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2. Unfolding the complexity of quasi-particle physics in disordered materials

Author

Mu, Sai, Olsen, Raina, Dutta, B., Lindsay, L., Samolyuk, G. D., Berlijn, T., Specht, E. D., Jin, K., Bei, H., Hickel, T., Larson, B. C., and Stocks, G. M.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

The concept of quasi-particles forms the theoretical basis of our microscopic understanding of emergent phenomena associated with quantum mechanical many-body interactions. However, quasi-particle theory in disordered materials has proven difficult, resulting in the predominance of mean-field solutions. Here we report first-principles phonon calculations and inelastic x-ray and neutron scattering measurements on equiatomic alloys (NiCo, NiFe, AgPd, and NiFeCo) with force constant dominant disorder - confronting a key 50-year-old assumption in the Hamiltonian of all mean-field quasi-particle solutions for off-diagonal disorder. Our results have revealed the presence of a large, and heretofore unrecognized, impact of local chemical environments on the distribution of the species-pair-resolved force constant disorder that can dominate phonon scattering. This discovery not only identifies a critical analysis issue that has broad implications for other elementary excitations such as magnons and skyrmions in magnetic alloys, but also provides an important tool for the design of materials with ultra-low thermal conductivity., Comment: 25 pages, 6 figures

Published
2019
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6. Natural genetic variation in arabidopsis thaliana defense metabolism genes modulates field fitness

Author

Kerwin, R, Feusier, J, Corwin, J, Rubin, M, Lin, C, Muok, A, Larson, B, Li, B, Joseph, B, Francisco, M, Copeland, D, Weinig, C, and Kliebenstein, DJ

Subjects
Biochemistry and Cell Biology
Abstract

Natural populations persist in complex environments, where biotic stressors, such as pathogen and insect communities, fluctuate temporally and spatially. These shifting biotic pressures generate heterogeneous selective forces that can maintain standing natural variation within a species. To directly test if genes containing causal variation for the Arabidopsis thaliana defensive compounds, glucosinolates (GSL) control field fitness and are therefore subject to natural selection, we conducted a multi-year field trial using lines that vary in only specific causal genes. Interestingly, we found that variation in these naturally polymorphic GSL genes affected fitness in each of our environments but the pattern fluctuated such that highly fit genotypes in one trial displayed lower fitness in another and that no GSL genotype or genotypes consistently out-performed the others. This was true both across locations and within the same location across years. These results indicate that environmental heterogeneity may contribute to the maintenance of GSL variation observed within Arabidopsis thaliana.

Published
2015

7. Thresholds for the cost–effectiveness of interventions: Alternative approaches

Author

Kahn, James, Marseille, E, Larson, B, Kazi, DS, Kahn, JG, and Rosen, S

Abstract

© 2014 by Institute of Fundamental Technological Research.Many countries use the cost–effectiveness thresholds recommended by the World Health Organization’s Choosing Interventions that are Cost–Effective project (WHO-CHOICE) when evaluating health interve

Published
2015

8. Electron-hole and plasmon excitations in 3d transition metals: Ab initio calculations and inelastic x-ray scattering measurements

Author

Gurtubay, I. G., Pitarke, J. M., Ku, Wei, Eguiluz, A. G., Larson, B. C., Tischler, J., Zschack, P., and Finkelstein, K. D.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

We report extensive all-electron time-dependent density-functional calculations and nonresonant inelastic x-ray scattering measurements of the dynamical structure factor of 3d transition metals. For small wave vectors, a plasmon peak is observed which is well described by our calculations. At large wave vectors, both theory and experiment exhibit characteristic low-energy electron-hole excitations of d character which correlate with the presence of d bands below and above the Fermi level. Our calculations, which have been carried out in the random-phase and adiabatic local-density approximations, are found to be in remarkable agreement with the measured dynamical structure factor of Sc and Cr at energies below the semicore onset energy (M-edge) of these materials., Comment: To appear in Phys. Rev. B

Published
2005
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9. Large crystal local-field effects in the dynamical structure factor of rutile TiO2

Author

Gurtubay, I. G., Ku, Wei, Pitarke, J. M., Eguiluz, A. G., Larson, B. C., Tischler, J., and Zschack, P.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

We present ab initio time-dependent-density-functional calculations and non-resonant inelastic x-ray scattering measurements of the dynamical structure factor of rutile TiO2. Our calculations are in good agreement with experiment and prove the presence of large crystal local-field effects below the Ti M-edge, which yield a sharp loss peak at 14 eV whose intensity features a remarkable non-monotonic dependence on the wave vector. These effects, which impact the excitation spectra in the oxide more dramatically than in transition metals, provide a signature of the underlying electronic structure., Comment: Accepted in Phys. Rev. B Rapid Communications

Published
2004
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11. Universal Conductivity in the Two dimensional Boson Hubbard Model

Author

Batrouni, G. G., Larson, B., Scalettar, R. T., Tobochnik, J., and Wang, J.

Subjects
Condensed Matter
Abstract

We use Quantum Monte Carlo to evaluate the conductivity $\sigma$ of the 2--dimensional disordered boson Hubbard model at the superfluid-bose glass phase boundary. At the critical point for particle density $\rho=0.5$, we find $\sigma_{c}=(0.45 \pm 0.07) \sigma_{Q}$, where $\sigma_{Q}= e_{*}^{2} / h$ from a finite size scaling analysis of the superfluid density. We obtain $\sigma_{c}=(0.47 \pm 0.08) \sigma_{Q}$ from a direct calculation of the current--current correlation function. Simulations at the critical points for other particle densities, $\rho=0.75$ and $1.0$, give similar values for $\sigma$. We discuss possible origins of the difference in this value from that recently obtained by other numerical approaches., Comment: 20 pages, figures available upon request. Tex with jnl3.tex and reforder.tex macros. cond-mat/yymmnnn

Published
1993
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12. Roadmap on energy harvesting materials

Author

Pecunia, V. (Vincenzo), Silva, S. R. (S Ravi P), Phillips, J. D. (Jamie D), Artegiani, E. (Elisa), Romeo, A. (Alessandro), Shim, H. (Hongjae), Park, J. (Jongsung), Kim, J. H. (Jin Hyeok), Yun, J. S. (Jae Sung), Welch, G. C. (Gregory C), Larson, B. W. (Bryon W), Creran, M. (Myles), Laventure, A. (Audrey), Sasitharan, K. (Kezia), Flores-Diaz, N. (Natalie), Freitag, M. (Marina), Xu, J. (Jie), Brown, T. M. (Thomas M), Li, B. (Benxuan), Wang, Y. (Yiwen), Li, Z. (Zhe), Hou, B. (Bo), Hamadani, B. H. (Behrang H), Defay, E. (Emmanuel), Kovacova, V. (Veronika), Glinsek, S. (Sebastjan), Kar-Narayan, S. (Sohini), Bai, Y. (Yang), Kim, D. B. (Da Bin), Cho, Y. S. (Yong Soo), Žukauskaitė, A. (Agnė), Barth, S. (Stephan), Fan, F. R. (Feng Ru), Wu, W. (Wenzhuo), Costa, P. (Pedro), del Campo, J. (Javier), Lanceros-Mendez, S. (Senentxu), Khanbareh, H. (Hamideh), Wang, Z. L. (Zhong Lin), Pu, X. (Xiong), Pan, C. (Caofeng), Zhang, R. (Renyun), Xu, J. (Jing), Zhao, X. (Xun), Zhou, Y. (Yihao), Chen, G. (Guorui), Tat, T. (Trinny), Ock, I. W. (Il Woo), Chen, J. (Jun), Graham, S. A. (Sontyana Adonijah), Yu, J. S. (Jae Su), Huang, L.-Z. (Ling-Zhi), Li, D.-D. (Dan-Dan), Ma, M.-G. (Ming-Guo), Luo, J. (Jikui), Jiang, F. (Feng), Lee, P. S. (Pooi See), Dudem, B. (Bhaskar), Vivekananthan, V. (Venkateswaran), Kanatzidis, M. G. (Mercouri G), Xie, H. (Hongyao), Shi, X.-L. (Xiao-Lei), Chen, Z.-G. (Zhi-Gang), Riss, A. (Alexander), Parzer, M. (Michael), Garmroudi, F. (Fabian), Bauer, E. (Ernst), Zavanelli, D. (Duncan), Brod, M. K. (Madison K), Al Malki, M. (Muath), Snyder, G. J. (G Jeffrey), Kovnir, K. (Kirill), Kauzlarich, S. M. (Susan M), Uher, C. (Ctirad), Lan, J. (Jinle), Lin, Y.-H. (Yuan-Hua), Fonseca, L. (Luis), Morata, A. (Alex), Martin-Gonzalez, M. (Marisol), Pennelli, G. (Giovanni), Berthebaud, D. (David), Mori, T. (Takao), Quinn, R. J. (Robert J), Bos, J. G. (Jan-Willem G), Candolfi, C. (Christophe), Gougeon, P. (Patrick), Gall, P. (Philippe), Lenoir, B. (Bertrand), Venkateshvaran, D. (Deepak), Kaestner, B. (Bernd), Zhao, Y. (Yunshan), Zhang, G. (Gang), Nonoguchi, Y. (Yoshiyuki), Schroeder, B. C. (Bob C), Bilotti, E. (Emiliano), Menon, A. K. (Akanksha K), Urban, J. J. (Jeffrey J), Fenwick, O. (Oliver), Asker, C. (Ceyla), Talin, A. A. (A Alec), Anthopoulos, T. D. (Thomas D), Losi, T. (Tommaso), Viola, F. (Fabrizio), Caironi, M. (Mario), Georgiadou, D. G. (Dimitra G), Ding, L. (Li), Peng, L.-M. (Lian-Mao), Wang, Z. (Zhenxing), Wei, M.-D. (Muh-Dey), Negra, R. (Renato), Lemme, M. C. (Max C), Wagih, M. (Mahmoud), Beeby, S. (Steve), Ibn-Mohammed, T. (Taofeeq), Mustapha, K. B. (K B), Joshi, A. P. (A P), Pecunia, V. (Vincenzo), Silva, S. R. (S Ravi P), Phillips, J. D. (Jamie D), Artegiani, E. (Elisa), Romeo, A. (Alessandro), Shim, H. (Hongjae), Park, J. (Jongsung), Kim, J. H. (Jin Hyeok), Yun, J. S. (Jae Sung), Welch, G. C. (Gregory C), Larson, B. W. (Bryon W), Creran, M. (Myles), Laventure, A. (Audrey), Sasitharan, K. (Kezia), Flores-Diaz, N. (Natalie), Freitag, M. (Marina), Xu, J. (Jie), Brown, T. M. (Thomas M), Li, B. (Benxuan), Wang, Y. (Yiwen), Li, Z. (Zhe), Hou, B. (Bo), Hamadani, B. H. (Behrang H), Defay, E. (Emmanuel), Kovacova, V. (Veronika), Glinsek, S. (Sebastjan), Kar-Narayan, S. (Sohini), Bai, Y. (Yang), Kim, D. B. (Da Bin), Cho, Y. S. (Yong Soo), Žukauskaitė, A. (Agnė), Barth, S. (Stephan), Fan, F. R. (Feng Ru), Wu, W. (Wenzhuo), Costa, P. (Pedro), del Campo, J. (Javier), Lanceros-Mendez, S. (Senentxu), Khanbareh, H. (Hamideh), Wang, Z. L. (Zhong Lin), Pu, X. (Xiong), Pan, C. (Caofeng), Zhang, R. (Renyun), Xu, J. (Jing), Zhao, X. (Xun), Zhou, Y. (Yihao), Chen, G. (Guorui), Tat, T. (Trinny), Ock, I. W. (Il Woo), Chen, J. (Jun), Graham, S. A. (Sontyana Adonijah), Yu, J. S. (Jae Su), Huang, L.-Z. (Ling-Zhi), Li, D.-D. (Dan-Dan), Ma, M.-G. (Ming-Guo), Luo, J. (Jikui), Jiang, F. (Feng), Lee, P. S. (Pooi See), Dudem, B. (Bhaskar), Vivekananthan, V. (Venkateswaran), Kanatzidis, M. G. (Mercouri G), Xie, H. (Hongyao), Shi, X.-L. (Xiao-Lei), Chen, Z.-G. (Zhi-Gang), Riss, A. (Alexander), Parzer, M. (Michael), Garmroudi, F. (Fabian), Bauer, E. (Ernst), Zavanelli, D. (Duncan), Brod, M. K. (Madison K), Al Malki, M. (Muath), Snyder, G. J. (G Jeffrey), Kovnir, K. (Kirill), Kauzlarich, S. M. (Susan M), Uher, C. (Ctirad), Lan, J. (Jinle), Lin, Y.-H. (Yuan-Hua), Fonseca, L. (Luis), Morata, A. (Alex), Martin-Gonzalez, M. (Marisol), Pennelli, G. (Giovanni), Berthebaud, D. (David), Mori, T. (Takao), Quinn, R. J. (Robert J), Bos, J. G. (Jan-Willem G), Candolfi, C. (Christophe), Gougeon, P. (Patrick), Gall, P. (Philippe), Lenoir, B. (Bertrand), Venkateshvaran, D. (Deepak), Kaestner, B. (Bernd), Zhao, Y. (Yunshan), Zhang, G. (Gang), Nonoguchi, Y. (Yoshiyuki), Schroeder, B. C. (Bob C), Bilotti, E. (Emiliano), Menon, A. K. (Akanksha K), Urban, J. J. (Jeffrey J), Fenwick, O. (Oliver), Asker, C. (Ceyla), Talin, A. A. (A Alec), Anthopoulos, T. D. (Thomas D), Losi, T. (Tommaso), Viola, F. (Fabrizio), Caironi, M. (Mario), Georgiadou, D. G. (Dimitra G), Ding, L. (Li), Peng, L.-M. (Lian-Mao), Wang, Z. (Zhenxing), Wei, M.-D. (Muh-Dey), Negra, R. (Renato), Lemme, M. C. (Max C), Wagih, M. (Mahmoud), Beeby, S. (Steve), Ibn-Mohammed, T. (Taofeeq), Mustapha, K. B. (K B), and Joshi, A. P. (A P)

Abstract

Ambient energy harvesting has great potential to contribute to sustainable development and address growing environmental challenges. Converting waste energy from energy-intensive processes and systems (e.g. combustion engines and furnaces) is crucial to reducing their environmental impact and achieving net-zero emissions. Compact energy harvesters will also be key to powering the exponentially growing smart devices ecosystem that is part of the Internet of Things, thus enabling futuristic applications that can improve our quality of life (e.g. smart homes, smart cities, smart manufacturing, and smart healthcare). To achieve these goals, innovative materials are needed to efficiently convert ambient energy into electricity through various physical mechanisms, such as the photovoltaic effect, thermoelectricity, piezoelectricity, triboelectricity, and radiofrequency wireless power transfer. By bringing together the perspectives of experts in various types of energy harvesting materials, this Roadmap provides extensive insights into recent advances and present challenges in the field. Additionally, the Roadmap analyses the key performance metrics of these technologies in relation to their ultimate energy conversion limits. Building on these insights, the Roadmap outlines promising directions for future research to fully harness the potential of energy harvesting materials for green energy anytime, anywhere.

Published
2023

13. Epidemiology and diversity of Plasmodium species in Franceville and their implications for malaria control

Author

Larson Boundenga, Yann Vital Sima-Biyang, Neil Michel Longo-Pendy, Michelle Bignoumba, Clark Mbou-Boutambe, Clauve Jauvert Moukagni-Mussadji, Dorothé Marielle Wora, Fabrice Kassa-Kassa, Richard Onanga, Cyrille Bisseye, Francine Ntoumi, Ayola Akim Adegnika, and Jean-Bernard Lekana-Douki

Subjects
Malaria, Diagnosis, Plasmodium species, Franceville, Gabon, Medicine, Science
Abstract

Abstract Malaria is a significant public health challenge in Gabon, with high prevalence rates in rural and semi-urban areas. This study investigated Plasmodium infection prevalence among outpatients at a medical laboratory in Franceville, Gabon, in 2020. Data from 500 patients were analyzed, revealing an overall infection rate of 33.2% and the presence of four Plasmodium species: P. falciparum, P. malariae, P. ovale, and possibly P. vivax for the first time in Gabon. Co-infections were common, with P. falciparum and P. ovale spp. being the most prevalent at 23.5%. Asymptomatic infections accounted for 81.3% of cases, while symptomatic infections were 18.7%. P. falciparum was associated with symptomatic cases, while non-falciparum species were linked to asymptomatic infections. The findings suggest Franceville has perennial malaria transmission, highlighting the role of Plasmodium species diversity in disease severity and clinical presentation, including the first report of P. vivax infection in the Gabonese population.

Published
2024
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14. Norms of Public Argumentation and the Ideals of Correctness and Participation

Author

Zenker, Frank, primary, van Laar, Jan Albert, additional, Cepollaro, B., additional, Gâţă, A., additional, Hinton, M., additional, King, C. G., additional, Larson, B., additional, Lewiński, M., additional, Lumer, C., additional, Oswald, S., additional, Pichlak, M., additional, Scott, B. D., additional, Urbański, M., additional, and Wagemans, J. H. M., additional

Published
2023
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15. Can Computer-Mediated Interventions Change Theoretical Mediators of Safer Sex? A Meta-Analysis

Author

Noar, Seth M., Pierce, Larson B., and Black, Hulda G.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis of computer-mediated interventions (CMIs) aimed at changing theoretical mediators of safer sex. Meta-analytic aggregation of effect sizes from k = 20 studies indicated that CMIs significantly improved HIV/AIDS knowledge, d = 0.276, p less than 0.001, k = 15, N = 6,625; sexual/condom attitudes, d = 0.161, p less than 0.001, k = 12, N = 5,816; and condom self-efficacy, d = 0.186, p less than 0.001, k = 10, N = 3,308. Although assessed in fewer studies, CMIs also significantly increased perceived susceptibility, condom communication, and condom intentions. Effect sizes were found to be of similar magnitude to human-delivered interventions. Exploratory analysis of moderating influences detected few significant variables. Implications for the development and testing of CMIs are discussed.

Published
2010
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16. Gastrointestinal Parasitic Infections in Non-Human Primates at Gabon’s Primatology Center: Implications for Zoonotic Diseases

Author

Krista Mapagha-Boundoukou, Mohamed Hassani Mohamed-Djawad, Neil Michel Longo-Pendy, Patrice Makouloutou-Nzassi, Félicien Bangueboussa, Mourad Ben Said, Barthélémy Ngoubangoye, and Larson Boundenga

Subjects
non-human primates, gastrointestinal parasites, prevalence, zoonotic diseases, CIRMF primatology center, one health approach, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract

Parasites and infectious diseases pose significant threats to primate populations, especially in captive non-human primates (NHPs). This study aimed to assess the diversity and prevalence of intestinal parasites in NHPs at the CIRMF Primatology Center. A total of 97 fecal samples were analyzed using parasitological techniques, including sodium chloride flotation and modified Baermann sedimentation methods. An overall parasite prevalence of 93.81% (91/97) was observed. Sixteen groups of parasites with zoonotic potential were identified, comprising ten genera of nematodes (Trichuris, Enterobius, Hookworm, Trichostrongylus, Mammomonogamus, Spirure, Oesophagostomum, Schistosoma, Ascaris, and Strongyloides), three genera of protists (Eimeria, Balantioides coli/Buxtonella, and Entamoeba), one genus of cestodes (Hymenolepis), and two genera of trematodes (Dicrocoelium and Paramphistomum). High prevalences were noted for Oesophagostomum spp. (83.5%), Strongyloides spp. (52.58%), and Trichostrongylus spp. (50.52%). These findings underscore the potential role of the CIRMF Primatology Center in maintaining and facilitating the transmission of intestinal parasites with high zoonotic potential. The co-existence of human and NHP parasites in shared environments, such as zoos and research facilities, emphasizes the need for a holistic, One Health approach that addresses the interconnected health of humans, animals, and the environment. This study highlights the urgent need for collaborative strategies to mitigate the risks of zoonotic parasite transmission between NHPs and humans in captive settings.

Published
2024
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17. Occurrence of multiple infections of rodents with parasites and bacteria in the Sibang Arboretum, Libreville, Gabon

Author

Patrice Makouloutou-Nzassi, Chimène Nze-Nkogue, Boris Kevin Makanga, Neil Michel Longo-Pendy, Judi Armel Bourobou Bourobou, Branly Cordia Bikie Bi Nso, Etienne François Akomo-Okoue, Cherone-Cheba Mbazoghe-Engo, Félicien Bangueboussa, Silas Lendzele Sevidzem, Ghislain Wilfried Ebang Ella, Lillian B. Mangama Koumba, Fred Loïc Mindonga Nguelet, Rodrigue Mintsa Nguema, and Larson Boundenga

Subjects
anaplasma, babesia, gabon, haemaphysalis, helminths, laelaps, praomys, Animal culture, SF1-1100, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract

Background and Aim: Rodents are carriers or reservoirs of various bacteria, protozoa, viruses, and ectoparasites. Given the proximity of various rodent species and humans, there is a potential for the transmission of pathogens. Data on ecto- and endo-parasite prevalence in rodent populations in Gabon are limited. To fill this gap, we conducted a study in Libreville to investigate the occurrence of ecto- and endo-parasites in rodents. Materials and Methods: We captured and euthanized 68 rodents belonging to the genus Praomys and examined their ecto- and endo-parasite fauna, dissected their gastrointestinal tract for helminths, and prepared blood smears to examine blood-borne pathogens. Results: Our analyses identified three pathogen taxa: helminths (Protospirura spp., Trichuris spp., and Taenia spp.), protozoa (Babesia spp.), bacteria (Anaplasma spp.), and arthropods (Laelaps and Haemaphysalis). Overall, 91.2% of the rodents were infected with at least one pathogen and ectoparasite, with helminth and ectoparasite occurrence rate of 63.2% and ectoparasite occurrence at 44.1%. Protozoan infections (Babesia spp.) were found in 10.3% of the rodents, whereas bacteria (Anaplasma spp.) had an occurrence rate of 39.7%. Conclusion: Native rodents in Libreville harbor various infectious agents, ecto- and endo-parasites. These findings highlight the potential health risks associated with Praomys rodents for the transmission of various diseases to human population in Gabon and emphasize the need for investigation of rodents for their role as disease carriers.

Published
2024
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23. Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. infection in rodents and chickens in Franceville, Gabon

Author

Patrice Makouloutou-Nzassi, Bernie Bouchedi, J. B. Mangombi-Pambou, Neil Michel Longo-Pendy, Nadine N’dilimabaka, Félicien Bangueboussa, Schedy Koumba, Anicet Mouity Matoumba, Larson Boundenga, Gael Darren Maganga, and Rodrigue Mintsa-Nguema

Subjects
cryptosporidium spp., domestic chickens, gabon, oocysts, rodents, Animal culture, SF1-1100, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract

Background and Aim: Cryptosporidium spp. members of the phylum Apicomplexa are obligate protozoan parasites capable of infecting various vertebrate hosts, including rodents and chickens. Infection caused by these parasites may lead to zoonotic diseases in humans. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in rodents and domestic chickens sampled in Franceville, Gabon. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and eighty-five samples were collected, of which 185 samples were from rodents and 100 from domestic chickens. Microscopy after modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining and nested polymerase chain reaction targeting the small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene were used to examine Cryptosporidium spp. Results: The overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium oocysts was 55.8%, with a prevalence of 72.4% in rodents and 25.0% in domestic chickens. Molecular analysis showed that Cryptosporidium spp. were present in 4.0% of the samples. No significant correlation was observed between Cryptosporidium spp. carriage and sex or location in this study. These results indicate that Cryptosporidium spp. persist and circulate in the studied animal species in Franceville, Gabon. Conclusion: Infection with Cryptosporidium is very common in rodents and chickens in Franceville. The potential risk of human contamination cannot be ruled out. More research should be conducted to characterize Cryptosporidium species circulating in rodents and chickens in Gabon. Such studies are essential to better understand the epidemiology of this protozoan and its potential impact on public health.

Published
2024
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32. Asymptomatic Malaria Infection and Hidden Parasitic Burden in Gabonese Schoolchildren: Unveiling Silent Co-Infections in Rural and Urban Settings

Author

Patrice Makouloutou-Nzassi, Lady Charlene Kouna, Chérone Nancy Mbani Mpega Ntigui, Neil Michel Longo-Pendy, Judy Armel Bourobou Bourobou, Felicien Bangueboussa, Nick Chenis Atiga, Jean Bernard Lekana-Douki, Larson Boundenga, and Sandrine Lydie Oyegue-Liabagui

Subjects
anemia, children, co-infections, Gabon, Lastourville, malaria infection, Medicine
Abstract

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of co-infection with malaria and intestinal parasites and assess its association with anemia in school-aged children from rural and urban settlements in Gabon. This cross-sectional study involved afebrile school children recruited at schools between May and June 2021. Blood and stool samples were collected from participants whose parents or legal guardians provided informed consent to participate in the study. Hemoglobin concentration (Hb) was measured using a HemoCue photometer (HemoCue 201, HemoCue, Angelholm, Sweden). Giemsa-stained blood films were examined to detect malaria parasites and any filarial infections, while the merthiolate-iodine concentration (MIC) method was used to identify intestinal parasitic infections (IPI). A total of four hundred and seventy (470) school-aged children were successfully enrolled in this study. The observed prevalence values were as follows: malaria infection at 69.6%, IPIs at 19.1%, filaria at 5.1%, Schistosoma infection at 15.0%, and anemia at 29.0%. Co-infections of malaria with IPIs, filaria, and Schistosoma were present in 12.3%, 4.7%, and 6.6% of the children, respectively. Malaria and filaria infections were associated with residing in Lastourville city (p < 0.05) and were also correlated with age (p < 0.05), whereas IPIs were associated with male gender and living in the city of Lastourville. Anemia was linked to malaria infection (p < 0.05) and was more prevalent among children living in rural areas. The findings of this study indicate that malaria, IPIs, and Schistosoma infections continue to pose a significant public health problem in the study area, even though only malaria infection appeared to be associated with anemia. Nevertheless, these results highlight the need for implementing control measures to reduce the prevalence of malaria, IPIs, filaria, and Schistosoma, particularly in Lastourville.

Published
2024
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33. Methods of Studying Early Theropod Flight

Author

Pittman, M., Heers, A. M., Serrano, F. J., Field, D. J., Habibi, M. B., Dececchi, T. A., Kaye, T. G., and Larson, B. C. E

Subjects
sub-04
Abstract

The study of early theropod flight involves avialans as well as other pennaraptorans. It requires\ud the study of anatomy that is familiar to the modern ornithologist, but also very different and alien.\ud Early theropod flight therefore necessitates study methods that can incorporate what we know about\ud sophisticated powered and unpowered flight in living birds while being mindful of the differences\ud between them and the earliest theropod "yers. In this chapter we will survey key methods and\ud approaches, covering their best-practice applications along the timeline of early theropod flight\ud evolution and priorities for future method development.

Published
2020

34. The Rapid Deployment of a 3D Printed 'Latticed' Nasopharyngeal Swab for COVID-19 Testing Made Using Digital Light Synthesis

Author

Van Wert R, Seshadri S, Meyer E, Christina S. Kong, Pollack S, Lu O, Maxner A, S. Schmidt, Larson B, Bennett I, Herring M, Fralick J, Philip L. Bulterys, Patterson S, Chang M, Swarup K, Hardik Kabaria, Joseph M. DeSimone, Thomas C, and Rolland J

Subjects
Face shield, 3d printed, business.product_category, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), business.industry, Software deployment, Computer science, Embedded system, Supply chain, Liquid resin, Digital manufacturing, Manufacturing methods, business
Abstract

The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has caused a pandemic that has disrupted supply chains globally. This black swan event is challenging industries from all sectors of the economy including those industries directly needed to produce items that safeguard us from the disease itself, especially personal protection equipment (N95 masks, face shields) and much needed consumables associated with testing and vaccine delivery (swabs, vials and viral transfer medium). Digital manufacturing, especially 3D printing, has been promulgated as an important approach for the rapid development of new products as well as a replacement manufacturing technique for many traditional manufacturing methods, including injection molding, when supply chains are disrupted. Herein we report the use of Digital Light Synthesis (DLS) for the design and large-scale deployment of nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs for testing of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infections in humans. NP swabs have been one of society’s essential products hardest hit by the supply chain disruptions caused by COVID-19. A latticed tip NP swab was designed and fabricated by DLS from a liquid resin previously developed and approved for use to make dental night guard devices. These latticed NP swabs demonstrated non-inferiority in a human clinical study of patients suspected of being infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Published
2020
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35. Comparison of Sample and Detection Quantification Methods for Salmonella Enterica from Produce

Author

Hummerick, M. P, Khodadad, C, Richards, J. T, Dixit, A, Spencer, L. M, Larson, B, Parrish, C., II, Birmele, M, and Wheeler, Raymond

Subjects
Life Sciences (General)
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify and optimize fast and reliable sampling and detection methods for the identification of pathogens that may be present on produce grown in small vegetable production units on the International Space Station (ISS), thus a field setting. Microbiological testing is necessary before astronauts are allowed to consume produce grown on ISS where currently there are two vegetable production units deployed, Lada and Veggie.

Published
2014

36. Structure of chimpanzee gut microbiomes across tropical Africa

Author

Bueno de Mesquita, C.P., Nichols, L.M., Gebert, M.J., Vanderburgh, C., Bocksberger, G., Lester, J.D., Kalan, A.K., Dieguez, P., McCarthy, M.S., Agbor, A., Álvarez Varona, P., Ayimisin, A.E., Bessone, M., Chancellor, R., Cohen, H., Coupland, C., Deschner, T., Egbe, V.E., Goedmakers, A., Granjon, A.-C., Grueter, C.C., Head, J., Hernandez-Aguilar, R.A., Jeffery, K.J., Jones, S., Kadam, P., Kaiser, M., Lapuente, J., Larson, B., Marrocoli, S., Morgan, D., Mugerwa, B., Mulindahabi, F., Neil, E., Niyigaba, P., Pacheco, L., Piel, A.K., Robbins, M.M., Rundus, A., Sanz, C.M., Sciaky, L., Sheil, D., Sommer, V., Stewart, F.A., Ton, E., van Schijndel, J., Vergnes, V., Wessling, E.G., Wittig, R.M., Ginath Yuh, Y., Yurkiw, K., Zuberbühler, K., Gogarten, J.F., Heintz-Buschart, Anna, Muellner-Riehl, A.N., Boesch, C., Kühl, H.S., Fierer, N., Arandjelovic, M., Dunn, R.R., Bueno de Mesquita, C.P., Nichols, L.M., Gebert, M.J., Vanderburgh, C., Bocksberger, G., Lester, J.D., Kalan, A.K., Dieguez, P., McCarthy, M.S., Agbor, A., Álvarez Varona, P., Ayimisin, A.E., Bessone, M., Chancellor, R., Cohen, H., Coupland, C., Deschner, T., Egbe, V.E., Goedmakers, A., Granjon, A.-C., Grueter, C.C., Head, J., Hernandez-Aguilar, R.A., Jeffery, K.J., Jones, S., Kadam, P., Kaiser, M., Lapuente, J., Larson, B., Marrocoli, S., Morgan, D., Mugerwa, B., Mulindahabi, F., Neil, E., Niyigaba, P., Pacheco, L., Piel, A.K., Robbins, M.M., Rundus, A., Sanz, C.M., Sciaky, L., Sheil, D., Sommer, V., Stewart, F.A., Ton, E., van Schijndel, J., Vergnes, V., Wessling, E.G., Wittig, R.M., Ginath Yuh, Y., Yurkiw, K., Zuberbühler, K., Gogarten, J.F., Heintz-Buschart, Anna, Muellner-Riehl, A.N., Boesch, C., Kühl, H.S., Fierer, N., Arandjelovic, M., and Dunn, R.R.

Abstract

Understanding variation in host-associated microbial communities is important given the relevance of microbiomes to host physiology and health. Using 560 fecal samples collected from wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) across their range, we assessed how geography, genetics, climate, vegetation, and diet relate to gut microbial community structure (prokaryotes, eukaryotic parasites) at multiple spatial scales. We observed a high degree of regional specificity in the microbiome composition, which was associated with host genetics, available plant foods, and potentially with cultural differences in tool use, which affect diet. Genetic differences drove community composition at large scales, while vegetation and potentially tool use drove within-region differences, likely due to their influence on diet. Unlike industrialized human populations in the United States, where regional differences in the gut microbiome are undetectable, chimpanzee gut microbiomes are far more variable across space, suggesting that technological developments have decoupled humans from their local environments, obscuring regional differences that could have been important during human evolution.

Published
2021

42. Epidemiology of malaria in Gabon: A systematic review and meta-analysis from 1980 to 2023

Author

Yann Vital Sima-Biyang, Steede Seinnat Ontoua, Neil Michel Longo-Pendy, Clark Mbou-Boutambe, Patrice Makouloutou-Nzassi, Cyr Kinga Moussadji, Jean-Bernard Lekana-Douki, and Larson Boundenga

Subjects
Malaria, Epidemiology, Spatial distribution, Drug resistance, Vector resistance, Gabon, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

The objective of this were conducted to elucidate spatiotemporal variations in malaria epidemiology in Gabon since 1980. For that, five databases, were used to collect and identify all studies published between 1980 and 2023 on malaria prevalence, antimalarial drug resistance, markers of antimalarial drug resistance and insecticide resistance marker. The findings suggest that Gabon continues to face malaria as an urgent public health problem, with persistently high prevalence rates. Markers of resistance to CQ persist despite its withdrawal, and markers of resistance to SP have emerged with a high frequency, reaching 100 %, while ACTs remain effective. Also, recent studies have identified markers of resistance to the insecticides Kdr-w and Kdr-e at frequencies ranging from 25 % to 100 %. Ace1R mutation was reported with a frequency of 0.4 %. In conclusion, the efficacy of ACTs remains above the threshold recommended by the WHO. Organo-phosphates and carbamates could provide an alternative for vector control.

Published
2024
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43. Three-dimensional X-ray structural microscopy with submicrometre resolution

Author

Larson, B. C., Yang, Wenge, Ice, G. E., Budai, J. D., and Tischler, J. Z.

Subjects
Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Author(s): B. C. Larson (corresponding author) [1]; Wenge Yang [1]; G. E. Ice [2]; J. D. Budai [1]; J. Z. Tischler [1] Advanced materials and processing techniques are based largely [...]

Published
2002
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50. National scientific medical meeting 1997 abstracts

Author

Willison, H. J., Lastovica, A. J., Prendergast, M. M., Moran, A. P., Walsh, C., Flitcroft, I., Eustace, P., McMahon, C., Smith, J., Smith, O. P., Lakshmandass, G., Taylor, M. R. H., Holland, C. V., Cox, D., Good, B., Kearns, G. M., Gaffney, P., Shark, K., Frauenshuh, M., Ortmann, W., Messner, R., King, R., Rich, S., Behrens, T., Mahmud, N., Molloy, A., McPartlin, J., Scott, J. M., Weir, D. G., Walsh, K. M., Thorburn, D., Mills, P., Morris, A. J., Good, T., Cameron, S., McCruden, E. A. B., Bennett, M. W., O’Connell, J., Brady, C., Roche, D., Collins, J. K., Shanahan, F., O’Sullivant, G. C., Henry, M., Koston, S., McMahon, K., MacNee, W., FitzGerald, M. X., O’Connor, C. M., McGonagle, D., Gibbon, W., O’Connor, P., Emery, P., Murphy, M., Watson, R., Casey, E., Naidu, E., Murphy, M., Watson, R., Barnes, L., McCann, S., Murphy, M., Watson, R., Barnes, L., Sweeney, E., Barrett, E. J., Graham, H., Cunningham, R. T., Johnston, C. F., Curry, W. J., Buchanan, K. D., Courtney, C. H., McAllister, A. S., McCance, D. R., Hadden, D. R., Bell, P. M., Leslie, H., Sheridan, B., Atkinson, A. B., Kilbane, M. T., Smith, D. F., Murray, M. J., Shering, S. G., McDermott, E. W. M., O’Higgins, N. J., Smyth, P. P. A., McEneny, J., Trimble, E. R., Young, I. S., Sharpe, P., Mercer, C., McMaster, D., Young, I. S., Evans, A. E., Young, I. S., Cundick, J., Hasselwander, O., McMaster, D., McGeough, J., Savage, D., Maxwell, A. P., Evans, A. E., Kee, F., Larkin, C. J., Watson, R. G. P., Johnston, C., Ardill, J. E. S., Buchanan, K. D., McNamara, D. A., Walsh, T. N., Bouchier-Hayes, D. J., Madden, C., Timon, C., Gardiner, N., Lawler, M., O’Riordan, J., Duggan, C., McCann, S. R., Gowing, H., Braakman, E., Lawler, M., Byrne, C., Martens, A. C. M., Hagenbeek, A., McCann, S. R., Kinsella, N., Cusack, S., Lawler, M., Baker, H., White, B., Smith, O. P., Lawler, M., Gardiner, N., Molloy, K., Gowing, H., Wogan, A., McCann, S. R., McElwaine, S., Lawler, M., Hollywood, D., McCann, S. R., Mcmahon, C., Merry, C., Ryan, M., Smith, O., Mulcahy, F. M., Murphy, C., Briones, J., Gardiner, N., McCann, S. R., Lawler, M., White, B., Lawler, M., Cusack, S., Kinsella, N., Smith, O. P., Lavin, P., McCaffrey, M., Gillen, P., White, B., Smith, O. P., Thompson, L., Lalloz, M., Layton, M., Barnes, L., Corish, C., Kennedy, N. P., Flood, P., Mulligan, S., McNamara, E., Kennedy, N. P., Flood, P., Mathias, P. M., Ball, E., Duiculescu, D., Calistru, P., O’Gorman, N., Kennedy, N. P., Abuzakouk, M., Feighery, C., Brannigan, M., Pender, S., Keeling, F., Varghese, J., Lee, M., Colreavy, M., Gaffney, R., Hone, S., Herzig, M., Walsh, M., Dolan, C., Wogan, A., Lawler, M., McCann, S. R., Hollywood, D., Donovan, D., Harmey, J., Bouchier-Hayes, D. J., Haverty, A., Wang, J. H., Harmey, J. H., Redmond, H. P., Bouchier-Hayes, D. J., McGreal, G., Shering, S. G., Moriarty, M. J., Shortt, A., Kilbane, M. T., Smith, D. F., McDermott, E. W. M., O’Higgins, N. J., Smyth, P. P. A., McNamara, D. A., Harmey, J., Wang, J. H., Donovan, D., Walsh, T. N., Bouchier-Hayes, D. J., Kay, E., Pidgeon, G., Harmey, J., McNamara, D. A., Bouchier-Hayes, D. J., Dunne, P., Lambkin, H., Russell, J. M., O’Neill, A. J., Dunne, B. M., O’Donovan, M., Lawler, M., Gaffney, E. F., Gillan, J. E., Cotter, T. G., Horan, J., Jones, D., Biswas, S. K., Mulkerrin, E. C., Brady, H., O’Donnell, J., Neary, J., Healy, E., Watson, A., Keogh, B., Ryan, M., Cassidy, C., Ward, S., Stokes, E., Keoghan, F., Barrett, A., O’Connell, P., Ryall, N., O’Connell, P. A., Jenkinson, A., O’Brien, T., O’Connell, P. G., Harrison, R., Barrett, T., Bailey, D. M. D., Butler, A., Barton, D. E., Byrne, C., McElwaine, S., McCann, S. R., Lawler, M., Cusack, S., Lawler, M., White, B., Smith, O. P., Daly, G., Gill, M., Heron, S., Hawi, Z., Fitzgerald, M., Hawi, Z., Mynett-Johnson, L., Shiels, D., Kendler, K., McKeon, P., Gill, M., Straub, R., Walsh, D., Ryan, F., Barton, D. E., McCabe, D., Murphy, R., Segurado, R., Mulcahy, T., Larson, B., Comerford, C., O’Connell, R., O’Mahony, E., Gill, M., Donnelly, J., Minahan, F., O’Neill, D., Farrell, Z., O’Neill, D., Jones, D., Horan, J., Glynn, C., Biswas, S. K., Mulkerrin, E., Brady, H., Lennox, S. E., Murphy, A., Rea, I. M., McNulty, H., McMeel, C., O’Neill, D., McEvoy, H., Freaney, R., McKenna, M. J., Crowe, M., Keating, D., Colreavy, M., Hone, S., Norman, G., Widda, S., Viani, L., Galvin, Nolan, C. M., Hardiman, O., Hardiman, O., Brett, F., Droogan, O., Gallagher, P., Harmey, M., King, M., Murphy, J., Perryrnan, R., Sukumaran, S., Walsh, J., Farrell, M. A., Hughes, G., Cunningham, C., Walsh, J. B., Coakley, D., O’Neill, D., Hurson, M., Flood, P., McMonagle, P., Hardiman, O., Ryan, F., O’Sullivan, S., Merry, C., Dodd, P., Redmond, J., Mulcahy, F. M., Browne, R., Keating, S., O’Connor, J., Cassidy, B. P., Smyth, R., Sheppard, N. P., Cullivan, R., Crown, J., Walsh, N., Denihan, A., Bruce, I., Radic, A., Coakley, D., Lawlor, B. A., Bridges, P. K., O’Doherty, M., Farrington, A., O’Doherty, M., Farragher, B., Fahy, S., Kelly, R., Carey, T., Owens, J., Gallagher, O., Sloan, D., McDonough, C., Casey, P., Horgan, A., Elneihum, A., O’Neill, C., McMonagle, T., Quinn, J., Meagher, D., Murphy, P., Kinsella, A., Mullaney, J., Waddington, J. L., Rooney, S., Rooney, S., Bamford, L., Sloan, D., O’Connor, J. J., Franklin, R., O’Brien, K., Fitzpatrick, G., Laffey, J. G., Boylan, J. F., Laffey, J., Coleman, M., Boylan, J., Laffey, J. G., McShane, A. J., Boylan, J. F., Loughrey, J. P. R., Gardiner, J., McGinley, J., Leonard, I., Carey, M., Neligan, P., O’Rourke, J., Cunningham, A., Fennessy, F., Kelly, C., Bouchier-Hayes, D., Fennessy, F., Wang, J. H., Kelly, C., Bouchier-Hayes, D., Fennessy, F., Wang, J. H., Kelly, C., Bouchier-Hayes, D. J., Kellett, J., Laffey, J., Murphy, D., Regan, J., O’Keeffe, D., Mahmud, A., Hemeryck, L., Feely, J., Mahmud, A., Hemeryck, L., Hall, M., Feely, J., Menown, I. B. A., Mathew, T. P., Nesbitt, G. S., Syme, M., Young, I. S., Adgey, A. A. J., Menown, I. B. A., Turtle, F., Allen, J., Anderson, J., Adgey, A. A. J., O’Hanlon, R., Codd, M. B., Walkin, S., McCann, H. A., Sugrue, D. D., Rasheed, A. M., Chen, G., Kelly, C., Bouchier-Hayes, D. J., Leahy, A., Rasheed, A. M., Kay, E., Jina, S., Bouchier-Hayes, D. J., Leahy, A., McDowell, I., Rasheed, A. M., Wang, J. H., Wo, Q., Kelly, C., Bouchier-Hayes, D. J., Leahy, A., Shuhaibar, M. N., McGovern, E., Turtle, F., Menown, I. B. A., Manoharan, G., Kirkpatrick, R., Campbell, N. P. S., Walkin, S., Codd, M. B., O’Hanlon, R., McCarthy, C., McCann, H. A., Sugrue, D. D., Wen, Y., Killalea, S., Hall, M., Hemeryck, L., Feely, J., Fahy, C. J., Griffith, A., McGinley, J., McCabe, D., Fraser, A., Casey, E., Ryan, T., Murphy, R., Browne, M., Fenton, J., Hughes, J., Timon, C. I., Fenton, J., Curran, A., Smyth, D., Viani, L., Walsh, M., Hughes, J. P., Fenton, J., Lee, P., Kelly, A., Timon, C. I., Hughes, J. P., Fenton, J., Shine, N., Blayney, A., McShane, D. P., Timon, C. I., Hussey, J., Howlett, M., Langton, A., McEvoy, A., Slevin, J., Fitzpatrick, C., Turner, M. J., Enright, F., Goggin, N., Costigan, C., Duff, D., Osizlok, P., Wood, F., Watson, R., Fitzsimons, R. B., Flanagan, N., Enright, F., Barnes, L., Watson, R., Molloy, E., Griffin, E., Deasy, P. F., Sheridan, M., White, M. J., Moore, R., Gray, A., Hill, J., Glasgow, J. F. T., Middleton, B., Slattery, D., Donoghue, V., McMahon, A., Murphy, J., Slattery, D., McCarthy, A., Oslislok, P., Duff, D., Colreavy, M., Keogh, I., Hone, S., Walsh, M., Henry, M., Koston, S., McMahon, K., MacNee, W., FitzGerald, M. X., O’Connor, C. M., Russell, K. J., Henry, M., Fitzgerald, M. X., O’Connor, C. M., Kavanagh, P. V., McNamara, S. M., Feely, J., Barry, M., O’Brien, J. E., McCormick, P., Molony, C., Doyle, R. M., Walsh, J. B., Coakley, D., Codd, M. B., O’Connell, P. R., Dowey, L. C., McGlynn, H., Thurnham, D. I., Elborn, S. J., Flynn, L., Carton, J., Byrne, B., O’Farrelly, C., Kelehan, P., O’Herlihy, C., O’Hara, A. M., Moran, A. P., Orren, A., Fernie, B. A., Merry, C., Clarke, S., Courtney, G., de Gascun, C., Mulcahy, F. M., Merry, C., Ryan, M., Barry, M., Mulcahy, F. M., Merry, C., Ryan, M., Barry, M., Mulcahy, F. M., Byrne, M., Moylett, E., Murphy, H., Butler, K., Nourse, C., Thaker, H., Barry, C., Russell, J., Sheehan, G., Boyle, B., Hone, R., Conboy, B., Butler, C., Moris, D., Cormican, M., Flynn, J., McCormack, O., Corbally, N., Murray, A., Kirrane, S., O’Keane, C., Hone, R., Lynch, S. M., Cryan, B., Whyte, D., Morris, D., Butler, C., Cormican, M., Flynn, J., Corbett-Feeney, G., Murray, A., Corbally, N., Hone, R., Mackle, T., Colreavy, M., Perkins, J., Saidlear, C., Young, A., Eustace, P., Wrigley, M., Clifford, J., Waddington, J. L., Tighe, O., Croke, D. T., Drago, J., Sibley, D. R., Feely, J., Kelly, A., Carvalho, M., Hennessy, M., Kelly, M., Feely, J., Hughes, C., Hanlon, M., Feely, J., Sabra, K., Keane, T., Egan, D., Ryan, M., Maerry, C., Ryan, M., Barry, M., Mulcahy, F. M., Maerry, C., Ryan, M., Barry, M., Mulcahy, F. M., Sharma, S. C., Williams, D., Kelly, A., Carvalho, M., Feely, J., Williams, D., Kelly, A., Carvalho, M., Feely, J., Codd, M. B., Mahon, N. G., McCann, H. A., Sugrue, D. D., Sayers, G. M., Johnson, Z., McNamara, S. M., Kavanagh, P. V., and Feely, J.

Published
1998
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