

Suvremene ideje o učenju, koje zastupa konstruktivistička teorija obrazovanja, u svojim polazištima obuhvaćaju definiranje uloge informacijske pismenosti u obrazovnim sustavima jer informacijska pismenost pomaže učenicima i studentima u snalaženju, razumijevanju i kritičkom preispitivanju iznimno kompleksnih informacijskih prostora. Digitalno okruženje još je više naglasilo povezanost modaliteta ulaženja u interakciju s informacijom i učenja te naglasilo ulogu informacijske pismenosti u obrazovanju. U kontekstu povezivanja suvremenih polazišta obrazovanja i informacijske pismenosti, nameće se pitanje informacijske opismenjenosti internetske ili Google generacije, tj. njihovih obrazaca traženja i korištenja informacija u obrazovne svrhe. Pregršt literature upućuje na promjenu informacijskog ponašanja i medijskih navika ove skupine mladih ljudi. U radu će se prvo predstaviti koncept informacijske pismenosti, prikazati njegova povezanost sa suvremenim polazištima u obrazovanju te ga smjestiti u raspon „pismenosti 21. stoljeća“. Posebno će biti prikazan odnos medijske i informacijske pismenosti čije ukrštavanje predlažu istaknute institucije poput UNESCO-a. Cilj ovoga rada jest analizirati odabrana primarna istraživanja obrazaca informacijskog ponašanja mladih (učenika i studenata) radi upućivanja na poteškoće koje se, uslijed promjena u informacijskim interakcijama, pojavljuju u procesima učenja. Iako se pripadnicima novih generacija učenika pripisuju iznimne vještine korištenja novih tehnologija, rezultati istraživanja informacijskih i medijskih navika, interakcija i načina procesiranja informacija pokazuju da se radi o horizontalnim ili površnim interakcijama koje su usmjerene na kvantitetu podataka umjesto na njihovo kvalitetno tumačenje i kritičko razmatranje koji su, kao takvi, pretpostavka za dubinsko, smisleno i istinsko učenje. Uočene kritičke sastavnice informacijskog ponašanja, koje se izravno odražavaju i na kvalitetu procesa učenja, će se usporediti i povezati s kompetencijama koje se stječu postupcima informacijskog opismenjivanja. Matrica povezanosti pouzdan je i poticajan razlog sustavnome uvođenju informacijske pismenosti u obrazovanje.

Rad se kritički osvrće nav koncept standardizacije informacijske pismenosti te razmatra prednosti i mane preuzimanja i prevođenja postojećeg i objavljenog standarda poput standarda ACRL. Autorice u radu dolaze do zaključka da je inozemne standarde potrebno kontekstualizirati i lokalizirati zbog specifičnih razlika koje postoje u razvijenosti informacijskih društava, obrazovnim sustavima ili tradicijama u bibliotekarstvu. druga je mogućnost donošenje vlastitih standarda pri čemu je poželjna suradnja zemalja koje dijele isti kontekst, poput zemalja Jugoistočne Europe.

Svrha je opskrbe dokumentima omogućiti korisnicima svih profila dostup do inozemnih informacijskih izvora sa što manje posrednika, na što jednostavniji način i uz što manju cijenu. Provedeno je istraživanje međuknjižnične posudbe i dostave dokumenata (MKP i DD) Nacionalne i sveučilišne knjižnice u Zagrebu (NSK) s najznačajnijim europskim sustavima (SUBITO, BLDSC, COBISS, SBN), čiji skupni katalozi omogućuju lakše pronalaženje informacija, potpunu bibliografsku preglednost, lociranje knjižnice, istovremeno naručivanje te brži primitak publikacija. Provedeno istraživanje potvrđuje značenje i ulogu koju međuknjižnična posudba i dostava dokumenata imaju u Knjižnici.

The application of information technologies in higher education has the unquestionable potential to increase the quality of teaching and efficiency of learning. This paper researches different aspects and features of webinars, which could be used in higher education as one of many online tools in blended learning. Webinar preparation and conduction aspects are investigated and technical requirements are stressed, along with possible problems during implementation. The research results, obtained by questionnaires comprising of student opinions and their readiness for webinar usage, are presented.

In today’s fast moving world when students mention Internet more often than going to the library, colleges and universities have to adapt to Net Generation students who have grown up with information and communication technology and value experimental learning, working in teams and social networking. The paper presents the research performed with the students learning English for Special Purposes at the third semester of the study, at the Faculty of Geodesy, University of Zagreb. The main goal of the research was to find out whether combined teaching model can contribute to the language learning process through various activities. The tested sample consisted of two groups, each of 35 students, working on their assignments by face-to-face and online models. The findings of the research show whether ICT can contribute to enhance some segments of the language skills. The final test for all students analysed 6 elements of the written communication, 4 elements of the oral communication, communication quality with teacher and among students, average final grade and students’ attitudes towards new technology. The results have been analysed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). At the end suggestion for further implementation are given.

Brzina tehnoloških primjena utjecala je i na knjižnice. Paralelno nastojeći obavljati sve tradicionalne informacijske usluge, knjižničari sada trebaju razviti i nove vještine, te ujedno i predvidjeti nove usluge potrebne za uspješno funkcioniranje u elektroničkom obrazovnom okruženju. Tako primjerice, današnja briga o pristupu zbirci i informacijama podrazumijeva pristup digitalnim izvorima koje knjižničar fizički ne posjeduje. Takoñer, s obzirom na promjenu samog okruženja i potrebe korisnika za pristupom izvorima s jednog mjesta, knjižnica više ne posjeduje korisnike koji fizički dolaze u knjižnicu i traže tiskanu grañu, već služi kao posrednik izmeñu korisnika i distribuiranih informacija, čime se javlja problem pristupa, opisa, organizacije i upravljanja različitim vrstama informacijskih izvora. Današnji korisnici više ne žele fizički odlaziti po informacije, već zahtijevaju integraciju različitih tipova usluga i pristup informacijama s jednog mjesta. Razvojem ureñaja s više integriranih tehnologija, omogućena je integracija različitih sastavnica informacijskog prostora te je stoga nužno i objedinjavanje pristupa različitim uslugama, za što je potrebno prilagoñavati postojeće servise, ali i stvarati nove, što zapravo zahtijeva razvoj i usvajanje novih vještina Na taj način tehnologija utječe na sve aspekte rada knjižnice, posebice stoga što nameće nove izazove knjižničarima koji trebaju balansirati izmeñu tradicionalnih pomagala i načina rada i novih okruženja za koja ili treba prilagoditi postojeća pomagala ili stvoriti nova.

Paper focuses on abilities of librarians to adapt and respond to the constantly emerging changes influenced by the advancement of ICT. The authors emphasize the necessity of defining and promoting new concept and understanding of the school library in electronic environment. Traditional school library roles need to adapt and change to respond to the needs of new users growing up in the interactive and information overloaded environment. Many of the aspects of current school library tasks and roles originate from a print-based culture which is incongruent with the transient and hybrid nature of digital environments. These radically changing environments are posing different tasks on school librarians leading them to balance carefully between the traditional school environments, infrastructure, institutions hierarchy and with the various new needs of “ Google generation” users. Taking into account all the changes in the information environment authors emphasise the necessary improvements in education of school librarians.

S razvojem informacijske tehnologije te njenom sve češćom primjenom u obravnim ustanovama, priprema nastave i način praćenja nastave sve se više nadopunjuju digitalnim sadržajima. MOODLE (Modular Object Oriented Dynamic Learnig Environment), je open source sustav za upravljanje Web sadržajem koji funkcionira kao programska aplikacija za izradu i održavanje online kolegija putem Interneta, nudeći različite module za organizaciju i administraciju nastave i nastavnih sadržaja. Elektronička distribucija materijala omogućuje nastavnicima češće i pravovremeno osvježavanje nastavnih materijala koji su svima uvijek i svugdje dostupni. Cilj je radionice informirati i pripremiti polaznike za korištenje, postavljanje i administraciju MOODLE-a, open source sustava za upravljanje nastavnim sadržajima na webu. Polaznici otvaraju radne kolegije, postavljaju nastavne sadržaje, aktivnosti i resurse različitih formata. Uz tiskane materijale i materijale na CD ROM-u, sudionicima je dodijeljen i certifikat o sudjelovanju na radionici.

Informacijsko čitanje je knjiga koji nas uvodi u načine čitanja informacijskih stručnjaka. S jedne je strane ta vrsta čitanja najtraženija pri učenju i svladavanju gradiva za obrazovne potrebe, a s druge je strane upravo ta vrsta čitanja omogućila sadržajno pretraživanje baza podataka, a danas i interneta.

U radu se upoređuju teoretski i praktični koncepti tradicionalne, virtualne, hibridne i digitalne biblioteke sa namerom da se jasno istakne opredeljenje elektronske biblioteke.

Cilj praktično ostvariti i prikazati, te promovirati uspješne primjene metoda i tehnologija e-učenja kao alata za poboljšanje sveučilišnog obrazovanja, te primjenu e-učenja u nastavi jezika.

This research examines the students’ view on teaching assessment surveys conducted by the University of Zagreb. It especially focuses on student’ s perceived importance of this assessment and its influence on quality control.

Since Croatia is a transitional country, it is subject to many changes, in education as well as the economy. Present changes can be observed at all levels of education, from the primary schools to the universities. Their aim is to improve quality and efficiency of education. The central principle of these efforts is to develop lifelong learners with intellectual abilities of reasoning, critical thinking, creative problem-solving, decision-making, independent learning and the responsible consume of information. In elementary schools we have implemented Croatian National Educational Standard whose aims correspond to the objectives that dominate the educational sector in the EU and are directed at building a knowledge-based society in which the school system is primarily intended to prepare pupils for lifelong learning. Reform aspirations in tertiary education, inaugurated by the Bologna agreement, refer to employability, quality assurance, mobility, compatibility and imply lifelong learning as a core concept. These principles have stimulated universities to restructure their curricular offerings and bring them in line with societal needs that predominate in the knowledge economy. This change will enable exchange of both European and Croatian experts and students. These changes have influenced the education of school librarians as well as the changes in educational environment i.e. educational practice influenced by advanced technology. Authors give an analysis of the current situation in education of Croatian school librarians.

The interdisciplinary two-year undergraduate Study of Socio-Humanistic Information Science at the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Zagreb, originated in 1978 in the Department of Linguistics. The corresponding department was established two years later. While the other similar studies worldwide are based on hard sciences, the Zagreb study is connected with social and humanistic sciences in its curriculum. The data from the questionnaire of Zagreb University Committee on Information Science showed that the departments of Faculty of Philosophy offered more subjects in information sciences than any other faculty. Those subjects (just to mention one per department) were: Philosophy with Symbolic Logic, Phonetics with Theory of Information, Comparative Literature with Librarianship, Linguistics with Mathematical Linguistics, Pedagogy with Programmed Learning, History with Archival Science, Art History with Museology, Psychology with Statistics and Sociology with Research Methods. The article deals with the framework of the study and gives the definition of information science.